Presentation - Measuring progress in implementing national adaptation policies - Emil Ivanov

United Nations Statistics Division
Global set of climate change statistics and
indicators - findings on adaptation
Environment Statistics Section, UNSD
Measuring progress in implementing national adaptation policies
(28 September 2021, online)

Outline
1. Background
2. Adaptation indicators
3. Indicators suggested via consultancies in CARICOM and Africa
4. Responses to the Global Consultation
• By countries on part 1
• By countries on part 2
• By international agencies
5. Future work

Background to UNSD work on development of Global Set of
Climate Change Statistics and Indicators
COVID….
More than a decade long process: 2008 - present

Report of the Secretary-General on Climate Change Statistics to the
47th session of the Statistical Commission in 2016
UNSD, in collaboration with UN-ECE, prepared the Report of the Secretary-General on
Climate Change Statistics to the 47th session of the Statistical Commission
(E/CN.3/2016/15) (New York, 8-10 March 2016).
http://unstats.un.org/unsd/environment/climatechange_docs_conf.html
Decision 47/112:
http://unstats.un.org/unsd/statcom/47th-session/documents/Report-on-the-47th-session-of-the-
statistical-commission-E.pdf
Main decisions:
For countries: Use the FDES 2013 to guide the development of climate change
statistics and indicators given the close interrelationship between environment
statistics and climate change statistics.
For UNSD: Review and consider UN-ECE set of climate change-related statistics and
indicators as a basis for developing a global set of climate change statistics and
indicators, applicable to countries at various stages of development.

49th session of the Statistical Commission in 2018
UNSD, in collaboration with UN-ECE and UNFCCC, prepared the Report of the Secretary-General on
Climate Change Statistics to the 49th session of the Statistical Commission (E/CN.3/2018/14) (New
York, 6-9 March 2018).
https://unstats.un.org/unsd/statcom/49th-session/documents/2018-14-ClimateChange-E.pdf
Decision: 49/113
https://unstats.un.org/unsd/statcom/49th-session/documents/Report-on-the-49th-session-E.pdf
Main decisions
For countries: (i) Participate in the Pilot Survey on Climate Change-related Statistics and Indicators
currently being undertaken by UNSD, as well as in the planned Global Consultation on Climate Change
Statistics and Indicators; (ii) Enhance collaboration between NSOs and national authorities responsible
for reporting climate change related information to UNFCCC Secretariat;
For UNSD and UNFCCC: Strengthen the link between statistics and policy, for example, by: (i)
undertaking joint initiatives in the development of climate change statistics and indicators; (ii)
encouraging joint capacity building efforts and trainings with other partners, and exploring ways to
encourage NSOs to be more involved in the preparation of data submissions to the
UNFCCC secretariat, for supporting the implementation of the Paris Agreement.

52nd session of the Statistical Commission in 2021 (information)
UNSD, in collaboration with UN-ECE and UNFCCC, prepared the Report of the
Secretary-General on Climate Change Statistics to the 52nd session of the
Statistical Commission (E/CN.3/2021/20) (New York, 1 to 3 and 5 March 2021).
https://unstats.un.org/unsd/statcom/52nd-session/documents/2021-20-
ClimateChange-E.pdf

Global Set: Foundation
• Global Set, being developed in close collaboration with UNFCCC, is structured
according to the IPCC framework and FDES.
• Relevant articles of the Paris Agreement (PA) and the decisions under the PA Work
Programme adopted in Katowice, as well as related SDG and Sendai Framework
indicators, are also referenced to strengthen the link between statistics and policy.
2. Environmental
Resources and
their Use
3.
Residuals
4.
Extreme Events
and Disasters
6.
Environment
Protection,
Management and
Engagement
5.
Human
Settlements and
Environmental
Health
1.
Environmental
Conditions and
Quality
IPCC, 2007, Fourth Assessment
Report
Framework for the
Development of Environment
Statistics (FDES 2013)
FDES cross-cutting application
(Chapter 5) links climate change
and environment statistics
based on the IPCC Framework
Goal 13

Global Set: Methodology
The Global Set is based on:
• systematic review of climate change statistics and indicators
from 130 countries, with representative regional coverage, and
identification of most commonly repeated statistics/indicators;
• discussions at several meetings of the UNSD-led Expert Group
on Environment Statistics (EGES);
• bilateral consultations with specialized agencies and in-depth
discussions with selected countries; and
• inputs from an extensive Pilot Survey that took place in 2020.
More information:
https://unstats.un.org/unsd/envstats/climatechange.cshtml and
https://unstats.un.org/unsd/envstats/ClimateChange_StatAndInd_global.cshtml

Global Consultation on draft Global Set
Part I:
• Institutional Dimension of Climate Change Statistics and Indicators (in countries): aims at
collecting general information on the institutional dimensions of climate change statistics
through an online survey.
• International Agency’s Activities on Climate Change Statistics and Indicators: aims at
collecting general information on the main activities led by international Agencies (data
collection, methodology development and capacity development), through an online
survey.
Part II:
• Draft Global Set of Climate Change Statistics and Indicators (Excel file: Part
II_DraftGlobalSet.xls) which allows respondents to provide comments on each individual
indicator or statistic in the Excel file;
• Metadata (Word file: Part II_Metadata.doc) which allows respondents to provide detailed
comments on the metadata in the Word file.

