NEW PROTEIN STRUCTURE COULD HELP TREAT ALZHEIMER´S, RELATED DISEASES AND WHEN TEMPERATURES GET COLD, NEWLY-DISCOVERED PROCESS HELPS FRUIT FLIES COPE.
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The document discusses two recent scientific discoveries: 1) Researchers discovered a new protein structure called "alpha sheet" that can prevent proteins from taking a toxic form associated with amyloid diseases like Alzheimer's and Parkinson's. This has potential to help treat these conditions. 2) Scientists found that a protein called "klar" regulates the delivery of raw materials in fruit fly egg cells to match the slower production of proteins at cold temperatures. This helps fruit flies develop properly in cold, demonstrating an internal temperature regulation mechanism. Studying proteins like this in other organisms could help understand extreme temperature conditions.
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For example, traditional clinical medicine looks at the problem of obesity in terms of individual differences that explain why one person becomes obese and another does not. These factors may be due to genes, early environment, or current lifestyle. Now that one half of Americans are overweight, however, it is time to answer the evolutionary question: why are our bodies designed so that most of us eat too much and exercise too little?
Go to:
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An initial answer is simple. In the environment in which we evolved, natural selection shaped appetite regulation mechanisms to ensure that we survived periods of famine. In those ancient times, eating required walking for hours each day to get food, a caloric cost that made it impossible for most people to accumulate much surplus as fat.4 Exposure to intermittent periods of food shortage sets off a system that prepares for a coming famine by increasing appetite and basal weight above the starting point. Dieting activates the same system, so weight can rebound to above what it was when the diet began. When young people try to lose weight by using willpower to drastically limit their food intake, their regulation mechanisms react with a response that is adaptive: they often gorge themselves. These episodes of uncontrolled eating can make the dieter even more fearful of becoming obese, so still further efforts of will arouse the mechanism more strongly, setting in cycle the positive feedback spiral we see in anorexia and bulimia.
As for our food preferences, one would think we would be designed to eat what is good for us. The system would work fine if we lived on the African savanna. In the natural environment, fat, salt, and sugar are in such short supply that when they are encountered, the useful response is to consume them. Fat provides twice as many calories per gram as carbohydrates. Sugar is often associated with ripe fruits, and seeking it out was usually beneficial. Now that we can choose our foods, we prefer what was in short supply on the African savanna.
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3) The goal is to test if CellCept is safe for children with JNCL and to look for early signs that CellCept may affect JNCL symptoms like seizures, walking ability, mood, and thinking.
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Read more...
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1) Researchers at Washington University School of Medicine have successfully transplanted embryonic rat tissue into adult rats, growing it into fully functional kidneys that sustained the rats' lives for seven to eight days without their original kidneys.
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The document summarizes two studies about proteins that cause mutations. One study found that APOBEC proteins, which are involved in immune activities, cause over 70% of mutations in cancers like cervical, bladder, and lung tumors. The mutations may be influenced by environmental factors. The second study was the first to perform full genome sequencing on people with autism and found genetic risk factors for autism that could lead to improved treatments and allow for earlier diagnosis through genetic screening.
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2. Researchers developed a technique to tag chemotherapy drugs with fluorescent nanoparticles in order to track how drugs move through cells in real time. This could help understand varying patient responses to treatments.
3. The document discusses how genetic material in cells can be manipulated for therapeutic use, and cells like stem cells may help treat conditions like Alzheimer's and Parkinson's. The cell is an important target for various medical therapies.
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We know that DNA is located in the nucleus, but not all the actions are performed there. Therefore, must be an intermediary that helps the DNA in the transport of the information from the nucleus to cytoplasm.
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But there are cases when some kinds of organism don´t have the same way to do this process, like the virus, retrovirus and prions.
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After examining those potentially toxic interaction, he continues into a review of peer-reviewed evidence for the appropriate, thoughtful, and precise use of specific supplements in a targeted approach. The role of good basic antioxidant protection is discussed, as is the need for B-vitamins, Omega 3 fatty acids, and several others.
