Sarah Berry, Nicola Segata, Jose Ordovas and Tim Spector reveal novel findings from the world's largest ongoing nutrition study, PREDICT. The presentation shares learnings on how we metabolize food, the importance of food sequencing and combining, the gut microbiome and inflammation. These findings are some of the most cutting edge in the field of nutrition science, highlighting the need for precision nutrition. Learn more at www.joinzoe.com/science
Overview of the Health Benefits of Vitamin C by Prof Margreet VissersKiwifruit Symposium
Prof Margreet Vissers, Research Professor at University of Otago, New Zealand: http://www.kiwifruitsymposium.org/presentations/overview-of-the-many-health-benefits-of-vitamin-c/
Presented at 1st International Symposium on Kiwifruit and Health.
Vitamin C is essential for life, and humans obtain this nutrient exclusively through the diet. It functions inside the cells in our bodies, where it plays an important role in supporting many essential processes. One kiwifruit a day gives the daily requirement of vitamin C.
Ellen Kamhi PhD RN, Research validation of the Role of Intestinal Permeability in the Inflammatory Process, also called LEAKY GUT SYNDROME, along with Studies on the use of Natural Therapies for this condition
Overview of the Health Benefits of Vitamin C by Prof Margreet VissersKiwifruit Symposium
Prof Margreet Vissers, Research Professor at University of Otago, New Zealand: http://www.kiwifruitsymposium.org/presentations/overview-of-the-many-health-benefits-of-vitamin-c/
Presented at 1st International Symposium on Kiwifruit and Health.
Vitamin C is essential for life, and humans obtain this nutrient exclusively through the diet. It functions inside the cells in our bodies, where it plays an important role in supporting many essential processes. One kiwifruit a day gives the daily requirement of vitamin C.
Ellen Kamhi PhD RN, Research validation of the Role of Intestinal Permeability in the Inflammatory Process, also called LEAKY GUT SYNDROME, along with Studies on the use of Natural Therapies for this condition
From Pregnancy to Menopause: Studies of Physical Activity, Behavior, and Ener...InsideScientific
Join Sharon Ladyman, PhD and Vicki Vieira-Potter, PhD as they present applications of rodent metabolic phenotyping with a focus on the effects of hormones and pregnancy on daily activity in mice.
A reduction in voluntary physical activity during pregnancy in mice is mediated by prolactin
Sharon Ladyman, PhD
Pregnancy is an energetically demanding challenge for the mother and as such, pregnant females undergo numerous metabolic adaptations to meet these demands, including increased food intake and a rapid lowering of energy expenditure and physical activity levels. A particularly striking example is a profound reduction in voluntary running wheel activity (RWA) that occurs as soon as mice become pregnant. We hypothesized that prolactin, one of the first hormones to increase in response to mating in rodents, drives the pregnancy-induced suppression of physical activity levels.
Neuronal and Metabolic Pathways Influenced by Sex Hormones
Vicki Vieira-Potter, PhD
Estrogen-sufficient females are more physically active than males and are protected against adipose tissue and systemic metabolic dysfunction. The mechanisms are not fully understood, but we demonstrate that ovarian removal causes significant mRNA changes in the nucleus accumbens (NAc) brain region (i.e., the reward center), which correlate significantly with physical inactivity. We hypothesize that sex differences in the NAc may help explain differences in physical activity and metabolism.
The capacity of a single food, such as yogurt, to influence diet quality and metabolic health depends on its composition and its potential to modify the rest of food consumption. Prof Angelo Tremblay presented recent data, during our 4th Yogurt Summit at EB2016, showing that regular yogurt consumption can be a signature of a global healthy lifestyle.
Health and Immune Function Benefits of Kiwifruit Derived Vitamin C by Dr Anit...Kiwifruit Symposium
Dr Anitra Carr, Researcher at University of Otago, New Zealand, presentation at 1st International Symposium on Kiwifruit and Health: http://www.kiwifruitsymposium.org/presentations/health-and-immune-function-benefits-of-kiwifruit-derived-vitamin-c/
Vitamin C is an essential micronutrient. Unlike most animals, we have lost the ability to synthesise our own vitamin C and must therefore obtain it from our diet. Fresh fruit and vegetables are the best source of vitamin C, and regular and adequate daily intake of vitamin C is required to prevent marginal vitamin C status (hypovitaminosis C) and the potentially fatal deficiency disease scurvy. Kiwifruit are an outstanding source of vitamin C with one kiwifruit providing twice the Recommended Dietary Intake (RDI) of vitamin C.
Musculoskeletal Complications of Cancer and its TreatmentsInsideScientific
Cancer frequently associates with the occurrence of cachexia, a debilitating syndrome responsible for reduced tolerance to anticancer therapies, as well as increased morbidity and mortality. Dr. Bonetto's group reported that animals bearing cancers not only show reduced skeletal muscle mass and strength, but also dramatic bone loss, despite the absence of bone metastases. Their latest findings revealed that muscle and bone depletion may also occur as a direct consequence of anticancer treatments (i.e., chemotherapy). There is now substantial agreement on the fact that abnormalities of the so-called ‘muscle-bone crosstalk’ may contribute to the onset of cachexia secondary to cancer or chemotherapy. Clinical and experimental observations also suggest that pharmacological bone preservation may concurrently benefit muscle mass in animal models, burn patients and osteoporotic women.
In this webinar Dr. Bonetto will present evidence that bone preservation directly impacts muscle size and function in cachexia, thus also contributing to unraveling novel pathogenetic mechanisms and opening new avenues for treatment.
Ketogenic Diet Plus Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy in Treating Cancer Dominic D'Agostino
A University of South Florida (USF) associate professor, Dominic D’Agostino, PhD, maintains a research focus on metabolic therapies for epilepsy, seizures, brain cancer, and other conditions. Dr. Dominic D’Agostino’s present focus is on the ketogenic diet and ketone esters, and their neuroprotective and anticonvulsant effects.
Grape Seed Extract : A potential Cancer suppressing agent sudharani028
Natural Polyphenol "Resveratrol" present predominantly in the grape seed plays an very important role in the treatment of devastating disorder Cancer (diseases involving abnormal and uncontrolled growth of cell with the potential to spread to other parts of the body)
the new emerging field of science that is nutrigenomics can deal with the issues of health and improve out health with the simple tools by understanding the risk and the baic genome of a person
Recent research suggests that a variety of lifestyle - especially dietary - changes influencing the integrity of gastrointestinal function may be driving at least some portion of the increased prevalence of illnesses of civilization, including neuropsychiatric problems, such as autism, attention-deficit-hyperactivity disorder, major depression, obsessive-compulsive disorder and Alzheimer disease. One area of interest involves the relationship between the gut's microbiome (as well as the related functional integrity of the gastrointestinal tract) and mental health.
Modulating Oncometabolic Syndrome: Integrative Diet & Nutrition to Complement...Jeanne M Wallace PhD
Presentation by Jeanne M. Wallace, PhD, CNC, at CMBM's Food as Medicine conference, Indianapolis 2013. Oncometabolic Syndrome is a cluster of metabolic factors that influence the growth and progression of cancer. Standard lab testing can be used to assess nutritional factors that may influence cancer outcomes, tailor a protocol to an individual's unique needs, and evaluate the efficacy of the nutrition intervention in modulating these factors.
