This document discusses preparation for endodontic treatment, including obtaining informed consent, premedication with antibiotics, managing anxiety, prescribing pain medication, tooth isolation techniques using dental dams, and ensuring adequate tooth structure for isolation. Key points include the importance of informed consent, guidelines for antibiotic premedication, options for managing patient anxiety, and techniques for isolating teeth with inadequate structure, such as ligation, deep clamps, bonding material, or crown lengthening procedures. Proper isolation is emphasized as crucial for maintaining asepsis during root canal treatment.
history and development of dental implants /orthodontic courses by Indian den...Indian dental academy
Description :
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
Dental implants can replace missing teeth and consist of two parts: an implant that acts as an artificial root secured in the jawbone, and a crown that replaces the tooth. There are various types of implants and factors to consider for implantation, including bone quality and oral hygiene. The implantation process typically involves consultation, implantation surgery, a healing period of 3-6 months, impressions and prosthesis construction. Regular follow-up appointments are important after implantation.
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
This document discusses various methods of retention for maxillofacial prosthetics. It begins with a brief history of maxillofacial prosthetics from ancient Egypt to modern times. It then covers different types of anatomic retention including intraoral considerations like support from residual structures and extraoral considerations. The document also discusses various methods of mechanical retention such as cast clasps, attachments, adhesives, and implants that can be used to improve retention of maxillofacial prosthetics.
Dental implants are artificial fixtures placed surgically into the jawbone to replace missing teeth. There are different types of implants including subperiosteal, transosseous, and endosteal implants, with endosteal implants being the most common today. The process of osseointegration, where bone bonds to the implant surface without soft tissue interference, was discovered in 1952 and refined for successful dental implant treatment. The surgical procedure for placing implants involves two stages - the initial surgery to place the implant fixture followed by a second surgery once osseointegration is complete to place the abutment and crown. Factors like patient health, bone quality and quantity, surgical technique, and loading conditions can
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian dental academy provides dental crown & Bridge,rotary endodontics,fixed orthodontics,
Dental implants courses.for details pls visit www.indiandentalacademy.com ,or call
00919248678078
Dental implants can be used to support crowns, bridges, or dentures for patients who are missing one or more teeth. There are several types of implants based on placement location and material. Implant surgery involves placing the implant fixture into the jawbone, with some procedures allowing the implant to heal below gum tissue or protruding above gum tissue. Regular dental visits are needed after implant placement to monitor bone and soft tissue health around the implants.
Edentulism & Revolutionary Treatment :- The "All-on-4" Dental Implant Proce...Malo All on 4
The "All-on-4" dental implant procedure developed by Dr. Paulo Maló replaces all teeth in the upper or lower jaw with just four dental implants. This procedure eliminates the need for bone grafting and allows for immediate function with a fixed bridge. Placement of the four implants is focused on areas of the jaw with sufficient bone volume. Clinical studies show success rates of over 98% for the implants and over 99% for the prosthesis after up to 10 years.
history and development of dental implants /orthodontic courses by Indian den...Indian dental academy
Description :
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
Dental implants can replace missing teeth and consist of two parts: an implant that acts as an artificial root secured in the jawbone, and a crown that replaces the tooth. There are various types of implants and factors to consider for implantation, including bone quality and oral hygiene. The implantation process typically involves consultation, implantation surgery, a healing period of 3-6 months, impressions and prosthesis construction. Regular follow-up appointments are important after implantation.
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
This document discusses various methods of retention for maxillofacial prosthetics. It begins with a brief history of maxillofacial prosthetics from ancient Egypt to modern times. It then covers different types of anatomic retention including intraoral considerations like support from residual structures and extraoral considerations. The document also discusses various methods of mechanical retention such as cast clasps, attachments, adhesives, and implants that can be used to improve retention of maxillofacial prosthetics.
Dental implants are artificial fixtures placed surgically into the jawbone to replace missing teeth. There are different types of implants including subperiosteal, transosseous, and endosteal implants, with endosteal implants being the most common today. The process of osseointegration, where bone bonds to the implant surface without soft tissue interference, was discovered in 1952 and refined for successful dental implant treatment. The surgical procedure for placing implants involves two stages - the initial surgery to place the implant fixture followed by a second surgery once osseointegration is complete to place the abutment and crown. Factors like patient health, bone quality and quantity, surgical technique, and loading conditions can
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian dental academy provides dental crown & Bridge,rotary endodontics,fixed orthodontics,
Dental implants courses.for details pls visit www.indiandentalacademy.com ,or call
00919248678078
Dental implants can be used to support crowns, bridges, or dentures for patients who are missing one or more teeth. There are several types of implants based on placement location and material. Implant surgery involves placing the implant fixture into the jawbone, with some procedures allowing the implant to heal below gum tissue or protruding above gum tissue. Regular dental visits are needed after implant placement to monitor bone and soft tissue health around the implants.
Edentulism & Revolutionary Treatment :- The "All-on-4" Dental Implant Proce...Malo All on 4
The "All-on-4" dental implant procedure developed by Dr. Paulo Maló replaces all teeth in the upper or lower jaw with just four dental implants. This procedure eliminates the need for bone grafting and allows for immediate function with a fixed bridge. Placement of the four implants is focused on areas of the jaw with sufficient bone volume. Clinical studies show success rates of over 98% for the implants and over 99% for the prosthesis after up to 10 years.
This document provides an overview of dental implants, including their introduction, types, advantages, procedures, market, costs, risks, and related clinical trials. Dental implants, invented in 1952, are surgical fixtures placed into the jawbone to replace missing tooth roots and hold replacement teeth. There are three main types: endosseous, subperiosteal, and transosteal implants. Advantages include improved appearance, comfort, and oral health. Placement procedures involve both single tooth and multiple tooth replacements. Clinical trials aim to improve dental implants by reducing risks like peri-implantitis and fracture over the long-term.
