Protein Synthesis

By Nathan Lingenfelter
In Transcription, RNA polymerase unwinds a
small portion of the DNA. Then, mRNA matches
the bases of the DNA. The mRNA breaks away
from the DNA and passes through the nuclear
pores to get to the ribosomes.
Promoter
Operator   DNA Strand




            Thymine
            Adenine
            Guanine
            Cytosine
Promoter
Operator   DNA Strand




                        Thymine
                        Adenine
                        Guanine
                        Cytosine
Promoter
Operator   DNA Strand




                        Thymine
                        Adenine
                        Guanine
                        Cytosine
Promoter
Operator   DNA Strand




                        Thymine
                        Adenine
                        Guanine
                        Cytosine
Promoter
Operator   DNA Strand




                        Thymine
                        Adenine
                        Guanine
                        Cytosine
Promoter
Operator   DNA Strand




                        Thymine
                        Adenine
                        Guanine
                        Cytosine
Promoter
Operator   DNA Strand




                        Thymine
                        Adenine
                        Guanine
                        Cytosine
Promoter
Operator   DNA Strand




                        Thymine
                        Adenine
                        Guanine
                        Cytosine
Promoter
Operator   DNA Strand




                        Thymine
                        Adenine
                        Guanine
                        Cytosine
Promoter
Operator   DNA Strand




                        Thymine
                        Adenine
                        Guanine
                        Cytosine
Promoter
Operator   DNA Strand




                        Thymine
                        Adenine
                        Guanine
                        Cytosine
Promoter
Operator   DNA Strand




             Coding Region      Termination
                                Sequence

                             Thymine
                             Adenine
                             Guanine
                             Cytosine
Uracil
         DNA Strand




           Coding Region      Termination
                              Sequence

                           Thymine
                           Adenine
                           Guanine
                           Cytosine
Uracil                Thymine
         DNA Strand   Adenine
                      Guanine
                      Cytosine
Uracil       Thymine
DNA Strand   Adenine
             Guanine
             Cytosine
Uracil   Thymine
DNA Strand            Adenine
                      Guanine
                      Cytosine
Uracil
DNA Strand   Adenine
             Guanine
             Cytosine
Uracil
DNA Strand   Adenine
             Guanine
             Cytosine




    mRNA
Cytoplasm
Cytoplasm
through nuclear pore




         Cytoplasm
Cytoplasm
Cytoplasm
mRNA




In Translation, the mRNA comes in contact with the
ribosomes. The ribosome then reads the mRNA and
translates it. Then, tRNA anticodons are created for
each codon. These anticodons code for a specific
amino acid. The tRNA finds the correct amino acid
and all the amino acids are strung together to form a
protein.
mRNA
mRNA
mRNA
mRNA
mRNA
mRNA
mRNA
mRNA
mRNA
mRNA
mRNA
mRNA
mRNA
mRNA
mRNA
mRNA
mRNA
mRNA
mRNA
mRNA
mRNA
mRNA
mRNA
mRNA
mRNA
mRNA
mRNA
mRNA
mRNA
mRNA
mRNA
mRNA
mRNA
mRNA
mRNA
mRNA
mRNA
mRNA
mRNA
mRNA
mRNA
mRNA
mRNA
mRNA
mRNA
mRNA
mRNA
mRNA
mRNA
mRNA




Peptide Bond
mRNA




Peptide Bond
mRNA




Peptide Bond
mRNA




Peptide Bond
mRNA




Peptide Bond          tRNA (anticodon)
mRNA




Peptide Bond          tRNA (anticodon)
mRNA




Peptide Bond          tRNA (anticodon)
mRNA




Peptide Bond          tRNA (anticodon)
mRNA




Peptide Bond    Amino acid   tRNA (anticodon)
mRNA




Peptide Bond    Amino acid   tRNA (anticodon)
mRNA




Methionine (start)
mRNA




Methionine (start)          Stop
mRNA
mRNA
Completed Protein

Protein synthesis flipbook