It describes testing of IC engines and various tests performed.
Also describes engine efficiency and various tests for finding efficiency.
Also gives idea about catalytic converter.
Type of pollution from automobile and its control along with Mass Emission Standards.
Please Like, Share, and Comment if any.
Thanks,
Aditya Deshpande
deshadi805@gmail.com
This paper presents a unique experiment based on a very small and emerging sector of automotive industry, i.e. reverse Trikes or three wheeled vehicles. A REVERSE TRIKE is a vehicle which has two wheels up front and one in the back. A reverse trike is basically a vehicle having two wheels in the front and one on rear side. Most cars have the engine driving the rear wheel and leave steering to the front ones. Some are eco-friendly human powered vehicle with a compounded electric drive system and some are powered by I.C. Engines. The incidence of accidental deaths has shown an increasing trend during the period 2003-2012 with an increase of 51.8% in the year 2012 as compared to 2002; Because of the fact that that these vehicles are very safe to drive and will be very less to become accident prone these three wheelers could be the future of the automotive sector, In the early 20th century three-wheelers gained in popularity as low-cost, lightweight vehicle that is, until about the late 1920s, when cars generally started going more along the four-wheel track. The main aim of this research paper is to evaluate the performance of a three wheeled vehicle based on leaning mechanism and to develop a transition mechanism namely tilt lock system which can transform the leaning vehicle into non- leaning and vice versa according to the requirement. The conceptual design of the project model is based on the study of several literatures related to reverse trike. The mechanisms used for available reverse trikes are very costly and electronics based. So we want to design the mechanism which can overcome the drawbacks of the existing design of a conventional vehicle and also it should take benefit of the three-wheeled transportation and it should also contain the features of an electric vehicle because it is environment friendly. Now for making the system cost effective we have incorporated mechanical leaning system in our design so as eliminate the costly electronic components. The main advantage of this mechanism is that it makes the vehicle more stable during high speed turns so that even a reverse trike can take a turn like a sports bike by leaning to its side. The results of experimental testing are presented to illustrate the real balancing performance of the combined steering and tilting approach used for the Leaning reverse trike that is very economical and fairly simple to drive. In this research it is found that the performance, handling and safety of the Leaning Reverse Trike are much better than any other commercially available three wheelers. The actual fabricated prototype is named as “KLISIâ€Â
It describes testing of IC engines and various tests performed.
Also describes engine efficiency and various tests for finding efficiency.
Also gives idea about catalytic converter.
Type of pollution from automobile and its control along with Mass Emission Standards.
Please Like, Share, and Comment if any.
Thanks,
Aditya Deshpande
deshadi805@gmail.com
This paper presents a unique experiment based on a very small and emerging sector of automotive industry, i.e. reverse Trikes or three wheeled vehicles. A REVERSE TRIKE is a vehicle which has two wheels up front and one in the back. A reverse trike is basically a vehicle having two wheels in the front and one on rear side. Most cars have the engine driving the rear wheel and leave steering to the front ones. Some are eco-friendly human powered vehicle with a compounded electric drive system and some are powered by I.C. Engines. The incidence of accidental deaths has shown an increasing trend during the period 2003-2012 with an increase of 51.8% in the year 2012 as compared to 2002; Because of the fact that that these vehicles are very safe to drive and will be very less to become accident prone these three wheelers could be the future of the automotive sector, In the early 20th century three-wheelers gained in popularity as low-cost, lightweight vehicle that is, until about the late 1920s, when cars generally started going more along the four-wheel track. The main aim of this research paper is to evaluate the performance of a three wheeled vehicle based on leaning mechanism and to develop a transition mechanism namely tilt lock system which can transform the leaning vehicle into non- leaning and vice versa according to the requirement. The conceptual design of the project model is based on the study of several literatures related to reverse trike. The mechanisms used for available reverse trikes are very costly and electronics based. So we want to design the mechanism which can overcome the drawbacks of the existing design of a conventional vehicle and also it should take benefit of the three-wheeled transportation and it should also contain the features of an electric vehicle because it is environment friendly. Now for making the system cost effective we have incorporated mechanical leaning system in our design so as eliminate the costly electronic components. The main advantage of this mechanism is that it makes the vehicle more stable during high speed turns so that even a reverse trike can take a turn like a sports bike by leaning to its side. The results of experimental testing are presented to illustrate the real balancing performance of the combined steering and tilting approach used for the Leaning reverse trike that is very economical and fairly simple to drive. In this research it is found that the performance, handling and safety of the Leaning Reverse Trike are much better than any other commercially available three wheelers. The actual fabricated prototype is named as “KLISIâ€Â
How an oxygen sensor works in an automobile??Aayushi Nanda
The oxygen sensor plays a critical role in providing optimum engine performance with minimal emissions...The ppt describes all about the oxygen sensor operation in our automobile and how ECU can manipulate the air-fuel ratio in order to minimize the emissions.
