The document discusses topics related to software quality assurance and testing. It covers definitions of testing, types of testing activities like static and dynamic testing, different levels of testing from unit to system level. It also discusses test criteria, coverage, and agile testing approaches. The overall document provides an overview of key concepts in software quality assurance and testing.
This document discusses requirements analysis and design. It covers the types and characteristics of requirements, as well as the tasks involved in requirements engineering including inception, elicitation, elaboration, negotiation, specification, validation, and management. It also discusses problems that commonly occur in requirements practices and solutions through proper requirements engineering. Additionally, it outlines goals and elements of analysis modeling, including flow-oriented, scenario-based, class-based, and behavioral modeling. Finally, it discusses the purpose and tasks of design engineering in translating requirements models into design models.
Prezentācija par atvērtā pirmkoda programmēšanas valodas Python izmantošanu skolā. Prezentācijā pamatota Python izvēle, sniegta īsa pamācība uzstādīšanā populārākajās operētājsistēmās, demonstrēti koda piemēri, kā arī dotas saites uz citiem piemēriem, praktiskiem uzdevumiem.
Prezentācija demonstrēta 2013. gada 1. novembrī LatSTE darbnīcas laikā LU Linux centrā.
Koda paraugus atradīsiet šajā saitē: http://ej.uz/py_kods
The document discusses key concepts for managing software projects including the four Ps of project management: People, Product, Process, and Project. It describes stakeholders and team structures, and emphasizes establishing clear objectives and scope, tracking progress, and learning lessons through post-mortem reviews. Metrics for both processes and products are discussed to assess status, risks, and quality in order to guide improvement.
The document discusses software quality assurance (SQA) and quality control (QC). It defines SQA as a planned set of activities to evaluate the development process and ensure software meets requirements. QC focuses on reviews, inspections, and tests to find and remove defects before product release. Formal technical reviews (FTRs) are important QC activities that involve evaluation of work products by other engineers to uncover errors early. The goal is to improve quality and catch the majority of defects in a cost-effective manner.
The document discusses various topics related to software quality management including defining software products and processes, important quality attributes, quality assurance and standards, quality planning and control, software testing, inspections and reviews, software measurement and metrics, and the role of formal methods. Quality is defined as a product meeting its specifications and having required quality attributes. Both product and process quality are important and various activities help ensure quality is achieved.
This document outlines the course objectives and units for a Project Management course. The course aims to teach students to plan, manage, and deliver successful software projects throughout the software development lifecycle. The first unit covers evaluating and planning projects, including importance of project management, methodologies, project categorization, setting objectives, risk evaluation, and stepwise project planning. Additional details are provided on project phases, stakeholders, management skills, and challenges with software projects.
In this presentation, it will cover different software development methodologies. These include the common types of SDM, and the pros and cons.
A software development methodology involves several steps. These include planning, structuring, and performance tracking.
In some instances, it may also include extreme programming. The objective is to streamline the process when developing software or any product.
Almost all software development methodologies are non-technical. This means they do not deal with the technical aspects of software design and development. They focus more on the internal operations, and other processes involved in the project.
Take note that each has its specific features. Gauge your options, and choose the best one that suits your needs.
The document discusses topics related to software quality assurance and testing. It covers definitions of testing, types of testing activities like static and dynamic testing, different levels of testing from unit to system level. It also discusses test criteria, coverage, and agile testing approaches. The overall document provides an overview of key concepts in software quality assurance and testing.
This document discusses requirements analysis and design. It covers the types and characteristics of requirements, as well as the tasks involved in requirements engineering including inception, elicitation, elaboration, negotiation, specification, validation, and management. It also discusses problems that commonly occur in requirements practices and solutions through proper requirements engineering. Additionally, it outlines goals and elements of analysis modeling, including flow-oriented, scenario-based, class-based, and behavioral modeling. Finally, it discusses the purpose and tasks of design engineering in translating requirements models into design models.
Prezentācija par atvērtā pirmkoda programmēšanas valodas Python izmantošanu skolā. Prezentācijā pamatota Python izvēle, sniegta īsa pamācība uzstādīšanā populārākajās operētājsistēmās, demonstrēti koda piemēri, kā arī dotas saites uz citiem piemēriem, praktiskiem uzdevumiem.
Prezentācija demonstrēta 2013. gada 1. novembrī LatSTE darbnīcas laikā LU Linux centrā.
