This document contains an examination paper for a project management course. It includes three sections: Section A with short multiple choice and written response questions; Section B with two case studies to analyze; and Section C with two longer essay questions. The questions cover topics like project planning, scheduling, budgeting, risk management, and the life cycle of a project. Students are asked to define key terms, compare models, explain concepts, and analyze case studies in their responses.
Construction Industry is one of the most booming industries in the whole world. This industry is mainly an urban based one which is concerned with preparation as well as construction of real estate properties. The repairing of any existing building or making certain alterations in the same also comes under construction Industry.
Construction Industry is one of the most booming industries in the whole world. This industry is mainly an urban based one which is concerned with preparation as well as construction of real estate properties. The repairing of any existing building or making certain alterations in the same also comes under construction Industry.
Report On the CARICOM Construction & Installation Services Sector: Elements For Competitive Strategies by THE COUNCIL OF CARIBBEAN ENGINEERING ORGANISATIONS (CCEO).
Short revue of development and influence on lean process in aerospace industry. Historical steps of latest achivements.
Attached video shows practical resoults of MODERN TECHNOLOGY.
Construction Projects Delivery Methods - Nilaksh Kothari, Manitowoc Public Ut...marcus evans Network
Nilaksh Kothari, Manitowoc Public Utilities (MPU) - Speaker at the marcus evans Water & Wastewater Management Summit held in Summerlin, NV, May 3-4, 2012 delivered his presentation entitled Construction Projects Delivery Methods
CompTIA exam study guide presentations by instructor Brian Ferrill, PACE-IT (Progressive, Accelerated Certifications for Employment in Information Technology)
"Funded by the Department of Labor, Employment and Training Administration, Grant #TC-23745-12-60-A-53"
Learn more about the PACE-IT Online program: www.edcc.edu/pace-it
Gretchen Rubin's 10 Tips For Being HappierHaiku Deck
Be happier. From Gretchen Rubin, the writer behind The Happiness Project, are 10 tips for being happier.
View the full deck with notes here: https://www.haikudeck.com/gretchen-rubins-10-tips-for-being-happier-business-presentation-NUV2217tj4
All You Need to Know About Customer Journey MappingRealtimeBoard
A simple guide to customer journey mapping. It covers the basic definition of the journey, step-by-step mapping process, common mistakes, and related templates.
Bonus: click on the link to get a free demo board with online templates https://realtimeboard.com/app/board/o9J_k0oPqnw=/
Original article: https://realtimeboard.com/blog/customer-journey/
Journey mapping tool: https://realtimeboard.com
Report On the CARICOM Construction & Installation Services Sector: Elements For Competitive Strategies by THE COUNCIL OF CARIBBEAN ENGINEERING ORGANISATIONS (CCEO).
Short revue of development and influence on lean process in aerospace industry. Historical steps of latest achivements.
Attached video shows practical resoults of MODERN TECHNOLOGY.
Construction Projects Delivery Methods - Nilaksh Kothari, Manitowoc Public Ut...marcus evans Network
Nilaksh Kothari, Manitowoc Public Utilities (MPU) - Speaker at the marcus evans Water & Wastewater Management Summit held in Summerlin, NV, May 3-4, 2012 delivered his presentation entitled Construction Projects Delivery Methods
CompTIA exam study guide presentations by instructor Brian Ferrill, PACE-IT (Progressive, Accelerated Certifications for Employment in Information Technology)
"Funded by the Department of Labor, Employment and Training Administration, Grant #TC-23745-12-60-A-53"
Learn more about the PACE-IT Online program: www.edcc.edu/pace-it
Gretchen Rubin's 10 Tips For Being HappierHaiku Deck
Be happier. From Gretchen Rubin, the writer behind The Happiness Project, are 10 tips for being happier.