This is an overview of BS6 engine. It has a brief description on
Bharat Stage Emission Standards (BSES), Pollution Emission Norms BS4 Vs BS6 , How BS6 Works, How Diesel Engines Are Upgraded To BS6 Norms, Bharat Stage Characteristics For Diesel Engines, How Petrol Engines Are Upgraded To BS6 Norms, Bharat Stage Characteristics For Petrol Engine, BS6 Engine In Bikes, Fuel Usage, Selective Catalytic Reduction , AdBlue, Some BS6 Four Wheelers And Two Wheelers.
An introductory presentation about the concept of HCCI engines and some basic ways to control it.
At last some of commercial cars that would operate with HCCI in the near future.
HANDLING
How well a vehicle moves on straightaways, around corners and over varying degrees of terrain.
HORSEPOWER
A unit of measurement equal to 550 foot pounds per second used to describe the power of a vehicle’s engine. Higher numbers mean more power and the ability to push a car to faster speeds.
IGNITION SYSTEM
The system that generates a spark and controls the timing of the spark that is necessary to ignite the fuel-air mixture and start fuel combustion inside the engine.
JUMP START
An emergency starting procedure used to get a car running when the battery is dead. Jumper cables are attached to the battery of a working vehicle and run to the failed battery to provide a jolt of power.
KEYLESS ENTRY
A modern entry system that unlocks doors via a battery-powered remote or key fob instead of requiring you to physically put the key into the lock.
OIL
Lubricant that reduces wear and tear on an engine’s moving parts, prevents overheating and delays the process of corrosion.
POWERTRAIN
This system consists of the combination of the engine and transmission and is often protected by a manufacturer warranty.
CHASSIS
A blanket description of the base frame of a vehicle and the mechanical parts that are attached to it, including the power train and suspension.
CLIMATE CONTROL
The term used to refer to the heater, air conditioner and defrosting mechanisms in a car. Some vehicles have advanced systems that detect outdoor temperatures and can be adjusted accordingly.
COOLANT
Also called antifreeze, this combination of ethylene glycol and water protects the climate control system by dispersing excess heat and preventing parts from freezing.
This presentation was prepared by Mechanical Engineering students during their Internal Combustion Course. Students belong to a very prestigious Engineering institute of Pakistan "University of Engineering and Technology Lahore"
How an oxygen sensor works in an automobile??Aayushi Nanda
The oxygen sensor plays a critical role in providing optimum engine performance with minimal emissions...The ppt describes all about the oxygen sensor operation in our automobile and how ECU can manipulate the air-fuel ratio in order to minimize the emissions.
This is an overview of BS6 engine. It has a brief description on
Bharat Stage Emission Standards (BSES), Pollution Emission Norms BS4 Vs BS6 , How BS6 Works, How Diesel Engines Are Upgraded To BS6 Norms, Bharat Stage Characteristics For Diesel Engines, How Petrol Engines Are Upgraded To BS6 Norms, Bharat Stage Characteristics For Petrol Engine, BS6 Engine In Bikes, Fuel Usage, Selective Catalytic Reduction , AdBlue, Some BS6 Four Wheelers And Two Wheelers.
An introductory presentation about the concept of HCCI engines and some basic ways to control it.
At last some of commercial cars that would operate with HCCI in the near future.
HANDLING
How well a vehicle moves on straightaways, around corners and over varying degrees of terrain.
