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Process_Choices_Layout_Decisions_and_Space_Utilization.pptx
- 1. Process Choices, Layout Decisions& Space Utilization
- 2. Introduction • Organizations mustchoose the right process and layout to achieve efficiency, flexibility, safety, and cost effectiveness.
- 3. Understanding Process Choices •Process choice refers to selecting the method used to produce goods or deliver services. • It depends on volume, variety, and customer requirements.
- 4. Types of ProcessChoices • Project Process – One-time, unique work (construction, events) • Job Shop – Low volume, high variety • Batch Process – Moderate volume and variety • Assembly Line – High volume, low variety • Continuous Process – Very high volume, standardized output
- 5. Importance of ProcessChoice • Impacts cost and quality • Determines flexibility • Affects resource utilization • Influences customer satisfaction
- 6. Layout Decisions –Meaning • Layout decision involves arranging machines, workstations, people, and equipment within a facility for smooth workflow.
- 7. Types of Layouts •Process (Functional) Layout • Product (Line) Layout • Fixed-Position Layout • Cellular Layout
- 8. Process Layout • Machinesgrouped by function • High flexibility • Used in hospitals, workshops • Higher movement cost
- 9. Product Layout • Workstationsarranged as per product flow • High efficiency • Used in assembly lines • Less flexibility
- 10. Fixed Position Layout •Product remains at one place • Resources move around it • Used in shipbuilding, construction
- 11. Cellular Layout • Similarmachines grouped into cells • Combines flexibility and efficiency • Used in modern manufacturing
- 12. Space Utilization –Meaning • Space utilization refers to effective use of available space to support operations, safety, and comfort.
- 13. Importance of SpaceUtilization • Reduces congestion • Improves workflow • Enhances safety • Improves employee comfort
- 14. Key Factors inLayout & Space Planning • Space utilization • Flexibility • Cost • Safety • Comfort
- 15. Flexibility • Ability oflayout to adapt to changes in demand, product, or process. • Flexible layouts support future growth.
- 16. Cost Consideration • Initialsetup cost • Material handling cost • Maintenance cost • Efficient layout reduces overall operating cost.
- 17. Safety Considerations • Emergencyexits • Fire safety • Clear movement paths • Proper lighting • Safety reduces accidents and downtime.
- 18. Comfort & Ergonomics •Proper seating and workspace • Ventilation and lighting • Noise control • Comfort improves productivity and morale.
- 19. Conclusion • Right processchoice and layout improve efficiency, safety, cost control, and customer satisfaction.