Implants in oral and maxillo facial surgery /certified fixed orthodontic cou...Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian dental academy provides dental crown & Bridge,rotary endodontics,fixed orthodontics,
Dental implants courses.for details pls visit www.indiandentalacademy.com ,or call
00919248678078
This document provides an overview of dental implants. It begins with definitions of dental implants and discusses their history, notably the pioneering work of Branemark in the 1960s. Factors affecting successful osseointegration are outlined. The document then covers classification of implants, parts of implants, surface characteristics and treatments to alter surfaces. Current trends in design using finite element analysis and CAD/CAM technology are mentioned.
Implant supported maxillofacial prosthesis/cosmetic dentistry coursesIndian dental academy
This document discusses maxillofacial prosthodontics and the use of osseointegrated implants to support facial prostheses. It covers the history and development of maxillofacial osseointegration, differences from oral osseointegration, advantages over adhesives, criteria for success, and treatment planning considerations. Key aspects include improved retention and stability of prostheses supported by implants compared to adhesives, as well as increased longevity, comfort, and hygiene. Success rates are generally high but lower for irradiated patients. Careful patient selection and consideration of medical conditions is important.
Implant designs and materials/certified fixed orthodontic courses by Indian d...Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
Retention of maxillofacial prosthesis./cosmetic dentistry courseIndian dental academy
Indian Dental Academy: will be one of the most relevant and exciting training center with best faculty and flexible training programs for dental professionals who wish to advance in their dental practice,Offers certified courses in Dental implants,Orthodontics,Endodontics,Cosmetic Dentistry, Prosthetic Dentistry, Periodontics and General Dentistry.
The document discusses surgical and prosthetic techniques for maxillofacial rehabilitation following cancer resection, noting that the goal is to restore both function and cosmesis through a combination of surgery, such as skin grafting, and prosthetics like obturators and implants to replace missing structures of the face, jaw, and oral cavity.
Complication & failure of dental implants / cosmetic dentistry trainingIndian dental academy
Indian Dental Academy: will be one of the most relevant and exciting
training center with best faculty and flexible training programs
for dental professionals who wish to advance in their dental
practice,Offers certified courses in Dental
implants,Orthodontics,Endodontics,Cosmetic Dentistry, Prosthetic
Dentistry, Periodontics and General Dentistry.
Osseointegration is defined as a direct connection between living bone and a load-bearing implant. Four main factors are required for successful osseointegration: a biocompatible material, a precisely adapted implant, atraumatic surgery, and an undisturbed healing phase. Implant survival depends on proper home care including maintaining good oral hygiene and regular recall visits. Clinical components of an implant system include the implant, abutment, and prosthesis-retaining screw. Implant placement involves careful treatment planning, atraumatic surgery using guides, and a healing period before uncovering and prosthetic construction.
Indian Dental Academy: will be one of the most relevant and exciting training
center with best faculty and flexible training programs for dental
professionals who wish to advance in their dental practice,Offers certified
courses in Dental implants,Orthodontics,Endodontics,Cosmetic Dentistry,
Prosthetic Dentistry, Periodontics and General Dentistry.
This document discusses the clinical evaluation of dental implant patients. It covers topics such as definitions of dental implants, classifications of implants, components of implants, and pretreatment evaluation of potential implant patients. The pretreatment evaluation includes assessing medical history, dental history, local examination of bone and tissue quality, and determining if a patient's expectations are reasonable. Various classifications of available bone quality are provided, from abundant bone (Division A) to compromised bone (Division C), along with treatment options for each. The goal of the evaluation is to accurately diagnose a patient's current condition and determine if they are a suitable candidate for dental implants.
The document announces an implant foundation course on basal implants. The course will be held in multiple locations in 2013 and will teach techniques for immediate loading of implants. It will include lectures, live surgeries, and hands-on training. Participants will learn about basal osseointegration principles and techniques to place and restore implants immediately for fixed teeth replacement within 3 days.
This document discusses various dental instruments used in implant dentistry. It describes implant abutments, healing abutments, transfer copings, and implant analogues which are used to support crowns and bridges on dental implants. It also outlines different types of drills such as pilot drills, trephine drills, universal drills, and form drills used to prepare the implant site. Additionally, it mentions other instruments like bone expanders, sinus lift instruments, osteotomes, tissue punches, depth gauges, bone graft mills, paralleling pins, and sinus kits and their uses in dental implant procedures.
This document provides an overview of dental implant maintenance. It begins by defining the components of a dental implant system, including the implant fixture, abutment, and restoration. It then reviews the rationale for periodic periodontal maintenance after active treatment, noting that regular maintenance can help prevent further disease progression and tooth/implant loss. The document outlines parameters for clinical examinations and maintenance treatment procedures, including evaluating soft tissues, probing depths, radiographs and removing plaque and calculus. It provides considerations for maintaining dental implants, recommending plastic or titanium instruments to minimize surface alterations.
With increasing stress on preventive
prosthodontics, the use of overdentures has
reached a point where it is now a feasible
alternative to most treatment plan outlines in
the construction of a prosthesis for patients
with remaining teeth
An alternative impression technique for mobile teethDr Mujtaba Ashraf
This document describes an alternative technique for making impressions of mobile teeth. The technique involves using a combination of low viscosity polyvinyl siloxane (PVS), polyether (PE), and irreversible hydrocolloid impression materials. PVS is injected onto the buccal surfaces of mobile teeth while PE is injected onto the lingual surfaces. A stock tray is then filled with irreversible hydrocolloid. The impression is separated into three pieces and reassembled extraorally before pouring a stone cast, minimizing the risk of mobile teeth moving during the impression procedure.
Dental implants replace damaged tooth roots by surgically placing titanium implants into the jawbone. The implants fuse with the bone and function similarly to natural teeth. Crowns are attached to provide a natural appearance. Implants offer a long-lasting substitute for missing teeth and help maintain jawbone health. The implant procedure involves scans for planning, surgery to place implants, and post-operative medications and healing. Proper brushing, flossing, and dental checkups after implantation are important for long-term success and implant stability. Failure is rare if implants properly fuse with bone.
The document discusses the anatomy and function of the ear, diseases that can affect the ear, and treatments for hearing loss. It covers the three main parts of the ear - outer, middle, and inner ear. It describes how sound is transmitted through the ear and processed in the cochlea. The document focuses on different prosthetic devices and implants that can be used to reconstruct parts of the middle ear or restore hearing loss, such as partial or total ossicular replacement prostheses. It also discusses cochlear implants for inner ear deafness.