• 80 member states have submitted Part 1 and/or 2 (as of 27 September 2021).
• 19 member states acknowledged.
• 24 agencies also submitted.
Responses from the Global Consultation
The boundaries shown and used on this map do not imply official
endorsement or acceptance by the United Nations.

Adaptation topics and indicators in the Global Set
Adaptation: Initiatives and measures to reduce the vulnerability of natural and
human systems against actual or expected climate change effects. Various types of
adaptation exist, e.g. anticipatory and reactive, private and public, and autonomous
and planned. Examples are raising river or coastal dikes, the substitution of more
temperature-shock resistant plants for sensitive ones, etc. (IPCC Climate Change 2007
Synthesis Report).
• Climate change adaptation policies, strategies and plans
• Risk management, disaster forecasting and early warning systems
• Climate change public awareness and education
• Climate change adaptation management and practice
• Climate change monitoring
• Water management
• Waste management

Adaptation topics and indicators in the Global Set
105 Number of sectors planning, budgeting and implementing climate change adaptation actions 5020 3 Governance
106 Share of government adaptation expenditure in relation to GDP (UN-ECE 35) 5030 3 Expenditures
107 Proportion of local governments that adopt and implement local disaster risk reduction strategies in line with national disaster risk reduction strategies (SDG 13.1.3)
5100 2 Governance
108 Coverage of disaster shelters per capita 5110 3 Governance
109 Climate change funds received 5120 3 Governance
110 Coverage of early warning systems 5130 3 Governance
111 Average increase of insurance premiums incurred due to climate change 5140 3 Insurance
112 Proportion of population with access to climate information 5200 3 Education
113 Extent to which (i) global citizenship education and (ii) education for sustainable development are mainstreamed in (a) national education policies; (b) curricula; (c) teacher education; and
5210 2 Education
114 Number of companies publishing sustainability reports (SDG 12.6.1) 5220 2 Corporate report
115 Areas adapted to climate change [Adaptation at coastal zones or river basin] 5230 3 Land
116 Proportion of important sites for terrestrial and freshwater biodiversity that are covered by protected areas 5250 1 Protected areas
117 Share of green urban areas in the total area of cities (UN-ECE 82) 5300 3 Urban areas
118 Number of units dedicated to climate change in government structures 5310 3 Governance
119 Number of reports on climate change statistics and indicators 5320 3 Governance
120 Proportion of degraded area of ecosystems which has been restored 5330 3 Ecosystems
121 National National Integrated Coastal Zone Management (ICZM) 5340 3 Governance
122 Fisheries measures in place and multilateral/bilateral fisheries management arrangements 5350 3 Governance
123 Buildings adapted to climate change 5290 3 Buildings
124 Proportion of agricultural area under productive and sustainable agriculture (SDG 2.4.1) 5260 2 Agriculture
125 Progress towards sustainable forest management (SDG 15.2.1) 5360 2 Forests
126 Biodiversity information monitoring index 5500 2 Biodiversity
127 Meteorological monitoring network 5510 3 Meteorology
128 Air quality monitoring systems 5520 3 Meteorology
129 Water monitoring systems 5530 3 Water
130 Ocean monitoring 5540 3 Water
131 Water use per capita 5580 2 Water
132 Municipal waste collected per capita 5550 1 Waste
133 Proportion of municipal waste treated 5560 1 Waste
134 Proportion of domestic and industrial wastewater flows safely treated (SDG 6.3.1 ) 5570 2 Water quality

Consultancy work in CARICOM and African countries
• An assessment of existing and needed capacities in Caribbean Community Small
Island Developing States (CARICOM SIDS) and African countries was done in early
2021 focused on indicators related to climate vulnerability and adaptation, which
were the areas identified as particularly important for SIDS, developing and least
developed countries.
• The assessment was completed by two international consultants who gathered
information from about 10 countries.
• It helped to define priority indicators on vulnerability and adaptation in the
above-mentioned regions.

Consultancy work in CARICOM and African countries
501
105 Number of sectors planning, budgeting and implementing climate change adaptation actions 5020 3 Governance
List and description of adaptation actions 5021 2 Governance
510
108 Coverage of disaster shelters per capita 5110 3 Governance
Number of disaster shelters 5111 3 Governance
109 Climate change funds received 5120 3 Governance
5121 Governance
Existence and number of early warning systems (FDES 6.3.1.a.7) 5131 2 Governance
Insurance premiums incurred due to climate change 5141 3 Insurance
520
112 Proportion of population with access to climate information 5200 3 Education
Number of households with timely access to climate information 5201 3 Education
Number of people reached through climate change public awareness campaigns 5202 3 Education
523
List and description 5311 3 Governance
Number of dwellings with adequacy of building materials defined by national or local standards (FDES 5.1.3.g)
5292 2 Buildings
Climate change adaptation management and practice
Climate change adaptation policies, strategies and plans
Risk management, disaster forecasting and early warning systems
Climate change public awareness and education

