Zener breakdown and avalanche breakdown are types of electrical breakdowns in semiconductor devices. Zener breakdown occurs when a high electric field is applied across a PN junction diode, causing electrons to flow in the reverse bias direction. It is used for voltage regulation and surge protection. Avalanche breakdown happens due to collision of minority carriers in a reverse biased PN junction, producing an avalanche of current carriers very quickly. It protects circuits from unwanted high voltages or currents and is used in surge protectors. Both have advantages like performance and size but disadvantages like poor regulation and non-linear output for Zener, and low reliability and noise for avalanche breakdown.

1. TOPIC:ZENER BREAKDOWN AVALANCHE BREAKDOWN
PRESENTED BY
MUHUYA SARKAR(BWU/BTS/20/205)

2.  A breakdown is a downward move in a security's price,
usually through an identified level of support, that
portends further declines. A breakdown commonly
occurs on heavy volume and the subsequent move
lower tends to be quick in duration and severe in
lower tends to be quick in duration and severe in
magnitude.

3.  The Zener breakdown mainly occurs because of a high
electric field. When the high electric-field is applied
across the PN junction diode, then the electrons start
flowing across the PN-junction. Consequently, expands
the little current in the reverse bias.
the little current in the reverse bias.

4.  Zener breakdown are used for voltage regulation ,as
reference element ,surge suppressors ,and in
switching applications and clipper circuits.

5.  ADVANTAGE:
A. Performance.
B. Size and expense.
C. Compatibility and
obtain ability.
 DISADVANTAGE:
A. Zener breakdown
have a relative poor
regulation ratio and
are generally not as
good as transistors.
obtain ability.
D. Control of flowing
current.
good as transistors.
B. Zener breakdown
cancel out voltages
by applying even
large voltages in the
reverse direction
,wasting electricity in
the process.

6.  Avalanche Breakdown is the process of current
carrier multiplication due to collision of thermally
generated minority carriers with crystal ions in a
lightly doped reverse biased PN junction diode.
An avalanche of current carriers is produced in a
very short time due to this breakdown of pn
very short time due to this breakdown of pn
junction diode. Holes in n side and electrons in p
side are minority carriers. Current carriers in pn
junction diode are holes and electrons.

7.  The avalanche breakdown is used for the
protection of the circuit.
 It is used to protect the circuit against
unwanted voltage.
 It is used in surge protectors to protect the
 It is used in surge protectors to protect the
circuit from surge voltage.

8.  Advantage:
 This breakdown protects
the circuit from damage
once the voltage or
current increases
suddenly.
Disadvantage:
 Low relibility.
 As compared to a normal PN
junction breakdown ,the
noise production is higher
within the breakdown.
The breakdown output is not
 The doped within the
semiconductor materials
mainly used for the
designing of this
breakdown is low.
 The current in avalanche
breakdown gives a high
current.
 It has high performance.
 The breakdown output is not
linear.

9. THANK YOU