This document proposes three quick impact projects to promote economic integration among internally displaced persons in North-East Nigeria. The three proposed projects are: 1) A petty trading project that would provide business grants and training to displaced women. 2) A tailoring project also aimed at women providing skills training and equipment. 3) A farming project that would provide skills training, start-up grants and potentially access to land for displaced men. The document outlines costs, timelines, and expected outcomes for each project, arguing they could provide sustainable livelihoods and restore dignity for displaced persons.

1. Economic Integration: Quick Impact
Projects
Internally Displaced Persons (IDPs)
NORTH-EAST
NIGERIA
Paper by: Toluwalola Kasali, 29 November 2015

2. This proposal is solely for the recipients to which it has been addressed and the author takes no liability for wrongful or unlawful use of data or
information contained there-in. The information contained in the proposal therein are as of the date of this report. The author will not be liable for any
damages, losses, or causes of action of any nature arising from any use of any or all of the information provided in this proposal.
Disclaimer
Page 2

3. Page 3
Contents
Economic Integration 4
Means of Livelihood – Prior to Displacement 5
Project 1 – Petty Trading 7
Project 2 – Tailoring 10
Project 3 – Farming 13
Contact 17

4. Displaced persons need to be given opportunities to be productive and
self-reliant. This requires that the Nigerian government treats displaced
persons as contributors to social & economic development within their
communities and State at large. Economic integration will allow Internally
Displaced Persons (“IDPs”) to better interact with communities as they
are viewed as contributors rather than burdens.
 A sustainable solution will be achieved when internally displaced persons no longer have
need for assistance and protection linked to their displacement;
 Having a source of livelihood empowers the people and gives them a sense of purpose;
 Access to skill training, education and income generating activities, is a way of ensuring
that IDPs can contribute to the social and economic development of the community and
the state.
Page 4
Economic Integration

5. Page 5
Agriculture, Business, Paid
employment and Craftsmanship
 Sources of income prior to displacement consisted mainly of Agriculture, Business, Paid employment and Craftsmanship. This will help to give a
good indication of how to efficiently support displaced persons and help them get back on their feet socially and economically within a specified
time period.
Agriculture Business Craftsman Paid Employment Construction Husbandry Other N/A
Sources: IOM Round VII Report, December, 2015.
Means of Livelihood – Prior to Displacement
Major Sources of Income

6. Quick Impact Projects
Impact is the primary value proposition
Page 6

7. Promoting Small Business for Women
Project 1
Project Title Promoting small business for women
Business Petty trading
Objective To give women living in camp sites the opportunity to be trained and engage in income generating activities through
the operation of small scale businesses.
Beneficiaries Internally displaced women living in camps and sites in North East Nigeria
Executors United Nations High Commission for Refugees (UNHCR), National Emergency Management Agency (NEMA)
Project Duration 12months
Page 5
 The absence of a sustainable means of livelihood is a major problem facing internally displaced persons;
 There are a total of 1,119,029 internally displaced women, making up 52% of the total IDPs population in Nigeria. Some women are
vulnerable and open to exploitation in exchange for receiving additional support or services;
 Engaging women in income generating activities gives them a certain level of self-sufficiency and independence;
 Petty trading is an ideal income generating activity for internally displaced women because:
 Individuals within the host and neighbouring communities will need to purchase food items and provisions at one point or the other;
 The ease of moving around with the products to reach the target market will help increase sales;
 Some of the products are fast-moving consumer goods that will be purchased approximately every 1-5 days based on the rate of usage;
 Due to the fact that the communities are still recovering economically and individuals are still earning very little, households will use
less products than normally will be the case. They are likely to cut down on consumption until things get back to normal;
 Petty trading as an income generating activity will not only be relevant while living in camps and sites but also, when they have been
rehabilitated.
The Project – Petty Trading

8. Promoting Small Business for Women
Implementation
Page 6
Expected Outcome
 On completion of the group training, each group is given a grant of N18,000 per person to start a business;
 Approximately 80 women can be trained in petty trading per month per camp sites. This is assuming that training occurs in batches
of 20 persons every week in a particular camp/camp site;
 There will be an increase in the ability of women to meet extra family needs;
 Dignity is restored to women.
Suggested Project Cost (Estimate)
Cost Estimate per Person (N)
Petty Trading
Business Petty trading
Training 3000
Equipment 0
Start-Up Grant 18,000
Total 21,000
All costs are estimates