Koda paraugus atradīsiet šajā saitē: http://ej.uz/py_kods
The document discusses key concepts for managing software projects including the four Ps of project management: People, Product, Process, and Project. It describes stakeholders and team structures, and emphasizes establishing clear objectives and scope, tracking progress, and learning lessons through post-mortem reviews. Metrics for both processes and products are discussed to assess status, risks, and quality in order to guide improvement.
The document discusses software quality assurance (SQA) and quality control (QC). It defines SQA as a planned set of activities to evaluate the development process and ensure software meets requirements. QC focuses on reviews, inspections, and tests to find and remove defects before product release. Formal technical reviews (FTRs) are important QC activities that involve evaluation of work products by other engineers to uncover errors early. The goal is to improve quality and catch the majority of defects in a cost-effective manner.
The document discusses various topics related to software quality management including defining software products and processes, important quality attributes, quality assurance and standards, quality planning and control, software testing, inspections and reviews, software measurement and metrics, and the role of formal methods. Quality is defined as a product meeting its specifications and having required quality attributes. Both product and process quality are important and various activities help ensure quality is achieved.
This document outlines the course objectives and units for a Project Management course. The course aims to teach students to plan, manage, and deliver successful software projects throughout the software development lifecycle. The first unit covers evaluating and planning projects, including importance of project management, methodologies, project categorization, setting objectives, risk evaluation, and stepwise project planning. Additional details are provided on project phases, stakeholders, management skills, and challenges with software projects.
In this presentation, it will cover different software development methodologies. These include the common types of SDM, and the pros and cons.
A software development methodology involves several steps. These include planning, structuring, and performance tracking.
In some instances, it may also include extreme programming. The objective is to streamline the process when developing software or any product.
Almost all software development methodologies are non-technical. This means they do not deal with the technical aspects of software design and development. They focus more on the internal operations, and other processes involved in the project.
Take note that each has its specific features. Gauge your options, and choose the best one that suits your needs.
Code reviews are a powerful tool in ensuring and maintaining quality in your application, but they can be very difficult to get right. When they're misunderstood or poorly executed, they can even make a bad situation worse.
In this session I'll use my professional experience to give you some tactics for getting great benefit from code reviews. We'll talk about tools, about process and most importantly about attitude! Whether you're a developer or a technical lead, come along and find out how to perform a genuinely useful code review and provide constructive feedback in the quickest time possible.
This document provides an overview of version control systems and Git/GitHub. It begins by defining version control as a system to track changes to files over time. It then discusses Git as a version control system and GitHub as a hosting service for Git repositories. Key concepts for GitHub users like repositories, forking, and upstream are defined. The document demonstrates the GitHub workflow and shows how to create repositories using the GitHub Desktop GUI.
This document discusses quality attributes that are important considerations for software architects. It defines key attributes like availability, modifiability, performance, security, and testability. It presents these attributes as general scenarios to help stakeholders communicate and understand them. The document also covers business qualities and architectural qualities that influence design decisions.
The document outlines a checklist of non-functional requirements for software development projects. It includes sections on security, audit, performance, capacity, availability, reliability, integrity, recovery, compatibility, maintainability, usability, and documentation. Each section lists specific requirements to consider such as login requirements, response times, storage needs, backup frequencies, look and feel standards, and required documentation.
O documento apresenta uma palestra sobre verificação, validação e testes de software. A agenda inclui conceitos básicos, o negócio da V&V, modelo em V, planejamento, revisão técnica e tipos de testes. O palestrante tem experiência em processos CMMi e liderança de projetos de software embarcado.
Verificação e validação (V&V) são processos para melhorar a qualidade de software e produtividade. V&V permite identificar problemas cedo e corrigi-los antes da entrega, aumentando a produtividade. Técnicas estáticas como revisões e inspeções verificam a qualidade antes dos testes dinâmicos. Testes de software como caixa branca e preta são importantes para validar que o software atende aos requisitos.
This lecture provides short and comprehensive view of software project and risk management. It has basic examples and calculations which is main concern of software project manager. This lecture helps to understand basics of risk management.
Quality Management in Software Engineering SE24koolkampus
This document discusses quality management in software development. It covers quality assurance and standards, quality planning, quality control, software measurement and metrics. Quality management aims to ensure the required level of quality is achieved in software products by defining quality standards and procedures and making quality everyone's responsibility. Standards are key to effective quality management as they encapsulate best practices and provide a framework for quality assurance processes. Quality reviews and software measurement are important for quality control.