Radiation Therapy: Nutritional Strategies to Improve OutcomesJeanne M Wallace PhD
Presentation by Jeanne M. Wallace, PhD, CNC, at "Integrative Cancer Medicine: Clinical Applications of Cancer Strategies" conference April 26-29, 2013, Scottsdale AZ. Explore the mechanisms of tumor resistance to radiation therapy. Review diet, lifestyle, nutritional and botanical strategies for bolstering therapeutic efficacy. Employ selective radioprotectors to lessen injury to healthy tissues. Take into consideration the unfavorable consequences of radiotherapy, which can potentially increase the oncogenic potential of surviving tumor cells, and develop a plan for blocking these pathways. Cases will be presented from 15 yrs experience of the Nutritional Solutions team in counseling clients undergoing radiation therapy for Glioblastoma multiforme brain tumors, colorectal, head-and-neck, breast and gynecologic cancers.
Ayuno intermitente en la salud, envejecimiento y enfermedad.Nicolas Ugarte
Articulo muy interesante de ayuno intermitente.
Estudios preclínicos y ensayos clínicos han demostrado que el ayuno intermitente tiene beneficios de amplio espectro para muchas afecciones de salud, como obesidad, diabetes mellitus, enfermedades cardiovasculares, cánceres y trastornos neurológicos.
The Best Dietetic Principles To Life Extensionswissestetix
Das ist ein Vortrag, den Dr. Clarence P. Davis im Jahre 2007 im Rahmen eines Anti-Aging Kongresses in Paris gehalten hat.
Er beinhaltet theoretisches Basis- und Hintergrundswissen zu den verschiedenen Diaettypen, sowie einige praktische Beispiele aus dem aerztlichen Alltag.
Der Vortrag ist auf Englisch und einem hohen Niveau. Er richtet sich ausschliesslich an professionelle Leser mit fundierten Vorkenntnissen.
Harnessing the Power of Nutrition to Complement Brain Tumor CareJeanne M Wallace PhD
Presentation by Jeanne M. Wallace, PhD, CNC, at the 1st Annual Brains Matter conference (Sept 2012 in Seattle), sponsored by the Chris Elliott Foundation. Learn how nutrition can play a powerful role to influence the terrain (environment) surrounding cancer cells. Discover foods that can "talk" to your genes, suppressing oncogenes and turning on tumor suppressor genes. Explore simple diet and lifestyle changes you can make to nourish your wellness when facing a brain tumor diagnosis.
Dr Carlene Starck, Postdoctoral Research Fellow at Riddet Institute, New Zealand: http://www.kiwifruitsymposium.org/presentations/kiwifruit-and-digestive-comfort-in-vitro-and-in-vivo-supporting-evidence/
Presentation at the 1st International Symposium on Kiwifruit and Health.
Kiwifruit (Actinidia deliciosa) hosts a number of beneficial properties for gut health. In addition to its high fibre content, water holding capacity and levels of the vitamins C and E, its consumption has been reported to provide relief of symptoms of gastrointestinal discomfort.
From Pregnancy to Menopause: Studies of Physical Activity, Behavior, and Ener...InsideScientific
Join Sharon Ladyman, PhD and Vicki Vieira-Potter, PhD as they present applications of rodent metabolic phenotyping with a focus on the effects of hormones and pregnancy on daily activity in mice.
A reduction in voluntary physical activity during pregnancy in mice is mediated by prolactin
Sharon Ladyman, PhD
Pregnancy is an energetically demanding challenge for the mother and as such, pregnant females undergo numerous metabolic adaptations to meet these demands, including increased food intake and a rapid lowering of energy expenditure and physical activity levels. A particularly striking example is a profound reduction in voluntary running wheel activity (RWA) that occurs as soon as mice become pregnant. We hypothesized that prolactin, one of the first hormones to increase in response to mating in rodents, drives the pregnancy-induced suppression of physical activity levels.
Neuronal and Metabolic Pathways Influenced by Sex Hormones
Vicki Vieira-Potter, PhD
Estrogen-sufficient females are more physically active than males and are protected against adipose tissue and systemic metabolic dysfunction. The mechanisms are not fully understood, but we demonstrate that ovarian removal causes significant mRNA changes in the nucleus accumbens (NAc) brain region (i.e., the reward center), which correlate significantly with physical inactivity. We hypothesize that sex differences in the NAc may help explain differences in physical activity and metabolism.
The capacity of a single food, such as yogurt, to influence diet quality and metabolic health depends on its composition and its potential to modify the rest of food consumption. Prof Angelo Tremblay presented recent data, during our 4th Yogurt Summit at EB2016, showing that regular yogurt consumption can be a signature of a global healthy lifestyle.
Health and Immune Function Benefits of Kiwifruit Derived Vitamin C by Dr Anit...Kiwifruit Symposium
Dr Anitra Carr, Researcher at University of Otago, New Zealand, presentation at 1st International Symposium on Kiwifruit and Health: http://www.kiwifruitsymposium.org/presentations/health-and-immune-function-benefits-of-kiwifruit-derived-vitamin-c/
Vitamin C is an essential micronutrient. Unlike most animals, we have lost the ability to synthesise our own vitamin C and must therefore obtain it from our diet. Fresh fruit and vegetables are the best source of vitamin C, and regular and adequate daily intake of vitamin C is required to prevent marginal vitamin C status (hypovitaminosis C) and the potentially fatal deficiency disease scurvy. Kiwifruit are an outstanding source of vitamin C with one kiwifruit providing twice the Recommended Dietary Intake (RDI) of vitamin C.
Musculoskeletal Complications of Cancer and its TreatmentsInsideScientific
Cancer frequently associates with the occurrence of cachexia, a debilitating syndrome responsible for reduced tolerance to anticancer therapies, as well as increased morbidity and mortality. Dr. Bonetto's group reported that animals bearing cancers not only show reduced skeletal muscle mass and strength, but also dramatic bone loss, despite the absence of bone metastases. Their latest findings revealed that muscle and bone depletion may also occur as a direct consequence of anticancer treatments (i.e., chemotherapy). There is now substantial agreement on the fact that abnormalities of the so-called ‘muscle-bone crosstalk’ may contribute to the onset of cachexia secondary to cancer or chemotherapy. Clinical and experimental observations also suggest that pharmacological bone preservation may concurrently benefit muscle mass in animal models, burn patients and osteoporotic women.
In this webinar Dr. Bonetto will present evidence that bone preservation directly impacts muscle size and function in cachexia, thus also contributing to unraveling novel pathogenetic mechanisms and opening new avenues for treatment.
Ketogenic Diet Plus Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy in Treating Cancer Dominic D'Agostino
A University of South Florida (USF) associate professor, Dominic D’Agostino, PhD, maintains a research focus on metabolic therapies for epilepsy, seizures, brain cancer, and other conditions. Dr. Dominic D’Agostino’s present focus is on the ketogenic diet and ketone esters, and their neuroprotective and anticonvulsant effects.
