This document provides an overview of various civil engineering materials including timber, sand, aggregate, mortar, and concrete. It discusses the types, properties, requirements and uses of each material. Timber types include hardwood and softwood. Sand is classified as fine, medium, or coarse. Aggregate can be natural or artificial, and classified by size as fine or coarse aggregate. Mortar requirements include workability and water retention. Mortar types include cement, lime, lightweight, fire resistant, and mud mortar. Concrete uses cement, water, aggregates and sometimes admixtures to bond together with strength, durability and versatility.
Seminar report on Non Destructive TestingSakshyam Rai
This document provides a summary of non-destructive testing (NDT) methods. It discusses various NDT techniques such as visual inspection, dye penetration testing, magnetic particle inspection, and ultrasonic testing. For each method, it explains the basic principles, testing procedures, advantages, and limitations. The document is a report submitted by a student to their professor on the topic of NDT, as indicated by the title and introduction. It aims to inform the reader about common NDT approaches through detailed descriptions of select techniques.
concrete which has enabled the study of chloride diffusion in concrete (which causes corrosion of reinforcement). Concrete is, after all, a macro-material strongly influenced by its nano-properties and understanding it at this new level is yielding new avenues for improvement of strength, durability and monitoring.
nanotechnology in concrete materials
nano cement
nanotechnology review
applications of concrete
hydraulic cement in caulking tubes
quikrete msds sheets
ingram readymix
nano concrete sealer
interesting civil engineering topics
civil engineering topics for presentation
civil seminar topics ppt
civil engineering seminar topics 2018
seminar topics pdf
best seminar topics for civil engineering
seminar topics for mechanical engineers
latest civil engineering seminar topics
1. This document discusses structural theories and applications of steel as a material. It provides an overview of the physical and mechanical properties of steel, how steel is produced, basic grades of steel, common steel sections, fire protection methods for steel structures, and the form of steel structures.
2. The document includes sections on the brief history of steel production, how steel durability is influenced by exposure conditions and treatment, elasticity properties of steel, measurement systems used to define steel properties, and concludes with advantages and disadvantages of steel structures.
3. References are provided and the document contains tables of contents and figures to illustrate steel properties and structural concepts.
NDT (NON DESTRUCTIVE TESTING) OF CONCRETE STRUCTURE ANSHULAnshul Shakya
Non-destructive testing (NDT) methods have a large potential to be part of such a system. NDT methods in general are widely used in several industry branches. Aircrafts, nuclear facilities, chemical plants, electronic devices and other safety critical installations are tested regularly with fast and reliable testing technologies. A variety of advanced NDT methods are available for metallic or composite materials. In reassessment of existing structures, have become available for concrete structures, but are still not established for regular inspections.
Therefore,the objective of this project is to study the applicability, performance, availability, complexity and restrictions of NDT. The purpose of establishing standard procedures for nondestructive testing (NDT) of concrete structures is to qualify and quantify the material properties of in-situ concrete without intrusively examining the material properties. There are many techniques that are currently being research for the NDT of materials today. It is focuses on the NDT methods relevant for the inspection and monitoring of concrete materials. In recent years, innovative NDT methods, which can be used for the assessment of existing structures, have become available for concrete structures, but are still not established for regular inspections. Therefore, the objective of this project is to study the applicability, performance, availability, complexity and restrictions of NDT.
The purpose of establishing standard procedures for nondestructive testing (NDT) of concrete structures is to qualify and quantify the material properties of in-situ concrete without intrusively examining the material properties. There are many techniques that are currently being research for the NDT of materials today. This chapter focuses on the NDT methods relevant for the inspection and monitoring of concrete materials.
The quality of new concrete structures is dependent on many factors such as type of cement, type of aggregates, water cement ratio, curing, environmental conditions etc. Besides this, the control exercised during construction also contributes a lot to achieve the desired quality. The present system of checking slump and testing cubes, to assess the strength of concrete, in structure under construction, are not sufficient as the actual strength of the structure depend on many other factors such as proper compaction, effective curing also. Considering the above requirements, need of testing of hardened concrete in new structures as well as old structures, is there to assess the actual condition of structures.
This document provides an overview of non-destructive testing (NDT) and visual inspection methods. It discusses that NDT allows inspection of materials and components without destroying them, unlike destructive testing. Visual inspection is the simplest and most common NDT method, and can be unaided or aided using tools like borescopes, microscopes, and cameras. Visual testing is used to detect surface defects and conditions and can be applied to inspect parts, equipment, and structures both during manufacturing and in-service.
