The document outlines 9 principles of effective multimedia instruction: the multimedia, contiguity, modality, redundancy, coherence, personalization, segmenting, and pretraining principles. The multimedia principle indicates people learn better from words and pictures than words alone. The contiguity principle recommends corresponding words and pictures be presented near each other. And the modality principle suggests people learn better from animation and narration than animation and on-screen text.

1. Contiguity Principle Multimedia Principle Modality Principle Redundancy Principle Coherence Principle Personalization Principle Segmenting Principle Pretraining Principle

2. Multimedia principle : People learn better from words and pictures than from words alone. Back Two plus two equals four. 2+2= 4

3. Contiguity principle : People learn better when corresponding words and pictures are presented near rather than far from each other on the page or screen. Back The Washington Monument was built between 1848 and 1884 as a tribute to George Washington. The Washington Monument was built between 1848 and 1884 as a tribute to George Washington.

4. Modality principle : People learn better from animation and narration than from animation and on-screen text. Back

5. Redundancy principle : People learn better from animation and narration than from animation, narration, and on on-screen text. Back Iraq is country that is bordered by Turkey, Iran, Kuwait, Saudi Arabia, Jordan, and Syria.

6. Coherence principle : People learn better when extraneous words, pictures, and sounds are excluded rather than included. Back The space shuttle taking off

7. Personalization principle : People learn better when the words are in conversational style rather than formal style. Back

8. Segmenting principle : People learn better when a multimedia lesson is presented in learner-paced segments rather than as a continuous unit. Back

9. Pre-training principle : People learn better from a multimedia lesson when they know the names and characteristics of the main concepts Back Touchdown- when a team crosses the opponent’s goal line with the ball. Holding- a foul where a player impedes the movement of an opponent y grasping or hooking any part of his body or uniform.