This document discusses an introduction to problem solving and programming with Python. It covers several topics: - The objectives of the course, which are to introduce programming through Scratch, problem solving through flowcharting with Raptor, and problem solving with Python. - An overview of programming, why it's useful, prerequisites, and how to get started. - Basic concepts of computers, including what they are, hardware, software, and the boot process. - Information storage and coding in bits, bytes, words, and other units. - Common computer components like RAM, ROM, displays, and storage devices.

1. Dr.B.Srinivasa Rao
Assistant Professor,CSE Dept
GIT
Problem Solving and Programming With Python
Problem Solving and Programming
With Python

2. Objectives
Problem Solving and Programming With Python
 To introduce programming through Visual
programming tool – Scratch.
 To teach problem solving through Flow charting
tool – Raptor.
 To elucidate problem solving through python
programming language.

3. Objectives
Problem Solving and Programming With Python
 To introduce function-oriented programming
paradigm through python.
 To train in development of solutions using modular
concepts.
 To teach practical Pythonic solution patterns.

4. Introduction
Problem Solving and Programming With Python
 Introduction to Programming
 Why Programming ?
 Programming for Everybody

5. Introduction
Problem Solving and Programming With Python
 Any Prerequisites ?
 Where to start?
 Why do we have so many languages?

6. Introduction
Problem Solving and Programming With Python
 How to go about programming?
 Why to learn programming?
 What is programming?
 How to give instructions ?

7. 7
What Is a Computer?
 Computer
 Performs computations and makes logical decisions
 Millions / billions times faster than human beings
 Computer programs
 Sets of instructions by which a computer processes
data
 Hardware
 Physical devices of computer system
 Software
 Programs that run on computers
Problem Solving and Programming With Python

8. The boot process
 The process by which a machine comes up from
rest state to the state that is usable is known as
booting
 When the power is turned on
 The CPU runs the BIOS (Basic Input / Output
System)
 Usually located on a chip on the motherboard
 Runs POST (Power On Self Test) of various hardware
components
 Loads the boot sector program
8
Problem Solving and Programming With Python

9. Information storage
 1 bit
 8 bits
 16 bits
 32 bits
 64 bits
• bit (1 or 0)
• byte (octet) (28)
• word (216)
• double (232)
• long double (264)
Encoding information on a fixed element of length n with a base b
gives bn non-redundant possibilities
Problem Solving and Programming With Python

10. Information coding
 Binary
 0 or 1
 Octal
 0-7
 Hexadecimal
 0-9+A-F
 Decimal
 0-9
Problem Solving and Programming With Python

11. RAM/ROM
 Size reminder:
 Kilobyte Kb 210 ~103
 Megabyte Mb 220 ~106
 Gigabyte Gb 230 ~109
 Terabyte Tb 240 ~1012
 Petabyte Pb 250 ~1015
 …
Problem Solving and Programming With Python

12. Display
 Screen pixel or dots
 Color coding: 32 bits
 1 pixel = 3 bytes of color (RGB)+1 byte alpha channel (transparency)
 1600x1200x4bytes=7.5 Mb!
Problem Solving and Programming With Python

13. Storage Devices
 Hard Disk Drive: used to store data inside of the computer.
 Magnetic platter that holds a large amount of information in
a form the computer can understand.
 Floppy Disk: flat circles of iron oxide-coated plastic
enclosed in a hard plastic case.
 Most are 3 ½ inches and have a capacity to hold 1.44 MB
or more of data.
 CD ROM Drive: a compact disk that reads only memory.
 CD-RW: a device that allows you to read and write to a
compact disk
Problem Solving and Programming With Python

14. Storage Devices (Con.)
 Internal Storage:
Allows you to store
information inside of the
computer
Hard Drive:
Allows the fastest access
to information
RAM (Random Access
Memory) – temporary
ROM (Read Only
Memory) -
long-term memory
 External Storage:
Allows you to use devices to
store information outside
of the computer
Floppy Disks
CD-ROMs (Compact Disc
Read Only Memory)
CD-RW (Compact Disc
(Read and Write)
DVDs (Digital Video Disc)
USB/Jump Drives
Problem Solving and Programming With Python

15. Which Storage Device Holds
the Most Information?
FLOPPY DISKS
1.44 MB
CD-ROM DISC
640 MB
DVD DISC
17 GB
HARD DRIVES
80 and above GB
Problem Solving and Programming With Python

16. DVD
 DVD ROM
 Digital Video Disk which is read only.
 DVD-R
 Digital Video Disk which can be written to one
time. It then becomes read only.
 DVD-RW
 Digital Video Disk which can be rewritten to.
Problem Solving and Programming With Python

17. HD/DVD
track
sector
head
Problem Solving and Programming With Python

18. Flash or jump Drives
 External storage devices that can be used
like a external hard drive.
 They have the capability to be saved to,
deleted from, and files can be renamed
just like with a normal hard drive.
Problem Solving and Programming With Python

19. Thank you
Problem Solving and Programming With Python