Grape Seed Extract : A potential Cancer suppressing agent sudharani028
Natural Polyphenol "Resveratrol" present predominantly in the grape seed plays an very important role in the treatment of devastating disorder Cancer (diseases involving abnormal and uncontrolled growth of cell with the potential to spread to other parts of the body)
the new emerging field of science that is nutrigenomics can deal with the issues of health and improve out health with the simple tools by understanding the risk and the baic genome of a person
Recent research suggests that a variety of lifestyle - especially dietary - changes influencing the integrity of gastrointestinal function may be driving at least some portion of the increased prevalence of illnesses of civilization, including neuropsychiatric problems, such as autism, attention-deficit-hyperactivity disorder, major depression, obsessive-compulsive disorder and Alzheimer disease. One area of interest involves the relationship between the gut's microbiome (as well as the related functional integrity of the gastrointestinal tract) and mental health.
Modulating Oncometabolic Syndrome: Integrative Diet & Nutrition to Complement...Jeanne M Wallace PhD
Presentation by Jeanne M. Wallace, PhD, CNC, at CMBM's Food as Medicine conference, Indianapolis 2013. Oncometabolic Syndrome is a cluster of metabolic factors that influence the growth and progression of cancer. Standard lab testing can be used to assess nutritional factors that may influence cancer outcomes, tailor a protocol to an individual's unique needs, and evaluate the efficacy of the nutrition intervention in modulating these factors.
Radiation Therapy: Nutritional Strategies to Improve OutcomesJeanne M Wallace PhD
Presentation by Jeanne M. Wallace, PhD, CNC, at "Integrative Cancer Medicine: Clinical Applications of Cancer Strategies" conference April 26-29, 2013, Scottsdale AZ. Explore the mechanisms of tumor resistance to radiation therapy. Review diet, lifestyle, nutritional and botanical strategies for bolstering therapeutic efficacy. Employ selective radioprotectors to lessen injury to healthy tissues. Take into consideration the unfavorable consequences of radiotherapy, which can potentially increase the oncogenic potential of surviving tumor cells, and develop a plan for blocking these pathways. Cases will be presented from 15 yrs experience of the Nutritional Solutions team in counseling clients undergoing radiation therapy for Glioblastoma multiforme brain tumors, colorectal, head-and-neck, breast and gynecologic cancers.
Ayuno intermitente en la salud, envejecimiento y enfermedad.Nicolas Ugarte
Articulo muy interesante de ayuno intermitente.
Estudios preclínicos y ensayos clínicos han demostrado que el ayuno intermitente tiene beneficios de amplio espectro para muchas afecciones de salud, como obesidad, diabetes mellitus, enfermedades cardiovasculares, cánceres y trastornos neurológicos.
The Best Dietetic Principles To Life Extensionswissestetix
Das ist ein Vortrag, den Dr. Clarence P. Davis im Jahre 2007 im Rahmen eines Anti-Aging Kongresses in Paris gehalten hat.
Er beinhaltet theoretisches Basis- und Hintergrundswissen zu den verschiedenen Diaettypen, sowie einige praktische Beispiele aus dem aerztlichen Alltag.
Der Vortrag ist auf Englisch und einem hohen Niveau. Er richtet sich ausschliesslich an professionelle Leser mit fundierten Vorkenntnissen.
Harnessing the Power of Nutrition to Complement Brain Tumor CareJeanne M Wallace PhD
Presentation by Jeanne M. Wallace, PhD, CNC, at the 1st Annual Brains Matter conference (Sept 2012 in Seattle), sponsored by the Chris Elliott Foundation. Learn how nutrition can play a powerful role to influence the terrain (environment) surrounding cancer cells. Discover foods that can "talk" to your genes, suppressing oncogenes and turning on tumor suppressor genes. Explore simple diet and lifestyle changes you can make to nourish your wellness when facing a brain tumor diagnosis.
Dr Carlene Starck, Postdoctoral Research Fellow at Riddet Institute, New Zealand: http://www.kiwifruitsymposium.org/presentations/kiwifruit-and-digestive-comfort-in-vitro-and-in-vivo-supporting-evidence/
Presentation at the 1st International Symposium on Kiwifruit and Health.
Kiwifruit (Actinidia deliciosa) hosts a number of beneficial properties for gut health. In addition to its high fibre content, water holding capacity and levels of the vitamins C and E, its consumption has been reported to provide relief of symptoms of gastrointestinal discomfort.
HXR 2016: Which Comes First: Overeating or Obesity? -Dr. David Ludwig, Boston...HxRefactored
The conventional approach to weight loss, based on the calorie balance model, offers the simple advice, “eat less and move more.” Unfortunately, few people can maintain weight loss over the long term through calorie restriction because the body fights back, with rising hunger and slowing metabolism. An alternative approach to treatment aims to target the underlying driver of weight gain – fat cells overstimulated to hoard too many calories – leading to weight loss with less struggle.
The worldwide explosion of obesity has resulted in an ever-increasing prevalence of type 2 diabetes. The importance of insulin resistance and β-cell dysfunction to the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes was debated for a long time; many thought that insulin resistance was the main abnormality in type 2 diabetes, and that inability to secrete insulin was a late manifestation. This notion is now challenged. This presentation deals with the important contributing factors in the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Shashikiran Umakanth made this presentation at the "First Endocrine Update Program” – ENDO EGYPT 2015, from 17-20 December 2015 in the Historic City of Luxor, Egypt. This endocrine update was organised by the Egyptian Association of Endocrinology , Diabetes and Atherosclerosis (EAEDA) in collaboration with the Endocrine Society, USA.
П. Сутерс "Проявления инсулинорезистентности и гликемический контроль в интен...rnw-aspen
Доклад с 15 Межрегиональной научно-практической конференции "Искусственное питание и инфузионная терапия больных в медицине критических состояний" 21-22 мая 2015 г
Ian Given's presentation from the Sustainable Food Trust's meeting: What role for grazing livestock in a world of climate change and diet-related disease?
Feasting or fasting in ICU? by Professor Marianne ChapmanSMACC Conference
Despite the publication of a number of studies over recent years looking at energy delivery and outcomes in the critically ill population we remain uncertain how best to determine optimal calorie delivery for our patients. The concept that energy delivery should match energy consumption is plausible and intellectually attractive bu Broadly speaking clinicians can be divided into 3 categories according to their approach on energy delivery to the critically ill. Some believe that optimal clinical outcomes are achieved by closely approximating energy consumption i.e. providing full calorie requirement, usually around 2000kcal/d for the standard sized adult. This position is supported by a number of observational studies, however, patients usually only receive about 60% of what they are prescribed. Some believe that attempting to provide full feeding exposes the patient to the risk of overfeeding and that ‘permissive’ underfeeding is safe and better tolerated in critically ill patients where gastrointestinal function is frequently deranged. Interestingly, recent data suggest that the patient group potentially most at risk of overfeeding are those who are malnourished at presentation. Finally, some believe that the amount of energy delivered during ICU stay has little impact on recovery. Only when the ICU stay becomes unusually prolonged may the amount of energy delivered become important. There is evidence to suggest that some nutrition should be given enterally from early in the ICU stay to provide gastrointestinal mucosal protection and improve subsequent gut function. In recent years there have been several randomised controlled trials addressing energy delivery but they have unfortunately given conflicting results. Furthermore, these studies have had a number of limitations including: being underpowered to show an effect on survival; open to bias because of being open-labelled; most have not delivered full energy requirements so the effect of this on outcomes remains uncertain. It is hoped that many of these issues will be addressed in the currently recruiting TARGET trial which will be completed next year.t, while energy delivery can be measured with indirect calorimetry, this is not a technique that lends itself to routine clinical care. Accurate measurement or calculation of day to day energy expenditure is not currently routinely possible. Delivery of nutrition is an important supportive activity in the ICU. Patients generally receive less than prescribed nutritional needs and there is no robust evidence as yet to suggest that this is deleterious to outcomes.
