2. WHAT IS ORGAN DONATION
• Organ donation is the process of removing
tissues or organs from a live, or recently
dead, person to be used in another.
• The former is the donor and the latter is
the recipient. People of all ages can
donate organs to any person.
3. WHY ORGAN DONATION ?
• Organ and tissue donation is a way to
help others, after your death by allowing
organs or tissues to be taken from your
body and transplanted in someone else’s
body.
4. Brain Death
Brain death is the irreversible and permanent end of
all brain functions.
Such persons are kept on artificial support
(ventilators) to maintain oxygenation of organs so
that the organs are in healthy condition until they are
removed. Most cases of brain death are the end
result of head injuries or brain tumor patients from
Intensive care units.
Organ Donation
It is possible to donate all organs in the case of Brain death.
5. Cardiac Death
When a person suffers a Cardiac death, the heart
stops beating. Due to the lack of circulation of
blood the vital organs quickly become unusable for
transplantation. However, if the person is on a
ventilator and if it is medically clear that the person
cannot survive, then the family can consider Organ
donation for certain vital organs.
www.gathr2share.org
Organ Donation
Such donations typically take place in the operating room.
6. MEDICAL REQUIREMENTS
• Any healthy person of any age group
willing to donate organs can become a
donor. • Cancer and HIV exclude people
from donating organs.
7. SYSTEMS OF ORGAN
DONATION
• Voluntary Donation Almost everywhere
organ donation is voluntary. Two voluntary
systems include –
• 1.Opt In - Where the donor gives consent
2.Opt Out - Where anyone who has not
refused is considered as a donor.
• In India we have the Opt in system, while
many western countries practice the opt
out system
8. ORGANS FOR DONATION
• Some of the organs that are
commonly donated - • Kidneys • Eyes
(cornea) • Heart • Lungs • Liver •
Pancreas • Skin
• Different organs such as heart, liver,
kidneys, lung, Pancreas and tissues such
as corneas and bone marrow can now be
successfully transplanted into patients,
who can then expect to survive for years
or even decades.
9. WHEN ARE ORGANS
DONATED ?
• Some organs can be donated by a living
person.
• Almost all organs can be donated by
someone dead but this has to reach the
recipient within a few hours after the
donor's death.
• In case of live donation the donor should
give his consent .
• In case of cadaver donation, relatives
need to provide consent.
10. Cadaver/ Deceased Donations
This kind of donation involves taking organs from a
person who has just died. But organ can be taken
only if the deceased person registered his/her wish
for the donation or his first degree relatives give
their consent.
In deceased donations, organs to be donated
depends on the type of death.
Death is of two main types: Brain
Death and Cardiac/ Natural Death.
Organ Donation
11. CADAVER TRANSPLANT
• Cadaver transplant is the
method of donating organs of a
brain death person to other
patients.
• Organ transplantation of
hithendran is the one of the best
example of cadaver
transplantation.
• ‘Hithendran effect’ sets
people thinking
Drs. S. Ashokan and Pushpanjali with their children A.P.
Hithendran and A.P. Lakshman
12. ORGAN DONATION PROCESS
• Organ donation always occur in a
hospital, after death has been declared
and the family has given constent.
• If you are willing to donate organs ,visit
your nearby hospital and fill in the donor
form .
13. ORGANS SHORTAGE
REASONS
• Family consent, and negative attitude
contribute towards organ shortage.
• This could be due to the following reasons
- Religion
• Fear and ignorance and
misunderstanding •Legal aspects .
• Media reports on scandals involving
organ rackets
14. HOW TO IMPROVE ORGAN
DONATION ?
• Currently organ donation is improved due
to the following reasons
• Increased HLA typing and cross-matching
facilities.
• Improved facilities in packing,transport
and retrieval of organs.
• Supporting organization for networking
and registry maintenance.
15. ROLE OF SOCIETY
• Society plays a greater role in
transplantation programmes such as
cadaver transplants.
• Increased public awareness and efforts
must be taken for the cause of organ
donation.
16. THE UGLY SIDE OF HEALTH CARE IN INDIA
• 1,50,000 people in India are waiting for a kidney transplant
• Only 3,000 of them receive kidney .
• Only 1 out of 30 people who need a kidney receives one.
• 90% of people in the waiting list die without getting an organ.
