Presentation about James Cook
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James Cook was an 18th century British explorer and navigator who rose through the ranks of the Royal Navy. He led three major voyages of exploration and discovery in the Pacific Ocean, mapping coastlines and claiming territory for Britain. Cook's voyages radically changed European understanding of world geography by mapping New Zealand, Australia's eastern coast, and exploring the Antarctic without finding the hypothesized southern continent. Cook was killed in Hawaii during his third voyage while attempting to take a local leader hostage during escalating tensions with islanders.
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Hugh Clapperton
Hugh Clapperton was a Scottish explorer of West and Central Africa in the early 19th century. He made two journeys to Africa: the first from 1816-1827 where he explored the Niger River region with Walter Oudney until Oudney's death, after which Clapperton continued alone. Exhausted, he returned to England in 1825. He immediately embarked on a second expedition in 1826 to continue his exploration of the Niger River region and open trade routes, but he died in Sokoto in 1827 before completing his mission.
Captain james cook
Captain James Cook was a renowned British explorer who led three major voyages of discovery. On his first voyage from 1768-1771 aboard the Endeavour, Cook mapped New Zealand and became the first European to encounter Australia's eastern coastline. His second voyage from 1772-1775 saw Cook cross the Antarctic Circle and discover many Pacific islands. Cook's third and final voyage from 1776-1779 aimed to find the Northwest Passage, during which he discovered the Hawaiian Islands but was killed in a confrontation with Hawaiians in Kealakekua Bay. Cook circumnavigated the globe on his voyages and made significant contributions to exploration, navigation and cartography.
Captain cook by Bella and Bridget
Captain James Cook was an English explorer and navigator who sailed the ship HMS Endeavour and made three voyages of discovery, notably mapping much of the Pacific Ocean and claiming Australia for Britain. He was sent to observe the transit of Venus in 1769 and search for the fabled southern continent of Terra Australis. Cook died in 1779 in Hawaii after a confrontation with native Hawaiians during his third voyage of exploration and mapping in the Pacific.
James Cook2
James Cook was a British explorer born in 1728 who completed three voyages of exploration and made significant discoveries. On his first voyage from 1768-1771, he mapped New Zealand and became the first European to observe the transit of Venus and make landfall on the eastern coast of Australia. His second voyage from 1772-1775 took him south in search of the unknown southern continent. On his third and final voyage from 1776-1779, Cook explored the Pacific Northwest coast of North America and was killed in Hawaii in 1779 during a confrontation with locals.
Courtney's Presentation About Captain Cook
James Cook was a British explorer from the 18th century who made three voyages of exploration to the Pacific Ocean. He was the first European to map the majority of the east coast of Australia and the Hawaiian islands, and the first recorded European to have encountered the eastern coastline of New Zealand. On his first voyage, Cook sailed to Tahiti to observe the transit of Venus in 1769 and became the first European to visit eastern Australia and Hawaii.
James cook
James Cook was a British explorer born in 1728 in Yorkshire, England who led three major expeditions to the Pacific Ocean. During his first expedition aboard the Endeavour from 1768-1771, Cook proved that New Zealand was two separate islands, mapped part of Australia's east coast, and opened the Strait between Australia and New Guinea. His second expedition from 1772-1775 saw his ships cross the Antarctic Circle for the first time. Cook's third and final expedition from 1776-1779 resulted in the discovery of the Hawaiian Islands and Christmas Island before he was killed by Hawaiian inhabitants in 1779.
James Cook
James Cook was a British explorer born in 1728 who made three voyages of exploration and discovery in the Pacific Ocean. He mapped much of the region, made accurate navigational charts, and was the first European to visit many islands and lands, including becoming the first to circumnavigate and map Antarctica. Cook commanded three ships, the Endeavour, Resolution, and Adventure, and his explorations greatly expanded European knowledge of the Pacific and contributed to navigational accuracy. He died in 1779 after being stabbed by Hawaiians during his third voyage.