View the full deck with notes here: https://www.haikudeck.com/gretchen-rubins-10-tips-for-being-happier-business-presentation-NUV2217tj4
All You Need to Know About Customer Journey MappingRealtimeBoard
A simple guide to customer journey mapping. It covers the basic definition of the journey, step-by-step mapping process, common mistakes, and related templates.
Bonus: click on the link to get a free demo board with online templates https://realtimeboard.com/app/board/o9J_k0oPqnw=/
Original article: https://realtimeboard.com/blog/customer-journey/
Journey mapping tool: https://realtimeboard.com
Your brain is capable of incredible healing and constant reshaping. Through a new relationship with your brain you can transform your life. With increased self-awareness and conscious intention, the brain can be taught to reach far beyond its present limitations.
This is a visual excerpt from my book "Super Brain," which I co-authored with Rudolph Tanzi, PhD. To read more, go to: http://www.chopra.com/
You’re not the expert. Your customers are, and who your customer is, is changing rapidly. Learn more about the digital consumer, how to bring new life to your customer experience, and inspire your team with workshop activities. Take a deeper look into the key drivers of your business, reinvigorate your customer experience, and gain insight from one of the newest inspiring entrepreneurs, who built his business around an out-of-the-ordinary customer experience. Why not create an experience that will leave your customers talking and sharing your brand with everyone? These musings were gathered after attending the Next Generation Customer Experience Conference in San Diego, March 2015.
Heathrow Airport - Refurbishment of Terminal 1Yash Mittal
A presentation on the Refurbishment of Heathrow Airport - Terminal 1 and how Project Management played a big role in its successful completion on time.
The slides focus on Introduction to Project Management in Information Technology. It will be very useful to newbies in Project Management. The slides were prepared and used by a University Lecture for some of his students. The contents of the slides are easy to understand and are self-explanatory.
1. SHORT PAPERWAN Technologies Paper Research Point-to-Point .docxMargaritoWhitt221
1. SHORT PAPER
WAN Technologies Paper:
Research Point-to-Point (dedicated), Packet Switched, and Circuit Switched WAN protocols/circuits/types. Define each protocol and describe at least two data transmission technologies associated with the protocol. Include the bandwidth limitations of each technology and protocol.
Support your information and make sure all information sources are appropriately cited.
The paper must use APA 6th ed., 7th printing formatting and contain a title page, 2 pages of content, and a minimum of two peer-reviewed references.
Your assignment will be graded based on the rubric, which can be viewed when clicking on the assignment submission link above.
Assignment Information
Resource(s)
:
Network Protocols Handbook
-
Javvin Technologies, Inc. Network Protocols Handbook
Watch Video
WAN Protocols and Connection Technologies - Cisco IOS
Duration: (36:19)
User:
n/a -
Added:
5/11/11
WAN Protocols and Connection Technologies - Cisco IOS. Frame Relay, Broadband, Cable, DSL, Fiber, FTTH, FTTP, L2TP, PPTP, encapsulation, protocols, ..
2.CASE STUDY: GREENFIELDS THE UNIVERSITY OF GREENFIELDS
The University of Greenfields would like to expand their civil engineering department and have been seeking a suitable location to construct an integrated administrative and teaching complex.
The buildings will have lecture theatre and tutorial rooms, accommodation and administrative facilities and should ideally be within a 3 mile radius of the main university campus.
A major design requirement is that BREEAM environmental standards are met. BREEAM, (Building Research Establishments Ltd Environmental Assessment Method) which helps further education colleges to set environmental targets, is not only important to the University but to Local Government also and will have a major influence in obtaining planning permission.
The local council has proposed a disused factory site, the Car Build Industrial Estate. Although the site is now derelict and will require clearing before any construction can take place it is just 2 miles from the University main buildings providing ease of access between departments. The site is close to a recently extended main road connecting Greenfields town center with a large housing development, Newtown, which has a reliable and frequent public transport service.
As part of a national conservation initiative, supported by the University, a cycle path has been built along an old drained canal route which runs from the town center, along the perimeter of the Industrial Estate and onto Newtown.