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The document discusses polygenic disorders, which are genetic disorders caused by more than one gene and influenced by environmental factors. They are difficult to study due to genetic variability. Two specific polygenic disorders discussed are Alzheimer's disease and diabetes/hypertension. For Alzheimer's, researchers are searching for biomarkers to detect the disease early before symptoms appear. For diabetes/hypertension, a study found that immune cells called eosinophils play an important role in regulating blood vessel function and their absence contributes to these conditions. Identifying the genetic factors for these disorders may help develop preventative measures and treatments to improve patient outcomes and quality of life.
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Evolution by natural selection has been biology's organizing principle for more than a century, but only in the last few decades has it been applied to the social sciences and medicine. Its application to medicine, known as evolutionary or Darwinian medicine, uses an evolutionary perspective to understand why the body is not better designed and why, therefore, diseases exist at all.1,2,3 This article outlines some basic principles of Darwinian medicine, summarizes the usefulness of evolutionary principles for medicine, and provides some examples from key literature sources.
For example, traditional clinical medicine looks at the problem of obesity in terms of individual differences that explain why one person becomes obese and another does not. These factors may be due to genes, early environment, or current lifestyle. Now that one half of Americans are overweight, however, it is time to answer the evolutionary question: why are our bodies designed so that most of us eat too much and exercise too little?
Go to:
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An initial answer is simple. In the environment in which we evolved, natural selection shaped appetite regulation mechanisms to ensure that we survived periods of famine. In those ancient times, eating required walking for hours each day to get food, a caloric cost that made it impossible for most people to accumulate much surplus as fat.4 Exposure to intermittent periods of food shortage sets off a system that prepares for a coming famine by increasing appetite and basal weight above the starting point. Dieting activates the same system, so weight can rebound to above what it was when the diet began. When young people try to lose weight by using willpower to drastically limit their food intake, their regulation mechanisms react with a response that is adaptive: they often gorge themselves. These episodes of uncontrolled eating can make the dieter even more fearful of becoming obese, so still further efforts of will arouse the mechanism more strongly, setting in cycle the positive feedback spiral we see in anorexia and bulimia.
As for our food preferences, one would think we would be designed to eat what is good for us. The system would work fine if we lived on the African savanna. In the natural environment, fat, salt, and sugar are in such short supply that when they are encountered, the useful response is to consume them. Fat provides twice as many calories per gram as carbohydrates. Sugar is often associated with ripe fruits, and seeking it out was usually beneficial. Now that we can choose our foods, we prefer what was in short supply on the African savanna.
We also choose our levels of exercise to minimize caloric expenditure—a wise strategy in the Paleolithic era when wasting calories could bring death. This tendency to be sedentary, in combination with our preferences for large amounts of high-calorie, high-fat food, has resulted in an epidemic of atherosclerotic disease. N.
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Both research articles discuss the role of specific proteins in human diseases. The first discusses how poor control of amyloid beta and tau proteins may be key to the progression of Alzheimer's disease. It found these proteins are less regulated in brain regions most vulnerable to the disease. The second identifies two Zika virus proteins, NS4A and NS4B, that may be responsible for microcephaly cases. Identifying these target proteins represents an important step towards potential prevention or treatment strategies for both conditions.
Proteins
Both research articles discuss the role of specific proteins in human diseases. The first discusses how poor control of amyloid beta and tau proteins may be key to the progression of Alzheimer's disease. It found these proteins are less regulated in brain regions most vulnerable to the disease. The second identifies two Zika virus proteins, NS4A and NS4B, that may be responsible for microcephaly cases. Identifying these target proteins represents an important step towards potential prevention or treatment strategies for both conditions.
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- Biology is the scientific study of life through processes like observation, hypothesis formation, experimentation, and analysis of data.
- The biosphere includes all living things and environments on Earth from land to oceans to the atmosphere. Biodiversity generally increases closer to the equator.
- All organisms share characteristics like being made of cells, needing energy, responding to stimuli, reproducing, and adapting. Evolution explains both unity and diversity of life through natural selection of adaptations over time.
- Understanding biology helps address issues like health, the environment, and new technologies like biotechnology which raises both promise and ethical questions. There are still many open questions left to
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Here are the materials used in this experiment:
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- Spectrophotometer
- Pipettes, tubes, gloves, lab coat for handling materials safely
Procedure:
1. Serum samples were collected from hens at various time points as they developed or did
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It is about aging and how aging is tried to controlled by different sort of methods and animals models are used in the testing the products created by science. It explains the different theories of aging in a very detailed manner. And the very least includes different animal models like mouse and monkey on which these treatments are applied and checked the effects of them that how we can control aging. We, can never say that controlling aging is something about that we are becoming immortal it is totally about finding the factors which can reduce tha aging and aging related diseases.