James Cook
James Cook conducted three major voyages of exploration and discovery: (1) To observe the transit of Venus in 1768-1771, exploring New Zealand, Australia, and Tahiti; (2) In 1772-1775 to search for the mythical southern continent of Terra Australis, disproving its existence while mapping other areas; (3) From 1776-1779 to search for the Northwest Passage, landing in Hawaii where he was killed in a fight with Hawaiians in 1778. Cook made many contributions including mapping territories, discovering the true nature of Polynesians' relations with Europeans, and identifying that citrus cures scurvy. He was a skilled navigator and leader who expanded
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Hugh Clapperton
Hugh Clapperton was a Scottish explorer of West and Central Africa in the early 19th century. He made two journeys to Africa: the first from 1816-1827 where he explored the Niger River region with Walter Oudney until Oudney's death, after which Clapperton continued alone. Exhausted, he returned to England in 1825. He immediately embarked on a second expedition in 1826 to continue his exploration of the Niger River region and open trade routes, but he died in Sokoto in 1827 before completing his mission.
Captain james cook
Captain James Cook was a renowned British explorer who led three major voyages of discovery. On his first voyage from 1768-1771 aboard the Endeavour, Cook mapped New Zealand and became the first European to encounter Australia's eastern coastline. His second voyage from 1772-1775 saw Cook cross the Antarctic Circle and discover many Pacific islands. Cook's third and final voyage from 1776-1779 aimed to find the Northwest Passage, during which he discovered the Hawaiian Islands but was killed in a confrontation with Hawaiians in Kealakekua Bay. Cook circumnavigated the globe on his voyages and made significant contributions to exploration, navigation and cartography.
Captain cook by Bella and Bridget
Captain James Cook was an English explorer and navigator who sailed the ship HMS Endeavour and made three voyages of discovery, notably mapping much of the Pacific Ocean and claiming Australia for Britain. He was sent to observe the transit of Venus in 1769 and search for the fabled southern continent of Terra Australis. Cook died in 1779 in Hawaii after a confrontation with native Hawaiians during his third voyage of exploration and mapping in the Pacific.
James Cook2
James Cook was a British explorer born in 1728 who completed three voyages of exploration and made significant discoveries. On his first voyage from 1768-1771, he mapped New Zealand and became the first European to observe the transit of Venus and make landfall on the eastern coast of Australia. His second voyage from 1772-1775 took him south in search of the unknown southern continent. On his third and final voyage from 1776-1779, Cook explored the Pacific Northwest coast of North America and was killed in Hawaii in 1779 during a confrontation with locals.
Courtney's Presentation About Captain Cook
James Cook was a British explorer from the 18th century who made three voyages of exploration to the Pacific Ocean. He was the first European to map the majority of the east coast of Australia and the Hawaiian islands, and the first recorded European to have encountered the eastern coastline of New Zealand. On his first voyage, Cook sailed to Tahiti to observe the transit of Venus in 1769 and became the first European to visit eastern Australia and Hawaii.
James cook
James Cook was a British explorer born in 1728 in Yorkshire, England who led three major expeditions to the Pacific Ocean. During his first expedition aboard the Endeavour from 1768-1771, Cook proved that New Zealand was two separate islands, mapped part of Australia's east coast, and opened the Strait between Australia and New Guinea. His second expedition from 1772-1775 saw his ships cross the Antarctic Circle for the first time. Cook's third and final expedition from 1776-1779 resulted in the discovery of the Hawaiian Islands and Christmas Island before he was killed by Hawaiian inhabitants in 1779.
James Cook
James Cook was a British explorer born in 1728 who made three voyages of exploration and discovery in the Pacific Ocean. He mapped much of the region, made accurate navigational charts, and was the first European to visit many islands and lands, including becoming the first to circumnavigate and map Antarctica. Cook commanded three ships, the Endeavour, Resolution, and Adventure, and his explorations greatly expanded European knowledge of the Pacific and contributed to navigational accuracy. He died in 1779 after being stabbed by Hawaiians during his third voyage.
James Cook
James Cook conducted three major voyages of exploration and discovery: (1) To observe the transit of Venus in 1768-1771, exploring New Zealand, Australia, and Tahiti; (2) In 1772-1775 to search for the mythical southern continent of Terra Australis, disproving its existence while mapping other areas; (3) From 1776-1779 to search for the Northwest Passage, landing in Hawaii where he was killed in a fight with Hawaiians in 1778. Cook made many contributions including mapping territories, discovering the true nature of Polynesians' relations with Europeans, and identifying that citrus cures scurvy. He was a skilled navigator and leader who expanded
Allyse's Presentation of Captain Cook
James Cook was a famous 18th century British explorer and astronomer who made several expeditions around the world, including to Antarctica, the Arctic, and the Pacific Ocean. He discovered New Zealand and Australia, though a Dutch explorer had previously landed in Australia without claiming it. Cook was chosen for his first voyage in 1768 due to his experience and skills as a navigator.
