Naresh Singh, Former Executive Director of the Commission on Legal Empowerment of the Poor
16th September 2008, International Food Policy Research Institute, Washington D.C.
Network Bargaining and Bolivian Water Privatizationjordanycan
The document discusses network bargaining and water privatization in Bolivia. It analyzes the actors involved including the Bolivian government, water consumers, multinational corporations like Bechtel and International Water Ltd., multilateral organizations like the IMF and World Bank, and NGOs. It describes how the Bolivian government privatized the water system to Aguas del Tunari under pressure from international actors. This led to massive water tariff increases and civil disobedience by 2000 organized by the Coordinadora de Defensa del Agua y de la Vida NGO, culminating in the termination of the water contract.
Cyber law & Intellectual property issuesatuljaybhaye
This document discusses cyber law and intellectual property issues from the Indian perspective. It begins by defining cyber law and explaining the need for cyber law due to the disadvantages of increased internet accessibility and rampant cyber crimes. It then discusses the history and scope of the Information Technology Act of 2000 in India, which was enacted to respond to UN recommendations on electronic transactions and governance. The document also covers the different types of intellectual property, forms of copyright and trademark infringement online, and landmark cases related to domains and trademarks. It concludes by suggesting areas where Indian cyber law could be strengthened.
(1) The document analyzes access to justice for Indonesian women working as domestic migrant workers in the UAE.
(2) It finds that justice is constrained due to the absence of specific laws protecting domestic workers, their lack of legal knowledge and identity, and lack of access to legal aid.
(3) The women are situated within complex power dynamics as they interact with family members, brokers, government agencies, employers and host societies in both Indonesia and the UAE.
Land rights are critical for development and can provide economic security, incentives to protect the environment, and increased social status, especially for women.
This document provides an update on ongoing work by IFPRI and S4AC in Africa. It discusses new country trends and indicators being added to 2014, including input and output indicators. New tools are being developed including a portal with RUFORUM on higher education capacities and an agency directory. The document also discusses analyzing the health and efficiency of agricultural research systems to understand strong/weak areas and the potential impact of increased investment. Finally, it mentions a new impact project to develop advocacy around ASTI's data and analysis to increase agricultural research funding.
Network Bargaining and Bolivian Water Privatizationjordanycan
The document discusses network bargaining and water privatization in Bolivia. It analyzes the actors involved including the Bolivian government, water consumers, multinational corporations like Bechtel and International Water Ltd., multilateral organizations like the IMF and World Bank, and NGOs. It describes how the Bolivian government privatized the water system to Aguas del Tunari under pressure from international actors. This led to massive water tariff increases and civil disobedience by 2000 organized by the Coordinadora de Defensa del Agua y de la Vida NGO, culminating in the termination of the water contract.
Cyber law & Intellectual property issuesatuljaybhaye
This document discusses cyber law and intellectual property issues from the Indian perspective. It begins by defining cyber law and explaining the need for cyber law due to the disadvantages of increased internet accessibility and rampant cyber crimes. It then discusses the history and scope of the Information Technology Act of 2000 in India, which was enacted to respond to UN recommendations on electronic transactions and governance. The document also covers the different types of intellectual property, forms of copyright and trademark infringement online, and landmark cases related to domains and trademarks. It concludes by suggesting areas where Indian cyber law could be strengthened.
(1) The document analyzes access to justice for Indonesian women working as domestic migrant workers in the UAE.
(2) It finds that justice is constrained due to the absence of specific laws protecting domestic workers, their lack of legal knowledge and identity, and lack of access to legal aid.
(3) The women are situated within complex power dynamics as they interact with family members, brokers, government agencies, employers and host societies in both Indonesia and the UAE.
Land rights are critical for development and can provide economic security, incentives to protect the environment, and increased social status, especially for women.
This document provides an update on ongoing work by IFPRI and S4AC in Africa. It discusses new country trends and indicators being added to 2014, including input and output indicators. New tools are being developed including a portal with RUFORUM on higher education capacities and an agency directory. The document also discusses analyzing the health and efficiency of agricultural research systems to understand strong/weak areas and the potential impact of increased investment. Finally, it mentions a new impact project to develop advocacy around ASTI's data and analysis to increase agricultural research funding.
This document summarizes domestic agricultural support notifications by the European Union from 1995 to 2013. It includes:
1) Figures and tables showing past notifications of domestic support in the EU from 1995-2004, including projections to 2013, with a focus on Aggregate Measure of Support (AMS) and its limits.
2) An analysis of the impact of EU enlargement on notified AMS levels.
3) Tables outlining the main provisions for reducing trade-distorting domestic support according to the draft WTO modalities from 2008, and how they would apply to capping the EU's support.
4) Projections of EU notifications from 2007-2013 compared to the proposed new limits.
The document discusses goals and targets related to ending poverty and hunger according to the UN's Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). It provides data and analysis on Egypt's progress towards SDG Target 1.1 on eradicating extreme poverty, Target 1.2 on reducing national poverty rates, and targets on malnutrition under SDG 2. The document summarizes Egypt's poverty rates over time, measures of multidimensional poverty, and differences in poverty across governorates. It also presents options for improving measurement of poverty progress through new data sources.
