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This document provides an overview of an AP Psychology course. It introduces psychology as both the science of behavior and mental processes. It discusses the roots of psychology from its prescientific beginnings to the establishment of the first psychology laboratory. It also outlines some of psychology's major issues and perspectives, as well as its subfields including basic research areas like cognitive psychology and applied areas like clinical psychology. The goal is to explore and utilize psychology resources, take notes on the history and introduction of the field, and ask questions.
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Ch1 ppt
The document provides an overview of the history and development of psychology. It discusses how psychology emerged from prescientific views of the mind and body to become an empirical science with the opening of the first psychology laboratory by Wilhelm Wundt in 1879. It also summarizes some of the major perspectives in psychology like structuralism, functionalism, and key figures like Wundt, James, Pavlov, Freud, and Piaget that advanced the field. The document concludes with a discussion of contemporary issues in psychology like the nature vs nurture debate and describes some of its major subfields like biological, developmental, cognitive, and clinical psychology.
Prologue
1) The document provides an overview of the history and development of psychology from its prescientific roots to the establishment of modern psychological science.
2) It discusses key figures like Wundt, James, Pavlov, and Freud who helped establish psychology as a scientific discipline in the late 19th century.
3) The document also summarizes some of psychology's main perspectives and subfields, including basic research areas like cognitive, developmental, and social psychology, as well as applied fields like clinical, industrial/organizational, and psychiatry.
Introduction to Psychology: Skyline Psych 100
This document outlines the syllabus for a general psychology course. It introduces the class format and assignments which include keeping a journal responding to reflection questions, participating in online discussions, and completing one writing project and one community psychology project. The course will cover various topics through lectures, activities, and small group discussions. Students are encouraged to approach learning with a critical thinking mindset as co-investigators through a process of dialogue and reflection. The purpose of studying psychology is discussed as providing self-knowledge and understanding human behavior and society through seminal studies that demonstrate how social roles, authority, awareness, gratification, and power can influence actions.
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Ch1 ppt
The document provides an overview of the history and development of psychology. It discusses how psychology emerged from prescientific views of the mind and body to become an empirical science with the opening of the first psychology laboratory by Wilhelm Wundt in 1879. It also summarizes some of the major perspectives in psychology like structuralism, functionalism, and key figures like Wundt, James, Pavlov, Freud, and Piaget that advanced the field. The document concludes with a discussion of contemporary issues in psychology like the nature vs nurture debate and describes some of its major subfields like biological, developmental, cognitive, and clinical psychology.
Prologue
1) The document provides an overview of the history and development of psychology from its prescientific roots to the establishment of modern psychological science.
2) It discusses key figures like Wundt, James, Pavlov, and Freud who helped establish psychology as a scientific discipline in the late 19th century.
3) The document also summarizes some of psychology's main perspectives and subfields, including basic research areas like cognitive, developmental, and social psychology, as well as applied fields like clinical, industrial/organizational, and psychiatry.
Introduction to Psychology: Skyline Psych 100
This document outlines the syllabus for a general psychology course. It introduces the class format and assignments which include keeping a journal responding to reflection questions, participating in online discussions, and completing one writing project and one community psychology project. The course will cover various topics through lectures, activities, and small group discussions. Students are encouraged to approach learning with a critical thinking mindset as co-investigators through a process of dialogue and reflection. The purpose of studying psychology is discussed as providing self-knowledge and understanding human behavior and society through seminal studies that demonstrate how social roles, authority, awareness, gratification, and power can influence actions.
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This document provides an overview of the field of psychology. It discusses how psychology originated from philosophical questions about the mind and behavior. Early schools of thought in psychology studied the structure of the conscious mind, the function of the mind, and unconscious mental processes. Modern psychology explores behavior, mental activity, and various topics across biological, individual, social, and cultural levels of analysis. Psychologists today investigate many areas and must follow strict ethical guidelines in their research and practice.
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- Methods of psychology include introspection, observation, experiments, surveys, and statistical analysis to understand, predict, and control behavior.
- There are many branches and applications of psychology such as developmental, abnormal, clinical, educational, and industrial psychology.