This document provides an overview of various civil engineering materials including timber, sand, aggregate, mortar, and concrete. It discusses the types, properties, requirements and uses of each material. Timber types include hardwood and softwood. Sand is classified as fine, medium, or coarse. Aggregate can be natural or artificial, and classified by size as fine or coarse aggregate. Mortar requirements include workability and water retention. Mortar types include cement, lime, lightweight, fire resistant, and mud mortar. Concrete uses cement, water, aggregates and sometimes admixtures to bond together with strength, durability and versatility.
Seminar report on Non Destructive TestingSakshyam Rai
This document provides a summary of non-destructive testing (NDT) methods. It discusses various NDT techniques such as visual inspection, dye penetration testing, magnetic particle inspection, and ultrasonic testing. For each method, it explains the basic principles, testing procedures, advantages, and limitations. The document is a report submitted by a student to their professor on the topic of NDT, as indicated by the title and introduction. It aims to inform the reader about common NDT approaches through detailed descriptions of select techniques.
concrete which has enabled the study of chloride diffusion in concrete (which causes corrosion of reinforcement). Concrete is, after all, a macro-material strongly influenced by its nano-properties and understanding it at this new level is yielding new avenues for improvement of strength, durability and monitoring.
nanotechnology in concrete materials
nano cement
nanotechnology review
applications of concrete
hydraulic cement in caulking tubes
quikrete msds sheets
ingram readymix
nano concrete sealer
interesting civil engineering topics
civil engineering topics for presentation
civil seminar topics ppt
civil engineering seminar topics 2018
seminar topics pdf
best seminar topics for civil engineering
seminar topics for mechanical engineers
latest civil engineering seminar topics
1. This document discusses structural theories and applications of steel as a material. It provides an overview of the physical and mechanical properties of steel, how steel is produced, basic grades of steel, common steel sections, fire protection methods for steel structures, and the form of steel structures.
2. The document includes sections on the brief history of steel production, how steel durability is influenced by exposure conditions and treatment, elasticity properties of steel, measurement systems used to define steel properties, and concludes with advantages and disadvantages of steel structures.
3. References are provided and the document contains tables of contents and figures to illustrate steel properties and structural concepts.
NDT (NON DESTRUCTIVE TESTING) OF CONCRETE STRUCTURE ANSHULAnshul Shakya
Non-destructive testing (NDT) methods have a large potential to be part of such a system. NDT methods in general are widely used in several industry branches. Aircrafts, nuclear facilities, chemical plants, electronic devices and other safety critical installations are tested regularly with fast and reliable testing technologies. A variety of advanced NDT methods are available for metallic or composite materials. In reassessment of existing structures, have become available for concrete structures, but are still not established for regular inspections.
Therefore,the objective of this project is to study the applicability, performance, availability, complexity and restrictions of NDT. The purpose of establishing standard procedures for nondestructive testing (NDT) of concrete structures is to qualify and quantify the material properties of in-situ concrete without intrusively examining the material properties. There are many techniques that are currently being research for the NDT of materials today. It is focuses on the NDT methods relevant for the inspection and monitoring of concrete materials. In recent years, innovative NDT methods, which can be used for the assessment of existing structures, have become available for concrete structures, but are still not established for regular inspections. Therefore, the objective of this project is to study the applicability, performance, availability, complexity and restrictions of NDT.
The purpose of establishing standard procedures for nondestructive testing (NDT) of concrete structures is to qualify and quantify the material properties of in-situ concrete without intrusively examining the material properties. There are many techniques that are currently being research for the NDT of materials today. This chapter focuses on the NDT methods relevant for the inspection and monitoring of concrete materials.
The quality of new concrete structures is dependent on many factors such as type of cement, type of aggregates, water cement ratio, curing, environmental conditions etc. Besides this, the control exercised during construction also contributes a lot to achieve the desired quality. The present system of checking slump and testing cubes, to assess the strength of concrete, in structure under construction, are not sufficient as the actual strength of the structure depend on many other factors such as proper compaction, effective curing also. Considering the above requirements, need of testing of hardened concrete in new structures as well as old structures, is there to assess the actual condition of structures.
This document provides an overview of non-destructive testing (NDT) and visual inspection methods. It discusses that NDT allows inspection of materials and components without destroying them, unlike destructive testing. Visual inspection is the simplest and most common NDT method, and can be unaided or aided using tools like borescopes, microscopes, and cameras. Visual testing is used to detect surface defects and conditions and can be applied to inspect parts, equipment, and structures both during manufacturing and in-service.
