The document discusses promoting entrepreneurship and social entrepreneurship. It defines entrepreneurs as innovators who implement change by introducing new goods, production methods, markets, supply sources or organizations. Entrepreneurship is crucial for development as it results in lower unemployment, innovation adoption and structural economic changes. Social entrepreneurship addresses social problems through mission-driven initiatives using entrepreneurial approaches to create social value rather than profit. The government can promote entrepreneurship by establishing strong property rights, legal systems and macroeconomic stability.

1. Promoting Entrepreneurship
Prof.Dr.Aung Tun Thet

3. • “The best way to predict the future is to create
it.”
•
• Winners never quit
• Quitters never win

4. Opportunities
• Emerging in many sectors
• Potential to transform Myanmar
• Young people strike out on their own -
self-employed
• ‘Domino effect’

5. • Business people “satisfy needs”
• Entrepreneurs “create needs”

6. Government
• Promote entrepreneurship
• Newer approaches
• Proactive policies

7. Entrepreneur
• Creator
• Destroyer

8. “All Swans Are White”

9. Entrepreneur
• Innovator implements change
• Five manifestations:
1. Introduction of new/improved good
2. Introduction of new method of production
3. Opening of new market
4. Exploitation of new source of supply
5. Carrying out new organization

10. Entrepreneurs
• See world differently
• Envision future better than others
• Seize opportunities that go unnoticed
• Perceive and accept risks differently
• Exceptional mind-set

11. Blue Ocean Strategy

12. Innovative Economics
Prof. Joseph Schumpeter

13. Promoting Entrepreneurship
Policy Challenges

14. Promoting
Entrepreneurship
• Route to development
• Involved in micro and small enterprises
(MSE)

15. Entrepreneurs
• “Persons who are ingenious and creative
in finding ways that add to their own
wealth, power, and prestige”.
• Resource and process where individuals
utilize opportunities in market through
creation of new business firms

16. Entrepreneurship
• Innovation, risk-taking and arbitrage
• Self- employment
• Business ownership
• New start-ups

17. Entrepreneurship
• Crucial factor in development and well-being of
societies
• Results
• Lower unemployment rates
• Adopt innovation
• Structural changes in economy
• New competition

18. Entrepreneurship
• Distinction between motivations
• “Necessity” entrepreneurs
• “Opportunity” entrepreneurs

19. Entrepreneurship
matter for Development
• Structural transformation from low-income,
traditional economy to modern economy
• Creating new firms outside household
• Absorbing surplus labour from traditional sector
• Providing innovative intermediate inputs to final-goods
producing firms

20. Entrepreneurship
matter for Development
• Greater specialization in manufacturing
• Raising productivity and employment in both
modern and traditional sectors
• Employment growth substantial
• Contribution to female empowerment

21. Being Entrepreneurs
• Non-pecuniary returns
• Independence
• Positive change in lifestyle
• Sense of achievement
• Higher levels of job satisfaction

22. Designing Policies
• Complicated
• Three questions:
1. Should entrepreneurship be supported?
2. Can entrepreneurship be supported?
3. What is the most effective means of support?

23. Government
• Cannot raise supply or quantity of
entrepreneurship
• Influence allocation of entrepreneurial ability
• “Get the institutions right”
• Protection of property rights
• Well-functioning legal system
• Maintain macroeconomic and political stability
• Competitive tax rates

24. “Entrepreneurial
Economy”
• Creativity and innovation flourish
• Liberalized private-sector economy
• Knowledge, policies focused on formation and
function of regional clusters and linkages with
rest of economy

25. Government
• Limitations in dealing with growing number of
global challenges:
• Climate change
• Insecurity
• Violent conflict and terrorism
• Migration
• Vulnerability to financial and economic shocks

26. Social Entrepreneurship

27. Social Entrepreneurship
• Contributions to improve welfare of
communities
• Socially-oriented entrepreneurial activities
• Spectrum of entrepreneurship

28. Social Entrepreneurship
• Tied with creating social value
• Not personal profit
• Passion of social mission +
• Business-like discipline, innovation, and
determination

29. Characteristics
• Addressing critical social problems
• Dedication in improving well-being of society

30. Social Entrepreneurs
• Individuals with innovative solutions to society’s
most pressing social problems
• Visionaries
• Realists

31. Definition
• Mission-driven individual
• Uses entrepreneurial behaviours to deliver
social value to less privileged
• Entrepreneurially oriented
• Financially independent, self-sufficient, or
sustainable

32. Typology
Unique
characteristics of
Profit-oriented
entrepreneur
Characteristics
common to both
types
Unique
characteristics of
Social Entrepreneur
•High achiever
•Risk bearer
•Organizer
•Strategic thinker
•Value creator
•Holistic
•Arbitrageur
•Innovator
•Dedicated
•Initiative taker
•Leader
•Opportunity alert
•Persistent
•Committed
•Mission leader
•Emotionally charged
•Change agent
•Opinion leader
•Social value creator
•Socially alert
•Manager
•Visionary
•Highly accountable

33. Boundaries of Social
Entrepreneurship
• Distinction between social entrepreneurship
and other non-entrepreneurial, mission-driven
initiatives
• Do not extend to philanthropists, social
activists, environmentalists, companies with
foundations, socially responsible organizations
• Needed and valued but not social
entrepreneurs

34. Social Entrepreneurs
• Operate within boundaries of two
business strategies:
1. Non-profit with earned income
strategies
• Hybrid social and commercial
entrepreneurial activity to achieve self-sufficiency
• Organization both social and commercial
• Revenues and profits generated improve
delivery of social values

35. Social Entrepreneurs
2. For-profit with mission-driven strategies
• Social-purpose business
• Performing social and commercial entrepreneurial
activities simultaneously to achieve sustainability
• Organization both social and commercial
• Financially independent
• Founders and investors benefit from personal monetary
gain

36. Entrepreneurship
Spectrum
NON-PROFIT FOR-PROFIT
SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURS ENTREPRENEURS
Mission-Driven
Strategies
Earned Income Strategies
Dependency Self-
Sufficiency
Sustainability
MISSION GROWTH
PROFIT GROWTH

37. Social Entrepreneurship
• Flourished significantly at practical level
• Social Innovations

38. • “ You have to accept whatever comes,
and
• the only important thing is that you meet it
with the best you have to give. ”

40. THANK YOU!