Nutrition in Cancer Prevention and TreatmentTim Crowe
This presentation will help you to understand the influence that dietary and lifestyle factors play in the prevention and causation of cancer. It outlines the important nutritional considerations for patients undergoing treatment for cancer and reviews procedures to improve patient safety by knowing the risks and benefits of antioxidant supplementation during cancer treatment
Do fructose-containing sugars lead to adverse health consequences? Results of...Corn Refiners Association
At Experimental Biology 2014, the Sponsored Satellite Program “Sugars and Health Controversies: What Does the Science Say?” held in conjunction with the American Society for Nutrition’s Scientific Sessions took place on Saturday, April 26, 2014.
Panelist John L Sievenpiper, MD, PhD, presented science about sugars and their associated health outcomes.
My recent introduction talk for the Nutrigenomics Masterclass 2011in Wageningen (The Netherlands):
How to use Nutrigenomics & molecular nutrition? From challenges to solutions
THERAPEUTIC EFFECT OF SOYA BEAN CHUNKS SUPPLEMENTION DURING HEMODIALYSISNeeleshkumar Maurya
The present study was conducted during the year 2016-17 on 30 ckd-5 patients on hemodialysis admitted in various medical wards of the MLB, Medical College, Jhansi (U.P.) India. The primary data were obtained from all CKD patients 30 days intervals and three times first time proper medication with hemodialysis therapy and second time same condition patients with additional dietary counseling. The data was collected in all the patients, thorough anthropometric measurement, dietary history and blood are collected for analysis of Hb, serum albumin, blood urea, cholesterol and cretonne. The Proper dietary counseling along with high biological protein (20 gm) given during hemodialysis superior the nutritional value of undernourished chronic kidney disease patient. About proper diet counseling of the patients showed significant statistical positive (<0.005) response in a various nutritional factor like BMI, MUAC, Serum Albumin, hemoglobin, total calorie intake while the only medication and dialysis therapy showed an undergoing undernourished in their nutritional value. The patients undergoing hemodialysis often develop protein-energy malnutrition which is related to mortality and morbidity rate increases. Special nutritional care is required for the dialysis patient to improve the net protein anabolism. The nutritional value of soya bean chunks in patients on HD requirements more attention providing one-to-one nutrition psychotherapy could be improvements in the patients. Key words : Dialysis, malnutrition, soybean chunks, high biological protein.
At the 7th World Congress of Diabetes Prevention and Its Complications, ISIC sponsored a session entitled, Good things in life: Can coffee help in diabetes prevention? Speakers at the conference session included Dr. Nathan Matusheski - Associate Principal Scientist, Mondelēz International.
See presentation for details
You can not change your genome but can influence how it is used by healthy food patterns and lifestyle. This talk focuses on the gut as a primary gatekeeper between foods, the microbiota and the immuno-metabolic system of the host. The underlying biology is complex but well regulated if the system is not chronically overloaded.
Prix Galien International 2024 Forum ProgramLevi Shapiro
June 20, 2024, Prix Galien International and Jerusalem Ethics Forum in ROME. Detailed agenda including panels:
- ADVANCES IN CARDIOLOGY: A NEW PARADIGM IS COMING
- WOMEN’S HEALTH: FERTILITY PRESERVATION
- WHAT’S NEW IN THE TREATMENT OF INFECTIOUS,
ONCOLOGICAL AND INFLAMMATORY SKIN DISEASES?
- ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND ETHICS
- GENE THERAPY
- BEYOND BORDERS: GLOBAL INITIATIVES FOR DEMOCRATIZING LIFE SCIENCE TECHNOLOGIES AND PROMOTING ACCESS TO HEALTHCARE
- ETHICAL CHALLENGES IN LIFE SCIENCES
- Prix Galien International Awards Ceremony
- Video recording of this lecture in English language: https://youtu.be/lK81BzxMqdo
- Video recording of this lecture in Arabic language: https://youtu.be/Ve4P0COk9OI
- Link to download the book free: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/nephrotube-nephrology-books.html
- Link to NephroTube website: www.NephroTube.com
- Link to NephroTube social media accounts: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/join-nephrotube-on-social-media.html
Tom Selleck Health: A Comprehensive Look at the Iconic Actor’s Wellness Journeygreendigital
Tom Selleck, an enduring figure in Hollywood. has captivated audiences for decades with his rugged charm, iconic moustache. and memorable roles in television and film. From his breakout role as Thomas Magnum in Magnum P.I. to his current portrayal of Frank Reagan in Blue Bloods. Selleck's career has spanned over 50 years. But beyond his professional achievements. fans have often been curious about Tom Selleck Health. especially as he has aged in the public eye.
Follow us on: Pinterest
Introduction
Many have been interested in Tom Selleck health. not only because of his enduring presence on screen but also because of the challenges. and lifestyle choices he has faced and made over the years. This article delves into the various aspects of Tom Selleck health. exploring his fitness regimen, diet, mental health. and the challenges he has encountered as he ages. We'll look at how he maintains his well-being. the health issues he has faced, and his approach to ageing .
Early Life and Career
Childhood and Athletic Beginnings
Tom Selleck was born on January 29, 1945, in Detroit, Michigan, and grew up in Sherman Oaks, California. From an early age, he was involved in sports, particularly basketball. which played a significant role in his physical development. His athletic pursuits continued into college. where he attended the University of Southern California (USC) on a basketball scholarship. This early involvement in sports laid a strong foundation for his physical health and disciplined lifestyle.
Transition to Acting
Selleck's transition from an athlete to an actor came with its physical demands. His first significant role in "Magnum P.I." required him to perform various stunts and maintain a fit appearance. This role, which he played from 1980 to 1988. necessitated a rigorous fitness routine to meet the show's demands. setting the stage for his long-term commitment to health and wellness.
Fitness Regimen
Workout Routine
Tom Selleck health and fitness regimen has evolved. adapting to his changing roles and age. During his "Magnum, P.I." days. Selleck's workouts were intense and focused on building and maintaining muscle mass. His routine included weightlifting, cardiovascular exercises. and specific training for the stunts he performed on the show.
Selleck adjusted his fitness routine as he aged to suit his body's needs. Today, his workouts focus on maintaining flexibility, strength, and cardiovascular health. He incorporates low-impact exercises such as swimming, walking, and light weightlifting. This balanced approach helps him stay fit without putting undue strain on his joints and muscles.
Importance of Flexibility and Mobility
In recent years, Selleck has emphasized the importance of flexibility and mobility in his fitness regimen. Understanding the natural decline in muscle mass and joint flexibility with age. he includes stretching and yoga in his routine. These practices help prevent injuries, improve posture, and maintain mobilit
Knee anatomy and clinical tests 2024.pdfvimalpl1234
This includes all relevant anatomy and clinical tests compiled from standard textbooks, Campbell,netter etc..It is comprehensive and best suited for orthopaedicians and orthopaedic residents.