LIQUID PENETRANT AND MAGNETIC PARTICLE INSPECTIONSai Malleswar
Non-destructive testing (NDT) involves using physical methods to test materials for flaws without damaging them. Two common NDT methods are liquid penetrant testing and magnetic particle testing. Liquid penetrant testing uses a dye that is drawn into surface cracks when applied to non-porous materials. Magnetic particle testing magnetizes ferromagnetic materials and uses iron particles to reveal surface or near-surface flaws. Both methods are useful for quality control during manufacturing as they can detect a variety of flaw types and orientations in one test. However, they are limited to surface or near-surface flaws and require clean surfaces to apply the testing medium.
The document describes procedures for conducting a break-off test to determine the flexural tensile strength and compressive strength of concrete. Key steps include using a hydraulic jack to apply force and break off a concrete cylinder formed within the structure according to BS 1881 Part 207. This test directly measures flexural tensile strength at a predetermined depth below the surface. From these results, the tensile strength and compressive strength of the concrete can be determined using calibration curves.
This document discusses non-destructive testing methods for concrete, including ultrasonic pulse velocity testing, rebound hammer testing, and cover meter testing. Ultrasonic pulse velocity testing uses transducers to measure the speed of ultrasonic pulses traveling through concrete and can indicate quality, uniformity, and strength. Rebound hammer testing measures surface hardness through a spring-controlled hammer, where higher rebound values indicate stronger concrete. Cover meters use electromagnetic principles to locate and measure rebar cover thickness in concrete. Non-destructive testing allows evaluation of concrete properties without damaging the structure.
This document summarizes several non-destructive testing methods for concrete, including:
- Rebound hammer testing, which measures surface hardness to estimate strength. Factors like surface smoothness and moisture affect results.
- Ultrasonic pulse velocity testing, which times pulse transmission through concrete to determine strength. Transducers can be placed on different faces.
- Penetration and pull-out tests, which measure hardness by probe penetration depth or pull-out force, respectively, and correlate to strength. Surface damage occurs.
- Acoustic, radioactive, and nuclear methods have also been used to study crack initiation and location defects, though radioactive techniques risk safety issues.
Building Materials - Final assignment 2 briefSyafiq Zariful
This document outlines an assignment for a Bachelor of Quantity Surveying course. Students are asked to:
1) Research the building materials used in an existing building, including walls, floors, doors, windows, ceilings, staircases, columns and beams.
2) Compare the existing materials to two alternative materials and recommend a replacement for one existing material, justifying their choice.
3) Submit a report of 20-30 pages documenting their research into the existing materials, two alternatives, and their recommended replacement material. The report should cover the properties, applications, advantages, disadvantages and sustainability of the materials.
Fine aggregate with quarry dust and red soil in concreteVipin Rao
This document discusses a student project that aims to partially replace fine aggregate with quarry dust and red soil in concrete. The project is being conducted by 5 students to fulfill their Bachelor of Technology degree in Civil Engineering. It provides background on the increased demand for construction materials due to rapid urbanization in India, which has led to shortage of river sand used in concrete production. The document outlines the objectives of finding the suitability of quarry dust and red soil as partial replacements for fine aggregate in concrete. It also defines key terms such as concrete, aggregates, fine aggregate, quarry dust, and red soil.
Dampness occurs in buildings mainly due to condensation or water penetration from outside. It can cause damage to structures and health issues for occupants. Damp proof courses made of materials like concrete, bitumen, or plastic sheeting are used to prevent rising damp from the ground. The appropriate material depends on factors like climate, structure, and location. Common installation methods include using a cement concrete damp proof course at the plinth level and flexible materials like felt for floors or roofs. Proper installation techniques help ensure a continuous barrier against moisture.
Stones are naturally occurring rocks of igneous, sedimentary or metamorphic origin.
Most of the rocks are sufficiently consolidated to enable them to be cut or made into various shapes and blocks or slabs to be used walling, paving or roofing materials. Rocks are mostly used in the construction of buildings and hundreds of structures. Stones are categorised into building stones, ornamental stones and dimension stones.
The document presents research on cellular lightweight concrete (CLC), which has a lower density than normal concrete. It discusses three types of CLC production, advantages like reduced weight and costs, and applications for roofs, walls, and insulation. A case study is described that partially replaced coarse aggregate with pumice aggregate in concrete mixes. Testing showed compressive strength was highest at 60% replacement, making CLC a viable alternative to normal concrete for some non-load-bearing applications.
Heat treatment involves controlled heating and cooling of metals to alter properties like strength, hardness, and toughness. There are two main types of heat treatment for steels: hardening and softening. Hardening, such as austenitizing and quenching, involves heating steel to transform its structure to austenite and then rapidly cooling to trap carbon atoms, resulting in a very hard martensite structure. Softening processes like annealing and tempering are used to reduce the hardness of steel and make it more workable.
Kota stone flooring is one of the most trending flooring now a days. It's durable nature and colour variant, non porous nature are one of the reasons for it's popularity.