James cook- Power Point
James Cook was a famous English explorer. He studied mathematics and astronomy and became an expert mapmaker. In 1768, he sailed on a ship called the Endeavour to Tahiti in the Pacific Ocean. He took scientists and artists with him to collect plants and animals. After visiting Tahiti, Cook opened a letter instructing him to search for another continent, which he found on the east coast of Australia. Cook explored many other lands and islands, but was ultimately killed in Hawaii during his third voyage.
Cook’s voyages by Ben and Nick
Captain James Cook led three major voyages of exploration between 1768 and 1779. In his first voyage aboard the Endeavour, he successfully mapped both New Zealand and eastern Australia, though he was stung by a cup moth. His second voyage saw him become the first explorer to map Antarctica and discover fur seals off South Georgia. While his third voyage sought a northwest passage through the Arctic, it ended tragically with his death in Hawaii in 1779.
Captain Cook
Captain James Cook was a famous British explorer and astronomer born in 1728 in Marton, England who made three expeditions around the world, mapping Australia and New Zealand on his first voyage from 1768 to 1771 where he sought to observe the transit of Venus; Cook explored many lands including Australia, New Zealand, and Antarctica before being killed in Hawaii in 1779 while trying to avoid scurvy through a diet of fruits and vegetables.
Cy-James Cook
James Cook was a British explorer born in 1728 who completed three major expeditions for Great Britain between 1768-1779. He became a captain in 1771 and led the first of his expeditions to Tahiti and New Zealand, where he produced highly accurate maps. On his second voyage he explored the Pacific Ocean, including discovering Hawaii. His third voyage sought the Northwest Passage but he died in Hawaii in 1779 after encountering hostile locals who initially thought he was a god.
James cook
James Cook was born in 1736 in Yorkshire, England and apprenticed as a grocer and haberdasher as a teenager before becoming interested in the sea. He joined the merchant navy and Royal Navy, gaining experience in mathematics and navigation. Cook commanded three expeditions to the Pacific Ocean between 1768-1779, where he mapped coastlines, discovered new islands and lands, and made European contact with indigenous peoples. On his final voyage, while attempting to take a Hawaiian chief hostage, Cook was struck on the head and stabbed to death in the surf at Kealakekua Bay in Hawaii in 1779.
френсис дрейк презентация
Francis Drake was an English seafarer and vice-admiral who was the first British person to circumnavigate the globe. He was born in Devonshire, England and became a ship's boy at age 12. Drake led many expeditions, including attacking Spanish ports along the Pacific coast of South America in 1577 on behalf of Queen Elizabeth I. He explored the coast as far north as modern-day Vancouver. Drake died of dysentery in 1596 while on an expedition in the West Indies.
English Explorers
The document summarizes several notable English explorers in the 15th-16th centuries:
- John Cabot was the first, sailing under the English flag in 1497 and exploring Newfoundland before being lost at sea.
- Francis Drake gained fame by raiding Spanish ships and settlements in the 1570s, becoming the first Englishman to circumnavigate the globe.
- Sir Walter Raleigh unsuccessfully established the Roanoke colony in present-day North Carolina and organized further colonial ventures.
- Henry Hudson explored the Arctic and northeastern North America, with geographic features like the Hudson River and Bay named after him.
The first-fleet
The First Fleet consisted of 11 ships that sailed from Great Britain to establish the first European colony in New South Wales, Australia in 1787-1788. The fleet carried over 1,400 convicts, officials, marines, and crew to populate the new colony. Upon arriving, they discovered Botany Bay was unsuitable for settlement and established the new colony at Port Jackson instead. Conditions were difficult for early colonists and convicts due to a lack of supplies, shelter, and farming experience in the new environment.
Australia history powerpoint
The document summarizes the history of Australia up until 1901. It describes the indigenous Aboriginal people as the first inhabitants who lived as hunter-gatherers. It then discusses early European explorers like Abel Tasman and Captain James Cook who charted the coastline in the 17th-18th centuries. The document also notes that Britain began transporting convicts to Australia in the late 18th century to serve out their sentences through hard labor and building settlements. Gold was discovered in Australia in the 1800s, fueling further western expansion into the interior.
A brief history of australia
1) The first convicts were transported from Britain to Australia beginning in 1787 as an alternative punishment to hanging for crimes. 2) Life was difficult for the early colonists as they established settlements with few supplies. 3) Exploration and the establishment of new colonies continued in the 19th century, growing the Australian population, though conflict with indigenous peoples remained an ongoing issue.
