Innovative Approaches and common challenges in OECD countries in developing and implementing national adaptation strategies (KE4CAP session 1)

1. INNOVATIVE APPROACHES AND COMMON
CHALLENGES IN OECD COUNTRIES IN
DEVELOPING AND IMPLEMENTING
NATIONAL ADAPTATION STRATEGIES
Catherine Gamper, OECD

2. Source: Climate-Adapt website: maps are provided without prejudice to status
or sovereignty of any territory
2
National adaptation policies have been widely adopted
NAS or NAP adopted
Only NAP adopted
Only NAS adopted
Neither NAS nor NAP
adopted
Status of EU members
states’ national adaptation
policies

3. National adaptation policies have been widely adopted
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
2005 2007 2009 2011 2013 2015 2017 2019
Total number of OECD countries with climate adaptation
plans or strategies in place (total 37)
3
12 OECD countries with 5+ years of
implementation

4. 4
Adaptation measures increasingly communicated through
countries Nationally Determined Contributions (NDC’s)
6
29
5
3
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
1
Note: Total number of countries: 43 (36 OECD members w/o Turkey, plus Brazil,
Russia, India, Indonesia, China, South Africa, Costa Rica) based on the latest
NDC’s: it includes 36 OECD countries (Turkey is missing)
5 dedicate a whole adaptation in a paragraph
(India, Indonesia, Korea, Mexico, Russia)
3 intend to develop indicators to measure adaptation (Chile, Colombia,
UK)
6 do not mention adaptation
(Brazil, Japan, New Zealand, Norway, Switzerland, US)
29 give adaptation a “mention”
Number of countries’ NDC’s
referring to adaptation

5.  Climate scenario and impact research
 Education, training and awareness raising
 Mainstreaming across sectors
 Implementation of adaptation measures
 Co-ordination of climate change measures and
activities across relevant actors
 Commonly differentiated geographies
(coastal zones, mountains, cities)
 Commonly covered sectors
(agriculture, health, infrastructure, water management, disaster risk management,
biodiversity, knowledge and research)
Source: Updated from OECD (2015) Climate Change Risks and
Adaptation: Linking Policy and Economics 5
Similarities in national adaptation policies

6. 6
Similarities and differences in national adaptation policies
• Limited discussion of financial resources
• Responsibility for coordination held by MoE
• Implementation to occur at sectoral and local levels
• M&E to be subsequently elaborated
Similarities
• Tangibility of actions proposed
• Links with other strategic planning documents
• Extent of stakeholder engagement (private sector,
local actors)
• Degree of decentralisation
Differences
Source: Updated from OECD (2015)
Climate Change Risks and Adaptation:
Linking Policy and Economics

7. Challenges for national adaptation planning
 Complex and uncertain nature of climate
change demands a flexible and long-term
commitment
 Lack of weak steer by one key agency/ministry
is key
 Lack of systems to translate commitments into
practice/adaptation actions
 Lack of financial planning
 Lack of (or weak) political support
 Lack of data and indicators to track progress in
implementation and to measure objectives
Source: Updated from OECD (2015) Climate Change Risks and Adaptation: Linking Policy and Economics

8. About 37% develop indicators
(e.g. Brazil, Canada, Estonia,
Poland, UK, Belgium, Germany)
About 53% have expressed
willingness to set indicators
5% do not mention of indicators
5 cover climate risk,
adaptation process and
adaptation outcomes
Only adaptation process
Some countries provide details on
indicators at the subnational level
(Australia, Belgium)
3
Data and indicators in national adaptation policies
Source: NAP’s/NAS of 19 OECD member countries
5% provide information on indicators
in other documents

9. 3
Objective
• Improved rescue capacity
and the ability of people to
protect their health and
property has reduced the
negative effect of climate
change on health and the
quality of life.
Measure
• Development of
information, monitoring
and support systems and
preparation of action plans
for improving the efficiency
and managing the health
risks arising from climate
change.
• Increase rescue capacity
Metric and target
level by 2030
• Mortality rate in summer
months (June – August) (%
of the annual total
mortality)
• Target level 2030: <22.5%
Data and indicators to measure progress in implementation
Source: Climate Change Adaptation Plan (2017), Republic of Estonia, Ministry of Environment
Country highlight: Estonia: National Adaptation Plan (2017)

10. 10
Conclusion: considerations for supporting national
action
• Increasing resonance with political imperatives and constraints
• More distributional analysis
• Engagement of external actors
Analysis to support implementation
• Aligning policies for resilience
• Increasing transparency around climate risks
Infrastructure resilience
• Learning (and sharing) what works
Monitoring and evaluation

11. Thank you
https://www.oecd.org/environment/cc/climate-adaptation/