O documento descreve os principais conceitos de engenharia de software, incluindo: (1) as camadas de engenharia de software focadas em qualidade, processos, métodos e ferramentas; (2) os modelos de processo de desenvolvimento de software como linear seqüencial, prototipação, incremental e espiral; (3) o Rational Unified Process (RUP) como um modelo de processo iterativo e incremental baseado em componentes e casos de uso.
O documento discute os principais componentes, tipos e problemas do software, incluindo estimativas imprecisas de prazo e custo, baixa qualidade e produtividade. Também aborda as causas destes problemas, como a falta de experiência de gerentes e treinamento formal de desenvolvedores, além da mitologia em torno do software que pode levar a expectativas irrealistas.
This document discusses software quality infrastructure components and procedures and work instructions. It provides details on:
- The need for standardized procedures to efficiently perform tasks and communicate between teams.
- A conceptual hierarchy from international standards to organizational policies to procedures to work instructions.
- The contents and organization of procedures manuals and work instruction manuals.
- Training, certification, and performance follow-up of staff to ensure conformity with standards.
- Software configuration management including identifying software configuration items, controlling changes, and releasing versions.
The document describes the Rapid Application Development (RAD) model. Some key points:
- RAD focuses on rapid prototyping and iterative development with minimal upfront planning. Requirements are gathered through workshops and prototypes are tested by customers.
- It involves developing modular functional prototypes in parallel that are then integrated into a complete product, allowing for faster delivery.
- RAD projects have small cross-functional teams working incrementally on prototypes to refine requirements through customer feedback on working models.
The document discusses Object Oriented Design and Analysis using the Rational Unified Process (RUP). RUP is an iterative software development process framework for building object-oriented systems. It is comprised of four phases - Inception, Elaboration, Construction, and Transition. Within each phase are iterative cycles of requirements analysis, design, implementation, testing and feedback. The goal is to produce high-quality software that meets user needs within schedule and budget.
The document describes key components of software design including data design, architectural design, interface design, and procedural design. It discusses the goals of the design process which are to implement requirements, create an understandable guide for code generation and testing, and address implementation from data, functional, and behavioral perspectives. The document also covers concepts like abstraction, refinement, modularity, program structure, data structures, software procedures, information hiding, and cohesion and coupling.
The document provides an overview of software testing and quality assurance. It discusses that testing checks for mistakes and defects, which are important to identify as some can be expensive or dangerous. Both static and dynamic testing methods are used to test software throughout its development lifecycle. The objectives of testing are to determine if software meets requirements, demonstrate it is fit for purpose, and detect defects. Root cause analysis seeks to understand why defects occur. Testing aims to find the right amount of testing based on risk rather than being completely exhaustive.
I recently took a trip to Kaunas, Lithuania and brought my camera to take photos. I have compiled an album of 20 photos from my visit, including pictures of the old town area, churches, and other sights around the city. The photo album provides a glimpse into some of the highlights from my travels to Kaunas.
Code reviews are a powerful tool in ensuring and maintaining quality in your application, but they can be very difficult to get right. When they're misunderstood or poorly executed, they can even make a bad situation worse.
In this session I'll use my professional experience to give you some tactics for getting great benefit from code reviews. We'll talk about tools, about process and most importantly about attitude! Whether you're a developer or a technical lead, come along and find out how to perform a genuinely useful code review and provide constructive feedback in the quickest time possible.
This document provides an overview of version control systems and Git/GitHub. It begins by defining version control as a system to track changes to files over time. It then discusses Git as a version control system and GitHub as a hosting service for Git repositories. Key concepts for GitHub users like repositories, forking, and upstream are defined. The document demonstrates the GitHub workflow and shows how to create repositories using the GitHub Desktop GUI.
This document discusses quality attributes that are important considerations for software architects. It defines key attributes like availability, modifiability, performance, security, and testability. It presents these attributes as general scenarios to help stakeholders communicate and understand them. The document also covers business qualities and architectural qualities that influence design decisions.
The document outlines a checklist of non-functional requirements for software development projects. It includes sections on security, audit, performance, capacity, availability, reliability, integrity, recovery, compatibility, maintainability, usability, and documentation. Each section lists specific requirements to consider such as login requirements, response times, storage needs, backup frequencies, look and feel standards, and required documentation.
O documento apresenta uma palestra sobre verificação, validação e testes de software. A agenda inclui conceitos básicos, o negócio da V&V, modelo em V, planejamento, revisão técnica e tipos de testes. O palestrante tem experiência em processos CMMi e liderança de projetos de software embarcado.
