3. Content of Presentation:
A) A brief introduction to “Thinking”:
B) The “Thinking Process”:
C) Classification and Types of Thinking:
D) “Some Facts” about “Thinking”:
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Presntation on Thinking: Riwan ullah Marwat.
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4. A): A brief introduction to Thinking:
Thinking, also known as 'cognition', refers to the
ability to process information, hold
attention, store and retrieve memories and
select appropriate responses and actions.
The ability to understand other people, and express
oneself to others; can also be categorized under
thinking.
Thinking is essential for interacting with a product,
as the User needs to process the information from
the product interface and decides what to do?.Many
different aspects of thinking may be involved.
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Presntation on Thinking: Riwan ullah Marwat.
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5. B) The Thinking Process:
Three Key Steps are briefly given below:
1. Understanding the Information:
Understanding is formed through “Three Stages”:
1.1 Analysis of the Characteristics of similar object:
the object we look at the elements: one by one –
1.2 “Comparison”:
Compare these features to be found: Traits:
which are the Same & which are Not the same.
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Presntation on Thinking: Riwan ullah Marwat.
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6. B) The Thinking Process:(contin)
1.3 Abstraction:
that is set a side, dispose, Traits that are Not
Essential, capturing the Essential characteristics.
2. Opinion Formation:
Formulation of Opinion to put the Relationship
between the two terms or more. The Opinion
expressed in the language is called “Sentence” or
Title or Subject.
There are Three (3) Types of Opinion:”
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Presntation on Thinking: Riwan ullah Marwat.
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7. B) The Thinking Process: (contin)
2.1 Affirmative or “Positive” Opinion:
It states the State of some thing.
2.2 “Negative” Opinion:
It explains the absence of anything else on the
nature of things.
2.3 Modalities:
that opinion stating the possibility of something
on the nature of things: example: It may rain
today, it may not work etc.
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Presntation on Thinking: Riwan ullah Marwat.
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8. B) The Thinking Process: (contin)
3. Conclusions:
[Withdrawal or Establishment of Decision]
The Decision is the result of the act makes sense
to form a new opinion based on the “opinions”
already exists.
Three Types of Conclusions:
3.1 Inductive Inference / Decision:
The decision taken from the opinions: opinion
towards a particular public opinion.
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Presntation on Thinking: Riwan ullah Marwat.
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9. B) The Thinking Process: (contin)
3.2 Deductive Conclusions:
Deductive decisions are drawn from the
“General to Specific” It is opposite of Inductive
conclusions”
3.3 Conclusion Analogical:
The decision that analogical, obtained by the
company or customize with specific opinion
that already exists.
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Presntation on Thinking: Riwan ullah Marwat.
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10. C) Classification and Types of
Thinking:
Following are the Key Types of Thinking:
1. Convergent or Analytical Thinking:
Bringing facts and Data together from various
sources and then applying logic and knowledge
to solve problems or to make informed decision.
2. Divergent Thinking:
Breaking a topic a part to explore its various
parts and then generating new ideas and
solutions
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Presntation on Thinking: Riwan ullah Marwat.
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11. C) Classification and Types of
Thinking: (continue…)
3. Critical Thinking.
Analysis and evaluation of information, belief or
knowledge.
4. Creative Thinking:
Generation of new ideas, breaking from
established thoughts, theories, rules and
procedures.
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Presntation on Thinking: Riwan ullah Marwat.
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12. D) “Some Facts” about Thinking:
Positive Thinking help :
Increase the Life span.
Strengthen Immune System and
Lower rates of Depression:
Over-thinking:
can literary make you Insane / mad / crazy
and can cause a Mental Breakdown.
The average person has 3000 thoughts a day;
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Presntation on Thinking: Riwan ullah Marwat.
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