The First Fleet by Grace
The First Fleet departed from Portsmouth, England on May 13th 1787 led by Captain Arthur Phillip. It carried over 1,487 people including 778 convicts to establish a British colony in New South Wales, Australia. The journey lasted 8 months and 1 week, arriving on January 26th with only 48 deaths. England sent convicts to Australia because America no longer accepted British convicts, and establishing a penal colony in New South Wales was seen as the solution. The First Fleet brought supplies needed for the new settlement like seeds, farming tools, and livestock.
Captain James Cook
Captain James Cook was a British explorer famous for his three voyages to the Pacific Ocean between 1768 and 1779. He commanded HMS Endeavour on his first voyage where he achieved the first recorded European contact with eastern Australia and Hawaii. On his second voyage aboard HMS Resolution, Cook continued exploring the Pacific, proving that New Zealand was not attached to a larger southern landmass. Tragically, during his third voyage in a bid to kidnap the ruler of Hawaii to recover a stolen boat, Cook was killed in a confrontation with Hawaiians in 1779.
The Arrival of the First Fleet by Olivia
The First Fleet, consisting of 11 ships led by Captain Arthur Philip, departed from Portsmouth, England on May 13th, 1787 and arrived in Sydney Cove, Australia on January 26th, 1788 after stops in the Canary Islands, Rio de Janeiro, and Cape of Good Hope. The fleet carried over 800 convicts, marines, and crew to establish a British penal colony in New South Wales. The arrival of the First Fleet was a pivotal event as it resulted in the establishment of the first European settlement in Australia.
The fist fleet amelia
The First Fleet brought the first European settlers and convicts to establish a British penal colony in Australia. It was comprised of 11 ships including the HMS Sirius, The Gold Grove, The Charlotte, HMS Supply and The Friendship. The convicts faced harsh conditions and punishments, with sentences ranging from 7 years transportation to death. Captain Arthur Phillip led the First Fleet as Governor-designate and initially sailed on the HMS Sirius before transferring to the HMS Supply. The convicts received meager rations of meat, flour, tea and sometimes tobacco or rum, with female convicts receiving two-thirds the ration of males.
Convicts
The document summarizes life for convicts sent to live in the penal colony of New South Wales, Australia in the late 18th century. It describes how Britain established the colony after losing the American Revolutionary War and no longer being able to send convicts to America. The harsh conditions convicts faced including long journeys by ship, hard labor, meager food rations, and brutal punishments like flogging. It also discusses the growing population of the colony over time as more convicts and free settlers arrived.
History of Australia
European explorers first reached Australia in the 17th and 18th centuries, with Captain Cook claiming eastern Australia for Britain in 1770. Due to overcrowding and harsh punishments in Britain, the first convicts were transported to Australia beginning in 1787. The first colonists established themselves at Port Jackson in 1788, founding Sydney. Throughout the 19th century, more settlers and convicts arrived as Australia became a British colony, with the six colonies federating to form the nation of Australia in 1901.
Australian history
The first settlers arrived in Australia around 50,000 years ago, with population growth 10,000 years ago as the climate improved. Fighting decimated Aboriginal populations, especially in Tasmania. In 1788, the First Fleet established the first European settlement in Sydney as a penal colony, founding modern Australia on 26 January. In 1901, the federation of Australian colonies created the Commonwealth of Australia.
Australia
Australia is an island continent located in the Southern Hemisphere comprising the mainland and Tasmania. It was originally inhabited by indigenous Australians and later colonized by Britain in 1770. In 1901, the six colonies federated to form the Commonwealth of Australia. Australia has diverse landscapes ranging from deserts to tropical rainforests and the Great Barrier Reef. It has a strong economy and is known for its unique fauna like kangaroos and koalas as well as landmarks like Uluru and Sydney Opera House.
John cabot arjun and shivani p6a real1 final
John Cabot was an Italian explorer who sailed for England in 1497. On his first voyage, he landed on the coast of Newfoundland and claimed the land for England, discovering the rich fishing waters of the Grand Banks. He was attempting to find a northwest passage to Asia in order to trade goods and become wealthy. Some of his notable accomplishments include bringing important maps back to England and finding the Grand Banks fishing grounds, which fed many people for centuries.