Aluminum can be formed into different products based on casting, extrusion, foil/powder, or sheet methods. Casting is used to make baluster heads, hardware, and security grills while extrusion produces doors/window frames, panels, domes, and space dividers. Foil and powder are used for decorative laminates, insulative foils, and paints. Sheet aluminum forms products like roofing, siding, gutters, and waterproofing membranes.
Concrete is the most widely used building material due to its low cost, fireproof and weatherproof properties, and ability to be molded into any shape. It is a composite material made of cement, water, and aggregates. Reinforced concrete is concrete strengthened with steel bars. Brick is made from fired clay and is cheap and strong in compression. Cast iron is strong but weaker than steel. Steel is one of the strongest materials and is used widely in construction. Aluminum is lightweight but expensive. Wood is cheap and moderately strong but can rot and burn easily. Plastic is flexible, lightweight, and strong in compression and tension but is expensive.
This document discusses various common building and construction materials. It describes natural materials like wood, soil and rock as well as artificial materials like cement, bricks, tiles and plastics. It then focuses on specific materials used frequently in construction like stone, brick, lime, cement, metal, timber, sand, aggregates and mortar. For each material, it outlines requirements and standard properties. It also details different types and common uses of each material in building and construction work.
The document discusses the rebound hammer test, which is a non-destructive testing method used to determine the compressive strength of concrete. The rebound hammer test works by striking an elastic mass against the concrete surface and measuring the rebound; a higher rebound number indicates higher compressive strength. Several factors can influence the test results, including the type of aggregate, cement, surface condition, curing and age of the concrete. To obtain accurate readings, the test procedure and data interpretation must account for these potential variables.
This document provides information on marble mining and processing in India. It begins with definitions and classifications of dimension stone and marble. It then discusses the history of stone use in India and geographical distribution of marble resources. The key points are that India has a long history of stone building construction, and houses a large portion of the world's marble resources, with the majority located in Rajasthan. The document proceeds to describe marble mining techniques, from conventional to modern mechanized methods. It outlines the processing of marble into blocks, slabs and tiles using gang saws and wire saws. Finally, it discusses the marble trade, with major export countries being the US, China, and Italy, and major imports from Italy, Sri Lanka,
A STUDY OF GEO-ENGINEERING PROPERTIES OF RIVER-BORNE COARSE AGGREGATES OF RIV...IAEME Publication
An attempt has been made to study the geological and engineering properties of the riverborne coarse aggregates of river Pagladia, Baksa district, Assam for evaluating their suitability as road material. The investigation were carried out on both natural and crushed form of the coarse aggregates of the river from upstream to gradually downstream to see their probable property variations. The results of various geological and engineering test performed show that both the type
of aggregates are suitable as road material as per specification laid down by Indian Standard Institutions (Bureau of Indian Standard), Indian Roads Congress and Ministry of Surface Transport and various suggestions put forward by different authors in their different publications.
Asbestos is a mineral fiber that is resistant to heat and corrosion. It has been used widely in building materials like insulation, ceiling tiles, floor tiles, cement sheets, and roofing for its strength and heat resistance. However, asbestos fibers are highly toxic if inhaled and have been linked to diseases like asbestosis, lung cancer, and mesothelioma. The document outlines the different types of asbestos - chrysotile, amosite, crocidolite, anthophyllite, tremolite, and actinolite - and which building products they have been used in, such as insulation, fireproofing, plastics, and cement sheets.
UNIT 1 OF MATERIALTESTING AND EVALUTION BTECH CIVIL SEM 4.
TOPIC TO BE COVERD.
CEMENT
TYPES OF CEMENT
PROPERTIES OF CEMENT
PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES
USES OF CEMENT
vedio link
https://youtu.be/0a71XEIeEeA
1) The document is a collection of notes on building construction written by Saqib Imran, a civil engineering student, to share knowledge with other students and engineers.
2) It covers topics like the key components of confined masonry buildings, the history and construction of the Taj Mahal, selection of stones for building construction, and how to build a stone wall.
3) The notes provide information on structural elements like masonry walls, confining elements, floors and roofs, foundations, as well as construction materials, processes, and techniques used to build important structures.
LIQUID PENETRANT AND MAGNETIC PARTICLE INSPECTIONSai Malleswar
Non-destructive testing (NDT) involves using physical methods to test materials for flaws without damaging them. Two common NDT methods are liquid penetrant testing and magnetic particle testing. Liquid penetrant testing uses a dye that is drawn into surface cracks when applied to non-porous materials. Magnetic particle testing magnetizes ferromagnetic materials and uses iron particles to reveal surface or near-surface flaws. Both methods are useful for quality control during manufacturing as they can detect a variety of flaw types and orientations in one test. However, they are limited to surface or near-surface flaws and require clean surfaces to apply the testing medium.