Sohail Jehangir Malik, Chairman, Innovative Development Strategies (Pvt.) Ltd
12th August, International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI), Washington D.C.
The document discusses the JRC's farm household modeling tool (FSSIM-Dev) that can assess the economic impacts of agricultural and food security policies on farm productivity, income, poverty levels in Sub-Saharan Africa. The model has been used to analyze policies in several countries, including impacts of improved seeds/fertilizer in Ethiopia, a land consolidation program in Rwanda, and a small irrigation program in Niger. The goal is to support policymakers in the EU and partner countries in designing effective measures to improve food security and alleviate rural poverty.
This document analyzes trends and drivers of malnutrition at the subnational level across 15 Sub-Saharan African countries. It finds that while some areas have reduced stunting rates by over 10 percentage points since 2000, few have done so. It also examines the spatial distribution of key stunting drivers like poverty, lack of mother's education, poor food consumption, large family size, and finds that making sufficient progress to meet 2025 and 2030 goals will require reducing stunting rates much more quickly, especially in hard hit areas.
Presented by Dr. Hans Komakech, Nelson Mandela University-AIST, at the workshop on “New Directions for Irrigation Development in Tanzania: The Context of Public Private Partnership”, September 2, 2016.
This document discusses two tenders from the Geodata for Agriculture and Water (G4AW) program. The G4AW program aims to provide satellite data and information to over 3 million food producers to improve food security. It focuses on proven techniques to speed up scaling and supports innovative concepts like "Agriculture 2.0". The 14 projects funded under G4AW partnerships between public and private organizations to provide decision support systems and financial/insurance products to farmers based on satellite and other data. They aim to improve sustainable food production and economic outcomes for farmers. Key elements of successful projects include tackling well-defined problems, providing services as part of integrated portfolios, embedding in local contexts, building on existing delivery mechanisms, and
Regional disparities in China have evolved significantly since the 1950s across three dimensions: overall, rural-urban, and inland-coastal. China's development strategies and economic policies, such as the focus on heavy industry in the 1950s, rural reforms in the late 1970s, and the opening up of coastal regions in the 1980s have impacted the level and nature of these disparities over time. Decentralization has also played a role by tying local government revenues more closely to performance but reducing inter-regional transfers. More recent policies like the Go West strategy have aimed to reduce disparities but uneven fiscal burdens remain a challenge.
THE CALLS FOR strong leadership in the fight against global and national malnutrition have multiplied during the past decade. The role of nutrition champions in advocating for nutrition, formulating policies, and coordinating and implementing action in nutrition have increasingly been recognized in such countries as Peru, Brazil, Thailand, and the Indian states of Tamil Nadu and Maharashtra. Global initiatives such as the Scaling Up Nutrition (SUN) Movement, the African Nutrition Leadership Programme, and the European Nutrition Leadership Platform have invested in building up capacity for leadership among national governments, civil society, and the private sector. The World Public Health Nutrition Association’s guide on competencies needed to build up the workforce in global public health nutrition identified leadership as key. More widely, leadership within the field of public health has been highlighted as key to moving child or maternal health higher up on the global agenda and tackling critical issues such as HIV and AIDS at the national and community levels.
SEVERE ACUTE MALNUTRITION (SAM)—extremely low weight for one’s height—is a life-threatening condition affecting mostly children under five years of age. It is caused by a combination of infection, such as diarrheal disease, and poor diets that are inadequate for nutritional needs. SAM is one of the top three nutrition-related causes of death in children under five according to the 2008 Maternal and Child Nutrition Lancet Series. A child with SAM is 11 times more likely to die than a well-nourished child. Despite the size of the problem, until the early 2000s SAM appeared to be a so-called neglected disease: little support went to large-scale treatment programs targeted toward children with SAM. Few countries-even among those with a high prevalence of malnutrition-had a clear national policy for detecting and treating SAM children.10 The development and adoption of a new approach-the community-based management of acute malnutrition (CMAM)-was to change the public health nutrition landscape by bringing treatment out of hospitals and into the community
This document summarizes key information on improving nutrition over the past 50 years, including paradigms in international nutrition from the 1950s to present. It discusses lessons learned from community nutrition programming case studies in countries like Bangladesh, as well as the importance of infant and young child feeding best practices. The document also examines approaches to tackling micronutrient deficiencies through interventions like salt iodization in China and micronutrient powders in Mongolia. Finally, it outlines the community-based management of acute malnutrition model and case studies of its implementation in countries such as Malawi.
Corruption in private Sector- Infosys's exampleAkash Tyagi
How Infosys stood against corruption in India and its stand in current times. Also, we analyze the political and corporate business system and how things work in India. Also we analyze the root causes of Corruption.
The mission is to secure, enforceable rights, within an enabling environment that expands business opportunity, entrepreneurship and access to justice to the poor...
The document discusses strategies for legally empowering the poor in Ethiopia. It examines issues around access to justice, labor rights, property rights, and entrepreneurship. It also analyzes challenges such as informal sectors, customary vs statutory systems, and central vs decentralized control of resources. The goal is to develop a rights-based approach and strategic plans to address these issues and secure enforceable rights and business opportunities for the poor.