The document discusses various techniques for socket management and ridge preservation after tooth extraction, including closed socket preservation, open socket preservation and ridge augmentation, and delayed implant placement. It provides details on atraumatic extraction, use of biomaterials like collagen membranes and bone grafts, flap designs, and the benefits of preserving as much of the alveolar ridge as possible to prevent resorption and allow for better implant placement. The overall goal is to maintain ridge dimensions and maximize regenerative potential at each stage of treatment.
EXODONTIA CAN BE DEFINED AS THE PAINLESS REMOVAL OF THE WHOLE TOOTH OR A TOOTH ROOT WITHOUT TRAUMA TO THE INVESTING TISSUES, SO THAT THE WOUND HEALS UNEVENTFULLY AND NO POST OPERATIVE PROSTHETIC PROBLEM IS CREATED.
This document provides an overview of dental implants, including their introduction, types, advantages, procedures, market, costs, risks, and related clinical trials. Dental implants, invented in 1952, are surgical fixtures placed into the jawbone to replace missing tooth roots and hold replacement teeth. There are three main types: endosseous, subperiosteal, and transosteal implants. Advantages include improved appearance, comfort, and oral health. Placement procedures involve both single tooth and multiple tooth replacements. Clinical trials aim to improve dental implants by reducing risks like peri-implantitis and fracture over the long-term.
Implants in oral and maxillo facial surgery /certified fixed orthodontic cou...Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian dental academy provides dental crown & Bridge,rotary endodontics,fixed orthodontics,
Dental implants courses.for details pls visit www.indiandentalacademy.com ,or call
00919248678078
This document provides an overview of dental implants. It begins with definitions of dental implants and discusses their history, notably the pioneering work of Branemark in the 1960s. Factors affecting successful osseointegration are outlined. The document then covers classification of implants, parts of implants, surface characteristics and treatments to alter surfaces. Current trends in design using finite element analysis and CAD/CAM technology are mentioned.
Implant supported maxillofacial prosthesis/cosmetic dentistry coursesIndian dental academy
This document discusses maxillofacial prosthodontics and the use of osseointegrated implants to support facial prostheses. It covers the history and development of maxillofacial osseointegration, differences from oral osseointegration, advantages over adhesives, criteria for success, and treatment planning considerations. Key aspects include improved retention and stability of prostheses supported by implants compared to adhesives, as well as increased longevity, comfort, and hygiene. Success rates are generally high but lower for irradiated patients. Careful patient selection and consideration of medical conditions is important.
Implant designs and materials/certified fixed orthodontic courses by Indian d...Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
Retention of maxillofacial prosthesis./cosmetic dentistry courseIndian dental academy
Indian Dental Academy: will be one of the most relevant and exciting training center with best faculty and flexible training programs for dental professionals who wish to advance in their dental practice,Offers certified courses in Dental implants,Orthodontics,Endodontics,Cosmetic Dentistry, Prosthetic Dentistry, Periodontics and General Dentistry.
The document discusses surgical and prosthetic techniques for maxillofacial rehabilitation following cancer resection, noting that the goal is to restore both function and cosmesis through a combination of surgery, such as skin grafting, and prosthetics like obturators and implants to replace missing structures of the face, jaw, and oral cavity.
Complication & failure of dental implants / cosmetic dentistry trainingIndian dental academy
Indian Dental Academy: will be one of the most relevant and exciting
training center with best faculty and flexible training programs
for dental professionals who wish to advance in their dental
practice,Offers certified courses in Dental
implants,Orthodontics,Endodontics,Cosmetic Dentistry, Prosthetic
Dentistry, Periodontics and General Dentistry.
Osseointegration is defined as a direct connection between living bone and a load-bearing implant. Four main factors are required for successful osseointegration: a biocompatible material, a precisely adapted implant, atraumatic surgery, and an undisturbed healing phase. Implant survival depends on proper home care including maintaining good oral hygiene and regular recall visits. Clinical components of an implant system include the implant, abutment, and prosthesis-retaining screw. Implant placement involves careful treatment planning, atraumatic surgery using guides, and a healing period before uncovering and prosthetic construction.
Indian Dental Academy: will be one of the most relevant and exciting training
center with best faculty and flexible training programs for dental
professionals who wish to advance in their dental practice,Offers certified
courses in Dental implants,Orthodontics,Endodontics,Cosmetic Dentistry,
Prosthetic Dentistry, Periodontics and General Dentistry.
This document discusses the clinical evaluation of dental implant patients. It covers topics such as definitions of dental implants, classifications of implants, components of implants, and pretreatment evaluation of potential implant patients. The pretreatment evaluation includes assessing medical history, dental history, local examination of bone and tissue quality, and determining if a patient's expectations are reasonable. Various classifications of available bone quality are provided, from abundant bone (Division A) to compromised bone (Division C), along with treatment options for each. The goal of the evaluation is to accurately diagnose a patient's current condition and determine if they are a suitable candidate for dental implants.
The document announces an implant foundation course on basal implants. The course will be held in multiple locations in 2013 and will teach techniques for immediate loading of implants. It will include lectures, live surgeries, and hands-on training. Participants will learn about basal osseointegration principles and techniques to place and restore implants immediately for fixed teeth replacement within 3 days.
This document discusses various dental instruments used in implant dentistry. It describes implant abutments, healing abutments, transfer copings, and implant analogues which are used to support crowns and bridges on dental implants. It also outlines different types of drills such as pilot drills, trephine drills, universal drills, and form drills used to prepare the implant site. Additionally, it mentions other instruments like bone expanders, sinus lift instruments, osteotomes, tissue punches, depth gauges, bone graft mills, paralleling pins, and sinus kits and their uses in dental implant procedures.
This document provides an overview of dental implant maintenance. It begins by defining the components of a dental implant system, including the implant fixture, abutment, and restoration. It then reviews the rationale for periodic periodontal maintenance after active treatment, noting that regular maintenance can help prevent further disease progression and tooth/implant loss. The document outlines parameters for clinical examinations and maintenance treatment procedures, including evaluating soft tissues, probing depths, radiographs and removing plaque and calculus. It provides considerations for maintaining dental implants, recommending plastic or titanium instruments to minimize surface alterations.
