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Organ Trafficking
« The organ trade exists because there is 
an organ and tissue shortage whereas the 
demand is stimulated by the medical and 
          surgical advances »

                       Christian Le Fort,
   president of France ADOT(Association for organ donation)
Introduction

●   1828, case of the Doctor
    Robert Knox, Edinburgh
●   In the 80s, the « transplantation
    tourism » : rich Asians went to India in 
    order to get organs from poor donors.
1) Definition and causes
●   What is an organ trafficking ?


        The illegal organ trade is a form of
    widespread organized crime where organs
       are illegaly obtained and traded for
                  transplantation.
●   3 main categories : 
  - cases where traffickers force or deceive the 
  donors to give up an organ


  - cases where the donors agree to sell an 
  organ, these victims are usually cheated out 
  of money


  - organs are removed without the        
  victims'knowledge
●   Causes :
    - increase in diabetes, livers and heart 
    diseases : rising of the demand of organs


    - medical advances that have made it 
    easier to take parts of the liver, lungs and 
    kidneys from live donors


    - when you face the death, you do anything 
    you can to save your life
2) Organ trade in the world




●   1 person dies every 90 minutes waiting for an 
    organ transplant surgery
●   Ilegal trade increases in developed 
    countries due to shortage of organ donation
●   Attempted to legalize selling 
    organs for a profit in 1994.

●   Organs are sold online. Many 
    doctors participate to earn 
    extra money.

●   Because of the corruption in 
    India, organ trafficking is 
    prevalent almost everywhere.
●   China has the lowest donor rate in the world
●   It has 1,5 million people in need of new organs 
    and only 10,000 a year get one legally.
●   90 % of organs from China are from deceased 
    prisoners
●   The leader in illegal organ  
    trafficking.                    Moldova

●   Every 6 minutes an organ 
    is being removed from a 
    Moldovan and sold.

●   Moldovan government has 
    no laws or restrictions 
    against illegal organ 
    trafficking
●   Iran is the only country in the world where
      selling an organ for a profit is legal.

●   Usually sellers earn about $1,000 to $2,000 for
     a kidney.
A popular urban legend warns against
  getting drunk with strangers in Las
Vegas, lest you awaken in an ice bath,
           missing a kidney.

         (cf. Made To Stick)
Opinion poll
●   How much does a heart cost in
    Taiwan ?

●   How much for a liver in China ?

●   A lung in South Africa ?
→ Heart from Taiwan = $290,000 = €225,000
→ Liver from China = $130,000 = €100,000
→ Lung from South Africa = $290,000 = €225,000
Debate
●   What do you think about organ trade ?
    (shocked ? taboo subject ? …)


●   Would you be willing to buy an organ to
    save your life ?
    (in spite of the exorbitant price, ethical issue...)
●   What could be the solutions to avoid the
    organ trade ?
    (international law more rigorous ? By developing
    awareness about organ donation ? …)


●   Would you be willing to donate one of
    your organs ?
Thank you



        Alice & Marie

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Présentation (1)

  • 2. Introduction ● 1828, case of the Doctor Robert Knox, Edinburgh
  • 3. In the 80s, the « transplantation tourism » : rich Asians went to India in  order to get organs from poor donors.
  • 4. 1) Definition and causes ● What is an organ trafficking ? The illegal organ trade is a form of widespread organized crime where organs are illegaly obtained and traded for transplantation.
  • 5. 3 main categories :    - cases where traffickers force or deceive the  donors to give up an organ   - cases where the donors agree to sell an  organ, these victims are usually cheated out  of money   - organs are removed without the    victims'knowledge
  • 6. Causes : - increase in diabetes, livers and heart  diseases : rising of the demand of organs - medical advances that have made it  easier to take parts of the liver, lungs and  kidneys from live donors - when you face the death, you do anything  you can to save your life
  • 7. 2) Organ trade in the world ● 1 person dies every 90 minutes waiting for an  organ transplant surgery ● Ilegal trade increases in developed  countries due to shortage of organ donation
  • 8. Attempted to legalize selling  organs for a profit in 1994. ● Organs are sold online. Many  doctors participate to earn  extra money. ● Because of the corruption in  India, organ trafficking is  prevalent almost everywhere.
  • 9. China has the lowest donor rate in the world ● It has 1,5 million people in need of new organs  and only 10,000 a year get one legally. ● 90 % of organs from China are from deceased  prisoners
  • 10. The leader in illegal organ   trafficking. Moldova ● Every 6 minutes an organ  is being removed from a  Moldovan and sold. ● Moldovan government has  no laws or restrictions  against illegal organ  trafficking
  • 11. Iran is the only country in the world where selling an organ for a profit is legal. ● Usually sellers earn about $1,000 to $2,000 for a kidney.
  • 12. A popular urban legend warns against getting drunk with strangers in Las Vegas, lest you awaken in an ice bath, missing a kidney. (cf. Made To Stick)
  • 13. Opinion poll ● How much does a heart cost in Taiwan ? ● How much for a liver in China ? ● A lung in South Africa ?
  • 14. → Heart from Taiwan = $290,000 = €225,000 → Liver from China = $130,000 = €100,000 → Lung from South Africa = $290,000 = €225,000
  • 15. Debate ● What do you think about organ trade ? (shocked ? taboo subject ? …) ● Would you be willing to buy an organ to save your life ? (in spite of the exorbitant price, ethical issue...)
  • 16. What could be the solutions to avoid the organ trade ? (international law more rigorous ? By developing awareness about organ donation ? …) ● Would you be willing to donate one of your organs ?
  • 17. Thank you Alice & Marie