9. Employment Creation – Petty Trade
Work Program 1- Financially Sustainable Plan
TRADE PROJECT
PROOF OF MODEL:
(REVENUE,
OPERATABILITY AND
VALUE)
SCALE UP
(INCREASE IMPACT)
Create an
operating
model
Create a business model
Buying & Selling
Learn a skill
Create a
training group in
batches of 5-10
Working Group
Diversified/Single
Product(s)
Choose the products
Inter/outside
community
trading
Access a marketMake revenues
Sell products
and make
revenues
Re-invest
=>20% should
be re-invested in
the business
Train a new
group of people
Pilot Project
Pilot Project Critical Success
Factor
1. Access to required training
& seed capital;
2. Access to market.
Evaluation of projects on
goal achievements and
effectiveness of response
to the needs of displaced
persons.
Potential to achieve
scale
LOW
HIGH
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10. Promoting Small Business for Women
Project 2
Page 8
 The absence of a sustainable means of livelihood is a major problem facing internally displaced persons;
 There are a total of 1,119,029 internally displaced women, making up 52% of the total IDPs population in Nigeria. Some women are
vulnerable and open to exploitation in exchange for receiving additional support or services.
 Engaging women in income generating activities gives them a certain level of self-sufficiency and independence;
 Tailoring is an ideal income generating activity for internally displaced women because:
 Most individuals within the host community will need tailoring services at one point or the other although these services are not
required regularly and frequency of use, will be on a need-by-need basis;
 This activity will help IDPs implement the skills they have acquired during the training;
 It will not only be relevant while living in camps, but also, when they have been rehabilitated;
 Dignity will be restored.
The Project – Tailoring
Project Title Promoting small business for women
Business Tailoring
Objective To give women living in camp sites the opportunity to be trained and engage in income generating activities
through the operation of small scale businesses.
Beneficiaries Internally displaced women living in camp sites in North East Nigeria
Executors United Nations High Commission for Refugees (UNHCR), National Emergency Management Agency (NEMA)
Project Duration 12months

11. Promoting Small Business for Women
Implementation
Page 9
Expected Outcome
 On completion of the group training, each group is given a grant of N18,000 per person to start a business. Cost of equipment like
the sewing machine, will be met as an additional cost;
 Approximately 40 women can be trained in tailoring per month per camp site. This is assuming that training occurs in batches of
20 persons every 2weeks in a particular camp/camp site;
 There will be an increase in the ability of women to meet extra family needs;
 Dignity is restored to women.
Suggested Project Cost (Estimate)
Cost Estimate per Person (N)
Tailoring
Business Tailoring
Training 3000
Equipment 50,000
Start-Up Grant 18,000
Total 71,000
All costs are estimates

12. Employment Creation – Tailoring
Work Program 2- Financially Sustainable Plan
TAILORING PROJECT
PROOF OF MODEL:
(REVENUE,
OPERATABILITY AND
VALUE)
SCALE UP
(INCREASE IMPACT)
Create an
operating
business model
Create a business model
Tailoring
Learn a skill
Create a
training group in
batches of 5-10
Working Group
Diversified
Products
Create the products
Inter-community
trading
Create a marketMake revenues
Sell items and
make revenues
Re-invest
=>20% should
be re-invested in
the business
Train a new
group of people
Pilot Project
Pilot Project Critical Success
Factor
1. Access to required training
& equipment;
2. Access to market.
Evaluation of projects on
goal achievements and
effectiveness of response
to the needs of displaced
persons.
Potential to achieve
scale
Sew
Package
Distribute
Sell
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13. Promoting Farming for Men
Project 3
Project Title Promoting farming
Business Small scale farming
Objective To encourage and empower men who have lost their means of livelihood.
Beneficiaries Internally displaced men living in camp sites in North East Nigeria
Executors United Nations High Commission for Refugees (UNHCR), National Emergency Management Agency (NEMA)
Project Duration 24months
Page 11
 The absence of a sustainable means of livelihood is a major problem facing internally displaced persons;
 There are a total of 1,032,949 internally displaced men, making up 48% of the total IDPs population in Nigeria. If they are
not provided such opportunities for economic integration, they can become a source of instability and disruption within the
community;
 Farming is a primary income generating activity in North-East Nigeria and a familiar job for the male population;
 Crops will be mainly grain crops like legumes such as Beans and Soybeans. This will be essential in terms of value creation
because they can be stored longer and travel farther without losing marketability;
 The produce will be sold to road-side sellers or small market stall owners;
 Farming will provide a sustainable source of livelihood as well as opportunities for business scale up;
 The federal and state governments will have to consider allocating new land to displaced persons where their land has been
taken-over or destroyed as a result of activities of the insurgents.
The Project – Farming