Couples presenting to the infertility clinic- Do they really have infertility...Sujoy Dasgupta
Dr Sujoy Dasgupta presented the study on "Couples presenting to the infertility clinic- Do they really have infertility? – The unexplored stories of non-consummation" in the 13th Congress of the Asia Pacific Initiative on Reproduction (ASPIRE 2024) at Manila on 24 May, 2024.
These lecture slides, by Dr Sidra Arshad, offer a quick overview of physiological basis of a normal electrocardiogram.
Learning objectives:
1. Define an electrocardiogram (ECG) and electrocardiography
2. Describe how dipoles generated by the heart produce the waveforms of the ECG
3. Describe the components of a normal electrocardiogram of a typical bipolar leads (limb II)
4. Differentiate between intervals and segments
5. Enlist some common indications for obtaining an ECG
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 11, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 9, Human Physiology - From Cells to Systems, Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
3. Chapter 29, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
4. Electrocardiogram, StatPearls - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK549803/
5. ECG in Medical Practice by ABM Abdullah, 4th edition
6. ECG Basics, http://www.nataliescasebook.com/tag/e-c-g-basics
Title: Sense of Smell
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the primary categories of smells and the concept of odor blindness.
Explain the structure and location of the olfactory membrane and mucosa, including the types and roles of cells involved in olfaction.
Describe the pathway and mechanisms of olfactory signal transmission from the olfactory receptors to the brain.
Illustrate the biochemical cascade triggered by odorant binding to olfactory receptors, including the role of G-proteins and second messengers in generating an action potential.
Identify different types of olfactory disorders such as anosmia, hyposmia, hyperosmia, and dysosmia, including their potential causes.
Key Topics:
Olfactory Genes:
3% of the human genome accounts for olfactory genes.
400 genes for odorant receptors.
Olfactory Membrane:
Located in the superior part of the nasal cavity.
Medially: Folds downward along the superior septum.
Laterally: Folds over the superior turbinate and upper surface of the middle turbinate.
Total surface area: 5-10 square centimeters.
Olfactory Mucosa:
Olfactory Cells: Bipolar nerve cells derived from the CNS (100 million), with 4-25 olfactory cilia per cell.
Sustentacular Cells: Produce mucus and maintain ionic and molecular environment.
Basal Cells: Replace worn-out olfactory cells with an average lifespan of 1-2 months.
Bowman’s Gland: Secretes mucus.
Stimulation of Olfactory Cells:
Odorant dissolves in mucus and attaches to receptors on olfactory cilia.
Involves a cascade effect through G-proteins and second messengers, leading to depolarization and action potential generation in the olfactory nerve.
Quality of a Good Odorant:
Small (3-20 Carbon atoms), volatile, water-soluble, and lipid-soluble.
Facilitated by odorant-binding proteins in mucus.
Membrane Potential and Action Potential:
Resting membrane potential: -55mV.
Action potential frequency in the olfactory nerve increases with odorant strength.
Adaptation Towards the Sense of Smell:
Rapid adaptation within the first second, with further slow adaptation.
Psychological adaptation greater than receptor adaptation, involving feedback inhibition from the central nervous system.
Primary Sensations of Smell:
Camphoraceous, Musky, Floral, Pepperminty, Ethereal, Pungent, Putrid.
Odor Detection Threshold:
Examples: Hydrogen sulfide (0.0005 ppm), Methyl-mercaptan (0.002 ppm).
Some toxic substances are odorless at lethal concentrations.
Characteristics of Smell:
Odor blindness for single substances due to lack of appropriate receptor protein.
Behavioral and emotional influences of smell.
Transmission of Olfactory Signals:
From olfactory cells to glomeruli in the olfactory bulb, involving lateral inhibition.
Primitive, less old, and new olfactory systems with different path
micro teaching on communication m.sc nursing.pdfAnurag Sharma
Microteaching is a unique model of practice teaching. It is a viable instrument for the. desired change in the teaching behavior or the behavior potential which, in specified types of real. classroom situations, tends to facilitate the achievement of specified types of objectives.
NVBDCP.pptx Nation vector borne disease control programSapna Thakur
NVBDCP was launched in 2003-2004 . Vector-Borne Disease: Disease that results from an infection transmitted to humans and other animals by blood-feeding arthropods, such as mosquitoes, ticks, and fleas. Examples of vector-borne diseases include Dengue fever, West Nile Virus, Lyme disease, and malaria.
Recomendações da OMS sobre cuidados maternos e neonatais para uma experiência pós-natal positiva.
Em consonância com os ODS – Objetivos do Desenvolvimento Sustentável e a Estratégia Global para a Saúde das Mulheres, Crianças e Adolescentes, e aplicando uma abordagem baseada nos direitos humanos, os esforços de cuidados pós-natais devem expandir-se para além da cobertura e da simples sobrevivência, de modo a incluir cuidados de qualidade.
Estas diretrizes visam melhorar a qualidade dos cuidados pós-natais essenciais e de rotina prestados às mulheres e aos recém-nascidos, com o objetivo final de melhorar a saúde e o bem-estar materno e neonatal.
Uma “experiência pós-natal positiva” é um resultado importante para todas as mulheres que dão à luz e para os seus recém-nascidos, estabelecendo as bases para a melhoria da saúde e do bem-estar a curto e longo prazo. Uma experiência pós-natal positiva é definida como aquela em que as mulheres, pessoas que gestam, os recém-nascidos, os casais, os pais, os cuidadores e as famílias recebem informação consistente, garantia e apoio de profissionais de saúde motivados; e onde um sistema de saúde flexível e com recursos reconheça as necessidades das mulheres e dos bebês e respeite o seu contexto cultural.
Estas diretrizes consolidadas apresentam algumas recomendações novas e já bem fundamentadas sobre cuidados pós-natais de rotina para mulheres e neonatos que recebem cuidados no pós-parto em unidades de saúde ou na comunidade, independentemente dos recursos disponíveis.
É fornecido um conjunto abrangente de recomendações para cuidados durante o período puerperal, com ênfase nos cuidados essenciais que todas as mulheres e recém-nascidos devem receber, e com a devida atenção à qualidade dos cuidados; isto é, a entrega e a experiência do cuidado recebido. Estas diretrizes atualizam e ampliam as recomendações da OMS de 2014 sobre cuidados pós-natais da mãe e do recém-nascido e complementam as atuais diretrizes da OMS sobre a gestão de complicações pós-natais.
O estabelecimento da amamentação e o manejo das principais intercorrências é contemplada.
Recomendamos muito.
Vamos discutir essas recomendações no nosso curso de pós-graduação em Aleitamento no Instituto Ciclos.
Esta publicação só está disponível em inglês até o momento.
Prof. Marcus Renato de Carvalho
www.agostodourado.com
Report Back from SGO 2024: What’s the Latest in Cervical Cancer?bkling
Are you curious about what’s new in cervical cancer research or unsure what the findings mean? Join Dr. Emily Ko, a gynecologic oncologist at Penn Medicine, to learn about the latest updates from the Society of Gynecologic Oncology (SGO) 2024 Annual Meeting on Women’s Cancer. Dr. Ko will discuss what the research presented at the conference means for you and answer your questions about the new developments.