With increasing stress on preventive
prosthodontics, the use of overdentures has
reached a point where it is now a feasible
alternative to most treatment plan outlines in
the construction of a prosthesis for patients
with remaining teeth
An alternative impression technique for mobile teethDr Mujtaba Ashraf
This document describes an alternative technique for making impressions of mobile teeth. The technique involves using a combination of low viscosity polyvinyl siloxane (PVS), polyether (PE), and irreversible hydrocolloid impression materials. PVS is injected onto the buccal surfaces of mobile teeth while PE is injected onto the lingual surfaces. A stock tray is then filled with irreversible hydrocolloid. The impression is separated into three pieces and reassembled extraorally before pouring a stone cast, minimizing the risk of mobile teeth moving during the impression procedure.
Dental implants replace damaged tooth roots by surgically placing titanium implants into the jawbone. The implants fuse with the bone and function similarly to natural teeth. Crowns are attached to provide a natural appearance. Implants offer a long-lasting substitute for missing teeth and help maintain jawbone health. The implant procedure involves scans for planning, surgery to place implants, and post-operative medications and healing. Proper brushing, flossing, and dental checkups after implantation are important for long-term success and implant stability. Failure is rare if implants properly fuse with bone.
The document discusses the anatomy and function of the ear, diseases that can affect the ear, and treatments for hearing loss. It covers the three main parts of the ear - outer, middle, and inner ear. It describes how sound is transmitted through the ear and processed in the cochlea. The document focuses on different prosthetic devices and implants that can be used to reconstruct parts of the middle ear or restore hearing loss, such as partial or total ossicular replacement prostheses. It also discusses cochlear implants for inner ear deafness.
The document discusses various techniques for socket management and ridge preservation after tooth extraction, including closed socket preservation, open socket preservation and ridge augmentation, and delayed implant placement. It provides details on atraumatic extraction, use of biomaterials like collagen membranes and bone grafts, flap designs, and the benefits of preserving as much of the alveolar ridge as possible to prevent resorption and allow for better implant placement. The overall goal is to maintain ridge dimensions and maximize regenerative potential at each stage of treatment.
EXODONTIA CAN BE DEFINED AS THE PAINLESS REMOVAL OF THE WHOLE TOOTH OR A TOOTH ROOT WITHOUT TRAUMA TO THE INVESTING TISSUES, SO THAT THE WOUND HEALS UNEVENTFULLY AND NO POST OPERATIVE PROSTHETIC PROBLEM IS CREATED.
Mouth preparation for removable partial dentures involves both prosthodontic and non-prosthodontic procedures to prepare the mouth for the prosthesis. Non-prosthodontic procedures include oral surgery to extract teeth and remove cysts or tumors, periodontal treatment like scaling and root planing to improve tissue health, and endodontic or restorative treatment of teeth. The goals are to establish oral health, eliminate interferences, and establish an acceptable occlusal scheme to enhance the function and long-term success of the partial denture.
1. Early treatment for impacted maxillary incisors is important to encourage natural eruption through presurgical space opening and orthodontic intervention after surgery.
2. Spontaneous eruption of impacted teeth is unlikely without presurgical orthodontic space opening and postsurgical orthodontic forces to guide eruption.
3. The optimal treatment approach involves presurgical orthodontic space opening, closed eruption surgical exposure with attachment placement, and postsurgical orthodontic forces to accelerate eruption and alignment of the tooth.
Overdenture is a favored treatment modality for elderly patients with few remaining teeth. Roots maintained under the denture base preserve the alveolar ridge, provide sensory feedback and improve the stability of the dentures. Furthermore, the use of copings and precision attachments on the remaining teeth enhances the retention of the denture. This clinical report describes a novel method of fabricating a tooth supported overdenture retained with custom made ball attachments using orthodontic separators as a female component. Customized ball attachments with orthodontic separators are a simple and cost effective alternative treatment to the use of prefabricated attachments for enhancing the retention of tooth supported overdentures.
Overdentures are a useful treatment option in many clinical situations. A simple complete lower overdenture which encloses the roots of two root-treated canines has been shown above (Fig. 12.51). Cases can be more complicated than this. The reduction in the crowns of the teeth may have occurred due to tooth wear from a combination of erosion and attrition. In the elderly, where such tooth reduction has occurred, root canal treatment may not be necessary. The removal of the roots will not benefit the patient and the overdenture is the best form of treatment.
Less common situations, such as partial anodontia, cleft palate or loss of tooth crown substance in dentinogenesis imperfecta, may also require restoration using overdentures. The distinction between an onlay and an overdenture is not clear-cut and a potentially difficult partial denture treatment, such as the restoration of a free end saddle, may be helped by the coverage of a canine or molar tooth with a reduced crown rather than a more involved crown restoration.
In the case illustrated in Figure 12.53, an elderly patient has severe tooth surface loss. The aetiology of this wear must be diagnosed before treatment is commenced. For instance, is this wear a result of parafunction or erosion from the consumption of acidic drinks? The remaining dentition has been restored and a definitive overdenture placed.
In 1989, Shetty and Freymiller [7] reviewed indications for removal of teeth in the line of fracture. They recommended the following indications:
1. Significant periodontal disease with gross mobility and periapical pathology
2. Partially erupted third molars with pericoronitis or cystic areas
3. Teeth preventing the reduction of fractures
4. Teeth with fractured roots
5. Teeth with exposed root apices or teeth in which the entire root surface from the apex to the gingival margin is exposed
6. Excessive delay from the time of fracture to the time of definitive treatment
In addition to these indications, another indication that requires extraction of teeth in the line of fracture is an acute, recurring abscess at the site of the fracture despite antibiotic therapy(8)
An immediate denture is a denture that is made prior to tooth extraction and inserted immediately after the teeth are removed. It maintains soft tissue contours and prevents issues like infection. The document outlines the indications, advantages, disadvantages, types, and clinical process for providing an immediate denture. Key steps include making impressions before extraction, inserting the denture after surgery, and follow up appointments to manage tissue changes. Immediate dentures can help patients maintain esthetics and function after tooth loss.