The expansion of the University has attracted a lot of publicity and strong feeling both for and against the development. The business community sees the increase in student population as very positive whilst residents of Newtown are concerned that the increased traffic will cause excessive congestion. In addition, a local environmental group have raised the problem of site clearance saying that Car Build Industrial Es.
Changing the Face at the Busiest Airport in the World th.docxcravennichole326
Changing the Face
at the Busiest Airport
in the World through
Project Management
2
Background: Dated and In Need of a Revamp,
But It has to be Business as Usual...
BAA Airports Ltd. was tasked with the refurbishment of Terminal 1, a
40-year-old building within Heathrow Airport, the busiest international
airport in the world, whilst constantly keeping the terminal open to the 20
million annual travellers.
In 2004 BAA and the Star Alliance network, established in 1997 as the first
truly global airline alliance to offer worldwide reach and seamless service
to the international traveller, signed a memorandum of understanding that
would result in Star Alliance moving into Terminal 1 at Heathrow Airport.
Terminal 1 had previously been for short-haul European destinations only,
but the introduction of Star Alliance meant that international passengers
would now also be using the terminal.
This work was required to facilitate the move by a number of Star Alliance
airlines who were moving their operations from Terminals 2 and 3 to
Terminal 1. The successful completion of this project was the enabler for
the complete transformation of Heathrow Airport that is used by more than
90 airlines, which fly to more than 180 destinations worldwide.
As well as a commitment to completing the project within a very strict
deadline, health and safety issues were also a big concern given that the
project had to be delivered within a live operating passenger terminal. Any
interruption to the operation of the terminal building, and the stakeholders
or passenger experience would likely result in delays for the airlines
operating from Terminal 1 and as such, significant financial penalties for
BAA. Public and media perception of BAA would not be enhanced should
such a situation arise.
David Buisson, PMP, was chosen to lead the project. Mr. Buisson is a
certified project manager with more than 13 years experience of managing
complex and challenging projects by implementing the standards set out
by the Project Management Institute (PMI®) through A Guide to the Project
Management Body of Knowledge (PMBOK® Guide)—Fourth Edition.
Under his direction, a team of professionals from a variety of backgrounds
and industries tackled one of the most important transport projects in the
UK, keeping it ahead of its European competition.
Terminal 1 had been out of
date and badly in need of
refurbishment, with the 40-year-
old building not seeing any
significant updates since it was
built in the 60s. With serious
refurbishment going elsewhere
at Heathrow Airport, as well
as the upcoming opening of
Terminal 5 and the introduction
of international passengers to
Terminal 1, it was in need of a
major overhaul.
Refurbishing Heathrow Airport Terminal 1,
On Time, On Budget, With No Disruptions to Travelling Public
3
Challenges: Complex, Problematic and Large-Scale—
A Project Manager’s Landscape
The project team had to res ...
Changing the Face at the Busiest Airport in the World thro.docxcravennichole326
Changing the Face
at the Busiest Airport
in the World through
Project Management
2
Background: Dated and In Need of a Revamp,
But It has to be Business as Usual...
BAA Airports Ltd. was tasked with the refurbishment of Terminal 1, a
40-year-old building within Heathrow Airport, the busiest international
airport in the world, whilst constantly keeping the terminal open to the 20
million annual travellers.
In 2004 BAA and the Star Alliance network, established in 1997 as the first
truly global airline alliance to offer worldwide reach and seamless service
to the international traveller, signed a memorandum of understanding that
would result in Star Alliance moving into Terminal 1 at Heathrow Airport.
Terminal 1 had previously been for short-haul European destinations only,
but the introduction of Star Alliance meant that international passengers
would now also be using the terminal.
This work was required to facilitate the move by a number of Star Alliance
airlines who were moving their operations from Terminals 2 and 3 to
Terminal 1. The successful completion of this project was the enabler for
the complete transformation of Heathrow Airport that is used by more than
90 airlines, which fly to more than 180 destinations worldwide.
