The document discusses Prolog programming, specifically focusing on defining a function to determine the maximum of two numbers. It illustrates how to implement and test the 'max' function using Prolog syntax. Additionally, it includes examples of using predicates to manage room objects and handle control flows.

1. 31
PROLOG
5:
!"# $%&' ( ) '
!
" # # $ % #
& '()* !
+ , & #
. !
1.
1. "# $
% " !& $ ' # :
!"# $%&' ( ) '
(" " :
max(X,Y,M):-
X>Y,
M=X.
max(X,Y,M):-
X=<Y,
M=Y.
?- max(4,5, ).
" ! " " " !
?- max(4,5, ).
= 5.
?- max(5,4, ).
= 5 ;
false.
. !
1.
1. "# $
) ! * + ! * * $ " $
:
*!"# $%&' ( ) '
: max(4,5, ).
max(X,Y,M):-
X>Y,
M=X.
max(X,Y,M):-
X=<Y,
M=Y.
: max(4,5, ).
: 4>5, =4.
X=4, =5, = X=4, =5, =
: 4=<5, =5.
?- max(4,5,N).
N = 5.
: =5.
: N=5
?- max(5,4,N).
N = 5 ;
false.
: max(5,4, ).
: 5=<4, =4.
X=5, =4, =
false
X=5, =4, =
: 5>4, =5.
: =5.
: N=5

2. . !
1.
2. To " ! / 0
% " ! / 0 ( + & cut) ! $
:
!"# $%&' ( ) '
:
" $ * * .
$ , . - * ! "
, * !
% !& * , * $
* $ ! ! *
! " .
# * * " max ' :# * * " max ' :
max(X,Y,M):-
X>Y,!,
M=X.
max(X,Y,M):-
X=<Y,
M=Y.
. !
1.
2. To " ! / 0
. $ * " $ * " $
+!"# $%&' ( ) '
: max(4,5, ).
max(X,Y,M):-
X>Y,!,
M=X.
max(X,Y,M):-
X=<Y,
M=Y.
: 4>5,!, =4.
X=4, =5, = X=4, =5, =
: 4=<5, =5.
?- max(4,5,N).
N = 5.
: =5.
: N=5
: max(5,4, ).
X=5, =4, =X=5, =4, =
?- max(5,4,N).
N = 5.: 5=<4, =4.
X=5, =4, =X=5, =4, =
: 5>4,!, =5.
: =5.
: N=5
: !, =5.
. !
1.
2. To " ! / 0
* ! $ * " /$
.
,!"# $%&' ( ) '
.
0 * ! # * " if-else
1 * ! * " :
max(X,Y,M):-
X>Y,!,
M=X.
max(X,Y,M):-
max(X,Y,M):-
X>Y,!,
M=X.
max(X,Y,M):-
max(X,Y, ):-
X>Y,!.
max(X,Y, ).
max(X,Y,M):-
X=<Y,
M=Y.
max(X,Y,M):-
M=Y.
max(X,Y, ).
. !
2. . ! %
1. To " fail / 0
% " fail / 0 ! " * ! :
-!"# $%&' ( ) '
" $ * * .
( "" )
* " " .
2 $ * " * " # ! fail
!& * * ! * .
(! ! & " + ! *
$ ! * " $ *
" .

3. .. "
(, 1
" Prolog:
.!"# $%&' ( ) '
first:- room(X),
write(X),
nl,
fail.
0 ! " :
(a1) first.
(a2) second.fail.
second:- room(X),
!,
write(X),
nl,
fail.
third:- room(X),
write(X),
nl,
!,
fail.
fourth:- !,
room(X),
write(X),
(a2) second.
(a3) third.
(a4) fourth.
(a5) fifth.
) " $ ! !
" :
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5)
a a
b
a a
b
a
b
write(X),
nl,
fail.
fifth:- room(X),
write(X),
nl,
fail,
!.
room(a).
room(b).
room(c).
room(d).
) / , & * , . . a3->2
No c
d
No
No c
d
No
c
d
No
.. "
(, 1
/!"# $%&' ( ) '
!"# $%&' ( ) '
.. "
(, 2
( ) f(X,Y):- X<0,!, Y=0.
( )
f(X,Y):- X<0,!, Y=0.
f(_,0).
( )
f(X,Y):- X>=0, !, Y=0.
f(_,1).
( )
f(X,Y):- X<0, !, Y=0.
f(_,1).
( )
f(_,1).
f(X,Y):- X<0, !, Y=0.
.. "
(, 2
!"# $%&' ( ) '