This document discusses factors to consider for case selection in endodontic treatment. Proper case selection is important to ensure successful treatment outcomes and avoid pitfalls. Key factors include those related to the tooth itself like root canal anatomy, restorability, and periodontal support. Patient health factors like medical history and physical status must also be evaluated. The clinician's skill and ability to handle different cases is another important consideration. Careful evaluation of all relevant factors helps determine if endodontic therapy is appropriate and predicts the difficulty level of the case.
This document discusses factors to consider when selecting cases for endodontic treatment. It begins by introducing the importance of proper case selection to avoid treatment failures. Key considerations for case selection include assessing the need for the tooth, its restorability, periodontal health, and the clinician's ability to perform the necessary procedures. Factors associated specifically with teeth include indications for treatment, as well as contraindications like insufficient support, improper positioning, excessive calcification or abnormal canal morphology. Patient health factors that may impact treatment include medical history, physical status, and conditions requiring antibiotic prophylaxis like cardiovascular diseases. The document provides guidelines on evaluating these case selection factors to optimize endodontic treatment outcomes.
Mouth preparation refers to procedures that must be accomplished before fixed prosthodontic treatment can be properly performed.
Rarely are crowns or fixed prosthodontic treatment provided without initial therapy because what causes the need for the fixed prosthesis also promote other pathological processes (caries and periodontal disease are the most common).
Failure of fixed prosthesis often results from inadequate or incomplete mouth preparation.
Mouth preparation for rpd /certified fixed orthodontic courses by Indian dent...Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian dental academy provides dental crown & Bridge,rotary endodontics,fixed orthodontics,
Dental implants courses.for details pls visit www.indiandentalacademy.com ,or call
0091-9248678078
This document discusses diagnosis and treatment planning for removable partial dentures. It begins by defining key terms like diagnosis, treatment planning, and removable partial denture. It emphasizes the importance of a thorough patient interview and medical/dental history to accurately diagnose issues and develop a treatment plan. The document outlines factors to consider in the patient interview and examining the patient's mouth, teeth and bone. It discusses how various medical conditions and medications can impact treatment and the need to consult physicians in some cases.
This document discusses various aspects of endodontic treatment including:
- Specialized endodontic instruments and equipment used for treatment such as endodontic instrument cases.
- Pain control techniques in endodontics including local anesthesia administration and use of conscious sedation.
- Endodontic cavity preparation including coronal and radicular preparation to remove caries and defects.
- Pulp amputation (pulpotomy) which involves removing part of the pulp, the indications, and technique.
- Pulpectomy (pulp extirpation) which involves removing the entire pulp, the indications, and steps in the technique.
Serial extraction involves removing certain primary and permanent teeth in a planned sequence to guide the erupting permanent teeth into a better position and relieve crowding. It is indicated for cases with over 4mm of arch length discrepancy. Teeth are extracted to encourage the early eruption of first premolars ahead of canines. Historical figures like Bunon and Linderer contributed to developing the technique. Diagnostic procedures include study models, radiographs, and photographs to assess the dentition and plan extractions.
This case report describes the management of dental extrusion injuries in a 9-year-old female patient. Four teeth (31, 41, 42, 11, 21) were severely extruded or avulsed following a bicycle accident. The extruded teeth had fully formed roots and closed apices. The teeth were repositioned and splinted. Two avulsed teeth received endodontic treatment after replantation. The patient was followed clinically and radiographically for 18 months. Three of the extruded teeth responded to sensitivity tests after 12 months, while one tooth remained unresponsive but asymptomatic. The case demonstrates that pulps of traumatized teeth with closed apices may remain vital and monitoring is important to avoid unnecessary
Treatment of Patients With Congenitally Missing Lateral Incisors: Is an Inter...Abu-Hussein Muhamad
Congenitally missing teeth are frequently presented to the dentist. Interdisciplinary approach may be needed for the proper treatment plan. The available treatment modalities to replace congenitally missing teeth include prosthodontic fixed and removable prostheses, resin bonded retainers, orthodontic movement of maxillary canine to the lateral incisor site and single tooth implants. Dental implants offer a promising treatment option for placement of congenitally missing teeth. Interdisciplinary approach may be needed in these cases. This article aims to present a case report of replacement of bilaterally congenitally missing maxillary lateral incisors with dental implants.
An immediate denture is a denture constructed before natural teeth are extracted, allowing it to be placed immediately after the extractions. It helps maintain appearance and functions like chewing and speech after tooth loss. While it provides advantages like minimized pain and bleeding, it also has limitations like inability to do try-ins and increased maintenance needs. The denture can be made with or without flanges, with flanged dentures providing better stability, strength and hemorrhage control but open-faced dentures may be preferable in cases with deep undercuts. Careful patient preparation and techniques like custom trays and records are needed to fabricate an immediate denture.
This document discusses preprosthetic surgery, which involves surgical procedures done prior to the construction of dentures to improve the denture foundation and ensure successful denture therapy. Some reasons for preprosthetic surgery include removing retained teeth/roots, smoothing uneven ridges, reducing tori or exostoses that could interfere with denture placement, and adjusting the mental foramen if resorption has caused sharp edges that could cause pain. Both non-surgical and surgical methods are discussed, including alveoloplasty to reshape ridges and remove undercuts or projections, as well as the importance of a thorough examination and developing a treatment plan with the patient.
PGx Analysis in VarSeq: A User’s PerspectiveGolden Helix
Since our release of the PGx capabilities in VarSeq, we’ve had a few months to gather some insights from various use cases. Some users approach PGx workflows by means of array genotyping or what seems to be a growing trend of adding the star allele calling to the existing NGS pipeline for whole genome data. Luckily, both approaches are supported with the VarSeq software platform. The genotyping method being used will also dictate what the scope of the tertiary analysis will be. For example, are your PGx reports a standalone pipeline or would your lab’s goal be to handle a dual-purpose workflow and report on PGx + Diagnostic findings.