As well as a commitment to completing the project within a very strict
deadline, health and safety issues were also a big concern given that the
project had to be delivered within a live operating passenger terminal. Any
interruption to the operation of the terminal building, and the stakeholders
or passenger experience would likely result in delays for the airlines
operating from Terminal 1 and as such, significant financial penalties for
BAA. Public and media perception of BAA would not be enhanced should
such a situation arise.
David Buisson, PMP, was chosen to lead the project. Mr. Buisson is a
certified project manager with more than 13 years experience of managing
complex and challenging projects by implementing the standards set out
by the Project Management Institute (PMI®) through A Guide to the Project
Management Body of Knowledge (PMBOK® Guide)—Fourth Edition.
Under his direction, a team of professionals from a variety of backgrounds
and industries tackled one of the most important transport projects in the
UK, keeping it ahead of its European competition.
Terminal 1 had been out of
date and badly in need of
refurbishment, with the 40-year-
old building not seeing any
significant updates since it was
built in the 60s. With serious
refurbishment going elsewhere
at Heathrow Airport, as well
as the upcoming opening of
Terminal 5 and the introduction
of international passengers to
Terminal 1, it was in need of a
major overhaul.
Refurbishing Heathrow Airport Terminal 1,
On Time, On Budget, With No Disruptions to Travelling Public
3
Challenges: Complex, Problematic and Large-Scale—
A Project Manager’s Landscape
The ...
"How to avoid rework phenomena in construction projects by maintaining a reliable organizational profile? The application of LEAN-6 SIGMA methodology minimizes time variability in construction phase."
cost control analysis as effective tools in construction industry in nigeriaNewman Jonathan
Nevertheless, the construction industries require cost estimation techniques/analysis scheme like other similar schemes aimed at foreseeing the future of the projects to accomplish the profitability targets.
Due to large operations inherent in the construction industries, managers needed to imbibe the culture of forecasting activities in terms of costs control techniques in order to see future at the beginning of the project. These therefore justify the establishment of Project Control Department were cost controllers and cost estimators are domicile in the company
A Study of Factors Caused for Time & Cost Overruns in Construction Project & ...IJERA Editor
The Construction industry is one of the key economic industry in India and is the main motivating force in Indian national economy. But, it suffers from a number of problems that affect time, cost and quality performances. Successful management of construction projects is based on three major factors i.e. time, cost and quality. The successful completion of construction projects within the specified time has become the most valuable and challenging task for the Managers, Architects, Engineers and Contractors. How to achieve this task is a problem, which should be solved. The overall objective of this study is to identify the factors resposinle for overruns in time and cost of the construction project and suggest the suitable remedial solutions. Poor planning, implementation and management are the main reasons for time and cost overruns in construction projects in India. Since most of the reasons are well known and can be controlled if a proper arrangement is made
Mastering Local SEO for Service Businesses in the AI Era is tailored specifically for local service providers like plumbers, dentists, and others seeking to dominate their local search landscape. This session delves into leveraging AI advancements to enhance your online visibility and search rankings through the Content Factory model, designed for creating high-impact, SEO-driven content. Discover the Dollar-a-Day advertising strategy, a cost-effective approach to boost your local SEO efforts and attract more customers with minimal investment. Gain practical insights on optimizing your online presence to meet the specific needs of local service seekers, ensuring your business not only appears but stands out in local searches. This concise, action-oriented workshop is your roadmap to navigating the complexities of digital marketing in the AI age, driving more leads, conversions, and ultimately, success for your local service business.