14. Promoting Farming for Men
Implementation
Page 12
Expected Outcome
 On completion of the group training, each group is given a start-up grant of N18,000 per person to start work on their farm;
 Approximately 20 men can be trained per month per camp site. This is assuming that training occurs in batches of 20 persons per
month in a particular camp/camp site;
 Increased ability to contribute to family needs and development of the community;
 Increase in socio-economic opportunities;
 Dignity is restored to the men.
Suggested Project Cost (Estimate)
Cost Estimate per Person (N)
Farming
Business Farming
Training 3000
Equipment/Tools 30,000
Start-Up Grant 18,000
Total 51,000
All costs are estimates
Cost for tools like hoes and cutlasses will be met by an additional grant for equipment and tools outside the start-up grant.

15. Employment Creation – The Farm Project
Work Program 3 – Financially Sustainable Plan
Farming Business Project
PROOF OF MODEL:
(REVENUE,
OPERATABILITY AND
VALUE)
SCALE UP
(INCREASE IMPACT)
Create a
business model
Create a business model
Land, seeds,
fertilizers, & tools.
Inputs
Create a
working Group
in batches of 5-
10
Working Group
Harvest
The corn is ready
Inter/outside
community
trading.
Create/enter a marketMake revenues
Sell corn to
make revenues
Re-invest
=>20% should
be re-invested in
the business
Train a new
group of people
Pilot Project
Pilot Project Critical Success Factor
1. Access to land by the Government
or local community members;
2. Conflict resolution amongst
existing farm/field owners;
3. Access to market .
Evaluation of projects on
goal achievements and
effectiveness of response
to the needs of displaced
persons.
Potential to achieve
scale
Access to micro-credit
Access to market
Farming schemes
Market information
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16. Project Examples
Example 1: The briquette making machine
 Helps to provide a sustainable source of income to
members of the communities;
 The project is scalable and sustainable in the long-run
because the raw-materials for the biomass briquette
usually include agricultural and forestry waste products
like wood chips, rice husks, straws, coconut and
groundnut shells, etc) and these materials can be easily
sourced within the communities;
 It will also serve as a way of helping to clear the sites of
the producers;
 A sound business model can be built around it and
replicated across other affected communities;
 Impact can be measured effectively.
Example 2: Bee keeping training and kits
 The training helps to ensure that skills are gained and can
be transferred;
 The people operate the hives - employment, some form
of purpose is provided;
 Production is on a commercial scale – Source of
sustainable income;
 Business is scalable – If resources are well employed, the
program can be scaled up by providing more training
opportunities, employing more people, expanding the
program to other affected communities, research, and
other forms of social development;
 Again, a sound business model can be built around it and
replicated across other affected communities;
 Impact can be measured effectively.
State Nasarawa
Project Biomass briquette making
Why? Helping three
communities recover from a
dispute that had escalated into
widespread violence in 2013.
No. of persons employed 120 people from three
communities
Sales figure Not available
State Kaduna
Project Operate bee hives and
collect honey for
commercial sale
Why? Communities displaced by
disputes with herdsmen.
No. of persons employed Not available
Sales figure US$6000 (N1.18m)
Source: CBN (Exchange rate: N197/$), Thisday Newspaper - The other conflict that is costing Nigeria
Billions
What others are doing
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17. Name Toluwalola Kasali
E-mail
tolukasali@yahoo.com
Telephone Number 08089200451
Contact Details
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