The document describes procedures for conducting a break-off test to determine the flexural tensile strength and compressive strength of concrete. Key steps include using a hydraulic jack to apply force and break off a concrete cylinder formed within the structure according to BS 1881 Part 207. This test directly measures flexural tensile strength at a predetermined depth below the surface. From these results, the tensile strength and compressive strength of the concrete can be determined using calibration curves.
This document discusses non-destructive testing methods for concrete, including ultrasonic pulse velocity testing, rebound hammer testing, and cover meter testing. Ultrasonic pulse velocity testing uses transducers to measure the speed of ultrasonic pulses traveling through concrete and can indicate quality, uniformity, and strength. Rebound hammer testing measures surface hardness through a spring-controlled hammer, where higher rebound values indicate stronger concrete. Cover meters use electromagnetic principles to locate and measure rebar cover thickness in concrete. Non-destructive testing allows evaluation of concrete properties without damaging the structure.
This document summarizes several non-destructive testing methods for concrete, including:
- Rebound hammer testing, which measures surface hardness to estimate strength. Factors like surface smoothness and moisture affect results.
- Ultrasonic pulse velocity testing, which times pulse transmission through concrete to determine strength. Transducers can be placed on different faces.
- Penetration and pull-out tests, which measure hardness by probe penetration depth or pull-out force, respectively, and correlate to strength. Surface damage occurs.
- Acoustic, radioactive, and nuclear methods have also been used to study crack initiation and location defects, though radioactive techniques risk safety issues.
Building Materials - Final assignment 2 briefSyafiq Zariful
This document outlines an assignment for a Bachelor of Quantity Surveying course. Students are asked to:
1) Research the building materials used in an existing building, including walls, floors, doors, windows, ceilings, staircases, columns and beams.
2) Compare the existing materials to two alternative materials and recommend a replacement for one existing material, justifying their choice.
3) Submit a report of 20-30 pages documenting their research into the existing materials, two alternatives, and their recommended replacement material. The report should cover the properties, applications, advantages, disadvantages and sustainability of the materials.
Fine aggregate with quarry dust and red soil in concreteVipin Rao
This document discusses a student project that aims to partially replace fine aggregate with quarry dust and red soil in concrete. The project is being conducted by 5 students to fulfill their Bachelor of Technology degree in Civil Engineering. It provides background on the increased demand for construction materials due to rapid urbanization in India, which has led to shortage of river sand used in concrete production. The document outlines the objectives of finding the suitability of quarry dust and red soil as partial replacements for fine aggregate in concrete. It also defines key terms such as concrete, aggregates, fine aggregate, quarry dust, and red soil.
Dampness occurs in buildings mainly due to condensation or water penetration from outside. It can cause damage to structures and health issues for occupants. Damp proof courses made of materials like concrete, bitumen, or plastic sheeting are used to prevent rising damp from the ground. The appropriate material depends on factors like climate, structure, and location. Common installation methods include using a cement concrete damp proof course at the plinth level and flexible materials like felt for floors or roofs. Proper installation techniques help ensure a continuous barrier against moisture.
Stones are naturally occurring rocks of igneous, sedimentary or metamorphic origin.
Most of the rocks are sufficiently consolidated to enable them to be cut or made into various shapes and blocks or slabs to be used walling, paving or roofing materials. Rocks are mostly used in the construction of buildings and hundreds of structures. Stones are categorised into building stones, ornamental stones and dimension stones.
The document presents research on cellular lightweight concrete (CLC), which has a lower density than normal concrete. It discusses three types of CLC production, advantages like reduced weight and costs, and applications for roofs, walls, and insulation. A case study is described that partially replaced coarse aggregate with pumice aggregate in concrete mixes. Testing showed compressive strength was highest at 60% replacement, making CLC a viable alternative to normal concrete for some non-load-bearing applications.
Heat treatment involves controlled heating and cooling of metals to alter properties like strength, hardness, and toughness. There are two main types of heat treatment for steels: hardening and softening. Hardening, such as austenitizing and quenching, involves heating steel to transform its structure to austenite and then rapidly cooling to trap carbon atoms, resulting in a very hard martensite structure. Softening processes like annealing and tempering are used to reduce the hardness of steel and make it more workable.
Kota stone flooring is one of the most trending flooring now a days. It's durable nature and colour variant, non porous nature are one of the reasons for it's popularity.
Aluminum can be formed into different products based on casting, extrusion, foil/powder, or sheet methods. Casting is used to make baluster heads, hardware, and security grills while extrusion produces doors/window frames, panels, domes, and space dividers. Foil and powder are used for decorative laminates, insulative foils, and paints. Sheet aluminum forms products like roofing, siding, gutters, and waterproofing membranes.