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Ve...kevinkariuki227
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Verified Chapters 1 - 19, Complete Newest Version.pdf
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Verified Chapters 1 - 19, Complete Newest Version.pdf
2. Speakers
Tim Spector, Ph.D
Professor of Genetic Epidemiology
King’s College London, UK
Sarah Berry, Ph.D
Senior Lecturer, Department
of Nutritional Sciences
Nicola Segata, Ph.D
Associate Professor,
Computational Metagenomics
Jose Ordovas, Ph.D
Director and Senior Scientist,
Nutrition and Genomics Lab
2
3. The PREDICT Programme
Tim Spector, Ph.D
Professor of Genetic Epidemiology
King’s College London, UK
3
4. Largest ongoing program to measure
postprandial responses to food in nutritional science
Nutrition
academia
Tech
companies
4Tim Spector King’s College London, UK
5. Jun 2018 - May 2019 Jan 2019 - May 2019
n=1,100
PREDICT - Carbs
n=100
Healthy
60% TwinsUK
Healthy Compliant
individuals from
PREDICT 1
Postprandial
responses
Meal order
Time of day
Clinic & Home
(UK/US)
Home (UK)
STATUS:
Complete
STATUS:
Complete
Validation of remote
study delivery
Postprandial responses
Microbiome profiling
Jun 2019 – Mar 2020
n=1,000
Healthy
Ethnicity
Home (US)
STATUS:
Complete
PREDICT - Cardio
Sep 2019 - Ongoing
n=50
High/Low CVD
risk subset of
PREDICT 1 Plus
Cardiometabolic
end-points
Liver fat
Vascular function
Clinic & Home
(UK)
Continuation of
PREDICT 1
Postprandial
responses
PREDICT 1 Plus
n=900
Jun 2019 - Ongoing
Healthy
TwinsUK
Clinic & Home
(UK)
STATUS:
n=250
Postprandial responses
Dietary assessment
Microbiome profiling
July 2020
n=10,000
Healthy
Ethnicity
Chronic disease
Home (US)
STATUS:
Pending enrolment
P R E D I C T 2
PREDICT
Postprandial
responses
P R E D I C T 3
5Tim Spector King’s College London, UK
P R E D I C T 1
STATUS:
Complete
6. Nutritional advice in the past and present…evidence is constantly evolving
Guidelines take on ‘one-size fits all’ approach
6Tim Spector King’s College London, UK
Lack of consensus
even amongst
expert nutritional
scientists
7. Even the world leading experts don’t agree…
7Tim Spector King’s College London, UK
With perfect agreement
1
2
3
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
In reality
13 independent experts
105 food items tested
Why?
We are complicated
and food
is complicated
8. Whole almonds Ground Almonds
0
50
100
150
200
Kcal/serving
• Thousands chemicals/nutrients in each food;
not just the nutrients listed on a label
• Nutrient-nutrient interactions
• Food matrix
• Processing
Why is food complicated?
Meals/foods containing same ingredients and/or
composition but differing in matrix can have
completely different effects
What does this mean?
That’s because food is complicated…
8Tim Spector King’s College London, UK
9. How meaningful is the mean?
9Tim Spector King’s College London, UK
Large inter-individual variability
in responses to food
Nutritional studies typically
show the mean response
Manipulation of lipid bioaccessibility of almond seeds influences postprandial
lipemia in healthy human subjects. Berry et al (2007)
The need for personalisation
Nutritional advice is based
on population averages
A difference of 106 kcal per serving
~742 kcal per week
4.6
2.3 kcal - 6.0 kcal range
62 kcal 168 kcal
“Poor”
metabolisers
“Good”
metabolisers
Average serving
28g
Metabolizable Energy from Nuts
kcal
Discrepancy between the Atwater factor predicted and empirically measured
energy values of almonds in human diets. Novotny et al (2012)
But how many of
us are average?
10. Quality&Precision
Quantity
Digital devices
• Mobile phone apps
• Clinical devices, continuous
glucose monitors, activity monitors
Remote clinical testing
DNA, microbiome, blood tests
Citizen science
Today we can look beyond the mean
10
Traditional
Randomized
Controlled Trials
Big Data
Opportunities
Tim Spector King’s College London, UK
Duplicate
Diet Records
Epidemiological
Studies
Food
Frequency
Questionnaires
12. What explains
these differences?
Can we PREDICT
individual responses using
machine learning?
MEAL
CONTEXT
GENETICSMICROBIOME
AGE /
SEX / BMI
MEAL
COMPOSITION
2. 3.
How much variability
between people?
1.
By using genetic, metabolomic, metagenomic and meal-context
information to predict individuals’ response to food
12Tim Spector King’s College London, UK
13. What makes our work so unique….we are looking at the integrated response and
interrelated multi-directional pathways….
13Tim Spector King’s College London, UK
14. How we respond to food… using postprandial responses
Single Meal
2
1.5
1.0
0.5
0 100 200 300 400 500
Minutes since breakfast
7
6
5
Traditional measures of disease risk
Typical Day
50g fat, 85g carb. AJCN. 2011. 94, 1433-41. n=50
2.0
1.5
1.0
06:00 08:00 10:00 12:00 14:00 16:00 18:00 20:00 22:00 00:00 02:00 04:00Time
7
6
5
Breakfast Lunch DinnerSnack Snack Snack
PLASMA TRIACYLGLYCEROL PLASMA GLUCOSE INSULIN
PlasmaTriacylglycerol(mmol/l)
PlasmaTriacylglycerol(mmol/l)
PlasmaGlucose(mmol/l)
PlasmaGlucose(mmol/l)
14Tim Spector King’s College London, UK
15. Time since breakfast
Astley, C. M. et al. Clin Chem 64, 192-200, doi:10.1373/clinchem.2017.280727 (2018). Bansal, S. et al. JAMA 298, 309-316, doi:10.1001/jama.298.3.309 (2007). Lindman, A. S., . et al. . Eur J Epidemiol 25, 789-798, doi:
10.1007/s10654-010-9501-1 (2010). Nordestgaard, B. G., . et al. . JAMA 298, 299-308, doi:10.1001/jama.298.3.299 (2007). Levitan, . et al. . Arch Intern Med 164, 2147-2155, doi:10.1001/archinte.164.19.2147 (2004).
Why do post-prandial peaks matter?
15
PLASMA TRIACYLGLYCEROL
PLASMA GLUCOSE
INSULIN
• Lipoprotein
Re-modelling
• Oxidative Stress
Inflammation
• Endothelial
Dysfunction
• Raised Insulin
Secretion
• Hunger & Appetite
Impact…
• Cardiovascular
Disease
• Metabolic Disease
(Type 2 Diabetes,
Fatty Liver, Insulin
Resistance)
• Weight gain
Increased risk for…
Tim Spector King’s College London, UK
16. Controlled Time (Mins)
BLOOD
Fasting 30 6015 120 180 240 2700 300 360
BLOOD
BLOOD
BLOOD
BLOOD
BLOOD
BLOOD
BLOOD
BLOOD
BLOOD
Questionnaires
FFQ, Lifestyle &
Medical
Anthropometry
DEXA, waist/hip &
BMI
Blood pressure
and heart rate
Genetics,
Clinical assays &
Metabolomics
Metabolomics,
Saliva & Urine
SALIVA
SALIVA
Metabolic challenge
Other test meals
Aims
Use genetic, metabolomic, metagenomic and meal-context information to predict individuals’ postprandial responses to food.