Verificação e validação (V&V) são processos para melhorar a qualidade de software e produtividade. V&V permite identificar problemas cedo e corrigi-los antes da entrega, aumentando a produtividade. Técnicas estáticas como revisões e inspeções verificam a qualidade antes dos testes dinâmicos. Testes de software como caixa branca e preta são importantes para validar que o software atende aos requisitos.
This lecture provides short and comprehensive view of software project and risk management. It has basic examples and calculations which is main concern of software project manager. This lecture helps to understand basics of risk management.
Quality Management in Software Engineering SE24koolkampus
This document discusses quality management in software development. It covers quality assurance and standards, quality planning, quality control, software measurement and metrics. Quality management aims to ensure the required level of quality is achieved in software products by defining quality standards and procedures and making quality everyone's responsibility. Standards are key to effective quality management as they encapsulate best practices and provide a framework for quality assurance processes. Quality reviews and software measurement are important for quality control.
O documento descreve os principais conceitos de engenharia de software, incluindo: (1) as camadas de engenharia de software focadas em qualidade, processos, métodos e ferramentas; (2) os modelos de processo de desenvolvimento de software como linear seqüencial, prototipação, incremental e espiral; (3) o Rational Unified Process (RUP) como um modelo de processo iterativo e incremental baseado em componentes e casos de uso.
O documento discute os principais componentes, tipos e problemas do software, incluindo estimativas imprecisas de prazo e custo, baixa qualidade e produtividade. Também aborda as causas destes problemas, como a falta de experiência de gerentes e treinamento formal de desenvolvedores, além da mitologia em torno do software que pode levar a expectativas irrealistas.
This document discusses software quality infrastructure components and procedures and work instructions. It provides details on:
- The need for standardized procedures to efficiently perform tasks and communicate between teams.
- A conceptual hierarchy from international standards to organizational policies to procedures to work instructions.
- The contents and organization of procedures manuals and work instruction manuals.
- Training, certification, and performance follow-up of staff to ensure conformity with standards.
- Software configuration management including identifying software configuration items, controlling changes, and releasing versions.
The document describes the Rapid Application Development (RAD) model. Some key points:
- RAD focuses on rapid prototyping and iterative development with minimal upfront planning. Requirements are gathered through workshops and prototypes are tested by customers.
- It involves developing modular functional prototypes in parallel that are then integrated into a complete product, allowing for faster delivery.
- RAD projects have small cross-functional teams working incrementally on prototypes to refine requirements through customer feedback on working models.
The document discusses Object Oriented Design and Analysis using the Rational Unified Process (RUP). RUP is an iterative software development process framework for building object-oriented systems. It is comprised of four phases - Inception, Elaboration, Construction, and Transition. Within each phase are iterative cycles of requirements analysis, design, implementation, testing and feedback. The goal is to produce high-quality software that meets user needs within schedule and budget.
The document describes key components of software design including data design, architectural design, interface design, and procedural design. It discusses the goals of the design process which are to implement requirements, create an understandable guide for code generation and testing, and address implementation from data, functional, and behavioral perspectives. The document also covers concepts like abstraction, refinement, modularity, program structure, data structures, software procedures, information hiding, and cohesion and coupling.
The document provides an overview of software testing and quality assurance. It discusses that testing checks for mistakes and defects, which are important to identify as some can be expensive or dangerous. Both static and dynamic testing methods are used to test software throughout its development lifecycle. The objectives of testing are to determine if software meets requirements, demonstrate it is fit for purpose, and detect defects. Root cause analysis seeks to understand why defects occur. Testing aims to find the right amount of testing based on risk rather than being completely exhaustive.
I recently took a trip to Kaunas, Lithuania and brought my camera to take photos. I have compiled an album of 20 photos from my visit, including pictures of the old town area, churches, and other sights around the city. The photo album provides a glimpse into some of the highlights from my travels to Kaunas.
The document summarizes the results of a survey of 50 students about their use of public transportation. Most students use cars to get to school rather than public transportation. While many students would like to get a driver's license and own a car, the document advocates using public transportation and lists its benefits. It provides statistics on how students typically commute including the time, distance, and cost of their journeys as well as the schedules of public buses. The document's goal is to promote greater use of public transportation among students.
- Epure Antoanela is a 15-year-old 9th grade student in Romania who enjoys spending time with family and friends and loves animals like dogs and parrots.
- Stefan Tiberiu is a 10-year-old 4th grade student in Romania who loves nature, sports, and music and has a passion for science.