Captain james cook
Captain James Cook was a British explorer who made three voyages to the Pacific Ocean between 1768 and 1779. Some key facts:
- He commanded the HMS Endeavour and was the first European to visit Hawaii, New Zealand, and parts of the east coast of Australia.
- On his first voyage, he aimed to observe the transit of Venus and search for the unknown southern continent.
- His second voyage sought to find the Northwest Passage between the Atlantic and Pacific oceans.
- On his third voyage, Cook explored the Pacific Northwest coast of North America and was killed in a confrontation with Hawaiians in 1779.
Captain james cook
Captain James Cook was a British explorer, navigator, cartographer, and captain in the Royal Navy. He made three voyages to the Pacific Ocean and helped expand British territory. During his third voyage, he was killed in Hawaii in 1779 after a confrontation with native Hawaiians on the beach at Kealakekua Bay.
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Allyse's Presentation of Captain Cook
James Cook was a famous 18th century British explorer and astronomer who made several expeditions around the world, including to Antarctica, the Arctic, and the Pacific Ocean. He discovered New Zealand and Australia, though a Dutch explorer had previously landed in Australia without claiming it. Cook was chosen for his first voyage in 1768 due to his experience and skills as a navigator.
James cook- Power Point
James Cook was a famous English explorer. He studied mathematics and astronomy and became an expert mapmaker. In 1768, he sailed on a ship called the Endeavour to Tahiti in the Pacific Ocean. He took scientists and artists with him to collect plants and animals. After visiting Tahiti, Cook opened a letter instructing him to search for another continent, which he found on the east coast of Australia. Cook explored many other lands and islands, but was ultimately killed in Hawaii during his third voyage.
Cook’s voyages by Ben and Nick
Captain James Cook led three major voyages of exploration between 1768 and 1779. In his first voyage aboard the Endeavour, he successfully mapped both New Zealand and eastern Australia, though he was stung by a cup moth. His second voyage saw him become the first explorer to map Antarctica and discover fur seals off South Georgia. While his third voyage sought a northwest passage through the Arctic, it ended tragically with his death in Hawaii in 1779.
Captain Cook
Captain James Cook was a famous British explorer and astronomer born in 1728 in Marton, England who made three expeditions around the world, mapping Australia and New Zealand on his first voyage from 1768 to 1771 where he sought to observe the transit of Venus; Cook explored many lands including Australia, New Zealand, and Antarctica before being killed in Hawaii in 1779 while trying to avoid scurvy through a diet of fruits and vegetables.
Cy-James Cook
James Cook was a British explorer born in 1728 who completed three major expeditions for Great Britain between 1768-1779. He became a captain in 1771 and led the first of his expeditions to Tahiti and New Zealand, where he produced highly accurate maps. On his second voyage he explored the Pacific Ocean, including discovering Hawaii. His third voyage sought the Northwest Passage but he died in Hawaii in 1779 after encountering hostile locals who initially thought he was a god.
James cook
James Cook was born in 1736 in Yorkshire, England and apprenticed as a grocer and haberdasher as a teenager before becoming interested in the sea. He joined the merchant navy and Royal Navy, gaining experience in mathematics and navigation. Cook commanded three expeditions to the Pacific Ocean between 1768-1779, where he mapped coastlines, discovered new islands and lands, and made European contact with indigenous peoples. On his final voyage, while attempting to take a Hawaiian chief hostage, Cook was struck on the head and stabbed to death in the surf at Kealakekua Bay in Hawaii in 1779.
френсис дрейк презентация
Francis Drake was an English seafarer and vice-admiral who was the first British person to circumnavigate the globe. He was born in Devonshire, England and became a ship's boy at age 12. Drake led many expeditions, including attacking Spanish ports along the Pacific coast of South America in 1577 on behalf of Queen Elizabeth I. He explored the coast as far north as modern-day Vancouver. Drake died of dysentery in 1596 while on an expedition in the West Indies.
English Explorers
The document summarizes several notable English explorers in the 15th-16th centuries:
- John Cabot was the first, sailing under the English flag in 1497 and exploring Newfoundland before being lost at sea.
- Francis Drake gained fame by raiding Spanish ships and settlements in the 1570s, becoming the first Englishman to circumnavigate the globe.
- Sir Walter Raleigh unsuccessfully established the Roanoke colony in present-day North Carolina and organized further colonial ventures.
- Henry Hudson explored the Arctic and northeastern North America, with geographic features like the Hudson River and Bay named after him.
