1. The document analyzes several Slovak alternative media websites that publish pro-Kremlin propaganda using techniques like reversing history, citing biased "experts," mixing opinions with facts, and spreading false statements. 2. These websites promote claims like "Putin is a strong leader," "NATO is war-mongering," and "Russian intervention in Ukraine helps oppressed Russians," among other pro-Kremlin narratives. 3. However, the amount of pro-Kremlin propaganda in Slovak media is declining thanks to the work of organizations that educate readers and disclose propaganda techniques.

1. Information Warfare on the
Internet - Exposing and Countering
pro-Kremlin Disinformation in the
CEEC - Project Summary in Slovakia
Presentation prepared by Iveta Varényiová.

2. Slovak alternative media...or a story
about war between conspiracy and
„Conspirators“

3. Analysed online media
• www.zemavek.sk
• www.zvedavec.org
• www.stopautogenocide.sk
• www.slobodnyvysielac.sk
• www.hlavnespravy.sk
• www.panobcan.sk

4. Technique: reversing history

5. Technique: „experts“ opinions

6. Technique: using emotions

7. Technique: mixing personal opinions
with facts

8. Technique: spreading propaganda

9. Low-quality journalism
• grammatical mistakes,
• misspelled names,
• usage of mocking wording.
• non-original articles and poorly translated texts.

10. Promoted „facts“ and main statements
• „Vladimir Putin is a strong leader“,
• „NATO is the war-mongering aggressor“,
• „war in Syria is fight against radical terrorism“,
• „Russian intervention in Ukraine is help to
oppressed Russian speaking minority“,
• „Russian foreign policy is peaceful and
helpful“.

11. Two sides of one story
• Spreading conspiracy,
• mixing facts and
opinions,
• creating distorted news,
• Slovak polititians sharing
pro-Kremlin
propagandistic opinions,
• amount of pro-Kremlin
propaganda slowly
declining,
• more institutions and
iniciatives informing
about propaganda
sources,
• more experienced
readers.

13. Summary
• Slovak so- called alternative media is publishing articles inspired or
influenced by pro-Kremlin propaganda using various narratives,
cospiracy teories and false statements. However, there is decline of
amount of those kind of texts thanks to activities of particular
Slovak and international organisations which aim is to disclose
propaganda and educating readership.
• The authors use the technique of mixing facts with false claims and
personal opinions, vague statements, describing unknown blogger
as political scientists or geopolitical analysts, fogging facts, reversing
history and cynism.
• The authors use the technique of vague statements and
implementing emotions.

14. Thank you for your attention!

15. The project is co-financed by the International
Visegrad Fund