This presentation describes objective and contents of the Human Rights and Business Country Risk Portal, a free website that helps companies identify, assess and address human rights risks in the countries where they operate.
The Country Risk Portal will be launched at CountryRiskPortal.org on 1 Dec., 2010.
Joan Timeche presents "Beyond Casinos: Understanding the Business Climate on Indian Lands" at the free business journalism workshop, "Covering Business on Tribal Lands," hosted by the Donald W. Reynolds National Center for Business Journalism and the Native American Journalists Association.
For more information about free training for business journalists, please visit businessjournalism.org.
This document discusses corporate citizenship and the social responsibilities of organizations. It provides reasons for organizations to engage with global issues, such as globalization and the power of multinational corporations. The document also examines different approaches to social responsibility and ways that organizations can institutionalize good corporate citizenship through practices at the individual, firm, and industry level. It addresses challenges like ensuring core values align with serving the common good and developing social audits to measure performance.
This document presents a conceptual framework for analyzing collective action through a gender lens. It defines key concepts like collective action, gender, and an analytical framework. The framework examines how the context, action arena (including actors, action resources, rules, bargaining power, and motivation), and outcomes can be analyzed through a gendered approach. It provides examples of questions to ask about how gender may influence motivations for collective action, group effectiveness, and impacts on gender relations. The goal is to help identify entry points for supporting gender equitable collective action.
Presentation of paper: Realizing Socio-Economic Rights Under Emerging Global Regulatory Frameworks: The Potential Impact of Privatisation and the Role of Companies in China and India
This document summarizes domestic agricultural support notifications by the European Union from 1995 to 2013. It includes:
1) Figures and tables showing past notifications of domestic support in the EU from 1995-2004, including projections to 2013, with a focus on Aggregate Measure of Support (AMS) and its limits.
2) An analysis of the impact of EU enlargement on notified AMS levels.
3) Tables outlining the main provisions for reducing trade-distorting domestic support according to the draft WTO modalities from 2008, and how they would apply to capping the EU's support.
4) Projections of EU notifications from 2007-2013 compared to the proposed new limits.
The document discusses goals and targets related to ending poverty and hunger according to the UN's Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). It provides data and analysis on Egypt's progress towards SDG Target 1.1 on eradicating extreme poverty, Target 1.2 on reducing national poverty rates, and targets on malnutrition under SDG 2. The document summarizes Egypt's poverty rates over time, measures of multidimensional poverty, and differences in poverty across governorates. It also presents options for improving measurement of poverty progress through new data sources.
Sohail Jehangir Malik, Chairman, Innovative Development Strategies (Pvt.) Ltd
12th August, International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI), Washington D.C.
The document discusses the JRC's farm household modeling tool (FSSIM-Dev) that can assess the economic impacts of agricultural and food security policies on farm productivity, income, poverty levels in Sub-Saharan Africa. The model has been used to analyze policies in several countries, including impacts of improved seeds/fertilizer in Ethiopia, a land consolidation program in Rwanda, and a small irrigation program in Niger. The goal is to support policymakers in the EU and partner countries in designing effective measures to improve food security and alleviate rural poverty.
This document analyzes trends and drivers of malnutrition at the subnational level across 15 Sub-Saharan African countries. It finds that while some areas have reduced stunting rates by over 10 percentage points since 2000, few have done so. It also examines the spatial distribution of key stunting drivers like poverty, lack of mother's education, poor food consumption, large family size, and finds that making sufficient progress to meet 2025 and 2030 goals will require reducing stunting rates much more quickly, especially in hard hit areas.
Presented by Dr. Hans Komakech, Nelson Mandela University-AIST, at the workshop on “New Directions for Irrigation Development in Tanzania: The Context of Public Private Partnership”, September 2, 2016.
This document discusses two tenders from the Geodata for Agriculture and Water (G4AW) program. The G4AW program aims to provide satellite data and information to over 3 million food producers to improve food security. It focuses on proven techniques to speed up scaling and supports innovative concepts like "Agriculture 2.0". The 14 projects funded under G4AW partnerships between public and private organizations to provide decision support systems and financial/insurance products to farmers based on satellite and other data. They aim to improve sustainable food production and economic outcomes for farmers. Key elements of successful projects include tackling well-defined problems, providing services as part of integrated portfolios, embedding in local contexts, building on existing delivery mechanisms, and
Regional disparities in China have evolved significantly since the 1950s across three dimensions: overall, rural-urban, and inland-coastal. China's development strategies and economic policies, such as the focus on heavy industry in the 1950s, rural reforms in the late 1970s, and the opening up of coastal regions in the 1980s have impacted the level and nature of these disparities over time. Decentralization has also played a role by tying local government revenues more closely to performance but reducing inter-regional transfers. More recent policies like the Go West strategy have aimed to reduce disparities but uneven fiscal burdens remain a challenge.