• 3,100 end stage kidney disease patients are registered with the
ZTCC (ZONAL TRANSPLANT CO ORDINATION CENTRE)to receive a
kidney.
• In India, more than 2 lakh new cases of end-stage kidney disease
are present each year.
• Only 70% manage to get access to dialysis,
• India has close to 1200 nephrologists practising across the
country.
• There are 2,500 dialysis centres. 20,000 dialysis machines,
predominantly in the private sector (90%) and mainly
concentrated in cities, especially metros.
• There are around 65,000 patients undergoing hemodialysis at
these centres.
• Cost of kidney transplantation: Rs 4-6 lakh
• A kidney recipient has to spend Rs 12-15,000 on post-operative
care for six months; life-long medication costs Rs 10,000 every
month.
17. Illegal kidney racket
• Organ transplant trafficking is one of the
fastest, but least reported crimes in India.
• It is estimated that across the globe, roughly
100,000 illegal kidney transplants alone take
place.
• The genesis of the kidney racket stems from a
huge mismatch between the demand and
supply for kidneys in the country and a
loophole in the law, which is often misused by
these scamsters.
• The World Health Organisation (WHO)
estimates around 2,000 Indians sell a kidney
every year.
18. Why should I become an Organ
Donor?
• In India, there are over 150,000 people
currently in need of kidney transplants.
• Each year, thousands of people die while
waiting for a transplant, because no
suitable donor can be found for them.
19. What organs and tissues can be
donated and upto what age
• Corneas, skin : Upto 100 years
• Kidneys, liver : Upto 70 years
• Heart, lungs : Upto 50 years
• Heart valves : Upto 40 years
20. Who can be organ donors?
• You may pledge to donate your organs by
signing and carrying a Donor Card (available
on MOHAN Foundation website).
• It's also important to tell your family that you
want to be a donor.
• The Transplantation of Human Organs Act
(1994) and its Amendment (2011) allows the
donation of organ and tissues for therapeutic
purpose only.
• The Form 5 of the THO Rules 1995 is the
donor card. And Forms 6 and/or 9 are consent
forms that the next of kin has to sign before
organs/tissues can be retrieved.
21. What is the value of carrying a donor card when
the decision to donate rests with the family after
my death?
• Donor card works as a bridge of communication -
otherwise do you think anyone would discuss organ
donation in their drawing room or with next of kin
• Donor card serves as an emergency card in the wallet
• It make you an advocate for the cause
• It is partly a legal document and if the doctor finds one
in your purse - they will not hesitate in approaching the
family
• Taking consent from next of kin is to ensure safety of
the donor - more so with all the corruption sometimes
you may have in the system
22. If the hospital knows that I have pledged my
organs, will it adversely affect my treatment?
• Doctors will only focus on saving your life — not
somebody else's. You'll be seen by a doctor
whose specialty most closely matches your
illness.
• Whether you have pledged to donate your
organs or not, there will be no difference in the
medical treatment given to you.
• Organ donation can only occur after brain death
has been declared by physicians who are not in
any way connected with organ retrieval or the
transplant teams.
• The doctor in charge of your care has nothing to
do with transplantation.
23. Will my family have to pay for the
donation?
• No! The family of an organ or tissue donor
is never responsible for costs related to
donation. Your family will be only charged
for the cost of all final efforts to save your
life.
24. Can I sell my organs?
• No. The Transplantation of Human Organs
Act makes it ILLEGAL to buy or sell
human organs and tissues.
• Violators are subject to fines and
imprisonment
• You may feel that selling an organ is your
only option and that after selling your
organ yours debts will be settled and you
can start afresh. But studies have shown
that those who have sold their organs in
exchange of money to lessen their debt
have not done well at all.
25. How do we know that the doctor
advising the transplant is right?
• These are a few of the main principles all
doctors follow:
• The health of a patient is the first
consideration
• The transplantation and/or organ
donation is done with conscience and
dignity
• Considerations of religion, nationality,
race, party politics or social standing
will not intervene between duty and
patient
• To respect patient confidentiality
26. You must have been donating food, money, shelter
etc. during your life time. Organ donation gives
you the chance to enhance that spirit by recycling
yourself even after death.
Organ Donation
27. Give life to others
once you are no more
Organ Donation