Concrete is the most widely used building material due to its low cost, fireproof and weatherproof properties, and ability to be molded into any shape. It is a composite material made of cement, water, and aggregates. Reinforced concrete is concrete strengthened with steel bars. Brick is made from fired clay and is cheap and strong in compression. Cast iron is strong but weaker than steel. Steel is one of the strongest materials and is used widely in construction. Aluminum is lightweight but expensive. Wood is cheap and moderately strong but can rot and burn easily. Plastic is flexible, lightweight, and strong in compression and tension but is expensive.
This document discusses various common building and construction materials. It describes natural materials like wood, soil and rock as well as artificial materials like cement, bricks, tiles and plastics. It then focuses on specific materials used frequently in construction like stone, brick, lime, cement, metal, timber, sand, aggregates and mortar. For each material, it outlines requirements and standard properties. It also details different types and common uses of each material in building and construction work.
The document discusses the rebound hammer test, which is a non-destructive testing method used to determine the compressive strength of concrete. The rebound hammer test works by striking an elastic mass against the concrete surface and measuring the rebound; a higher rebound number indicates higher compressive strength. Several factors can influence the test results, including the type of aggregate, cement, surface condition, curing and age of the concrete. To obtain accurate readings, the test procedure and data interpretation must account for these potential variables.
This document provides information on marble mining and processing in India. It begins with definitions and classifications of dimension stone and marble. It then discusses the history of stone use in India and geographical distribution of marble resources. The key points are that India has a long history of stone building construction, and houses a large portion of the world's marble resources, with the majority located in Rajasthan. The document proceeds to describe marble mining techniques, from conventional to modern mechanized methods. It outlines the processing of marble into blocks, slabs and tiles using gang saws and wire saws. Finally, it discusses the marble trade, with major export countries being the US, China, and Italy, and major imports from Italy, Sri Lanka,
A STUDY OF GEO-ENGINEERING PROPERTIES OF RIVER-BORNE COARSE AGGREGATES OF RIV...IAEME Publication
An attempt has been made to study the geological and engineering properties of the riverborne coarse aggregates of river Pagladia, Baksa district, Assam for evaluating their suitability as road material. The investigation were carried out on both natural and crushed form of the coarse aggregates of the river from upstream to gradually downstream to see their probable property variations. The results of various geological and engineering test performed show that both the type
of aggregates are suitable as road material as per specification laid down by Indian Standard Institutions (Bureau of Indian Standard), Indian Roads Congress and Ministry of Surface Transport and various suggestions put forward by different authors in their different publications.
Asbestos is a mineral fiber that is resistant to heat and corrosion. It has been used widely in building materials like insulation, ceiling tiles, floor tiles, cement sheets, and roofing for its strength and heat resistance. However, asbestos fibers are highly toxic if inhaled and have been linked to diseases like asbestosis, lung cancer, and mesothelioma. The document outlines the different types of asbestos - chrysotile, amosite, crocidolite, anthophyllite, tremolite, and actinolite - and which building products they have been used in, such as insulation, fireproofing, plastics, and cement sheets.
UNIT 1 OF MATERIALTESTING AND EVALUTION BTECH CIVIL SEM 4.
TOPIC TO BE COVERD.
CEMENT
TYPES OF CEMENT
PROPERTIES OF CEMENT
PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES
USES OF CEMENT
vedio link
https://youtu.be/0a71XEIeEeA
1) The document is a collection of notes on building construction written by Saqib Imran, a civil engineering student, to share knowledge with other students and engineers.
2) It covers topics like the key components of confined masonry buildings, the history and construction of the Taj Mahal, selection of stones for building construction, and how to build a stone wall.
3) The notes provide information on structural elements like masonry walls, confining elements, floors and roofs, foundations, as well as construction materials, processes, and techniques used to build important structures.
La presentazione fa parte del webinar “La gestione della performance nei Comuni: organizzazione e sistemi di supporto”
Il webinar ha proposto interventi utili a favorire la collaborazione organizzativa tra pari, lo sviluppo delle competenze e l'utilizzo efficace di sistemi informativi di supporto.
Il seminario on line,realizzato dal Dipartimento della funzione pubblica in collaborazione con Formez PA, fa parte del ciclo di webinar del progetto Valutazione delle Performance:http://goo.gl/e3zYxS
Biblioteche e rinnovamento organizzativoguesta660fea
Il mondo delle biblioteche e lo sviluppo organizzativo atteso nel settore: dall'analisi di processo ai nuovi modelli organizzativi per la qualità, la definizione del nuovo ruolo sociale atteso.