The first-fleet
The First Fleet consisted of 11 ships that sailed from Great Britain to establish the first European colony in New South Wales, Australia in 1787-1788. The fleet carried over 1,400 convicts, officials, marines, and crew to populate the new colony. Upon arriving, they discovered Botany Bay was unsuitable for settlement and established the new colony at Port Jackson instead. Conditions were difficult for early colonists and convicts due to a lack of supplies, shelter, and farming experience in the new environment.
Australia history powerpoint
The document summarizes the history of Australia up until 1901. It describes the indigenous Aboriginal people as the first inhabitants who lived as hunter-gatherers. It then discusses early European explorers like Abel Tasman and Captain James Cook who charted the coastline in the 17th-18th centuries. The document also notes that Britain began transporting convicts to Australia in the late 18th century to serve out their sentences through hard labor and building settlements. Gold was discovered in Australia in the 1800s, fueling further western expansion into the interior.
A brief history of australia
1) The first convicts were transported from Britain to Australia beginning in 1787 as an alternative punishment to hanging for crimes. 2) Life was difficult for the early colonists as they established settlements with few supplies. 3) Exploration and the establishment of new colonies continued in the 19th century, growing the Australian population, though conflict with indigenous peoples remained an ongoing issue.
The First Fleet by Grace
The First Fleet departed from Portsmouth, England on May 13th 1787 led by Captain Arthur Phillip. It carried over 1,487 people including 778 convicts to establish a British colony in New South Wales, Australia. The journey lasted 8 months and 1 week, arriving on January 26th with only 48 deaths. England sent convicts to Australia because America no longer accepted British convicts, and establishing a penal colony in New South Wales was seen as the solution. The First Fleet brought supplies needed for the new settlement like seeds, farming tools, and livestock.
Captain James Cook
Captain James Cook was a British explorer famous for his three voyages to the Pacific Ocean between 1768 and 1779. He commanded HMS Endeavour on his first voyage where he achieved the first recorded European contact with eastern Australia and Hawaii. On his second voyage aboard HMS Resolution, Cook continued exploring the Pacific, proving that New Zealand was not attached to a larger southern landmass. Tragically, during his third voyage in a bid to kidnap the ruler of Hawaii to recover a stolen boat, Cook was killed in a confrontation with Hawaiians in 1779.
The Arrival of the First Fleet by Olivia
The First Fleet, consisting of 11 ships led by Captain Arthur Philip, departed from Portsmouth, England on May 13th, 1787 and arrived in Sydney Cove, Australia on January 26th, 1788 after stops in the Canary Islands, Rio de Janeiro, and Cape of Good Hope. The fleet carried over 800 convicts, marines, and crew to establish a British penal colony in New South Wales. The arrival of the First Fleet was a pivotal event as it resulted in the establishment of the first European settlement in Australia.
The fist fleet amelia
The First Fleet brought the first European settlers and convicts to establish a British penal colony in Australia. It was comprised of 11 ships including the HMS Sirius, The Gold Grove, The Charlotte, HMS Supply and The Friendship. The convicts faced harsh conditions and punishments, with sentences ranging from 7 years transportation to death. Captain Arthur Phillip led the First Fleet as Governor-designate and initially sailed on the HMS Sirius before transferring to the HMS Supply. The convicts received meager rations of meat, flour, tea and sometimes tobacco or rum, with female convicts receiving two-thirds the ration of males.
Convicts
The document summarizes life for convicts sent to live in the penal colony of New South Wales, Australia in the late 18th century. It describes how Britain established the colony after losing the American Revolutionary War and no longer being able to send convicts to America. The harsh conditions convicts faced including long journeys by ship, hard labor, meager food rations, and brutal punishments like flogging. It also discusses the growing population of the colony over time as more convicts and free settlers arrived.
History of Australia
European explorers first reached Australia in the 17th and 18th centuries, with Captain Cook claiming eastern Australia for Britain in 1770. Due to overcrowding and harsh punishments in Britain, the first convicts were transported to Australia beginning in 1787. The first colonists established themselves at Port Jackson in 1788, founding Sydney. Throughout the 19th century, more settlers and convicts arrived as Australia became a British colony, with the six colonies federating to form the nation of Australia in 1901.
Australian history
The first settlers arrived in Australia around 50,000 years ago, with population growth 10,000 years ago as the climate improved. Fighting decimated Aboriginal populations, especially in Tasmania. In 1788, the First Fleet established the first European settlement in Sydney as a penal colony, founding modern Australia on 26 January. In 1901, the federation of Australian colonies created the Commonwealth of Australia.
