1. Trees play an important role in the environment by improving air quality, reducing greenhouse gases, providing habitats for wildlife, and reducing noise pollution. They remove pollutants from the air and produce oxygen. Mature trees can produce enough oxygen for 10 people each year. Trees also help reduce stress. 2. Trees provide many benefits but are being cut down unsustainably due to population growth and illegal logging. This threatens forests and human life by reducing oxygen production and disrupting rainfall. 3. Large-scale tree planting programs aim to educate communities on the importance of trees and train people in planting and caring for trees. Thousands of trees have been planted across several Indian states to help address environmental issues.

1. 1.Importanceof trees
Trees play an especially important role in enhancing our quality of life in the
urban environment and this is acknowledged in the Governments
Sustainable DevelopmentStrategy. They screenunsightly structures and
activities, give privacy and softenthe hard lines of buildings. Trees also
bring colour and contrasts into the urban environment.
Not only do trees have a visual quality, but they also enhance the
environment in less obvious ways.
Trees improve air quality by acting as natural air filters removing dust,
smoke and fumes from the atmosphere by trapping them on their leaves,
branches and trunks. Just 1 hectare of beechwoodland can extract 4
tonnes of dust per year from the atmosphere.
Trees reduce the 'Greenhouse' effectby removing carbon dioxide from the
air and releasing oxygen. Each year a mature tree produces enough
oxygen for 10 people.
Trees are also an effective sound barrier and can limit noise pollution.
Recentresearch shows that trees also help reduce the stress of modern
life.
Trees in themselves benefitthe environment and the landscape, but they
are also an integral part of the ecosystem providing benefits to wildlife and
biodiversity. Trees,especiallyolder or veteran trees and those in groups or
woodlands, provide habitats for native ground flora such as bluebells and
fauna, particularly bats, red squirrels and invertebrates.
The planting of trees and the care and preservation of mature trees can go
a long way to making Trafford a great place to live, work learn and relax.
2. Trees are the most beautiful creation - They come in all shapes and sizes. Tall
and short. Round and conical. Green and brown. Covered in Flowers, fruits,
leaves...the wonderful world of Trees. I am obsessed with Trees. There is
something magical about the world of Trees. When I sit and look at them, I can
stare at them for hours. As if the Trees talk back to me.

2. So wonderfully giving is their nature. And they give so generously without any
grudge or bias. Everthing about the Tree is for others. There is so much generosity
in the life of a Tree. Only giving is their True nature.
They are a home to so many birds and other creatures. Even us humans take so
much out from a Tree. Oxygen, Flowers, Fruits, Wood, Medicines... so much!
Looking at a Tree is such a stres releiver. I do it very often. Sit near a Tree and
stare at the Tree. Admire the detailing. Each stem, each leaf, each flower and
fruit....what a wonderful creation of nature.
If you have ever noticed, they are seen growing in such unique shapes and sizes.
Giving away so many unique stems and shoots. Trunk and shapes...each Tree is
like a human being. Unique.
3.Tress Provide Oxygen - In order to produce 1kg of timber, a tree
consumes 1.47kg of CO2 and returns just over a kilo of oxygen into the
atmosphere. When trees are harvested and used to make wood products,
the carbon remains stored in the wood for the life of the product. About
50 per cent of the dry weight of wood is carbon.
It is far more preferable to have the carbon stored in trees and in wood
products on the surface of the Earth than in the atmosphere, where it
contributes to climate change. Using wood to build long-lasting, efficient
and durable homes and other buildings will help reduce the amount of
carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.
Wood has been one of the main building materials throughout human
history.
Westminster Hall (top left) in London has been storing carbon since the
time that Henry VIII was on the throne over 700 years ago. Similarly,
Greenstead Church in southern England has locked up carbon for over
1000 years. On a smaller scale Egyptian wood chairs sequestered carbon
4000 years ago!
4. trees cause rainfall -

3. During photosynthesisplantslose water as water vapour from their aerial
partsthrough a process called as transpiration.
These water vapours go to the air in surrounding atmosphereand increase
the normalmoistureof the in it. It saturatestheair faster and bring rains.
Thisall happensin something called water cycle.
Simplifying it:
Plantsrelease water vapor intothe air in a process called transpiration.
They release extra water in theform of water vapour from small holes of
their leaves known as stomata ,that water vapour risesinthe atmosphere
and form new rainclouds and that water vapour returnsto earth in form of
rain.
5. CUTTING OF TREES –
Todaythe destructionof forests has increasedalong with population
growth.People do not know that the trees are our life-givers.From
trees,we get the life-giving air (oxygen).With trees and forests,we
meet many of our needs. At the same time, forests cause rains. But
due to population explosion,humansare indiscriminately harvesting
forests for their needs.Thatis why the existence of forests today is in
danger.Consequently,human life is also in danger.
Trees are cutillegally in forests.On one hand,the governmentis
spendingcroresof rupees for environmentalprotection,on the other;
the wood mafia has no qualms in denuding the forestof tree cover.
The mafia has been cutting the trees and transporting the wood with a
vengeance.
6.- TREE PLANTATIONDRIVE WHOLE NATION –
Planting one tree means planting a whole living system.
Our dedicated tree plantation program works toward
communicating this very idea to masses. Using distinct
socio- cultural tools, like street theatre, poster exhibitions,
lectures, presentations, we sensitize masses on scientific,
social, cultural and spiritual importance of trees.
Description of this multifaceted role of trees is enough to
generate that warmth within the hearts of children, within
the hearts of the mothers, within the hearts of fathers,
within the hearts of grandparents. And then we train them

4. in the art of planting and caring for trees. The initiative
has reached several communities in states of Punjab,
Maharashtra, and Himachal Pradesh as well as NCR,
thousands of children, youth and women across the
country have been trained in the art of planting trees,
thousands of trees have been planted and several others
are being protected.
POLLUTION
1.AGE OF POLLUTION –
Pollution is the introduction of contaminantsinto the natural
environmentthat cause adverse change.[1]
Pollution can take
the form of chemicalsubstances or energy,such as noise,heat
or light. Pollutants,the components of pollution,can be either
foreign substances/energiesor naturally occurring
contaminants.Pollution is often classed as point
sourceor nonpointsource pollution.In 2015,pollution killed 9
million people in the world.
2.types of pollution –
Accordingly,the main types of pollution are:
 Water Pollution.
 Air Pollution.
 Soil Pollution.
 Thermal Pollution.
 Radioactive Pollution.
 Noise Pollution.
 Light Pollution.
3.– NUCLEAR TESTING –
The material contained in this chapter is based on official
government sources as well as information provided by
research institutions,policy organizations,peer-reviewed
journals and eye witness accounts.

5. The CTBTO remains neutral in any ongoing disputes
related to compensation for veterans of the nuclear test
programmes.
Nuclear weapons have been tested in all environments since
1945: in the atmosphere, underground and underwater. Tests
have been carried out onboard barges, on top of towers,
suspended from balloons, on the Earth’s surface, more than
600 metres underwater and over 200 metres underground.
Nuclear test bombs have also been dropped by aircraft and
fired by rockets up to 320 km into the atmosphere.
4- USE OF FERTILIZATION –
Farmers turn to fertilizers because these substances contain
plant nutrients such as nitrogen,phosphorus,and
potassium. Fertilizers are simply plant nutrients applied to
agriculturalfields to supplementrequired elements found
naturally in the soil. Fertilizers have been used since the start of
agriculture.