HORSEPOWER
A unit of measurement equal to 550 foot pounds per second used to describe the power of a vehicle’s engine. Higher numbers mean more power and the ability to push a car to faster speeds.
IGNITION SYSTEM
The system that generates a spark and controls the timing of the spark that is necessary to ignite the fuel-air mixture and start fuel combustion inside the engine.
JUMP START
An emergency starting procedure used to get a car running when the battery is dead. Jumper cables are attached to the battery of a working vehicle and run to the failed battery to provide a jolt of power.
KEYLESS ENTRY
A modern entry system that unlocks doors via a battery-powered remote or key fob instead of requiring you to physically put the key into the lock.
OIL
Lubricant that reduces wear and tear on an engine’s moving parts, prevents overheating and delays the process of corrosion.
POWERTRAIN
This system consists of the combination of the engine and transmission and is often protected by a manufacturer warranty.
CHASSIS
A blanket description of the base frame of a vehicle and the mechanical parts that are attached to it, including the power train and suspension.
CLIMATE CONTROL
The term used to refer to the heater, air conditioner and defrosting mechanisms in a car. Some vehicles have advanced systems that detect outdoor temperatures and can be adjusted accordingly.
COOLANT
Also called antifreeze, this combination of ethylene glycol and water protects the climate control system by dispersing excess heat and preventing parts from freezing.
This presentation was prepared by Mechanical Engineering students during their Internal Combustion Course. Students belong to a very prestigious Engineering institute of Pakistan "University of Engineering and Technology Lahore"
Uczenie w szkole podstaw programowania: z czego skorzystać, gdzie to znaleźć ...Agnieszka Koszowska
Prezentacja zawiera informacje o narzędziach (robotach edukacyjnych, aplikacjach, poradnikach, serwisach internetowych itp.) pomocnych w nauce podstaw programowania w szkole (i nie tylko).
Program autorski _STEAM w edukacji wczesnoszkolnej.docxJustyna74
Program pracy PROGRAMOWANIE I KODOWANIE TO NASZE ZADANIE został opracowany z myślą o edukacji wczesnoszkolnej. Można go realizować na zajęciach dodatkowych lub włączyć jako wariant edukacji informatycznej.
Prezentacja dotycząca wykorzystania nowoczesnych technologii w edukacji, prezentowanych w przestrzeni Mobilnego Centrum Edukacyjnego, FRSE.
Konferencja "Edukacja z informatyką"
11 marca 2019r.
Autor: Jolanta Gradowska
2. W roku szkolnym 2016/2017 w szkole realizowaliśmy dwie
innowacje pedagogiczne w ramach pilotażu programowania:
•„Z programowaniem na Ty” w klasach I – W.Stefanowska,
J.Nowalany
•„Podstawy programowania w środowisku Scratch” w
klasach IV-VI – G.Maciejewska
Łącznie zajęciami z programowania objęto 170 uczniów.
3. Celem innowacji był rozwój myślenia
algorytmicznego, rozwijanie
umiejętności logicznego myślenia,
wyobraźni i wnioskowania.
Uczniowie rozwijali kompetencje
społeczne, kształcili umiejętność
pracy zespołowej.
4. Działania promujące kodowanie w naszej szkole:
Programowanie na zajęciach komputerowych oraz kole matematycznym.
Poznajemy programy Scratch, Code, Lightbot.
„Kodowanie na dywanie”.
Kodowanie na kartce papieru.
Akcja „Tydzień kodowania”.
Kodowana muzyka.
Akacja „Godzina kodowania”.
Urodziny Scratcha.
Kodowane przerwy.
Własne konto sp14szczecin na stronie www.scratch.mit.edu.
Lekcje prowadzone przez uczniów w oparciu o program Scratch.
Udział nauczycieli w doskonaleniu w zakresie programowania.
5. Uczniowie klas pierwszych
początkowo kodowali bez
komputera, „sterując”
rówieśnikami. Podczas zabawy
budowali kod, który prowadził do
celu.
Programowanie u pierwszaków...
6. KODOWANE RYSUNKI
Uczniowie klasy 1b tworzyli
rysunki na planszy według
instrukcji podanej kodem.