The purpose of this webcast is to:
Discuss and demonstrate the approaches with array and NGS genotyping methods for star allele calling to prep for downstream analysis.
Following genotyping, explore alternative tertiary workflow concepts in VarSeq to handle PGx reporting.
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2. CHAPTER OUTLINE
informed consent
premedication with antibiotics
anti-anxiety regimen
pain medication
tooth isolation
dental dam components
dental dam placement techniques
Isolation of Teeth with Inadequate Coronal Structure
disinfection of the operating field
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3. INFORMED CONSENT
o Endodontic treatment, like all dental treatment, must be preceded by informed consent. The dentist
must thoroughly explain the proposed treatment, the benefits, the risks, and alternative treatments,
including the option of no treatment at all.
o Informed consent is a legal concept developed via case law and is enforceable through judicial
actions.
o The prudent clinician will be careful to “inform before he or she performs.”
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4. PREMEDICATION WITH ANTIBIOTICS
The AHA now recommends that prophylactic antibiotics be limited to only those patients with high
risk of developing IE, such as patients with the following conditions:
• Prosthetic cardiac valve or prosthetic material used for cardiac valve repair
• A history of IE
• A cardiac transplant that develops cardiac valvulopathy
• Unrepaired cyanotic congenital heart disease, including palliative shunts and conduits
• A completely repaired congenital heart defect with prosthetic material or device, whether placed by
surgery or by catheter intervention, during the first 6 months after the procedure
• Any repaired congenital heart defect with residual defect at the site or adjacent to the site of a
prosthetic patch or a prosthetic device (that inhibits endothelialization)
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5. The standard antibiotic regimen for all dental procedures is currently amoxicillin since it is better
absorbed by the gastrointestinal tract and maintains a higher serum level than penicillin.
For patients at high risk of developing IE, it is recommended that the patient take prophylactic
antibiotics 1 h prior to dental treatment. This allows the antibiotics to reach adequate levels in the
blood stream.
If the patient forgets to take the prophylactic dose, the recommended dosage may be administered
up to 2 h after the procedure.
PREMEDICATION WITH ANTIBIOTICS
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7. ANTI-ANXIETY REGIMEN
Patients presenting for endodontic treatment are often anxious about the procedure. There is often
an unrealistic assumption that the procedure will be painful.
Such misinformation can result in making it difficult for the patient to be relaxed during treatment.
Although a majority of patients are able to control their fear, some fail to do so.
Clinicians should attempt to fully explain the dental procedures prior to treatment and discuss
possible minor discomforts during or after the treatment. Explanation of the treatment steps before
initiating the procedure has been shown to reduce the patient’s anxiety level.
In cases where patient’s fear cannot be controlled, antianxiety protocol ranging from nitrous oxide
to conscious sedation can be administered.
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8. PAIN MEDICATION
It can be challenging to completely anesthetize patients presenting for endodontic treatment with
inflamed pulp or periapical tissue.
The low pH environment resulting from the inflamed pulp or periapical tissue may affect the
efficiency of local anesthetics and result in anesthetic failure.
Prescribing low dose of oral ketamine (10 mg) before endodontic treatment has been shown to
enhance the effect of inferior alveolar nerve block in treatment of mandibular molars with
irreversible pulpitis.
Other studies have shown that preoperative administration of ibuprofen or other non steroidal anti
inflammatory drugs (NSAID) 1 h prior to the local anesthesia injection is an effective method for
achieving a profound anesthesia during endodontic treatment in teeth with inflamed pulp tissue.
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9. Postoperative pain may be anticipated following endodontic therapy.
Irritation of the periapical area may be expected due to extrusion of debris, irrigation, and root
filling material during treatment.
Studies have shown that prophylactic administration of pain medication may reduce postoperative
pain.
Although postoperative pain may be mild or even absent following endodontic therapy, clinicians
often prescribe prophylactic pain medication to avoid possible moderate or severe pain after
endodontic treatment
PAIN MEDICATION
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10. TOOTH ISOLATION
Dental dam isolation has been used for over 150 years, developed by Dr. Stanford C. Barnum in 1864.
Dental dam isolation is the optimal method of endodontic isolation.
Numerous advantages include:
• Protection of the patient from swallowing or aspiration of endodontic instruments, irrigants or medicaments.
• Creation of an aseptic operating field and elimination of salivary contamination of the root canal system and
instruments.
• Reduction in the microbial content of air turbine aerosols produced during dental procedures and thus a
reduction of cross-contamination risk in the dental practice.
• Creation of a more efficient and favorable working environment by minimizing rinsing and patient
conversations.
• Improved visibility by providing a dry field and minimizing mirror fogging.
• Retraction and protection of the tongue, lip and other soft tissues. 14/4/2021 10
11. Although it may be inconvenient for a clinician to use with certain patients (mouth breathers,
patients with exaggerated gag reflex, severely anxious patients), inconvenience is not an
acceptable excuse for avoiding dental dam placement.
Root canal treatment without dental dam isolation may place doctors under litigation risks if the
patient swallows or aspirates an endodontic instrument.
TOOTH ISOLATION
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12. A, Swallowed endodontic file ended up in the appendix resulting in acute appendicitis. B, Specimen
shows file in the appendix removed by appendectomy. Use of dental dam would have prevented this
complication. C, Dental burs can sometimes disengage from headpieces and be swallowed, as shown
here. This is also preventable with dental dam. 14/4/2021 12
13. In some clinical situations (calcified pulp chambers, calcified canals, crowned teeth), locating the
canal(s) is challenging and may require orientation of the external root surface using a periodontal
probe.
In such cases, and depending on the tooth location, placement of dental dam can be delayed
until canals are located to avoid excessive damage to the remaining tooth structure or possible root
perforation and its consequent complications. Once the canals are located, the dental dam should
be placed immediately.
No endodontic file should be inserted into a canal without dental dam isolation
TOOTH ISOLATION
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14. Dental Dam Components
The dental dam system consists of three main components:
• dental dam sheet
• dental dam Frame
• clamp
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15. Dental dam sheet
The dental dam sheets are autoclavable and come in
• different thicknesses (thin,medium, heavy, extra heavy, and special heavy),
• colors (ranging from light yellow to gray),
• sizes (5 x 5 and 6 x 6 in) and
• materials (latex and nonlatex).
