The document discusses the pituitary gland, known as the "master gland" as it secretes hormones that control other glands. It has two parts - the anterior pituitary which secretes hormones like GH, TSH, and ACTH; and the posterior pituitary which stores and releases oxytocin and ADH. The hormones regulate growth, metabolism, reproduction, and fluid balance. Abnormalities in pituitary function can cause diseases like gigantism, acromegaly, and Sheehan's syndrome.

1. By KIM
G.P WOMEN’S COLLEGE, MANIPUR

2. INTRODUCTION
ANATOMY OF THE PITUITARY GLAND
PITUITARY HORMONES
FUNCTIONS OF HORMONES
ABNORMALITIES OF PITUITARY FUNCTIONS
CONCLUSION

3. Pituitary gland is an endocrine gland.
It’s main function is to secrete several types
of hormones to the bloodstream
It is also called the master gland.

4.  The pituitary gland is small and oval
in shape.
 It`s size &weight: 12mm x 8mm
,0.5gm.
 It’s location: A small depressive area of
the sphenoid bone, the sella turcica.
 Anatomically of two types:
i) Adenohypophysis or Anterior
pituitary.
ii) Neurohypophysis or Posterior
pituitary.

5.  FSH (Follicle stimulating hormone)
 LH (Luteinizing hormone)
 GH (Growth hormone)
 MSH (Melanocyte stimulating hormone)
 PRL (Prolactin)
 ACTH (Adrenocorticotropic hormone)
 TSH (Thyroid stimulating hormone)
 OXYTOCIN (Pitocin)
 ADH (Anti-Diuretic hormone)

6.  FSH:
In male,it promotes spermatogenesis,
facilitates the last stage of spermatid
maturation ( spermiogenesis ).
In female,stimulates the growth and
maturation of follicles & prepare them
for ovulation.
 LH:
In male,stimulates the production of
testosterone & promotes sperm
maturation.
In female,it stimulates the final
maturation of ovarian follicles,secretion
of estrogen from the follicles.
 GH: Stimulate the rate of skeletal
growth & growth of almost all tissues of
the body.
 MSH: Both α and β-MSH take part in
control of skin coloration in different
animals. In human treatment with MSH
accelerate melanin synthesis .
 PRL: Stimulates lactation in post-
partum period,promotes additional
breast development for milk production.
 ACTH: Stimulates the synthesis of
corticosteroides,also increase
gluconeogenesis.
 TSH: Stimulates the entire pathway of
T4 & T3 biosynthesis in thyroid gland.
 OXYTOCIN: Cause the contraction of
uterine muscles & thus helps natural
birth.So,it is called “Quick birth
hormone”. It also helps in milk ejection
and known as “milk ejecting hormone”.
 ADH: It increase the reabsorption of
water in certain segments of uriniferous
tubules, thus increase reabsorption of
water and helps retention of water by the
kidney

7. Gigantism
Acromelagy
Cushing`s disease
Classical dwarfism
Laron`s dwarfism
Acromicria
Frohlich`s syndrome
Sheehan`s syndrome
Diabetes insipidus

8. As pituitary gland takes part in the stimulation of
several types of hormones in different organs of the
body, it is called “THE MASTER GLAND”.