Key Takeaways:
Embrace AI for Local SEO: Learn to harness the power of AI technologies to optimize your website and content for local search. Understand the pivotal role AI plays in analyzing search trends and consumer behavior, enabling you to tailor your SEO strategies to meet the specific demands of your target local audience. Leverage the Content Factory Model: Discover the step-by-step process of creating SEO-optimized content at scale. This approach ensures a steady stream of high-quality content that engages local customers and boosts your search rankings. Get an action guide on implementing this model, complete with templates and scheduling strategies to maintain a consistent online presence. Maximize ROI with Dollar-a-Day Advertising: Dive into the cost-effective Dollar-a-Day advertising strategy that amplifies your visibility in local searches without breaking the bank. Learn how to strategically allocate your budget across platforms to target potential local customers effectively. The session includes an action guide on setting up, monitoring, and optimizing your ad campaigns to ensure maximum impact with minimal investment.
When most people in the industry talk about online or digital reputation management, what they're really saying is Google search and PPC. And it's usually reactive, left dealing with the aftermath of negative information published somewhere online. That's outdated. It leaves executives, organizations and other high-profile individuals at a high risk of a digital reputation attack that spans channels and tactics. But the tools needed to safeguard against an attack are more cybersecurity-oriented than most marketing and communications professionals can manage. Business leaders Leaders grasp the importance; 83% of executives place reputation in their top five areas of risk, yet only 23% are confident in their ability to address it. To succeed in 2024 and beyond, you need to turn online reputation on its axis and think like an attacker.\
Key Takeaways:
- New framework for examining and safeguarding an online reputation
- Tools and techniques to keep you a step ahead
- Practical examples that demonstrate when to act, how to act and how to recover
SEO as the Backbone of Digital MarketingFelipe Bazon
In this talk Felipe Bazon will share how him and his team at Hedgehog Digital share our journey of making C-Levels alike, specially CMOS realize that SEO is the backbone of digital marketing by showing how SEO can contribute to brand awareness, reputation and authority and above all how to use SEO to create more robust global marketing strategies.
10 Video Ideas Any Business Can Make RIGHT NOW!
You'll never draw a blank again on what kind of video to make for your business. Go beyond the basic categories and truly reimagine a brand new advanced way to brainstorm video content creation. During this masterclass you'll be challenged to think creatively and outside of the box and view your videos through lenses you may have never thought of previously. It's guaranteed that you'll leave with more than 10 video ideas, but I like to under-promise and over-deliver. Don't miss this session.
Key Takeaways:
How to use the Video Matrix
How to use additional "Lenses"
Where to source original video ideas
When most people in the industry talk about online or digital reputation management, what they're really saying is Google search and PPC. And it's usually reactive, left dealing with the aftermath of negative information published somewhere online. That's outdated. It leaves executives, organizations and other high-profile individuals at a high risk of a digital reputation attack that spans channels and tactics. But the tools needed to safeguard against an attack are more cybersecurity-oriented than most marketing and communications professionals can manage. Business leaders Leaders grasp the importance; 83% of executives place reputation in their top five areas of risk, yet only 23% are confident in their ability to address it. To succeed in 2024 and beyond, you need to turn online reputation on its axis and think like an attacker.
Key Takeaways:
- New framework for examining and safeguarding an online reputation
- Tools and techniques to keep you a step ahead
- Practical examples that demonstrate when to act, how to act and how to recover
First Things First: Building and Effective Marketing Strategy
Too many companies (and marketers) jump straight into activation planning without formalizing a marketing strategy. It may seem tedious, but analyzing the mindset of your targeted audiences and identifying the messaging points most likely to resonate with them is time well spent. That process is also a great opportunity for marketers to collaborate with sales leaders and account managers on a galvanized go-to-market approach. I’ll walk you through the methods and tools we use with our clients to ensure campaign success.
Key Takeaways:
-Recognize the critical role of strategy in marketing
-Learn our approach for building an actionable, effective marketing strategy
-Receive templates and guides for developing a marketing strategy
Is AI-Generated Content the Future of Content Creation?Cut-the-SaaS
Discover the transformative power of AI in content creation with our presentation, "Is AI-Generated Content the Future of Content Creation?" by Puran Parsani, CEO & Editor of Cut-The-SaaS. Learn how AI-generated content is revolutionizing marketing, publishing, education, healthcare, and finance by offering unprecedented efficiency, creativity, and scalability.