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Table of Contents:
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- DEVELOPMENT OF PSYCHOLOGY
- BASIC SCIENTIFIC PSYCHOLOGICAL SCHOOLS
- STRUCTURALISM
- FUNCTIONALISM
- PSYCHOANALYTIC SCHOOL
- THE STRUCTURE OF THE PSYCHE
- CRITICISM OF PSYCHOANALYSIS
- BEHAVIORISM
- GESTALT PSYCHOLOGY
- HUMANISTIC PSYCHOLOGY
- COGNITIVE PSYCHOLOGY
- BRANCHES OF PSYCHOLOGY
- RESEARCH METHODS
Structuralism presentation
Structuralism refers to a theory of consciousness developed by Wilhelm Wundt and Edward Bradford Titchener that seeks to analyze the adult mind by breaking it down into its simplest definable components. Introspection, the examination of one's own conscious thoughts and feelings, was the primary method used by structuralism and was considered the oldest research method in psychology. However, introspection also has limitations as data cannot be verified, one's mental state during introspection may change, and it is difficult to accurately study one's mind during an emotional state using introspection.
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1. The document provides an introduction to the topic of psychology, outlining its history and development as a field of scientific study.
2. Psychology was formally established as a science in 1879 by Wilhelm Wundt, who opened the first experimental laboratory in Germany. However, the roots of psychology can be traced back to early Greek philosophers like Plato and Aristotle who studied the mind and human behavior.
3. Over time, psychology evolved to become the scientific study of the mind, behavior, and mental processes. It is now a broad field that is divided into both pure and applied subfields which use scientific methods to better understand human thought and conduct.
Summary of Chapter 1 of Psychology (Introduction & History).
The word ‘PSYCO’ means mind and ‘LOGY’ means to study, it means that Psychology is the study of mental or brain process and also deals with human behavior. First William James defines psychology as the science of brain life in 1890.
When psychology established as a science separate from biology and philosophy the debate will starts that how we describe and explain human behavior then different philosopher gives their thoughts, now a days known schools of thought. Some major schools of thought are define in this summary.
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The document provides an overview of the key concepts in the field of psychology. It discusses the history and approaches of psychology, including prescientific psychology, the scientific beginnings with Wundt, and major 20th century developments like behaviorism and humanistic psychology. It also summarizes major perspectives like biological psychology, key concepts regarding nature vs nurture and levels of analysis, subfields of psychology like developmental and social psychology, and important terms like empiricism, structuralism, and functionalism.
Stangor ppt-ch01-2
Psychology has evolved from early philosophers' speculations to a more scientific discipline. Key developments include Wundt establishing the first psychology laboratory in the late 1800s and schools of thought like structuralism, functionalism, psychoanalytic, behaviorism, and cognitive psychology emerging. Today, psychology is made up of many subdisciplines that study topics like perception, memory, social influences, and more using scientific approaches while still addressing longstanding questions about human nature and behavior.
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Psychology is defined as the scientific study of behavior and mental processes. Some key points about the history and methods of psychology include:
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Psychology is the scientific study of behavior and mental processes through examining an organism's physical state, mental state, and external environment. It has four main goals: to describe, understand, predict, and control/modify behavior. Some key topics discussed in the document include different psychological perspectives like biological, learning, cognitive, sociocultural, and psychodynamic approaches. It also discusses critical thinking as the ability to assess claims based on evidence rather than emotion, and lists guidelines for critical thinking like asking questions, examining evidence, and considering multiple interpretations.
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Inshallah, after watching these complete slides you will get sufficient knowledge about major schools of thoughts in psychology
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2) Key areas of psychology are defined, such as cognitive, developmental, and social psychology.
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The document provides an introduction and overview of the field of psychology including:
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This document provides an introduction to the field of psychology, outlining key areas of study such as neuroscience, developmental psychology, and social psychology. It also discusses how psychological research is conducted scientifically through hypothesis testing, experimental design, and statistical analysis. Examples are given of psychological experiments that manipulated variables like temperature, weight, and priming to measure their effects on dependent variables like social judgments.
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This document provides an overview of psychology, including its history, goals, classifications of behavior, early schools of thought, research methods, and fields. It discusses how psychology evolved from philosophy to an experimental science. Key events include Wundt establishing psychology as a discipline in the 19th century and Freud developing psychoanalysis. The main goals of psychology are to understand, explain, describe, predict, and control behavior and mental processes.