THE CALLS FOR strong leadership in the fight against global and national malnutrition have multiplied during the past decade. The role of nutrition champions in advocating for nutrition, formulating policies, and coordinating and implementing action in nutrition have increasingly been recognized in such countries as Peru, Brazil, Thailand, and the Indian states of Tamil Nadu and Maharashtra. Global initiatives such as the Scaling Up Nutrition (SUN) Movement, the African Nutrition Leadership Programme, and the European Nutrition Leadership Platform have invested in building up capacity for leadership among national governments, civil society, and the private sector. The World Public Health Nutrition Association’s guide on competencies needed to build up the workforce in global public health nutrition identified leadership as key. More widely, leadership within the field of public health has been highlighted as key to moving child or maternal health higher up on the global agenda and tackling critical issues such as HIV and AIDS at the national and community levels.
SEVERE ACUTE MALNUTRITION (SAM)—extremely low weight for one’s height—is a life-threatening condition affecting mostly children under five years of age. It is caused by a combination of infection, such as diarrheal disease, and poor diets that are inadequate for nutritional needs. SAM is one of the top three nutrition-related causes of death in children under five according to the 2008 Maternal and Child Nutrition Lancet Series. A child with SAM is 11 times more likely to die than a well-nourished child. Despite the size of the problem, until the early 2000s SAM appeared to be a so-called neglected disease: little support went to large-scale treatment programs targeted toward children with SAM. Few countries-even among those with a high prevalence of malnutrition-had a clear national policy for detecting and treating SAM children.10 The development and adoption of a new approach-the community-based management of acute malnutrition (CMAM)-was to change the public health nutrition landscape by bringing treatment out of hospitals and into the community
This document summarizes key information on improving nutrition over the past 50 years, including paradigms in international nutrition from the 1950s to present. It discusses lessons learned from community nutrition programming case studies in countries like Bangladesh, as well as the importance of infant and young child feeding best practices. The document also examines approaches to tackling micronutrient deficiencies through interventions like salt iodization in China and micronutrient powders in Mongolia. Finally, it outlines the community-based management of acute malnutrition model and case studies of its implementation in countries such as Malawi.
Corruption in private Sector- Infosys's exampleAkash Tyagi
How Infosys stood against corruption in India and its stand in current times. Also, we analyze the political and corporate business system and how things work in India. Also we analyze the root causes of Corruption.
The mission is to secure, enforceable rights, within an enabling environment that expands business opportunity, entrepreneurship and access to justice to the poor...
The document discusses strategies for legally empowering the poor in Ethiopia. It examines issues around access to justice, labor rights, property rights, and entrepreneurship. It also analyzes challenges such as informal sectors, customary vs statutory systems, and central vs decentralized control of resources. The goal is to develop a rights-based approach and strategic plans to address these issues and secure enforceable rights and business opportunities for the poor.
This presentation describes objective and contents of the Human Rights and Business Country Risk Portal, a free website that helps companies identify, assess and address human rights risks in the countries where they operate.
The Country Risk Portal will be launched at CountryRiskPortal.org on 1 Dec., 2010.
Joan Timeche presents "Beyond Casinos: Understanding the Business Climate on Indian Lands" at the free business journalism workshop, "Covering Business on Tribal Lands," hosted by the Donald W. Reynolds National Center for Business Journalism and the Native American Journalists Association.
For more information about free training for business journalists, please visit businessjournalism.org.
This document discusses corporate citizenship and the social responsibilities of organizations. It provides reasons for organizations to engage with global issues, such as globalization and the power of multinational corporations. The document also examines different approaches to social responsibility and ways that organizations can institutionalize good corporate citizenship through practices at the individual, firm, and industry level. It addresses challenges like ensuring core values align with serving the common good and developing social audits to measure performance.
This document presents a conceptual framework for analyzing collective action through a gender lens. It defines key concepts like collective action, gender, and an analytical framework. The framework examines how the context, action arena (including actors, action resources, rules, bargaining power, and motivation), and outcomes can be analyzed through a gendered approach. It provides examples of questions to ask about how gender may influence motivations for collective action, group effectiveness, and impacts on gender relations. The goal is to help identify entry points for supporting gender equitable collective action.
Presentation of paper: Realizing Socio-Economic Rights Under Emerging Global Regulatory Frameworks: The Potential Impact of Privatisation and the Role of Companies in China and India
CRY (Child Relief and You), now called Child Rights and You, is a non-profit organization that was founded in 1979 with 50 rupees by 7 friends who wanted to improve conditions for underprivileged children in India. Over three decades, CRY has worked across 23 states in India and helped millions of children by addressing the root causes of issues like lack of education, exploitation, and vulnerability. CRY's vision is to build a society with dignity, justice and equality where all children can grow up happy, healthy and able to reach their full potential.
Urban women face significant economic and social constraints due to their limited ability to access, own and control property, including immovable property (e.g., land, structures), movable property (e.g., business equipment, personal possessions), and financial assets (e.g., cash, financial accounts). Insecure property rights make women more vulnerable and less economically, politically and socially empowered; inhibit them from improving their families’ health and well-being; and prevent them from fully contributing to the sustainability and economic growth of their cities. With increasing numbers of women living in cities, especially vulnerable groups like migrants and the elderly, women’s insecurity of property rights in the urban context is rapidly growing in urgency.