Validation Cohort
n=100
Main Cohort
n=1,002
Home Phase (Days 2-14)
Dietary
Assessment
Standardised
meals
Blood
Spot tests
Digital
devices
Stool
samples
Study app; weighed records; in-study support
Nutritionally varied test breakfasts and lunches
TAG, C-peptide assays
Continuous glucose, physical activity and sleep monitoring
Microbiome profiling
Clinic
Day 2 3 4 5 6 7 9 10 13 1411 128
Baseline Clinic Visit (Day 1)
16Tim Spector King’s College London, UKJun 2018 – May 2019 IRAS 236407 IRB 2018P002078 NCT03479866
17. 2,022,000
CGM glucose
readings
Mean (SD)
Age (yr) 45.7 (12.0)
BMI (kg/m2) 25.6 (5.0)
Sex (%) 72 F/ 28 M
Triacylglycerol (mmol/L) 1.1 (0.5)
Insulin (IU/mL) 6.1 (4.3)
Glucose (mmol/L) 5.0 (0.5)
Total cholesterol (mmol/L) 5.0 (1.0)
n=1,002
MZ Twins 479
DZ Twins 172
Non-Twins 351
Drop-out 2.5%
The scale of the PREDICT 1 study
32,000
Muffins consumed
28,000
TAG readings
132,000
Meals logged
17Tim Spector King’s College London, UK
18. Decoding human responses
to food for precision nutrition
18
Sarah Berry, Ph.D
Senior Lecturer, Department of Nutritional
Sciences
King’s College London
19. Significant variability between healthy individuals
Baseline 6h rise
CV 50% 103%
Triacylglycerol Glucose Insulin
19Sarah Berry King’s College London, UK
Baseline 2h iAUC
CV 10% 68%
Baseline 2h iAUC
CV 69% 59%
TAG(mmol/L)
Glucose(mmol/L)
Insulin(mmol/L)
Clinic day data, n = 1,002
20. Intra-individual variability is lower than inter-individual variability
(6h rise, n=1018 meals at home and in clinic)
Interindividual CV is calculated for identical meals, between random pairs of individuals.
Intraindividual CV is calculated between pairs of nutritionally identical meals for the same individual
Triacylglycerol Glucose
(iAUC 0-2h, n=7898 meals at home)
20Sarah Berry King’s College London, UK
Differences
between
individuals are
repeatable
Intra-individual Inter-individual
CV 36% 68%
Intra-individual Inter-individual
CV 24% 40%
21. Identical twins have very different responses
Height Glucose
(iAUC 0-2h)
Triacylglycerol
(6h iAUC)
ACE Heritability Modelling Key:
21Sarah Berry King’s College London, UK
Genetics do not
explain most
nutritional
differences
Genetics Upbringing Environment
48%
5
%
48% 48% 52%46% 50% 4%
TwinMZ2GLU0-2hiAUC
Twin MZ 1 GLU 0-2h iAUC Twin MZ 1 Log scaled 6h TAG iAUCTwin MZ 1 Height
TwinMZ2Height
TwinMZ2Logscaled6hTAGiAUC
22. What causes the variability in responses?
22Sarah Berry King’s College London, UK
Glucose
iAUC 0-2h
R2 adjusted
Triacylglycerol
6hr rise
R2 adjusted
* P<0.05, ** P<0.01, *** P<0.001
23. Machine Learning can predict individual responses
Machine learning
model correlates
77%
to measured
glucose responses
23
Machine Learning model
uses test results to predict
responses to new meals
Individual takes test
Sarah Berry King’s College London, UK
Pearson R = 0.77; p = 0
24. High resolution and high density measures allows deep dive
24Sarah Berry King’s College London, UK
Meal context
Time of day, Meal sequence,
Exercise
Lipoprotein re-modelling
Oxidative stress
Inflammation
Endothelial dysfunction
Raised insulin secretion
Meal composition
Genetics
Microbiome
Age
Blood pressure
Serum measures
Anthropometry
Habitual diet
Sex
Hunger & appetite
26. Home-based Intervention (Days 2-13)
Study app; weighed diet records; in-study support
Set-up
Day 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 9 10 118
Continuous glucose, physical activity and sleep monitoring
TAG TAG
12 13
Nutritionally varied test meals: breakfast, lunch, snack, sweetener preloads
Daily intervention timeline
Free-livingFasted 3-4h fast 3h fast 2h fast
Breakfast Lunch Snack
Microbiome profiling
Dietary
Assessment
Standardised
meals
Blood
Spot tests
Digital
devices
Stool
samples
1. Effects on glycaemic responses of:
i. carbohydrate staple foods
ii. composite meals
iii. sweetener preloads
iv. time-of-day
v. meal-sequence
2. Collect free-living dietary intake and energy
expenditure data to validate the Zoe app
Aims
Single-staple breakfasts
White bread Rye bread Pasta Mashed potatoes Rice
Composite staple lunches
White bread
& cheese
Rye bread
& cheese
Spaghetti
bolognaise
Cottage pie Chickpeas
& chicken
Staple snacks & sweeteners
Sucralose, Aspartame,
Stevia preloads
Biscuits and juicePotato
crisps
Chocolate
bar
Dietary Intervention
n=100
26Sarah Berry King’s College London, UK 26Jan 2019 – May 2019 IRAS 236407 NCT03479866
27. 27INTERIM UNPUBLISHED DATA
Using carbohydrate-rich test meals at breakfast/lunch
Type of breakfast can impact glycaemic response at lunch eaten 4 hours later
Sarah Berry King’s College London, UK
Lunchtime response affected by breakfast meal
28. Breakfasts
Time since breakfast (min)
Glucose dip
Divergent responses seen 2-3 hours after a meal
28Sarah Berry King’s College London, UKINTERIM UNPUBLISHED DATA
29. High resolution and high density measures allows deep dive
29Sarah Berry King’s College London, UK
Lipoprotein re-modelling
Oxidative stress
Inflammation
Endothelial dysfunction
Raised insulin secretion
Hunger & appetite
Meal context
Time of day, Meal sequence,
Exercise
Meal composition
Genetics
Microbiome
Age
Blood pressure
Serum measures
Anthropometry
Habitual diet
Sex
30. Impact of glucose ‘dips’ on hunger and calorie intake
30
Individuals with smallest 25% of Glucose Drop (Q1),
versus largest 25% of Glucose Drop (Q4)
Sarah Berry King’s College London, UK
Glucose dip UK average meal (mmol/L)
Large inter-individual variability
in ‘dippers’ – even in response
to the same meal
Frequency
+9 (+/-4) -2 (+/-2) -25 mins(+/-10) +79 Kcal(+/-28) +321 Kcal(+/-87)
Hunger+2-3hpost-meal–pre-meal
Alertness+2-3hpost-meal
Minutessincefirstmeal(mins)
Calories(Kcal)
Calories(Kcal)
Q1 Q4 Q1 Q4 Q1 Q4 Q1 Q4 Q1 Q4
Increase in
hunger
Alertness
level
Time until
next meal
Calories
eaten 3-4h
Calories eaten
in full day
n=689, meals=5693
31. iAUC?