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Table of Contents:
- THE EMERGENCE OF PSYCHOLOGY
- DEVELOPMENT OF PSYCHOLOGY
- BASIC SCIENTIFIC PSYCHOLOGICAL SCHOOLS
- STRUCTURALISM
- FUNCTIONALISM
- PSYCHOANALYTIC SCHOOL
- THE STRUCTURE OF THE PSYCHE
- CRITICISM OF PSYCHOANALYSIS
- BEHAVIORISM
- GESTALT PSYCHOLOGY
- HUMANISTIC PSYCHOLOGY
- COGNITIVE PSYCHOLOGY
- BRANCHES OF PSYCHOLOGY
- RESEARCH METHODS
Structuralism presentation
Structuralism refers to a theory of consciousness developed by Wilhelm Wundt and Edward Bradford Titchener that seeks to analyze the adult mind by breaking it down into its simplest definable components. Introspection, the examination of one's own conscious thoughts and feelings, was the primary method used by structuralism and was considered the oldest research method in psychology. However, introspection also has limitations as data cannot be verified, one's mental state during introspection may change, and it is difficult to accurately study one's mind during an emotional state using introspection.
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1. The document provides an introduction to the topic of psychology, outlining its history and development as a field of scientific study.
2. Psychology was formally established as a science in 1879 by Wilhelm Wundt, who opened the first experimental laboratory in Germany. However, the roots of psychology can be traced back to early Greek philosophers like Plato and Aristotle who studied the mind and human behavior.
3. Over time, psychology evolved to become the scientific study of the mind, behavior, and mental processes. It is now a broad field that is divided into both pure and applied subfields which use scientific methods to better understand human thought and conduct.
Summary of Chapter 1 of Psychology (Introduction & History).
The word ‘PSYCO’ means mind and ‘LOGY’ means to study, it means that Psychology is the study of mental or brain process and also deals with human behavior. First William James defines psychology as the science of brain life in 1890.
When psychology established as a science separate from biology and philosophy the debate will starts that how we describe and explain human behavior then different philosopher gives their thoughts, now a days known schools of thought. Some major schools of thought are define in this summary.
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Psychology’s Roots, Big Ideas, and Critical Thinking Tools
Revised by Pauline Davey Zeece, University of Nebraska-Lincoln
Chapter Overview
Psychology’s roots
Four big ideas in psychology
Why do psychology?
How do psychologists ask and answer questions?
Psychology’s research ethics
Use psychology to become a stronger person—and a better student
Psychology’s Roots
Psychological science’s birth and development
Contemporary psychology
The Scientific Attitude
Modern science is possible due to three basic attitudes:
Curiosity
Skepticism
Humility
Myers/DeWall, Psychology in Everyday Life, 4e, © 2017 Worth Publishers
The Scientific Attitude: Curiosity
Research commences with the passion to explore and understand the world without misleading or being misled.
Questions to consider:
Does the idea work?
When put to the test, can the idea’s predictions be confirmed?
The Scientific Attitude: Skepticism
Skeptical testing can reveal which claim best matches the facts.
Sifting reality from fantasy requires a healthy skepticism.
Attitude that is not cynical, but not gullible either
Questions to consider:
What does one mean?
How does one know?
The Scientific Attitude: Humility
Researchers can make mistakes and must be willing to be surprised and follow new ideas.
One’s opinions do not matter.
Truths revealed in response to one’s questioning matter.
Myers/DeWall, Psychology in Everyday Life, 4e, © 2017 Worth Publishers
Psychology’s Earliest Pioneers: Magellans of the Mind
Wilhelm Wundt
Charles Darwin
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Sigmund Freud
Jean Piaget
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Mary Whiton Calkins
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Early Definitions of PsychologyGroupsDefinitionEarly pioneersScience of mental lifeBehavioristsScientific study of observable behaviorFreudianEmphasis on unconscious thought processes and emotional responses to childhood experiencesHumanistic psychologistsStress on people’s growth potentialCognitive psychologistsScientific exploration of how information is perceived, processed, and rememberedCognitive neuroscientistsInterdisciplinary study of the brain activity linked with mental activity
Psychology
Science of behavior and mental processes
Behavior - Any action that can be observed and recorded
Anything a human or nonhuman animal does
Mental processes - Internal states that are inferred from behavior
Include thoughts, beliefs, and feelings
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Describe the three parts of the scientific attitude.
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ANSWER: Scientific psychology began in Germany in 1879, when Wilh.
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This chapter provides an overview of the field of psychology. It defines psychology as the scientific study of behavior and mental processes. The chapter discusses the historical foundations of psychology in Western philosophy, biology, and early schools of thought. It also summarizes seven contemporary approaches to psychology and areas of specialization within the field. The chapter concludes by exploring careers in psychology and examining the mind-body connection in health and wellness.
U1 history approaches slides
1. The document discusses the history and approaches of psychology, from early prescientific thinkers like Socrates and Plato to modern perspectives like behaviorism, cognitivism, and psychodynamic theories.