- Teodora Saulea is a 17-year-old student from Romania who loves nature and biology and wants to study medicine.
Secondary School of Foreign Language Teaching "Vassil Levski" is a 40-year-old school located in Bourgas, Bulgaria that specializes in teaching Russian and Western languages like English, German, and French. It has over 750 students divided into 27 classes. The school has modern facilities including 15 classrooms, laboratories, and computer rooms. Teachers are well qualified and work closely with students on extracurricular activities while also participating in various local, national, and international programs.
The document discusses atmospheric pollution in Burgas, Bulgaria. It identifies the main sources of pollution as motor traffic, which accounts for 90% of atmospheric pollution by emitting nitric oxides, CO2, and particulate matter daily. Firewood and coal heating also contributes fine particles, especially in the town center. The Lukoil refinery emits a wide range of pollutants from industrial processes and leaks. Urban development and dust from construction also pollute the air. To examine pollution levels, students conducted experiments using Scotch tape in different locations, finding high amounts of particulate matter. Their conclusion is that particulate matter in combination with other emissions like NO2, SO2, CO2, NH3, and VOCs are causing a
2. Programmatūras izstrādes
etapi
Produkts savā izstrādes gaitā iziet caur
vairākām izstrādes fāzēm. Katra no
tām ir svarīga testēšanai. Dzīves ciklā
svarīgākās fāzes varētu būt:
– Plānošana
– Projektēšana
– Kodēšana un dokumentēšana
– Testēšana
– Uzturēšana un uzlabošana
3. Programmatūras izmaksas
• Analīze
3% • Projektēšana
7% • Testēšana
67%
• Specifikācija • Kodēšana • Uzturēšana
3% 5% 15%
Jo agrāk tiek atrasta un izlabota
kļūda, jo lētākas izmaksas
http://doit.ort.org/course/languages/391.htm
4. Izstrādes komanda
• Projekta vadītājs
• Projektētājs
– Arhitekts
• Programmatūras analītiķis
– Ergonomists
– Lietotāja interfeisa programmētājs
– Galvenais programmētājs
• Produkta menedžeris
• Tehniskā atbalsta pārstāvis
• Rakstnieks
• Testētājs
• Citi speciālisti.
Programmatūru parasti izstrādā cilvēku grupa, kuru mēs saucam par izstrādes komandu. Bieži vien programmu izstrādā viens cilvēks. Pat tādā gadījumā var uzskatīt, ka strādā dažādi speciālisti. Viens cilvēks var spēlēt dažādas lomas. Lomas varētu būt sekojošas:Projekta vadītājs - atbild par kvalitāti, plānošanu, produkta budžetu utt.Projektētājs – (var būt arī apakšklasifikācija)Arhitekts - visaptveroša projektēšana, datu struktūru un datu plūsmas specificēšana, moduļu plānošana un to izmantošana, augšējā līmeņa baltās kastes testu izstrāde, specifikācijas pārbaudītājsProgrammatūras analītiķis - pēta klientu vajadzības un formulē prasības citiem speciālistiemErgonomists - cilvēciskā faktora analītiķis, kas ir ar zināšanām psiholoģijā, nosaka produkta lietojamību, interfeisa ar lietotāju derīgumu.Lietotāja interfeisa programmētājs - izstrādā lietotāja interfeisu pamatojoties uz pētījumiem psiholoģija un jaunākajiem sasniegumiem interfeisu programmēðanā.Galvenais programmētājs - raksta iekšējās specifikācijas, galvenās programmas.Produkta menedžeris - atbild par produkta pārdošanu, ilgtermiņa plānošanu, mārketinga aktivitātēm.Tehniskā atbalsta pārstāvis - palīdz lietotājiem lietot produktu.Rakstnieks - raksta visa veida dokumentāciju un rokasgrāmatas.Testētājs - testē programmas.Citi speciālisti.