La soluzione proposta da Kairòs Solutions è l’HR Transformation Design, un intervento integrato di consulenza organizzativa:
• Innovation Coaching
• Rengineering
Gli obiettivi sono stati:
• Riduzione e ridefinizione dei passaggi/step di processo
• Incremento della trasparenza nei passaggi e della chiarezza
delle regole
• Incremento del livello di informatizzazione e
digitalizzazione
• Riduzione delle eccezioni e della frequenza delle stesse
GestSolving è uno studio professionale del Gruppo INNOVO e grazie alla collaborazione dei partner di settore riesce ad offrire sia interventi di consulenza manageriale sia la gestione delle attività no-core del Cliente legate al facility management.
2. 2
La mancanza di informazioni esatte, legata allo scarso grado di formalizzazione,
informatizzazione e automazione (*) dei processi, rischia di invalidare l’operatività svolta
a monte.
Analisi e Individuazione del problema
La necessità di rivedere i processi ha spesso un fattore comune:
il black out del flusso informativo.
(*) con informatizzazione e automazione si intende la capacità di rendere i processi condivisibili, consultabili, aggiornabili.
cg
3. 3
assicurare l’assessment dei processi in termini di governance, efficienza
ed efficacia
Percorso verso la Soluzione al problema
o Template uniformato per la descrizione dei processi
o Archiviazione Ufficiale
o Revisione e validazione delle procedure a intervalli temporali
si avvale di una metodologia pratica
Come:
Garantisce:
o Revisione e validazione delle procedure più efficiente
o Know how sempre aggiornatoassimilabiletrasferibile
o Incrementare il grado di automazione delle procedure
cg
4. 4
Obbiettivo:
Bisogna definire i «Business Processes» secondo un paradigma che sappia misurare
e definire i processi nella misura in cui supportano il raggiungimento degli obbiettivi
aziendali.
quindi:
Descrizione del singolo processo secondo le modalità di ingaggio e di management
cioè il modo in cui il singolo processo, operando, supporta (e influenza) i
dipartimenti aziendali
Rendere il processo performante definendone gli obbiettivi strategici secondo
metriche misurabili (processes KPIs)
Enucleare la composizione intrinseca di ogni processo ovvero i task di cui è
composto e gli skill necessari per eseguirli al meglio
Soluzione al problema: intro
cg
5. 5
Per ogni processo viene redatta la «task list definition table», una tabella di 3
colonne in cui viene chiesto di indicare e descrivere le varie attività di cui il processo
è composto.
Nello specifico:
Task: sintesi di cosa viene fatto andando in ordine, dalla prima azione all’ultima
che viene compiuta all’interno di un processo.
Ownership: qual è la funzione aziendale ruolo ente esterno responsabile
dell’attività.
Definizione operativa : il descrizione dell’operatività prevista per il task in
oggetto possibilità di inserire il rimando a documenti, moduli ecc..
STEP 2: strutturare uniformemente la descrizione dei processi
STEP 1: Identificare processi, procedure, workflow
Organizzare tavoli secondo le regole di ingaggio di ogni processo
(per dipartimenti, aree, interdipartimentali..!?!)
Soluzione al problema: step by step
cg
6. 6
La documentazione sarà la base per redigere le specifiche funzionali e indirizzare
gli sviluppi necessari a fronteggiare le problematiche individuate
STEP 3: strutturare uniformemente la descrizione dei processi
La compilazione della «TASK LIST TABLE» consentirà di addentrarci nel dettaglio di
ogni processo e comprendere dove, come e quando le criticità manifestate
influenzano il buon esito dell’operatività.
I processi vengono infine formalizzati e archiviati secondo lo standard
aziendale. [Compliance]
STEP 4: Informatizzare, Automatizzare
STEP 5: Prototipare, Monitorare, Adeguare, Revisionare
I processi vengono prototipati ovvero implementati e monitorati durante
l’esercizio al fine di misurarne i relativi indicatori…
Soluzione al problema: step by step
cg
7. 7
Soluzione al problema: operativamente
significa…
Standardizzare i processi e adeguare le
strutture aziendali
Proporre una soluzione
operativa che efficienti i
processi Prototipare, Implemetare,
Monitorare, Misurare
STEP 1
Identificare
processi,
procedure,
workflow
STEP 2
strutturare
uniformemente la
descrizione dei
processi
STEP 3
integrare
operativamente i
processi negli
ingranaggi della
macchina Linkem
STEP 4
informatizzare,
automatizzare
Step 5
Monitorare,
adeguare
revisionare
cg
9. 9
Creare un modello di lavoro (un processo collaborativo) replicabile nel tempo in
grado di fornire una visione accurata dei meccanismi operativi aziendali il
continuo miglioramento dei processi aziendali basato su elementi (attributi)
misurabili
….obbiettivo
cg
10. 10
Paradigma operativo
I. Intercettare e Analizzare i processi esistenti
II. Decomporre i processi nei loro elementi costituenti
III. Intercettare le “best practice”
IV. Stabilire degli attributi adeguati a misurare le performance
degli elementi costituenti.