Understanding
AI-Generated Content:
AI-generated content includes text, images, videos, and audio produced by AI without direct human involvement. This technology leverages large datasets to create contextually relevant and coherent material, streamlining content production.
Key Benefits:
Content Creation: Rapidly generate high-quality content for blogs, articles, and social media.
Brainstorming: AI simulates conversations to inspire creative ideas.
Research Assistance: Efficiently summarize and research information.
Market Insights:
The content marketing industry is projected to grow to $17.6 billion by 2032, with AI-generated content expected to dominate over 55% of the market.
Case Study: CNET’s AI Content Controversy:
CNET’s use of AI for news articles led to public scrutiny due to factual inaccuracies, highlighting the need for transparency and human oversight.
Benefits Across Industries:
Marketing: Personalize content at scale and optimize engagement with predictive analytics.
Publishing: Automate content creation for faster publication cycles.
Education: Efficiently generate educational materials.
Healthcare: Create accurate content for patients and professionals.
Finance: Produce timely financial content for decision-making.
Challenges and Ethical Considerations:
Transparency: Disclose AI use to maintain trust.
Bias: Address potential AI biases with diverse datasets.
SEO: Ensure AI content meets SEO standards.
Quality: Maintain high standards to prevent misinformation.
Conclusion:
AI-generated content offers significant benefits in efficiency, personalization, and scalability. However, ethical considerations and quality assurance are crucial for responsible use. Explore the future of content creation with us and see how AI is transforming various industries.
Connect with Us:
Follow Cut-The-SaaS on LinkedIn, Instagram, YouTube, Twitter, and Medium. Visit cut-the-saas.com for more insights and resources.
In this presentation, Danny Leibrandt explains the impact of AI on SEO and what Google has been doing about it. Learn how to take your SEO game to the next level and win over Google with his new strategy anyone can use. Get actionable steps to rank your name, your business, and your clients on Google - the right way.
Key Takeaways:
1. Real content is king
2. Find ways to show EEAT
3. Repurpose across all platforms
The digital marketing industry is changing faster than ever and those who don’t adapt with the times are losing market share. Where should marketers be focusing their efforts? What strategies are the experts seeing get the best results? Get up-to-speed with the latest industry insights, trends and predictions for the future in this panel discussion with some leading digital marketing experts.
How to Use AI to Write a High-Quality Article that Ranksminatamang0021
In the world of content creation, many AI bloggers have drifted away from their original vision, resulting in low-quality articles that search engines overlook. Don't let that happen to you! Join us to discover how to leverage AI tools effectively to craft high-quality content that not only captures your audience's attention but also ranks well on search engines.
Disclaimer: Some of the prompts mentioned here are the examples of Matt Diggity. Please use it as reference and make your own custom prompts.
The What, Why & How of 3D and AR in Digital CommercePushON Ltd
Vladimir Mulhem has over 20 years of experience in commercialising cutting edge creative technology across construction, marketing and retail.
Previously the founder and Tech and Innovation Director of Creative Content Works working with the likes of Next, John Lewis and JD Sport, he now helps retailers, brands and agencies solve challenges of applying the emerging technologies 3D, AR, VR and Gen AI to real-world problems.
In this webinar, Vladimir will be covering the following topics:
Applications of 3D and AR in Digital Commerce,
Benefits of 3D and AR,
Tools to create, manage and publish 3D and AR in Digital Commerce.
Most small businesses struggle to see marketing results. In this session, we will eliminate any confusion about what to do next, solving your marketing problems so your business can thrive. You’ll learn how to create a foundational marketing OS (operating system) based on neuroscience and backed by real-world results. You’ll be taught how to develop deep customer connections, and how to have your CRM dynamically segment and sell at any stage in the customer’s journey. By the end of the session, you’ll remove confusion and chaos and replace it with clarity and confidence for long-term marketing success.