Human rights are basic rights that allow individuals freedom and dignity. They exist to protect ordinary citizens from powerful entities. Rights first emerged in response to atrocities in World War 2 and are outlined in the widely accepted 1948 Universal Declaration of Human Rights. The UDHR protects rights like life, liberty, security, recognition under the law, education, health, and freedom from slavery and torture. Upholding human rights is important for businesses to navigate social and environmental challenges in the future as resources become more constrained. Respecting human rights requires more than just legal compliance and can help guide responsible business practices.
Copyright and Knowledge Expansion: Dan Duncan of The McGraw-Hill Companiessiiapublicpolicy
Dan Duncan, Sr. Director, Government Affairs at The McGraw-Hill Companies discusses Copyright and Knowledge Expansion at the Trans-Pacific Partnership Stakeholder Presentation in Leesburg, VA on Sept. 9, 2012.
Legal Tools for Worker Cooperatives and the Sharing EconomyRicardo Nuñez
Legal professionals, accountants, and community development organizations were invited to a two-day workshop on legal structures and strategies for cooperative development and sustainable local economies. This workshop had a special emphasis on worker cooperatives, freelancer-owned cooperatives, land trusts, and alternative capital structures.
On the first day, attendees learned about ownership and governance structures being used in the wake of the Great Recession to create a more inclusive economy, including land trusts and housing cooperatives, as well as new financing vehicles that leverage community capital.
The second day focused on worker cooperatives and freelancer-owned cooperatives, including entity structure, bylaws and operating agreements, ownership transitions to worker cooperatives, nonprofit incubation of worker cooperatives, employment law, tax structures and more.
Lawyers were offered 1 Ethics Credit and 5.5 Professional Practice Credits on Day 1 and 7 Professional Practice credits on Day 2 for the State of New York.
Presenters included:
Janelle Orsi, Executive Director of Sustainable Economies Law Center (SELC) and author of Practicing Law in the Sharing Economy: Helping People Build Cooperatives, Social Enterprise, and Local Sustainable Economies (ABA Books 2012).
Ted De Barbieri, Assistant Professor of Clinical Law at Brooklyn Law School
Camille Kerr, Director of Field Building at the Democracy at Work Institute (DAWI)
Ricardo Nunez, Cooperatives Program Director at SELC
The event was held Feb 4th and 5th, 2015 from 9am-5pm both days at Brooklyn Law School (205 State St.Brooklyn, NY 11201)
The Webster’s dictionary defines “lobby” to mean “a group of persons who conduct a campaign to influence members of a legislature to vote according to the group’s special interest”.
Going by the definition, lobbying is probably as old as democracy itself.
The presentation is a discussion on if it should be legalized in India.
This document summarizes key topics in international business ethics, including:
1) The field of business ethics approaches issues from both normative and descriptive perspectives.
2) Globalization has increased interest in business ethics due to issues like outsourcing and supply chain management.
3) Multinational companies face challenges in determining ethical standards when home and host country standards differ. Guidelines focus on respecting human rights, welfare, and justice.
4) Other issues discussed include exploiting workers through low wages, foreign bribery, and addressing cultural differences in business practices.
Indigenous Peoples’ Rights and the Role of Free, Prior and Informed ConsentDr Lendy Spires
Historically, companies have faced significant challenges when managing their relationships with indigenous peoples. As businesses operate in increasingly remote areas, their ability to act in a manner respectful of the rights of indigenous peoples will only grow in importance. Indeed, companies face particularly acute challenges when operating on or near traditional indigenous lands. This is in part because indigenous peoples are particularly vulnerable to the impacts of commercial developments. Moreover, indigenous peoples enjoy special international rights, above and beyond those that apply to other communities.
To respect these rights, companies must update their policies and procedures, and grapple with a new paradigm for engagement. The right of indigenous peoples to give or withhold free, prior, and informed consent for the use of their lands, resources, traditional knowledge, or intellectual property (“FPIC”) is one of these special protections for indigenous peoples. It is a recent development in international law that has rapidly gained widespread support, although it is not always effectively implemented in national law or practice. Companies wishing to respect this right should build upon their existing consultation processes so that they can demonstrate that they obtained consent for their activities.
Yet obtaining FPIC in a “check-the-box” manner is not sufficient to ensure that the company respects the rights of indigenous peoples. This is because FPIC is not an end in of itself, but rather a process that in turn protects a broad spectrum of internationally recognized human rights. This Good Practice Note provides background on the history of FPIC, without taking a definitive viewpoint on its legal status. Indeed, FPIC is relevant to business regardless of its precise legal status since lenders, indigenous peoples, civil society, and other stakeholders increasingly expect companies to obtain consent. The Good Practice Note also explores the business case for obtaining FPIC and the challenges that are likely to arise in the process; outlines current company good practices to obtain FPIC; and discusses emerging practices that not only support FPIC but also long-term benefits for affected indigenous communities.
A wide ranging review of ESG issues in the extractive industries, though none dealt with by the authors in the depth needed to (literally) do the topics justice. Well worth a read nevertheless to get a perspective and a flavour of the themes involved.
The Law Society is the professional body representing over 130,000 solicitors in England and Wales. It aims to promote and protect the interests of solicitors through lobbying, training, and providing services and resources to members. The Society also works to develop international legal markets and networks. Recent developments include establishing independent boards to regulate the profession and handle complaints, allowing the Society to better serve its members.