V. Stabilire criteri dei processi in termini di caratteristiche e
funzionalità
VI. Intercettare le relazioni tra i processi
VII. Ricomporre i processi
VIII.Monitorare, Valutare
cg
11. 11
Affidabilità si riferisce alla capacità di eseguire le attività come
previsto. L'affidabilità si concentra sulla prevedibilità del
risultato di un processo. («fare nei empi previsti la cosa
giusta»
Reattività descrive la velocità con cui vengono eseguite le attività.
Agilità descrive la capacità di cambiare adattarsi impegnarsi in
risposta alle influenze/richieste esterne
Costo descrive il costo del funzionamento del processo.
Efficienza
nella gestione
delle risorse
descrive la capacità di utilizzare efficientemente le risorse.
KPIs Processes
Un processo è misurabile se sono misurabili tutti gli elementi di cui è composto
Le performance di un processo saranno date dalla somma delle performance dei sui
elementi costituenti
Ogni elemento di processo è misurabile secondo i seguenti attributi
Modello operativo: attributi per misurare
le performance
cg
13. 13
Processi
Elementi dei Processi
Elementi dei Processi
Tasks
Tasks
Attività
Attività
Visione orizzontale (cross-
processes) e verticale
(gerarchia di processi)
Supporta la riconfigurazione,
revisione dei processi
Supporta il riutilizzo delle
attività in processi simili
(no ridondanze)
Supporta il riconoscimento
l’aggregazione dei processi
secondo una gerarchia
(causa-effetto)
Lvl 1
Lvl 2
Lvl 3
Lvl 4
Process Decompositioncg
14. 14
Modello Operativo: fase di analisi
( i 4 livelli)
Livello1:
Tipi di Processo
Livello 2:
Categorie di Processo
Livello 3:
Elementi di Processo
Livello 4:
Operatività in ogni step
Definire processi e relativi
obbiettivi e ambiti a livello
dipartimentale
Definire strategie, fattibilità e
potenzialità di ogni processo
Definire la composizione e
complessità dei singoli
processi
Definire le attività svolte
localmente in ogni step del
processo
Best practices
Obbiettivi
Caratteristiche e
funzionalità
Steps
Operatività
cg
15. 15
Schema Commenti
Tipi di processo Intercettare processi obbiettivi e ambiti a
livello dipartimentale
Categorie di
processi
Definire strategie, fattibilità e
potenzialità di ogni processo in ottica
aziendale
Decomposizone
dei processi
1. Definire la composizione e
complessità (elementi) dei singoli
processi
2. inputsoutputs di ogni elemento
3. Kpi
4. Best practice
5. System tool e funzionalità in uso
Decomposizone
degli elementi
dei processi
Definire le attività svolte localmente (in
ogni reparto) per ogni step del processo
cg
16. 16
Modello operativo:
decomporre un processo e misurare le
performance
Processo Ricorsivo:
1. Si decompone il processo in tutti i suoi elementi costituenti
2. Dagli elementi si individuano task e attività fino al raggiungimento del livello 4
3. Si valuta ogni elemento del livello 4 e quindi ricomponendo si ottiene la
valutazione del elementi al livello 3 fino a ricomporre il livello 1
Livello 1 Lista dei processi per
categoria
Livello 2 Lista degli elementi
Livello 3 Lista dei task
Livello 4 Lista delle attività
Affidabilità Reattività Agilità Costo
Efficienza nella
Gestione delle
Risorse
Processo
(livello 1)
Elementi
(livello 2)
Task
(livello 3)
Attività
(livello 4)
cg
17. 17
Affidabilità Reattività Agilità Costo
Efficienza nella
Gestione delle
Risorse
Livello 1
(processo
)
Livello 2
Livello 3
Livello 4
Verrà redatta seguente la tabella
Ogni elemento al Lvl 1 sarà decomposto nei suoi costituenti fino al raggiungimento
del lvl 4
Si valuta ogni elemento del livello 4 e quindi ricomponendo si ottiene la valutazione
del processo
Modello operativo:
decomporre un processo e misurare le
performance Livello 1 Lista dei processi per
categoria
Livello 2 Lista degli elementi
Livello 3 Lista dei task
Livello 4 Lista delle attività
cg