Key Takeaways:
• Uncover the power of a foundational marketing system that dynamically communicates with prospects and customers on autopilot.
• Harness neuroscience and Tribal Alignment to transform your communication strategies, turning potential clients into fans and those fans into loyal customers.
• Discover the art of automated segmentation, pinpointing your most lucrative customers and identifying the optimal moments for successful conversions.
• Streamline your business with a content production plan that eliminates guesswork, wasted time, and money.
5 big bets to drive growth in 2024 without one additional marketing dollar AND how to adapt to the biggest shifting eCommerce trend- AI.
1) Romance Your Customers - Retention
2) ‘Alternative’ Lead Gen - Advocacy
3) The Beautiful Basics - Conversion Rate Optimization
4) Land that Bottom Line - Profitability
5) Roll the Dice - New Business Models
1. Examination Paper of Project Management
1
IIBM Institute of Business Management
IIBM Institute of Business Management
Examination Paper MM.100
Project Management
Section A: Objective Type & Short Questions (30 marks)
This section consists of Multiples choice and Short Note Type questions.
Answer all the questions.
Part one carries 1 mark each and Part Two carries 4 marks each.
Part One:
Multiple choices:
1. Liquidation value of the firm’s assets could be considered as________________
a. The minimum wealth of shareholder
b. The maximum wealth of shareholder
c. The average wealth of shareholder
d. None
2. If ‘P’ be the initial investment, ‘I’ be the interest rate and ‘T’ be the time period for which
funds are invested then interest earned will be______________
a. P*I/T
b. P*T/I
c. (P*I*T)2
d. P*I*T
3. Following the above given conditions, compound Interest be given by___________
a. P*(1+I)1/T
b. P*(1+I)T
c. (P*I*T)T
d. Can not be calculated
4. Firms resorting to ‘Proactive Growth’?
a. Do constant strategic planning
b. Watch things happening
c. Never plan but work on fortune
d. None
5. ‘SPACE’ stands for___________________
6. Increasing marketing expenditure leading to an increased market share is known
as________________
a. Market development
b. Market penetration
c. Market expansion
d. Market growth
2. Examination Paper of Project Management
2
IIBM Institute of Business Management
7. If profit after tax is ‘A’ ,depreciation be ‘B’ and interest be ‘I’ then Interest cover ratio
is given by______________
8. E-V rule is also called_____________
a. Mean co variance rule
b. Mean variance rule
c. Mean deviation rule
d. None
9. In case of internally generated funds the opportunity cost to the firm is____________
a. Zero
b. The lending rate
c. The borrowing rate
d. None
10. ‘PERT’ stands for__________________
Part Two:
1. Write a note on ‘Sinking Fund Payment’.
2. Differentiate between PERT and CPM Model?
3. What is ‘Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM)’?
4. What do you understand by PBP (Payback Period Method)?
5. Briefly explain the planning for procurement?
END OF SECTION A
Section B: Caselets (40 marks)
This section consists of Caselets.
Answer all the questions.
Each caselet carries 20 marks.
Detailed information should form the part of your answer (Word limit 150 to 200 words).
Caselet 1
Project partnering at British Airports Authority (BAA)
The construction sector in recent times has not been noted for its high levels of performance. Firms
like BAA, who own and operate airports including Heathrow and Gatwick – London’s two major
airports – rely heavily on their suppliers, including their construction suppliers, for their own
performance. Where construction projects are delayed, the financial consequences can be disastrous.
Furthermore, the disciplines of working on airport premises, including the security issues, play a
3. Examination Paper of Project Management
3
IIBM Institute of Business Management
significant part in the daily working lives of project staff. New firms bringing new staff onto the
airport sites invariably require time to bring them up to speed with the appropriate ways of working.