Similar to Property Rights, Productivity and Poverty (20)
These set of slides were presented at the BEP Seminar "Targeting in Development Projects: Approaches, challenges, and lessons learned" held last Oct. 2, 2023 in Cairo, Egypt
Caitlin Welsh
POLICY SEMINAR
Food System Repercussions of the Russia-Ukraine War
2023 Borlaug Dialogue Breakout session
Co-organized by IFPRI and CGIAR
OCT 26, 2023 - 1:10 TO 2:10PM EDT
Joseph Glauber
POLICY SEMINAR
Food System Repercussions of the Russia-Ukraine War
2023 Borlaug Dialogue Breakout session
Co-organized by IFPRI and CGIAR
OCT 26, 2023 - 1:10 TO 2:10PM EDT
Antonina Broyaka
POLICY SEMINAR
Food System Repercussions of the Russia-Ukraine War
2023 Borlaug Dialogue Breakout session
Co-organized by IFPRI and CGIAR
OCT 26, 2023 - 1:10 TO 2:10PM EDT
Bofana, Jose. 2023. Mapping cropland extent over a complex landscape: An assessment of the best approaches across the Zambezi River basin. PowerPoint presentation given during the Project Inception Workshop, VIP Grand Hotel, Maputo, Mozambique, April 20, 2023
Mananze, Sosdito. 2023. Examples of remote sensing application in agriculture monitoring. PowerPoint presentation given during the Project Inception Workshop, VIP Grand Hotel, Maputo, Mozambique, April 20, 2023
This document discusses using satellite data and crop modeling to forecast crop yields in Mozambique. It summarizes previous studies conducted in the US, Argentina, and Brazil to test a remote sensing crop growth and simulation model (RS-CGSM) for predicting corn and soybean yields. For Mozambique, additional data is needed on crop cultivars, management practices, planting and harvest seasons. It also describes using earth observation data and machine learning models to forecast crop yields and conditions across many countries as part of the GEOGLAM program, though this is currently only implemented in South Africa for Africa. Finally, it mentions a production efficiency model for estimating yield from satellite estimates of gross primary production.
International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI). 2023. Statistics from Space: Next-Generation Agricultural Production Information for Enhanced Monitoring of Food Security in Mozambique. PowerPoint presentation given during the Project Kickoff Meeting (virtual), January 12, 2023
International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI). 2023. Statistics from Space: Next-Generation Agricultural Production Information for Enhanced Monitoring of Food Security in Mozambique. Component 1. Stakeholder engagement for impacts. PowerPoint presentation given during the Project Inception Workshop, VIP Grand Hotel, Maputo, Mozambique, April 20, 2023
Centro de Estudos de Políticas e Programas Agroalimentares (CEPPAG). 2023. Statistics from Space: Next-Generation Agricultural Production Information for Enhanced Monitoring of Food Security in Mozambique. Component 3. Digital collection of groundtruthing data. PowerPoint presentation given during the Project Inception Workshop, VIP Grand Hotel, Maputo, Mozambique, April 20, 2023
ITC/University of Twente. 2023. Statistics from Space: Next-Generation Agricultural Production Information for Enhanced Monitoring of Food Security in Mozambique. Component 2. Enhanced area sampling frames. PowerPoint presentation given during the Project Inception Workshop, VIP Grand Hotel, Maputo, Mozambique, April 20, 2023
Christina Justice
IFPRI-AMIS SEMINAR SERIES
A Look at Global Rice Markets: Export Restrictions, El Niño, and Price Controls
Co-organized by IFPRI and Agricultural Market Information System (AMIS)
OCT 18, 2023 - 9:00 TO 10:30AM EDT
Rice is the most consumed cereal in Senegal, accounting for 34% of total cereal consumption. Per capita consumption is 80-90kg annually, though there is an urban-rural divide. While domestic production has doubled between 2010-2021, it still only meets 40% of demand. As a result, Senegal imports around 1 million tons annually, mainly from India and Thailand. Several public policies aim to incentivize domestic production and stabilize prices, though rice remains highly exposed to international price shocks due to its importance in consumption and reliance on imports.
Abdullah Mamun and Joseph Glauber
IFPRI-AMIS SEMINAR SERIES
A Look at Global Rice Markets: Export Restrictions, El Niño, and Price Controls
Co-organized by IFPRI and Agricultural Market Information System (AMIS)
OCT 18, 2023 - 9:00 TO 10:30AM EDT
Shirley Mustafa
IFPRI-AMIS SEMINAR SERIES
A Look at Global Rice Markets: Export Restrictions, El Niño, and Price Controls
Co-organized by IFPRI and Agricultural Market Information System (AMIS)
OCT 18, 2023 - 9:00 TO 10:30AM EDT
Joseph Glauber
IFPRI-AMIS SEMINAR SERIES
A Look at Global Rice Markets: Export Restrictions, El Niño, and Price Controls
Co-organized by IFPRI and Agricultural Market Information System (AMIS)
OCT 18, 2023 - 9:00 TO 10:30AM EDT
This document provides an overview of the Political Economy and Policy Analysis (PEPA) Sourcebook virtual book launch. It summarizes the purpose and features of the PEPA Sourcebook, which is a guide for generating evidence to inform national food, land, and water policies and strategies. The Sourcebook includes frameworks, analytical tools, case studies, and step-by-step guidance for conducting political economy and policy analysis. It aims to address the current fragmentation in approaches and lack of external validity by integrating different frameworks and methods into a single resource. The launch event highlighted example frameworks and case studies from the Sourcebook that focus on various policy domains like food and nutrition, land, and climate and ecology.