Country responses to Part 1 of Global Consultation
(as of 1 Sept)
• Of 60 responses (55 countries) 28 provided information on NSOs involvement
in adaptation-related information;
• Most (10) mentioned some general form of involvement in terms of data
supply;
• Several (7) specified that households statistics were provided for adaptation
measures and policies drawn by relevant national institutions;
• Isolated examples include spatially explicit data on population which is applied
to overlay with data on hazard areas;
• Environmental statistics (on crops, livestock, energy) supplied by NSOs were
also mentioned in isolated cases.
D4. What kind of adaptation related information/data/statistics have been
provided, or are ready to be provided, by the NSO for use in preparing national
reports (such as National Adaptation Plans (NAPs) under the UNFCCC or
Adaptation Communications under the Paris Agreement)?

Country responses to part 2 on the adaptation indicators
Europe America Asia/Australia Africa
Relevance most 6 6 3 4
half 4 1 3 3
few 10 2 1 1
Data availability most 1 1
half 4 3 2 3
few 16 7 4 4
22 11 9 8
About 50 countries assessed the proposed adaptation indicators to certain degree.

Country responses to part 2 on the adaptation indicators
• Overall, the adaptation indicators are more relevant to countries outside of
Europe
• Data availability is challenging (since most are Tier 3), most countries have data
for few of the proposed indicators
• Several countries that considered also proxies assessed half or more of the
indicators/statistics as measurable (Chile and Mauritius assessed most indicators
with either available data or available proxies)
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
most half few
Relevance
Europe America, Asia, Africa and Australia
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
most half few
Data availability
Europe America, Asia, Africa and Australia

Responses by international agencies
1. Improvements on several tier 3 indicators suggested:
• By IMF on Insurance indicator (111), adaptation expenditures (106), reports
on climate statistics (119), received funds (109)
• By WCMC on areas adapted to CC (115), biodiversity-important areas (116),
restored ecosystems (120)
2. New indicators suggested:
• By FAO, particularly in the area of adaptation – focusing on aquaculture and
fisheries;
• UN-Women: disaggregation suggested for many indicators, need for explicit
indicators on gender.
3. Overall comments on the process and structure:
• ESCAP
• ECE

Future work on adaptation indicators
1. Fill gaps in metadata and update tiers (where possible in the next period):
2. Improve the relation to climate change (mid-term):
3. Develop missing definitions and methods (longer term):
Existence and number of early warning systems (FDES 6.3.1.a.7) 5131 2 Governance
Insurance premiums incurred due to climate change 5141 3 Insurance
124 Proportion of agricultural area under productive and sustainable agriculture (SDG 2.4.1) 5260 2 Agriculture
Risk mitigation mechanisms (Subindicator of SDG 2.4.1) 5261 2 Agriculture
Variation in water availability (Water use, Subindicator of SDG 2.4.1) 5270 2 Agriculture
Use of agro-biodiversity-supportive practices (Subindicator of SDG 2.4.1) 5280 2 Agriculture
125 Progress towards sustainable forest management (SDG 15.2.1) 5360 2 Forests
Proportion of forest area located within legally established protect areas (Subindicator of SDG 15.2.1)
5361 2 Forests
Proportion of forest area under a long-term forest management plan (Subindicator of SDG 15.2.1)
5370 2 Forests
Forest area under an independently verified forest management certification scheme (Subindicator of SDG 15.2.1)
5380 2 Forests
120 Proportion of degraded area of ecosystems which has been restored 5330 3 Ecosystems
Area of restored ecosystems 5331 3 Ecosystems
121 National National Integrated Coastal Zone Management (ICZM) 5340 3 Governance
Areas covered by ICZM 5341 3 Governance
122 Fisheries measures in place and multilateral/bilateral fisheries management arrangements 5350 3 Governance
5351 Governance
Number of dwellings with adequacy of building materials defined by national or local standards (FDES 5.1.3.g)
5292 2 Buildings

Planned actions of UNSD
• Use the responses to the Global Consultation further explore ways, in
collaboration with UNFCCC, to strengthen the relationship between NSOs and
national authorities reporting climate change information;
• Continue capacity development/information sessions on climate change
statistics online, in collaboration with regional commissions;
• Follow up with non-respondents;
• Validate incoming responses and provide feedback to countries;
• Continue analysis of Global Consultation and discuss results at 8th meeting of
the Expert Group on Environment Statistics (Oct. 2021);
• Update Global Set and related metadata;
• Submit the Global Set to the 53rd session of the Statistical Commission, in
March 2022, for adoption;
• Provide continuous support to countries to carry on activities beyond the
Global Consultation;
• Develop training materials and implementation guidelines/strategy for capacity
development.

Thank you for your attention!
For more information please contact the Environment Statistics Section
at the United Nations Statistics Division:
E-mail: envstats@un.org
Website: https://unstats.un.org/unsd/envstats/
Climate Change Statistics Website
https://unstats.un.org/unsd/envstats/climatechange.cshtml
and
https://unstats.un.org/unsd/envstats/ClimateChange_StatAndInd_global.cshtml

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