Cilvēku rīcību ikdienas dzīvē lielā mērā regulē instrukcijas, t.i., iepriekš izstrādātas operācijas un to izpildes kārtība, kas ļauj sasniegt vēlamo rezultātu. Kā piemēru var minēt mobilā telefona ekspluatāciju. Tikai precīzi izpildot atbilstošas instrukcijas var sasniegt vēlamo rezultātu. Lai iegūtu matemātiska rakstura uzdevuma atrisinājumu, ir jāzina šī uzdevuma atrisināšanas algoritms.Par algoritmu var uzskatīt konkrētas secības darbību kopumu, kura pielietojums dotiem objektiem, nodrošina meklējamā rezultāta iegūšanu.Algoritma pierakstam jābūt sadalītam precīzos nošķirtos soļos, kur katrā solī ir paredzēts izpildīt vienu vienkāršu norādījumu. Katru šādu norādījumu sauc par komandu.Sastādot, labojot un uzlabojot sarežģītākus algoritmus, to pieraksts teksta formā nav pietiekami uzskatāms un viegli lasāms. Tāpēc neretiprogrammēšanai paredzētos algoritmus veido ar grafisku elementu palīdzību.Algoritma pieraksta grafiskā forma ir blokshēma, kura veidota no atsevišķiem tipizētiem elementiem. Attēlā redzami blokshēmās izmantojamie grafiskie elementi.Vispārīgā gadījumā katra algoritma komanda sastāv no divām daļām: izpildāmās darbības un norādes uz vietu algoritma pierakstā, kur atrodas nākamā izpildāmā komanda.Strukturētā teksta pierakstā tiek pieņemts, ka pēc katras komandas izpildes algoritma izpildītājam jāpāriet pie komandas, kas atrodas nākamajā rindā, ja vien nav bijis norādījums izpildīt kādu citu komandu. Tāds pats pieņēmums ir spēkā arī Pascal programmās.
Blokshēmās uz katru nākamo izpildāmo komandu norāda bultiņa, kura "iziet" no izpildītās komandas. Katram blokshēmas elementam var pienākt viena bultiņa (izņēmums ir sākuma elements, kuram nepienāk neviena bultiņa). No katra blokshēmas elementa iziet tikai viena bultiņa (izņēmums ir beigu elements, no kura neiziet neviena bultiņa un sazarošanās elements, no kura iziet divas bultiņas). Algoritmus, kuru komandas tiek izpildītas tādā secībā, kādā tās pierakstītas, sauc par lineāriem algoritmiem. Blokshēmās lineāro algoritmu pierakstā nelieto sazarošanās elementus.Parasti algoritmi netiek rakstīti vienam konkrētam gadījumam vai uzdevumam, bet gan veselai līdzīgu uzdevumu grupai. Algoritma blokshēmas piemērs, atbilstoši kurai nosaka funkcijas t=2ab+5c vērtību, redzams attēlā.
Bieži vien vienu un to pašu rezultātu var sasniegt pēc formas dažādos veidos.Formas izmaiņa dod iespēju meklēt racionālāko risinājuma variantu konkrētā uzdevuma atrisināšanai ar mērķi taupīt datora resursus un radīt ērtas programmas.Tā, piemēram, vidējo vērtību var noteikt kā visu lielumu algebriskās summas dalījumu ar summējamo lielumu skaitu, av = (Sai )/ n , vai arī summējot katra lieluma n-tās daļas av = Sai n . Otrajā gadījumā tiek veikta (n-1) papildus aritmētiska darbība.No algebras zinām, ka lielums 2 2c = a - b iegūstams gan kā c = a × a - b × b , gan kā c = (a - b)(a + b). Šai piemērā darbību skaits abos gadījumos ir vienāds, atšķirīga irizpildes secība. Gadījumos, kad aprēķinu secība un saturs mainās atkarībā no iegūtajiem starprezultātiem, mēs nonākam pie sazarotas aprēķinu shēmas. Aprēķinu gaitā, nonākot pie kāda loģiska nosacījuma, tiek pārbaudīts, vai šis nosacījums izpildās, vai nē. Pozitīva rezultāta gadījumā uzdevuma risinājums tiek veikts izpildot vienas izskaitļošanas operācijas, bet pretējā gadījumā citas operācijas.Tāds gadījums parādīts blokshēmā a). Iespējams arī nepilnā sazarojuma gadījums, kad nosacījuma pārbaudes rezultātā tiek izpildīta tikai viena operātoru grupa. Šis gadījums attēlots blokshēmā b). Nav izslēgts gadījums, ka izpildot pirmā vai otrā veida operācijas atkal nonākam pie kāda cita loģiskā nosacījuma, kurš atkal regulē turpmāko aprēķinu gaitu.Attēlā c) parādīts viens no šāda veida iespējamiem gadījumiem.
Ciklisku aprēķinu gadījumā katra cikla izpildes gaitā izmainās cikla parametri un atkarībā no to vērtībām ciks tiek atkārtots vai arī pārtraukts. Šāds algoritms organizē neierobežotu ciklu skaitu. Tā blokshēma parādīta attēlā.