- Rice exports from Myanmar have exceeded 2 million tons per year since 2019-2020, except for 2020-2021 during the peak of the pandemic. Exports through seaports now account for around 80% of total exports.
- Domestic rice prices in Myanmar have closely tracked Thai export prices, suggesting strong linkages between domestic and international markets.
- Simulations of a 10% decrease in rice productivity and a 0.4 million ton increase in exports in 2022-2023 resulted in a 33% increase in domestic prices, a 5% fall in production, and a 10% drop in consumption, with poor households suffering the largest declines in rice consumption of 12-13%.
Bedru Balana, Research Fellow, IFPRI, presented these slides at the AAAE2023 Conference, Durban, South Africa, 18-21 September 2023. The authors acknowledged the contributions of CGIAR Initiative on National Policies and Strategies, Google, the International Rescue Committee, IFPRI, and USAID.
Sara McHattie
IFPRI-AMIS SEMINAR SERIES
Facilitating Anticipatory Action with Improved Early Warning Guidance
Co-organized by IFPRI and Agricultural Market Information System (AMIS)
SEP 26, 2023 - 9:00 TO 10:30AM EDT
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2023 Global Report on Food Crises: Joint Analysis for Better Decisions
Property Rights, Productivity and Poverty
1. PROPERTY RIGHTS ,PRODUCTIVITY AND POVERTY
The Case for Legal Empowerment of the Poor
Naresh Singh, Former Executive Director of the
Commission on Legal Empowerment of the Poor
2. CONTEXT
• FOOD PRICE crisis of major concern. Causes are complex due to
unprecedented oil prices increase, food-fuel conversions, credit crunch, market
distorting factors, more of a demand than supply crisis with higher prices not
directly benefiting small farmers and not triggering increased production. Small
farmer productivity improvement will help but not much. The poor in urban areas
might suffer even more.
• POVERTY and VULNERABILITY need to be tackled
• PROPERTY RIGHTS including resource ownership and access rights are
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necessary but not sufficient
• A broader and more systemic legal empowerment reform agenda is needed
• A more comprehensive LIVELIHOOD approach rather than a food production,
agricultural or rural development approach is required.
•
3. Goal: Sustainable Livelihoods
• LIVELIHOODS of people are based on assets (such as land), activities (business
or labor) and entitlements (protections, freedoms, opportunities)
• SUSTAINABILITY: economic efficiency, ecological integrity, social equity,
resilience (capacity to cope with and recover from shocks and stresses)
• VULNERABILITY is the inability to cope with and recover from shocks and
stresses to the livelihood system
• EMPOWERMENT is the process through which people gain greater control over
their lives and livelihoods
• LEGAL EMPOWERMENT is the process through which threats are reduced,
protection is increased and opportunities are enhanced by use of the law
4. Wealth is Being Created Now Faster than Ever,
but Many are Excluded
•In the past 60 years, more wealth created than in all history
•The number of people living on > 1 USD per day has dropped
from 40 percent in 1981 to 18 percent in 2004
•During this period, the numbers living on > 2 USD per day have
During period
dropped from 67 percent to 48 percent
•Unprecidented growth rates in China, India and Sub-Saharan
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Africa
•Inequality is more important than extreme poverty in LAC
4
5. The Excluded
•1 billion people in extreme poverty > 1 USD per day
•An additional 1 6 billi > 2 USD a d
A dditi l 1.6 billion day
•A further 1.4 billion < 2 USD a day, unable to use the law to
improve their lives
•Total number of people
Total
experiencing the effects of exclusion: 4 billion
•But
•B t one size will not fit all
i ill t ll
5
6. The Process of Legal Empowerment
Conditions for Legal Pillars of Legal Goals of Legal
Empowerment Empowerment Empowerment
Identity and S
Rule of Law Access to
Legal Status Y Justice
as Citizen Information and
and Access to Justice S
Education T Access to
Identity and
Legal Status E Assets Protection
Property
as Asset M
holder Rights
I
Identity Voice C Access
Rights
Identity and C
Legal Status Access to
as Worker Labor H Decent
Work
Organization Rights A Opportunity
and
Identity and Representation N
Legal Status G Access to
as Business- Business Markets
man/-woman
E
Rights
7. Access to Justice and Rule of Law (some basic
recommendations)
•Repeal anti-poor laws
•Promote legal identity
•Make the formal justice system more accessible and
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grant formal recognition to informal, traditional systems
•Encourage courts to be an institutional voice for the
poor
•Increase access t l l services
I to legal i
7
8. Property Rights (some basic recommendations)
• Promote an inclusive property rights system
• Institutionalize an effective property rights system
• Create a functional market for exchanging assets
•R i f
Reinforce property rights th
t i ht through social and other public
h i l d th bli
policies
8
9. Labour Rights (some basic recommendations)
•Strengthen identity, voice, representation and dialogue
•Support minimum package of labor rights for the informal
Support
economy
•Strengthen access to opportunities
•Support inclusive social protection
•Promote gender equality
Promote
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10. Business Rights (some basic recommendations)