The commonly used dental dam sheet in endodontics is the medium thickness due to its higher
resistance to tear compared to the thin sheets and its easier manipulation compared to the heavier
variants.
The sheet also comes in a nonlatex form for patients with latex allergy.
• The nonlatex dental dam, however, comes in only one size- 6” × 6”, and one thickness—medium.
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16. Dental dam frame
The function of the dental dam frame is to retract the sheet during
procedures and to allow visibility and access to the tooth.
Frames are available in either metal or plastic.
Although metal frames are more durable, they require removal before
taking radiographs.
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17. Clamp
The function of the clamp is to retain the dental dam and frame on to the target tooth.
In case of multiple tooth isolation, the clamp is always placed on the most posterior tooth to be
isolated.
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18. Image of a Hu-Friedy tiger clamp.
1. Central wing;
2. anterior wing;
3. bow;
4. beaks;
5.tines;
6. Forceps hole;
7. anterior notch;
8. posterior notch.
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19. types
Different styles and shapes of rubber dam clamps are available for
specific situations. The following selection is recommended:
• anterior teeth: Ivory No. 9 or 212
• premolars: No. 0 and 2
• molars: No. 14, 14A, 56, and 205.
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20. Universal Clamp Designs
Two designs, the “butterfly” Ivory No. 9 and the Ivory No. 56, are suitable for most isolations.
The butterfly design (No. 9) has small beaks, is deep reaching, and can be applied to most
anterior and premolar teeth.
The No. 56 clamp can isolate most molars.
With teeth that are smaller, reduced by crown preparation, or abnormally shaped, a clamp with
smaller radius beaks (No. 0, 9,or 14) is necessary.
Small-radius beaks can be positioned farther apically on the root, which stretches the dam
cervically in the interproximal space.
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22. Single-Unit Method
A hole is punched in the dam, and the sheet is then stretched
medium tight by attaching it at the four corners of the frame.
The central wings of the clamp are inserted, one at a time,
through the hole, and the entire system is carried as a unit
to the patient’s mouth using the forceps. The clamp is placed
on the target tooth, and the dam is released from the wings
of the clamp with a plastic instrument.
This is a relatively safe method because the clamp is secured to the
dental dam.
It is convenient in the case of anterior teeth and premolars,
and it is more challenging in the case of molars and
teeth with structural compromise due to reduced visibility.
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23. Clamp-First Insertion Method
The clamp is first placed on the tooth. The punched dental dam, mounted loosely onto the four
corners of the frame, is then brought to the mouth, and the hole is stretched over the clamp. Floss
is used to carry the margins of the dam through the proximal contacts to completely cuff the tooth.
The dam is then stretched more fully onto the frame.
This is one of the least complicated placement methods because the target tooth is
most easily visualized during clamp placement.
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24. Multiple Isolation of Proximate Teeth Method
When root canal treatment is performed on multiple teeth that are proximate to each other, or when a tooth
cannot retain a clamp due to insufficient structure, multiple holes can be placed in the dental dam to allow
treatment of the
target tooth/teeth.
In the case of a single target tooth unable to retain a clamp, the clamp is placed on a tooth distal to the target
tooth.
In the case of multiple teeth to be treated, the clamp is placed on the most posterior target tooth if it canretain a
clamp.
If this tooth is excessively compromised, the clamp should be placed on a more posterior tooth capable of
retaining a clamp. The most distal hole is then stretched over the clamp, and the remaining holes are drawn
over each additional tooth to be exposed for the procedure.
It can be helpful in certain cases to place a second clamp on the most anterior tooth to be exposed with the
bow facing mesially.
Ligation with dental floss may enhance isolation where necessary.
In multiple tooth isolation of anterior teeth,clamps placed on teeth on opposite sides of the midline will
be oriented normally, with bows facing distally.
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25. 14/4/2021 25
Multiple tooth isolation for the treatment
of a maxillary first molar.
Multiple tooth isolation for treatment of a maxillary
second premolar using clamps on the maxillary first
and second molars and maxillary first premolar.
Multiple tooth isolation for treatment of maxillary
central incisors using clamps on canines.
26. Multiple Isolation of Distant Teeth Method
When root canal treatment is performed on multiple
teeth that lie in different quadrants yet in the same arch
(maxillary or mandibular), a clamp may be placed on
each tooth to be treated, and two holes can be punched
on either side of the dam allowing simultaneous
treatment of both teeth.
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27. Split Dam Method
The split dam method has many practical applications. It is
yet another useful isolation method when the target tooth
cannot accommodate a clamp due to insufficient structure.
Two holes are punched in the dam separated by several
millimeters depending on the clinical circumstance. The material
between the holes is snipped with a pair of iris scissors
creating the split dam. The clamp is placed on a more distal
tooth and the sheet is then placed over the clamp and stretched
to include the target tooth and at least the next anterior tooth.
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28. The split dam method is also effective when treating teeth
with calcified canals as it allows exposure of the external
contours of the target tooth, providing orientation during
deep exploration for the canal remnant.
Additionally, the split dam can be a good choice when the
target tooth has been restored with a porcelain crown as
studies have shown that,even when properly stabilized,
clamps can damage porcelain fused to metal crowns.
When root canal treatment is performed on two distant
teeth connected by a bridge, the split method can result
in a
large gap that may compromise isolation. In such cases,
the
margins of the split dam can be approximated from the
lingual/palatal to the buccal/labial using suture material,
piercing the sheet and passing under the bridge to be
tied off on the facial. Any remaining exposed tissue can
be blocked out using Oraseal or Liquiddam.
Split Dam Method
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30. Ligation, the use of deep-reaching clamps, bonding, or building up before access are the major
methods of isolating teeth without adequate coronal tooth structure.
Surgical management may also be required.
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31. Ligation
Inadequate coronal structure is not always the cause of lack of retention.
In young patients the tooth may not have erupted sufficiently to make the cervical area available for
clamp retention. In these cases, ligation with floss or the use of interproximal rubber Wedge is
indicated. Another approach is multiple tooth isolation.