Particular problems include:
Security – all personnel with access to airside parts of the airport (i.e. past passport control) must
be security vetted and trained. The vetting process takes six weeks, so firms must prepare project
staff in advance;
Deliveries – getting materials into the airport is problematic, due to significant congestion and
lack of availability of areas for storage;
Constant use of terminal buildings by passengers – the closing of areas causes problems with
passenger capacity. The firms are required to work with the constraints of passengers using the
areas around where the work is being carried out and physical and noise intrusion must be kept to
a minimum;
The commercial activities (shops and restaurants) are the economic lifeblood of the business, with
large ground-rents. The objective of projects involving these areas is not simply to complete
works on time but as early as possible, so that the areas can start to generate rental incomes.
The traditional approach to managing fit-out projects (changing internal layouts to accommodate
different facilities and in particular new retail facilities) was that every contract was different, and
would be negotiated with different contractors. These would then employ their own sub-contractors to
carry out parts of the work. The approach that has worked far better for all concerned has been
through the appointment of lead contractors, with long-term contracts – in most cases 10 years – to be
the prime supplier of fit-out services to B.A.A. This particular contract was awarded to MACE. As
part of the agreement, BAA has paid for MACE staff to attend training programmes. This has
extended further, with help being offered to their suppliers – of both materials and labour – for
development. Where particular problems are identified, the supplier can be asked to take part in an
improvement programme. Satisfactory completion can result in similar long-term deals (tied to
continual improvement) being offered to those suppliers. In some cases the problems – particularly
with designs for areas – have been the responsibility of BAA. The mechanisms are now in place to
identify these problems and to introduce new practices to avoid them in future.
1) Summarise the arguments for such a policy of partnering with a major supplier such as BAA and
MACE have done here.
2) Carry out further research to identify further examples of partnering in projects. How well do they
appear to be working?
Caselet 2
The Big Dig
Any project that involves tunnelling is risky. Any project that involved tunneling under a city whilst
trying to keep that city fully operational, is very risky. When that city is bottom in the USA, it is in a
risk category all of its own. This does not, how – ever, excuse the financial performance of this
project, the results of which are exceptional and even make the performance of previous ‘stars of
disaster’ such as the Channel Tunnel, look good. During the 1950s, the Commonwealth of
Massachusetts commissioned new roads as part of a national road-building frenzy that took place at
that time. The result was a partly elevated freeway that cut the city off from its old harbour and over
time coped increasingly less well with the volumes of traffic that were trying to use it. For many
years, the project had been the subject of much politicking and had been rejected by a number of
national administrations. In 1993, it was given the go-ahead. At this time the budget was $US2.6
4. Examination Paper of Project Management
4
IIBM Institute of Business Management
billion, an enormous sum of money for an 8-mile tunnel, but given the technical complexity of the
task, this was considered acceptable. Gradually the costs rose, until in 1998, the estimated final cost
was 410.4 billion. By mid-2000 this had risen to $13 billion and by mid-2001 to over $15 billion. It
was still considered a technical success, but both politically and economically, it was a disaster. In
project management terms it is also a disaster – a 500 per cent-plus overrun on budget can only be
described as ‘talented’. How did such a financial disaster occur? The first is a feature of many large
‘political’ projects – that the ‘real cost’ would not be politically acceptable. The original budget was
deliberately deflated to make the project happen. The second is technical risk – that of the tunnelling
process. The ground through which the tunnelling is being carried out is reclaimed land that was
originally under the sea. The tunnelling process being used was also new, presenting a degree of
technical novelty.
1) How might the project be considered a technical success but an economic, political and project
management disaster?
2) Suggest how the 500 per cent-plus overrun might have come about.
END OF SECTION B
Section C: Applied Theory (30 marks)
This section consists of Long Questions.
Answer all the questions.
Each question carries 15 marks.
Detailed information should form the part of your answer (Word limit 200 to 250 words).
1. Define the term Integration Management? And how would you explain the Project plan in detail?
2. The funds and personnel requirements of the project change significantly with the stage of its life
cycle. What are the stages in the life cycle of project? Describe them.
END OF SECTION C
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