• Guarantee basic business rights
• Simplify business registration
• Expand the definition of legal persona
• Promote inclusive financial services
• Help new businesses access opportunities
• Promote consultation, participation and inclusive rule-setting
11. Towards a Plan of Action
• With a growing international movement of membership based organisations of the
working poor in the informal economy, there is a growing need to increase
documentation, dissemination and integration of these initiatives
• The working poor in the informal sector have legal needs and demands that must
be identified and addressed
• By focusing on the concrete legal needs, constraints and demands of specific
categories of the working poor, legal empowerment can obtain critical information
that will allow for a targeted approach when determining appropriate legal reform
and related action and inputs
• In order to convene these dialogues between the working poor and relevant actors
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and stakeholders, this proposal calls for the establishment of dialogue that will lead
to a program of action
12. Assets
Physical and
Human Capital Social Capital Natural Capital
Economic Capital
Governance
Knowledge Land/Soil Buildings
Structure
Decision Making
D i i M ki
Skills Water Roads
Power
Community &
Creativity
C i i Air
Ai Machinery
M hi
other Institutions
Adaptive Participatory Forestry Crops and
Strategies Process Vegetation Livestock
Culture Money
13. Priority Groups of the Working Poor in Urban Areas
Legally Legally Empowering Legally Legally
What Empowering Empowering
Empowering Street Vendors
Waste Pickers Domestic Workers House Based
Who
Producers
1.Membership Based
Organisations of the Working Poor
(a)Members & Leaders
(b) Organisers
2. Legal Experts
(a) Justices & Judges
(b) Activist Lawyers
(c) Law Students
3.
3 Support organisations
(a) NGOs
(b) Donors
(c) Private Sector
14. Priority Groups of the Working Poor in Rural Areas
Legally Legally Empowering Legally Legally Empowering
What Empowering Non farm laborers,
Who
Fishermen Empowering (e.g. mechanics,
Farmers
Farm Laborers artisans)
1.Membership Based
Organisations of the Working
Poor
(a)Members & Leaders
(b) Organisers
2. Legal Experts
(a) Justices & Judges
(b) Activist Lawyers
(c) Law Students
3 Suppo t o ga sat o s
3. Support organisations
(a) NGOs
(b) Donors
(c) Private Sector
15. Understanding the Political Architecture of a
Nation
• Concentration of power at the centre vs. power dispersion
and fragmentation
•CConstitutional aspects of governance, i.e. the rules of the
i i l f i h l f h
game and who makes the rules
• Political economy aspects of governance and distribution,
i.e. who gets what and how.
• Mapping the power structure and identifying the key actors
involved
• Addressing the drivers of change [DFID] and “binding
constraints
constraints” (Roderick)
• Other political/power analytical tools
16. The Role of Key Actors
Broad political coalitions for pro-poor change that involve leaders from
across society are needed to galvanise and sustain reforms and prevent
reforms from being diverted diluted delayed or reversed.
diverted, diluted, delayed, reversed
The State
• Pi
Primary public d t b
bli duty bearer
• Responsible to provide the enabling environment for all to prosper
» An enabling environment includes appropriate institutional
frameworks that are equitable and accessible to all
f k h i bl d ibl ll
» Also includes appropriate freedoms [Sen]
• For legal empowerment, the state has to provide the political and policy
space f people’s participation and has to agree to cede some power to
for l ’ i i i dh d
organized community groups
17. The Role of Key Actors (contd.)
An approach worthy of the 21st century must recognize the immense
contributions to change non state actors and civil society can bring.
Non State Actors – Private Businesses, NGOs, Academia, Grassroots, and
Community Based Organisations
• Engage as participants in the decision making process
• Build representation for the poor with political institutions at global,
national and local levels
• Support the poor for mobilisation and articulation
• Mobilise opinion for reform
• Audit the state’s performance on all levels
• Faith-based organisations can play a unique and vital part in translating the
g p y q p g
moral imperatives of Legal Empowerment into concrete action.
• Set new international norms
18. The Role of Multilateral and Regional
Organisations
g
Multilateral Organisations:
UNDP,
UNDP World Bank, ILO, and UNHABITAT
Bank ILO
Regional Political Organisations:
Organisation of American States (OAS), African Union (AU),
and Association of South East Asian Nations (ASEAN)
Regional Development Banks:
African Development Bank, Asian Development Bank,
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European Bank for Reconstruction and Development, Inter-
American Development Bank Group
19. Conclusions
• The nature of empowerment and legal empowerment
and difference from legal reform and justice for the poor
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• Based on an integration of human rights and markets and
provides an operational perspective on HRAD
• Systemic analysis and holistic results frameworks are
required , but implementation needs a pragmatic
approach working with on the ground realities
• Making reforms work : guidelines , tools, roadmaps etc
are available in Chapter 5 of Vol 2.