Australia
Australia is an island continent located in the Southern Hemisphere comprising the mainland and Tasmania. It was originally inhabited by indigenous Australians and later colonized by Britain in 1770. In 1901, the six colonies federated to form the Commonwealth of Australia. Australia has diverse landscapes ranging from deserts to tropical rainforests and the Great Barrier Reef. It has a strong economy and is known for its unique fauna like kangaroos and koalas as well as landmarks like Uluru and Sydney Opera House.
John cabot arjun and shivani p6a real1 final
John Cabot was an Italian explorer who sailed for England in 1497. On his first voyage, he landed on the coast of Newfoundland and claimed the land for England, discovering the rich fishing waters of the Grand Banks. He was attempting to find a northwest passage to Asia in order to trade goods and become wealthy. Some of his notable accomplishments include bringing important maps back to England and finding the Grand Banks fishing grounds, which fed many people for centuries.
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Captain James Cook was a British explorer who made three voyages to the Pacific Ocean between 1768 and 1779. Some key facts:
- He commanded the HMS Endeavour and was the first European to visit Hawaii, New Zealand, and parts of the east coast of Australia.
- On his first voyage, he aimed to observe the transit of Venus and search for the unknown southern continent.
- His second voyage sought to find the Northwest Passage between the Atlantic and Pacific oceans.
- On his third voyage, Cook explored the Pacific Northwest coast of North America and was killed in a confrontation with Hawaiians in 1779.
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Contexts -- Geography -- Northern PassageBefore the creation of th.docx
Contexts -- Geography -- Northern Passage
Before the creation of the Suez Canal (completed in 1869) and the Panama Canal (begun 1882, completed 1914), navigation between the hemispheres was a complicated process, involving lengthy trips around the Cape of Good Hope in South Africa or the Cape of Horn in South America, both notoriously difficult to navigate. Explorers turned their attention to the north, in the hopes of finding a means of sailing from the Atlantic to the Pacific. Two major paths, a Northeast Passage and a Northwest Passage, were sought for centuries, with minimal success.
Northeast Passage
The searches for a Northeast Passage -- one from the north of Scandinavia, into the Arctic Basin, and along the north coast of Asia -- began in the late sixteenth century. In 1596, fifteen Dutch sailors, led by Jacob van Heemskerck and Willem Barents, tried to complete the Northeast Passage, only to be trapped in June near the northcape of Novaya Zemlya. The sailors were trapped there for months in an ad-hoc dwelling built from driftwood they called Het Behouden Huys (the Saved House; the site was discovered in 1871). Their ordeal was described in print by one of the sailors, Gerrit de Veer, in 1598.
Most of the searches for a Northeast Passage, though, were carried out by Russia, which hoped to increase the profitability of its fur trade by finding a more direct route from the Atlantic to the Pacific. By the end of the 16th century the Russians had established a commercial route via the Arctic to the fur-trading centre of Mangazeya on the Taz River in western Siberia. But a polar passage was still greatly desired. Several archaelogical digs in Taymyr in the 1940s provide evidence of an unsuccessful Russian mission to sail the Northeast Passage in or shortly after 1619.
By 1645, Russian trading vessels were routinely sailing between the Kolyma and Lena Rivers along the Arctic coast. In 1648, Semyon Dezhnyov, a Cossack, was the first European to sail what is now called the Bering Strait. He sailed east from the Kolyma toward the Anadyr basin, believed to be rich in furs. Although several of his ships were destroyed, Dezhnyov reached Cape Olyutorsky, from which he traveled overland to the north to the Anadyr.
Dezhnyov's voyage aroused interest in exploration in Russia. In the 1720s, Peter the Great authorized a number of voyages to the area he had first sailed. It was Vitus Bering, an officer of Danish birth who served in the Russian navy, who made the most important discoveries. In 1728 he discovered St. Lawrence Island and sailed through the Bering Strait (named for him) and well into the Arctic Ocean, although, because he did not see Alaska, he did not realize how far he had in fact sailed. Four years later, two Russians, Ivan Fyodorov and Mikhail Gvozdev, were the first Europeans to see Alaska.
The discovery of a passage to the Pacific led to the greatest operation in the history of polar exploration, the Great Northern Expedition, which b.
Acquired froim google.com ; its for the images for star venus at transist .
