Young lovers experiencing new romantic feelings will initially show signs of shyness like avoiding eye contact and looking at the ground. As the relationship develops and confidence grows, they will start having long periods of intense eye contact and gazing at each other. Further into the relationship, they may show signs of mutual attachment like gentle physical touches and sitting close while talking. According to Goffman, direct eye contact indicates strong romantic feelings while averted eyes shows shyness.
Systemic Bias at Elections and Boundaries Department Continuespupbelize
Systemic bias continues unabated at Belize's electoral management body despite calls by the Opposition to hault such practices for reasons of integrity.
Social Intelligence (SI) is the ability to successfully build relationships and navigate social environments.
Our society puts a huge emphasis on book smarts and IQ, but our relationships effect a much bigger part of our lives.
Social smarts are far more important than your book smarts.
Building strong social relationships is worth the effort:
Strong relationships improve our immune system and help combat disease.
Loneliness and weak relationships are one of the major sources of stress, health problems and depression.
Our relationships affect every area of our lives–from colleagues to spouses to friends to kids.
Interpersonal relationship For B.sc & M.sc StudentsTarun bali
This PPT is about interpersonal relationship. This PPT is suitable for B.sc, M.sc Nursing students. I have covered definition of interpersonal relationship, Purpose of interpersonal relationship, Types of interpersonal relationship, Barriers of interpersonal relationship and Techniques to improve the interpersonal relationship.
A Sociological Approach to Self and Identity .docxransayo
A Sociological Approach to Self and Identity*
Jan E. Stets and Peter J. Burke
Department of Sociology
Washington State University
* Chapter for Handbook of Self and Identity, edited by Mark Leary and June Tangney, Guilford Press,
Forthcoming.
Note: This is a short, but difficult, reading. I have highlighted various words and phrases that are either important, or that should jump out
to you as things we have covered in the class. However, parts of this reading go beyond what we will ever cover in an Intro course,
so do your best to get through it and realize that you may not understand every aspect of what they are saying. In other words, don’t
get bogged down by the reading—just keep going.
You should pay particular attention to:
- how “the self” relies on social interaction
- how “the self” involves taking oneself as an object of thought
- how “identity” is different from the self
1
A Sociological Approach to Self and Identity
Thoughts on Social Structure
A sociological approach to self and identity begins with the assumption that there is a reciprocal
relationship between the self and society (Stryker, 1980). The self influences society through the actions
of individuals thereby creating groups, organizations, networks, and institutions. And, reciprocally,
society influences the self through its shared language and meanings that enable a person to take the role
of the other, engage in social interaction, and reflect upon oneself as an object. The latter process of
reflexivity constitutes the core of selfhood (McCall & Simmons, 1978; Mead, 1934). Because the self
emerges in and is reflective of society, the sociological approach to understanding the self and its parts
(identities) means that we must also understand the society in which the self is acting, and keep in mind
that the self is always acting in a social context in which other selves exist (Stryker, 1980). This chapter
focuses primarily on the nature of self and identity from a sociological perspective, thus some discussion
of society is warranted. The nature of the self and what individuals do depends to a large extent on the
society within which they live.
In general, sociologists are interested in understanding the nature of society or social structure: its
forms and patterns, the ways in which it develops and is transformed. The traditional symbolic
interactionist perspective known as the situational approach to self and society, sees society as always in
the process of being created through the interpretations and definitions of actors in situations (Blumer,
1969). Actors identify the things that need to be taken into account for themselves, act on the basis of
those identifications, and attempt to fit their lines of action with others in the situation to accomplish their
goals. From this perspective, the inference is made that individuals are free to define the situation in any
way they care to, .
1. EYE CONTACT
“In the case of young lovers experiencing the first intense emotions of mutual attraction ,
there are some very noticeable patterns of gazing”
-usually, there’s a shyness between the 2 lovebirds at the beginning. The battle inside them
between wanting to gaze at the person and the shyness that makes them stare at the
ground or anywhere else is a definite sign of a starting amorous relationship. As the
relationship evolves, so do the feelings of confidence, the couple ending up staring at each
other for long periods of time or gazing in each other’s eyes. (“period of rapt attention”)
After this period, when they have truly laid they’re fears aside and the fear is gone, they
may be seen sitting together, making small intimate gestures, touching while they talk. This
would be a sign of “mutual attachment”. (“making gentle physical contacts”)
“It can be said that a direct stare indicates intensely active feelings of an amorous kind,
while a deflected gaze is linked with shyness.”
• Goffman suggests –
• What we need to know is what our audience expects and to be sensitive to the
requirements of the situation.
• Impression management suggests we can choose which particular self-image we
present in a particular situation.
• Gergen (1965) examined how self esteem is effected by others reactions
• Fazio (1981) examined how the way people see themselves can be influenced by the
questins asked of the,
2. • Morse and Gergen (1970) examined how self concept can be re-assessed if and
when the situation changed.
• The extent to which we pay attention to ourselves as social objects affects how we
see ourselves.
• Duval and Wickland (1972)
• Schlenker (1980)
Personal bond = body proximity
Anthony Gideon confluent love model
Goffman screen love
• In long-term relationships our self-presentation needs to be consistent.
» Freedman and Fraser (1966)