Folding biologia molecular
Scientists have identified two proteins that could aid in diagnosis and treatment of diseases: TDP-43 is linked to Alzheimer's disease and may help diagnose it through brain scans, while FGF1 regulates blood sugar in diabetics and shows promise as a new treatment by making cells more sensitive to insulin. Researchers also discovered that abnormal TDP-43 deposits relate to other neurodegenerative diseases. Further research on these and other proteins could lead to answers for diseases that have been difficult to diagnose and treat.
Presentacion plegable biomol
These two studies demonstrate the medical utility of genetics. The first identifies mutations contributing to a rare blood cancer, which could help clinicians design targeted treatments. The second discovers a gene controlling the circadian cycle, improving understanding of conditions like hormone disorders. Together they show how genetics research advances medicine by revealing disease causes and biological mechanisms.
Dna is not destiny
This document summarizes key findings in the new field of epigenetics. It discusses how environmental factors like diet and stress can induce epigenetic changes that alter gene expression without changing DNA. Specifically, it describes an experiment where changing mother mice's diet resulted in offspring with different physical traits and disease risks. The document also discusses how epigenetic changes can be passed down generations, how the human epigenome is as important as DNA, links between epigenetics and diseases like cancer, and how nurturing behaviors in rats can induce epigenetic changes in offspring's brains that affect stress responses.
Ppt0000001
The document discusses two scientific findings: 1) Researchers found that the protein plasminogen stimulates the replication of prion proteins, which could lead to new treatments for prion diseases like mad cow disease. 2) A study showed that horizontal gene transfer, rather than gene duplication, is the primary driver of gene family expansion in bacteria, allowing them to rapidly adapt and gain antibiotic resistance. This has major implications for the spread of drug-resistant superbugs.
Presentación plegable molecular
The document discusses two studies: 1) A study that discovered a protein called Nova 1 that modulates gene expression involved in nervous system formation and structure, providing new insights into vertebrate brain evolution. 2) A study that found a link between obesity and insulin resistance, discovering that RNA splicing proteins are decreased in obese individuals, altering gene expression and predisposing them to insulin resistance and potential diabetes. The studies advance understanding of gene regulation and splicing in health and disease.
Molecular biology
The document summarizes several studies on DNA replication and the molecular machinery involved. It describes how researchers used tools like molecular biology and biochemistry to slow down and "freeze" the replication process at intermediate steps. This allowed them to observe conformational changes in proteins like the origin recognition complex (ORC) as it recruits the helicase enzyme to unwind DNA. Cryo-electron microscopy was then used to capture 3D structures of the protein components and reveal how they interact during replication initiation. The studies provide new insights into this critical cellular process.
Plegable Biologia Molecular
Polygenic mutations are caused by multiple mutations across several genes that interact with environmental factors. A study identified the CHD8 gene in mice, finding its mutation causes autism-like behaviors and brain abnormalities also seen in humans. Another study analyzed DNA from Siberian populations, finding genetic adaptations related to fat metabolism that helped with surviving cold climates and fat-rich diets. It is important for doctors to understand polygenic disorders and environmental influences to properly diagnose and treat patients.
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NEW PROTEIN STRUCTURE COULD HELP TREAT ALZHEIMER´S, RELATED DISEASES AND WHEN TEMPERATURES GET COLD, NEWLY-DISCOVERED PROCESS HELPS FRUIT FLIES COPE.
- 1. NEW PROTEIN STRUCTURE COULD HELP TREAT ALZHEIMER´S, RELATED DISEASES AND WHEN TEMPERATURES GET COLD, NEWLY-DISCOVERED PROCESS HELPS FRUIT FLIES COPE. MANUELA VALENCIA BOTERO Medicine Student 3rd Semester UPB
- 2. FOLDING
- 4. INTRODUCTION • Today the molecular biology is the starting point to know the form which difference pathology work in the human's body. • The amyloid disease are each time most frequently because part of a process that pass in all bodies. • A one gen in the drosophila permit maintain the temperature in blood-cold animals.