James Cook led a Royal Navy expedition on the HMS Endeavour to observe the rare 1769 transit of Venus across the sun. The goal was to use parallax measurements from different locations to determine the scale of the solar system. Cook and his crew arrived safely in Tahiti in 1769 and observed the transit, but atmospheric distortions made their measurements less precise. After completing their astronomical work, Cook spent over a year exploring the Pacific, mapping New Zealand and Australia and searching unsuccessfully for a hypothesized southern continent before returning to England.
HUMANITIES YEAR 9: EARLY SETTLERS
Abel Tasman was the first European explorer to sight New Zealand in 1642. He encountered hostile Maori in Murderers Bay and named the land Staten Landt before it became known as New Zealand. In 1769, James Cook was sent to map New Zealand and determine if it was the hypothesized "great southern continent." Cook circumnavigated and mapped both islands, making contact and sometimes conflict with Maori tribes. His accounts of New Zealand's potential for settlement sparked European interest in colonizing the islands.
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Edward Gibbon Wakefield was a British politician who played a key role in the early colonization of South Australia and New Zealand. In 1840, the first passenger ship arrived in Wellington Harbor, New Zealand, dumping settlers and their belongings on the beach as they had to learn new survival skills to cope in the isolated environment. By 1841, despite the difficult conditions faced by the settlers that included earthquakes, fires, and lack of infrastructure, nearly 2,500 people were living in Wellington, establishing the beginnings of permanent European settlement.
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Isabella I was queen of Castile from 1474-1504. In 1469, she married Ferdinand II of Aragon, uniting Spain's two largest kingdoms. In 1492, they completed the Reconquista by defeating the last Muslim kingdom in Granada. That same year, they expelled all Jews who refused conversion and sponsored Christopher Columbus's voyage, which established Spain's overseas empire. Isabella took an interest in the treatment of Native Americans brought back from the new lands.
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- Early proposals were made in the late 18th century to establish a British penal colony in Australia to replace territory lost in North America after the Revolutionary War. James Matra, who had travelled with Captain Cook, produced a proposal in 1783 advocating for a settlement composed of American Loyalists, Chinese, and Pacific Islanders, though not convicts. After meeting with government officials, he amended his proposal in 1784 to include convicts as settlers. The government was considering this plan, and newspapers announced in 1784 that a new colony was being planned for New Holland.
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Contexts -- Geography -- Northern PassageBefore the creation of th.docx
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Syllabus
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Introduction to objective, scope and outcome the subject
Chapter 2
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Chapter 3
Surveying: Object Principles & Types of Surveying; Site Plans, Plans & Maps; Scales & Unit of different Measurements.
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- 2. Cook was an 18th century explorer and navigator whose achievements in mapping the Pacific, New Zealand and Australia radically changed western perceptions of world geography. As one of the very few men in the 18th century navy to rise through the ranks, Cook was particularly sympathetic to the needs of ordinary sailors.
- 3. James Cook was born on 27 October 1728 in a small village near Middlesbrough in Yorkshire. His father was a farm worker. At the age of 17, Cook moved to the coast, settling in Whitby and finding work with a coal merchant. In 1755, Cook enlisted in the Royal Navy, serving in North America where he learnt to survey and chart coastal waters. In 1769, the planet Venus was due to pass in front of the Sun, a rare event visible only in the southern hemisphere. The British government decided to send an expedition to observe the phenomenon. A more secret motive was to search for the fabled southern continent. Cook was chosen as commander of the Whitby-built HMS Endeavour. Those on board included astronomer Charles Green and botanist Joseph Banks.
- 4. Endeavour arrived in Tahiti in April 1769 where Green was able to observe the transit of Venus. Endeavour continued on to New Zealand, and then sailed along the length of Australia's eastern coast, which had never before been seen by Europeans. Cook claimed it for Britain and named it New South Wales. Cook and his crew then returned home, arriving in July 1771. In 1772, not satisfied by his previous exploits, Cook set out on a second voyage to look for the southern continent. His two ships sailed close to the Antarctic coast but were forced to turn back by the cold. They then visited New Zealand and Tahiti, returning to England in 1775. Cook's third voyage was to find the North-West Passage that was believed to link the Atlantic and Pacific oceans. Unable to find the fabled route, Cook took his two ships south and explored the island of Hawaii. Relations with the islanders were soured after the theft of a ship's boat. On 14 February Cook tried to take the local leader hostage. There was a scuffle and Cook was stabbed and killed.
- 5. Voyages