Spostrzeganie wzrokowe,
koordynacja wzrokowo-ruchowa,
koncentracja uwagi, to tylko część
doskonalonych umiejętności.
8. Lightbot – gładki wstęp do
programowania dla najmłodszych
Dlaczego akurat Lightbot? W Lightbot
programowaliśmy robota, którego celem jest
przejście od punktu A do pkt B. Punktem B jest pole,
na którym robot ma zapalić lampkę.
Droga do przebycia z każdym poziomem robi się
trudniejsza i wymaga coraz więcej wyobraźni i
planowania.
10. Akcja KODOWANE PRZERWY
Podczas wybranych przerw
uczniowie tańczyli według kodu.
Sami też układali kody dla swoich
kolegów i koleżanek. Zabawa
cieszyła się dużą popularnością,
dlatego na stałe zagości na naszych
przerwach.
11. Jak ciekawie
utrwalić
numery
alarmowe?
W klasie czwartej kodowaliśmy drogę kubeczka do wybranych
pozycji. Według napisanego kodu uczniowie wędrowali do danego
numeru. Poradzili sobie świetnie!
13. KODOWANA ORKIESTRA
Podczas zabawy łączyliśmy dźwięki
z układem współrzędnych.
Uczniowie grali na instrumentach
zgodnie z kodem. Początkowych
chaos, zamienił się uporządkowane
dźwięki.
14. Przygoda ze Scratch w klasach 4-6
Scratch to edukacyjny język obiektowy,
stworzony jako środek do nauczania dzieci i
młodzieży podstaw programowania.
Scratch umożliwia łatwe tworzenie
interaktywnych historyjek, animacji oraz gier.
15. Co tworzyliśmy w środowisku Scratch?
Animacje zawierające zasady
bezpieczeństwa w czasie wakacji.
19. Tworzyliśmy gry,
ustalając własne zasady.
Uczniowie na zajęciach
komputerowych tworzyli własna
wersję gry „Kot w labiryncie”.
Projekt był okazja do
wykorzystania zdobytych
wcześniej umiejętności.
20. Nasi uczniowie aktywnie
włączyli się w tydzień
kodowania.
Tworzyliśmy skrypty w
programie Scratch oraz
kodowaliśmy korzystając z
zasobów code.org.
21. Byliśmy aktywni
włączając się w akcję
Godzina Kodowania.
W naszej szkole w dniach od 17 do 22
października we wszystkich klasach 4-6
została przeprowadzona Godzina
Kodowania. Podczas zajęć uczniowie
zapoznali się z podstawami
programowania przy czym poziom
trudności (a w zasadzie łatwości!) był
dostosowany do możliwości uczniów.
Korzystaliśmy ze strony code.org
22. Programowanie z CODE zaangażowało do uczestnictwa
wszystkich uczniów niezależnie od klasy. Umożliwiają to
zróżnicowane poziomy oraz indywidualne tempo dla
każdego dziecka.
23. Szkoła Podstawowa nr 14 w Szczecinie
Certyfikat dla szkoły z „Godziny Kodowania”
25. Wdrożenie innowacji oraz przygotowanie
do wprowadzenia nowej podstawy
programowej był motywacją do
dokształcania się nauczycieli.
Braliśmy udział w II, III oraz IV
Konferencji -wojewódzkich
warsztatach programowania dla
dyrektorów i nauczycieli wszystkich
etapów edukacyjnych oraz w
szkoleniach organizowanych przez
ZCDN.
26. Podsumowanie pilotażu programowania
Uczniowie odkryli, że komputer i Internet to nie
tylko źródło rozrywki, w której są wykonawcami
poleceń. Potrafią kreować własny świat, sterować
obiektami w komputerze. Wielu poszukuje informacji
o programowaniu na własna rękę, a wszyscy uczą się
poprzez zabawę, pomagają sobie wzajemnie i są
dumni z własnych postępów.
Kilku uczniów planuje kontynuować naukę w
kierunku informatycznym...
Nauczyciele mają wiele
pomysłów jak zastosować TIK,
w tym kodowanie na lekcjach w
kolejnym roku szkolnym...