- 5. NEW PROTEIN STRUCTURE COULD HELP TREAT ALZHEIMER´S, RELATED DISEASES. Date: July 28, 2014. Source: University of Washington
- 6. NEW PROTEIN STRUCTURE COULD HELP TREAT ALZHEIMER´S, RELATED DISEASES. In the all bodies which age, some proteins change the normal state to abnormally folded, and accumulate in some tissues, but does not happen quickly. This are nominated amyloid fibrils.
- 7. NEW PROTEIN STRUCTURE COULD HELP TREAT ALZHEIMER´S, RELATED DISEASES. The amyloids fibrils possibly pass to a toxic state quickly and produce the amyloids diseases. The amyloids diseases include Parkinson's, Alzheimer's, heart disease and type 2 diabetes.
- 8. NEW PROTEIN STRUCTURE COULD HELP TREAT ALZHEIMER´S, RELATED DISEASES. The researchers found a one peptide nominate “"alpha sheet“. This is able to stop the passage the active protein to toxic protein. This will produce the decrease of the effects of these diseases or at least progress and accurate diagnosis of disease
- 9. NEW PROTEIN STRUCTURE COULD HELP TREAT ALZHEIMER´S, RELATED DISEASES. Each step in the research is a progress in search of the solution of the disease, and in this case the hope of a better quality of life for patients. The accurate diagnosis of the disease will do to better treatment and thus avoid treating these diseases to be widespread.
- 10. WHEN TEMPERATURES GET COLD, NEWLY DISCOVERED PROCESS HELPS FRUIT FLIES COPE. Dat e: July 21, 2014. Source: University of Rochester
- 11. WHEN TEMPERATURES GET COLD, NEWLY DISCOVERED PROCESS HELPS FRUIT FLIES COPE. The blood-cold animals does not have a mechanism to regulate its corporal temperature In this extreme temperature the cells are stressed and some biological processes in the cell are slowed down more than others.
- 12. WHEN TEMPERATURES GET COLD, NEWLY DISCOVERED PROCESS HELPS FRUIT FLIES COPE. A researchers discover the internal mechanisms of the egg cell of the fruit fly, known as Drosophila. The productions of proteins is a fundamental process in the cells, a type of assembly line carries raw materials from the nucleus to the posterior end of the egg cell where the proteins are synthesized
- 13. WHEN TEMPERATURES GET COLD, NEWLY DISCOVERED PROCESS HELPS FRUIT FLIES COPE. When temperatures drop, the rate at which the proteins are built is slow significantly more than the rate at which the raw materials are delivered A protein nominated “klar” decreases the rate at which proteins are delivered, to be proportional conduction and production. A one of the protein that are syntethized denominate “oskar”, It is essential to put the tail in the right place. Only when Klar was present did the fruit fly develop properly
- 14. WHEN TEMPERATURES GET COLD, NEWLY DISCOVERED PROCESS HELPS FRUIT FLIES COPE. This study demonstrates that humans do not possess the same mechanism but if a similar, and perhaps could be used for places where the temperature is extreme.
- 15. Medical utility
- 16. Medical utility The discovery of the protein from the gene that synthesizes makes it easier to correct disorders permanently or used for genetic manipulation. Detect the exact spot that develops a disease makes the research is successful, allowing the development of new techniques and drugs that promote the exact need of the patient.
- 17. Medical utility More and more diseases and modes of resistance arise, which is why research should be increasingly demanding, and go beyond. Animals are often the starting point and experiment to reach breakthroughs, and no matter what species is, any discovery can be a big step for medicine.
- 18. Medical utility The disease that has no solution will always be catastrophic from anywhere display, but how are you arise when solutions becomes easier to treat patients even from the psychological aspect. Although the investigation from the outset not have a medical use to future development of these can promote strides for humanity, including the discovery of this gene or the protein that maintains a coordinated certain temperature control may eventually be used in medicine and to be a benefit. Even I would say that researchers are the chaperone of medicine.
- 19. BIBLIOGRAPHY •SCIENCE DAILY. New protein structure could help treat Alzheimer's related diseases •SCIENCE DAILY. When temperatures get cold, newly— discovered process helps fruit flies cope. Voet, Donald; Voet, Judith. voet bioquímica. 3. Ed. Buenos Aires. Editorial medica panamericana. 2006. Páginas 318-321