2. It outlines psychology's main subfields including basic research areas like biological, cognitive, and social psychology and applied fields like clinical, counseling, educational, and industrial/organizational psychology.
3. The document differentiates between the roles of clinical psychologists and psychiatrists in treating mental health disorders.
Introduction to Psychology: History
Psychology is the scientific study of behavior and mental processes. It originated from disciplines like philosophy and biology. The field has developed over time with perspectives including neuroscience, evolutionary psychology, and cognitive psychology. It is studied through various subfields like clinical, developmental, social, and cognitive psychology.
What is Psychology?
The term psychology comes from the Greek roots psyche meaning soul or mind and logos meaning word or study
The term psychology comes from the Greek roots psyche meaning soul or mind and logos meaning word or study
Module1-intro_000.ppt
Psychology is defined as the scientific study of human behavior and mental processes. There are several major psychological perspectives that study these areas, including psychoanalytic, behaviorist, cognitive, and biopsychological approaches. The field has evolved from its philosophical roots to become a science, with the goal of objectively describing, explaining, predicting, and changing human behavior and cognition. Psychologists work in a variety of settings and subfields, from research and academia to clinical practice and other applied settings. The study of psychology aims to further our understanding of human thought and behavior through empirical research.
Nature of Psychology in Modern India.pptx
Psychology is defined as the science that studies mental processes, experiences, and behaviors. It has roots in ancient Greek philosophy regarding the soul or mind. Modern psychology emerged in the late 19th century influenced by physics and the scientific method. It is now a diverse field that can be categorized into basic research disciplines like cognitive psychology and applied fields like clinical, counseling, school, and industrial/organizational psychology that work to understand and help people in various contexts. Psychologists use both objective and subjective methods to minimize biases and seek to systematically understand behaviors, thoughts, and experiences.
PSYCHOLOGY--.ppt
This document provides an introduction to psychology and its various branches. It defines psychology as the scientific study of behavior and mental processes. It describes the goals of psychology as describing, explaining, predicting, and controlling behavior. The document then outlines several historical approaches to psychology such as structuralism, functionalism, behaviorism, and humanism. It concludes by describing the basic and applied branches of psychology such as clinical, counseling, educational, and forensic psychology.
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Chapter 1 Psych 1 Online Stud 1199299941496334 2[1]
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1Psychology’s Roots, Big Ideas, and Critical Thinking Tools.docx
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Mr. Hunter Ch. 8
This chapter discusses different types of learning, including classical conditioning, operant conditioning, and observational learning. Classical conditioning involves learning associations between stimuli through processes like Pavlovian conditioning. Operant conditioning involves learning through reinforcement and punishment of behaviors. Observational learning occurs when observing and imitating the behaviors of others.
Mr. Hunter Ch. 7
This chapter discusses various states of consciousness including waking consciousness, sleep and dreams, premenstrual syndrome, and drug-induced states. It covers topics like circadian rhythms, the stages of sleep, measuring brain waves and sleep stages, sleep disorders, dreams and their interpretation, hypnosis, and the effects of various psychoactive drugs. Near-death experiences are also examined.
Mr. Hunter Ch. 6
This chapter discusses perception and several key concepts:
- Selective attention and how we focus our conscious awareness.
- Perceptual illusions and how our perceptions do not always match objective reality.
- Gestalt principles of perceptual organization, including proximity, similarity, and closure.
- Depth perception through binocular and monocular cues like retinal disparity, relative size, and linear perspective.
- Perceptual constancy and how we perceive stable objects despite changes in retinal images.
- Perceptual set and how expectations and schemas can influence our perceptions.
- Controversial claims of extrasensory perception beyond the five senses.
Mr. Hunter Ch. 5
This chapter discusses sensation and perception. It defines sensation as the process by which our sensory receptors receive stimulus energy, and perception as organizing and interpreting sensory information. The chapter covers the basic principles of psychophysics and thresholds. It then discusses each sense in detail, including the anatomy and physiology of vision, audition, touch, taste, smell, and the vestibular system. It also addresses topics like color vision, visual illusions, sound localization, pain perception, and age-related changes to the senses.
Ch04Mr. Hunter Ch. 4
Verbal scores are
scores decline
slightly.