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32. Deep-Reaching Clamps
When the loss of tooth structure extends below the gingival tissues but there is adequate structure
above the crestal bone, a deep reaching clamp is indicated. It may be necessary to use a caulking
material or resin around the clamp to provide an adequate seal.
Another option is the use of an anterior retainer regardless of the tooth type.
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33. Bonding
When there is missing tooth structure, including the natural height of contour, retention can be
increased by bonding resin on the facial and lingual surfaces of the remaining tooth structure.
The clamp is placed apical to the resin undercut. After treatment the resin is easily removed.
This technique is preferred over the more invasive technique of cutting horizontal grooves in the
facial and lingual surfaces for the prongs of the clamp.
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34. Tissue Management Procedures
Large carious lesions or resorptive defects can lead to gingival tissue proliferation into the access
cavity, impeding dental dam isolation.
Methods for removal of this tissue include resection via scalpel, rotary instruments, laser, or
electrosurgery if the remaining tooth structure lies above the bone.
Electrosurgery allows clean removal of the gingival tissue combined with controlled hemostasis,
simplifying subsequent isolation. Caution should be exercised when using electrosurgery, as it can
lead to heat necrosis of the surrounding bone.
Soft tissue laser is another method for removal of excessive gingival tissue with minimal resultant
hemorrhage.
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36. rapid extrusion methods can facilitate clamp placement by repositioning structurally compromised
teeth more favorably,coronal to the alveolar crestal bone.
The treatment concept requires moving the tooth rapidly to minimize concomitant coronal migration
of the supporting periodontium.
Following the forced extrusion procedure, a stabilization period allows attachment fibers to
accommodate the new coronal location.
Coronal repositioning can be achieved either orthodontically or surgically.
unlike conventional orthodontic movement, rapid orthodontic extrusion involves forces greater than
50 grams.
Rapid Root Extrusion
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38. Immediate Surgical Extrusion
Endodontic treatment demands adequate isolation during treatment and prosthetic rehabilitation
demands adequate healthy tooth structure in harmony with the contiguous periodontal soft and
hard tissues.
In order to reestablish biologic width and an adequate ferrule, various corrective procedures
utilized are clinical crown lengthening, orthodontic extrusion, or the forgotten modality of immediate
surgical extrusion.
Clinical crown lengthening has the limitation of potentially causing collateral damage by removing
healthy bone support on adjacent teeth and its effect on esthetics in the anterior region can be
detrimental whereas orthodontic extrusion is time dependent, relying on patient compliance and
sometimes the need for additional remedial crown lengthening therapy consequent to mobilization
of the tooth.
Immediate surgical extrusion is the intentional and controlled luxation of the root coronally with the
objective of stabilizing the root in a favorable restorative position.
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39. Surgical Crown Lengthening
The crown length is defined as the distance between the gingival margin and the most
incisal/cuspal aspect of a tooth.
Crown lengthening surgery is a procedure intended to increase this distance.
1—2 mm of healthy tooth structure apical to a build-up is required for the ferrule effect. Additionally,
a dimension of about 2 mm of biologic width is necessary to accommodate the connective tissue
fibers and junctional epithelium.
Adding both the ferrule effect dimension and the biologic width dimension, it can be concluded that
exposure of 3–4 mm of sound tooth structure coronally to bone is necessary for a successful crown
lengthening procedure.
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40. The procedure entails tissue resection by design and therefore is contraindicated if the esthetics
will be compromised.
An alternative to surgical crown lengthening in the esthetic zone is orthodontic extrusion that does
not The surgery reduces the bony support and should not be performed on mobile teeth.
Surgical Crown Lengthening
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42. Temporary Restorations
When there is missing tooth structure but adequate retention, missing structure can be restored
with reinforced intermediate restorative material (IRM) containing zinc oxide–eugenol, glass
ionomers, or resins.
These materials provide an adequate coronal seal and are stable until the definitive restoration is
placed.
Bonded materials provide a better seal with improved strength and esthetics.
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43. Band Placement
Placement of orthodontic bands may be indicated in cases of cracked or fractured teeth to provide
protection and support until a definitive restoration can be placed.
The bands are available in various sizes and are appropriately contoured.
A band can be cemented, and the missing tooth structure replaced with IRM.
During the placement procedure, it is important to protect the canals and pulp chamber.
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44. Provisional Crowns
Placement of temporary crowns is an option; however, they reduce visibility, result in the loss of
anatomic landmarks, and may change the orientation for access and canal location.
Often temporary crowns are displaced during treatment by the rubber dam clamp. In general, when
provisional crowns are placed, they should be removed before endodontic treatment to provide the
correct orientation and maintain the remaining tooth structure.
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45. Rubber Dam Leakage
Several proprietary products are available for placement around the rubber dam at the tooth–dam
interface should leakage occur.
These are caulklike materials, putty, or light-cured resins; they are easily applied and removed after
treatment and are especially useful for isolation of an abutment for a fixed partial denture or for a
tooth that is undergoing active orthodontic treatment.
The material can be placed on the gingival tissues at the dam–tooth interface after isolation.
The caulking and putty materials adhere to wet surfaces, although the putty has a stiffer
consistency.
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46. Disinfection of the Operating Field
Various methods and techniques are used to disinfect the tooth,clamp, and surrounding rubber
dam after placement.
These disinfectants include alcohol, quaternary ammonium compounds,sodium hypochlorite,
organic iodine, mercuric salts, chlorhexidine, and hydrogen peroxide.
An effective technique is as follows:
1. plaque is removed by rubber cup and pumice;
2. the rubber dam is placed;
3. the tooth surface, clamp, and surrounding rubber dam are scrubbed with 30% hydrogen peroxide;
and
4. the surfaces are swabbed with 5% tincture of iodine or with sodium hypochlorite
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47. Reference
Ingle s endodontics- Ilan Rotstein, John I. Ingle. 7th Edition, Chapter 19.
Endodontics principles and practice- M. Torabinejad, Ashraf F. Fouad. 6th Edition, Chaper 13.
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