80
75
20 30 40 50 60 70 80
Age in years
Adulthood: Social and
Personality Development
Identity
a stable sense of self that continues to
evolve through adulthood
Intimacy
the ability to form close, committed
relationships
Generativity
concern for guiding the next generation
Integrity
acceptance of one’s life as meaningful
(Erikson’s stages of psychosocial development)
Adulthood: Social and
Personality Development
Social Roles
Mr. Hunter Ch. 3
The document summarizes key concepts from Chapter 3 of Myers' Psychology textbook regarding the nature and nurture of behavior and gender. It discusses how genes contain the biological blueprint in DNA and chromosomes. Behavior has both genetic and environmental influences, as seen through twin and family studies. While genes influence temperament, environment also shapes brain development and culture transmits behaviors between generations. Both nature and nurture influence gender traits and roles.
Mr. Hunter Ch. 2
This chapter discusses the biological basis of behavior, including the structure and function of neurons, neural communication, and the nervous and endocrine systems. Some key points include:
- Neurons are the basic building blocks of the nervous system and communicate via electrical and chemical signals.
- The nervous system includes the central nervous system (brain and spinal cord) and peripheral nervous system. It controls both voluntary and involuntary bodily functions.
- The brain is divided into sections that control different functions like emotion, movement, vision, and language. Imaging techniques help study the living brain.
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Mr. Hunter Ch. 1
This chapter discusses the importance of psychological science and the scientific method. It explains key concepts like the need to think critically and avoid biases. Researchers use various methods like case studies, surveys, experiments and statistical analysis to study behavior and mental processes in a rigorous, objective manner. The scientific approach allows psychologists to develop and test theories to better understand human thought and action.
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Prologue blog and quizlet
- 1. Myers’ PSYCHOLOGY Prologue: The Story of Psychology
- 2. Starter #1: Contemporary Psychology What is psychology? What is this?
- 3. Quizlet Screencast: How to use it. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xqafUoIgk0I
- 4. Objectives for today: Explore and utilize AP Psychology Blog Sign up for Quizlet Print and use Quizlet flash cards Return signed AP Psych agreement by tomorrow Take notes on Prologue lecture Ask questions
- 5. Print Flash Cards (large) for credit
- 6. Prologue: Psychology’s Roots Prescientific Psychology Is the mind connected to the body or distinct? Are ideas inborn or is the mind a blank slate filled by experience?
- 8. Prologue: Psychology’s Roots Psychological Science Is Born Empiricism Knowledge comes from experience via the senses Science flourishes through observation and experiment
- 9. Prologue: Psychology’s Roots Wilhelm Wundt opened the first psychology laboratory at the University of Liepzig (c. 1879)
- 10. Prologue: Psychology’s Roots Structuralism used introspection (looking in) to explore the elemental structure of the human mind
- 11. Prologue: Psychology’s Roots Functionalism focused on how behavioral processes function- how they enable organism to adapt, survive, and flourish
- 12. Prologue: Psychology’s Roots Psychological Science Develops Wundt--German philosopher and physiologist James--American philosopher Pavlov--Russian physiologist Freud--Austrian physician Piaget--Swiss biologist
- 13. Prologue: Psychology’s Roots Figure 1- British Psychological Society membership
- 14. Prologue: Psychology’s Roots Definition of Psychology The science of behavior (what we do) and mental processes (sensations, perceptions, dreams, thoughts, beliefs, and feelings)
- 15. Prologue: Contemporary Psychology Psychology’s Big Issues Nature-nurture controversy the relative contribution that genes and experience make to development of psychological traits and behaviors
- 16. Prologue: Contemporary Psychology Natural selection principle that those inherited trait variations contributing to survival will most likely be passed on to succeeding generations
- 17. Prologue: Contemporary Psychology Psychology’s Perspectives
- 18. Prologue: Contemporary Psychology Psychology’s Perspectives A lot depends on your viewpoint
- 19. Prologue: Contemporary Psychology Psychology’s Subfields Basic Research Biological psychologists explore the links between brain and mind Developmental psychologists study changing abilities from womb to tomb Cognitive psychologists study how we perceive, think, and solve problems
- 20. Prologue: Contemporary Psychology Psychology’s Subfields Basic Research Personality psychologists investigate our persistent traits Social psychologists explore how we view and affect one another
- 21. Prologue: Contemporary Psychology Psychology’s Subfields Applied Research Industrial/organizational psychologists study and advise on behavior in the workplace Clinical psychologists study, assess, and treat people with psychological disorders
- 22. Prologue: Contemporary Psychology Psychiatry A branch of medicine dealing with psychological disorders Practiced by physicians who sometimes use medical (for example, drug) treatments as well as psychotherapy