Increase
from fasting?
Duration?
Peak
concentration?
1.8
1.6
1.4
1.2
1.0
0.8
0.6
0 100 200 300 400 500
PlasmaTriacylglycerol(mmol/l)
Minutes since breakfast
Late postprandial rise?
The response curve is complicated – what feature matters most?
31Sarah Berry King’s College London, UK
• Peak Concentration?
• iAUC?
• Increase from fasting?
• Duration?
• Late postprandial rise?
AJCN. 2011. 94, 1433-41
32. Postprandial Lipoprotein remodelling associated with CVD
Inflammatory marker associated with CVD
Outcomes from the metabolomic analysis include measures
of cardiovascular inflammation and atherogenic lipoprotein remodelling
Lipoprotein subclasses Lipoprotein compositional re-modelling
32Sarah Berry King’s College London, UK
HDL VLDL
CE
TAG
PL
CE
TAG
PL
Cholesteryl ester
Transfer protein
Cholesteryl ester
Transfer protein
Diameter (nm)
Density(g/ml)
Postprandial-induced inflammation
IL-6 and GlycA
Incident CVD; FINRISK (n=7256), SABRE (n=2622), British Woman's Health Study (n=3563); Circulation, 2015.
33. The 6h increase in TAG from fasting values is most strongly
associated with intermediary cardiometabolic risk factors
33Sarah Berry King’s College London, UK
Atherogenic
lipoproteins and
inflammatory markers
most closely associated
with a prolonged
postprandial response
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
n=1,002
Remnant-C
HDL-C
Gp
XL-VLD-C
XL-VLD-P
XXL-VLD-C
XXL-VLD-P
4h
TAG iAUC
6h
TAG iAUC
4h
TAG
Concentration
4h
TAG
increase
6h
TAG
Concentration
6h
TAG increase
34. Food-induced inflammation is highly variable, clinically relevant
and determined mainly by postprandial lipaemia
IL-6 GlycA
• Significant, clinically
relevant increase
postprandially
• Correlated with peak in
glucose (r=0.239) and TG
(r=0.832)
• ML shows lipaemia is
stronger determinant,
specifically TG 6h-rise
• Increases
postprandially
• Not correlated with
glycaemica or lipaemia
Time (min)
0
(Breakfast)
240
(Lunch)
360
10
15
20
25
30
Interleukin-6(mmol/l)
10
15
20
25
30
Glycoproteinacetylation(mmol/l)
Time (min)
0
(Breakfast)
240
(Lunch)
360
34Sarah Berry King’s College London, UK
Doubled ASCVD risk for
individuals with >90th
percentile GlycA increase
35. Neck-to-knee XMR imaging
Liver lipid quantification
PREDICT 1 PlusPREDICT - Cardio
Pulse wave velocity Plaque grading
Carotid intima-media thickness
1. Measure clinical intermediary cardiometabolic
outcomes, in fasted PREDICT 1 Plus participants
2. Determine the link between postprandial glycaemic/
lipaemic responses and cardiometabolic disease
Clinic
Day 1
2 3 4 5 6 7 9 10 118
Aims
35Sarah Berry King’s College London, UK
Sub-cohort of PREDICT 1 Plus
n=50
Sep 2019 – Feb 2020 IRAS 236407 NCT03479866
36. Summary
36Sarah Berry King’s College London, UK
• Everyone is unique in food response
– even identical twins
• Genetics explains only a fraction of
how we respond to foods
• The composition of the meal
explains
<30% of our responses
• How and when we eat can impact
our response to food
• Dissecting the integrated, inter-
related multidirectional pathways
with large scale, high resolution data
makes precision nutrition achievable
37. The hidden human microbiome
diversity and personalized host-
microbiome interaction
37
Nicola Segata, Ph.D
Associate Professor, Computational Metagenomics,
CIBIO, University of Trento
@nsegata
38. Species-level
features
#samples 232 121 110 253 344 96
Cirrhosis Colorectal IBD Obesity T2D WT2D
Pasolli et al., PLoS Comput Biol, 2016
Human Microbiome Project, MetaHIT
Thomas, Manghi et al., Nat Med, 2019
Nine total (and
concordant) datasets
for Colorectal cancer
But what about the microbiome in “health” levels and pre-disease?
What is health and what is disease for the microbiome?
38Nicola Segata University of Trento, Italy
The microbiome in disease The microbiome in health
39. On the road to link the gut microbiome with food and metabolic health
39Nicola Segata University of Trento, Italy
40. Truth is, we are all unique
Even identical twins have very different responses to food
40Nicola Segata University of Trento, Italy
41. Subjects from around the world (~3000 sbj from 4 continents)
Subjects from US (from two universities)
Subjects from EU (6 countries)
Samples from same subjects collected at ~6 months
Subjects from EU
Subjects from US
Truong et al., Genome Research, 2017
Truth is, also our microbiome is unique
0.250
0.275
0.300
0.325
0.350
0.400
0.425
0.375
Commonspecies(%)
Twin pair Unrelated
41Nicola Segata University of Trento, Italy
42. The PREDICT 1 study at ZOE
42
1,002 samples
Predict 1 (UK Cohort)
100 samples
Predict 1 (US Cohort)
Food Frequency Questionnaire
Clinic data
Serum metabolomics
Continuous Glucose Monitor
Stool metagenomics
The microbiome data
769 species
29 spp. 90%
prevalent
91 spp. 50%
prevalent
174 spp. 20%
prevalent
UniRef90
1,910,069
UniRef50
878,520
KEGG KOs
6,163
Pathways
445
Taxonomic Functional Assembly
48,181 MAGs
29,035 MQ
19,146 HQ
8.8 avg. 2.2 sd. Gb/sample
58.3 avg 14.6 sd. Mreads/sample
Metadata
Age, BMI, weight, waist/hip
ratio, visceral fat, antibiotic
usage, blood pressure
Personal
Tot. 18
Foods, Food groups,
Nutrients, Nutrients % kcal,
Dietary patterns
Habitual diet
Tot. 275
Lipoproteins, ApoLipoproteins,
Risk scores, Glucose
mediated, FA’s metabolism
Fasting
Tot. 247
All fasting measures up to
7 timepoints including max
values and rises
Post prandial
Tot. 484
42Nicola Segata University of Trento, Italy
44. The PREDICT 1 study at ZOE
4444Nicola Segata University of Trento, Italy
45. How strongly is the microbiome linked with habitual diet?
45Nicola Segata University of Trento, Italy
46. And the associations re reproducible in the US cohort!
aMed scoreHFD
46Nicola Segata University of Trento, Italy
47. What are the microbes most associated with foods?
47
Beef,
poultry,
sausages,
pork, ham
Shellfish,
oily fish,
eggs
Red wine
YogurtJam Dark
Chocolate
Tomato
Ketchup
Sauces
Support for health-association for the two clusters: p-value
< 1e-20
Baked
beans
47Nicola Segata University of Trento, Italy
48. What are the microbes most associated with foods?
48
Healthy plant-based Less healthy plant-based Unhealthy animal-based Healthy animal-based
48Nicola Segata University of Trento, Italy
49. What are the microbes most associated with habitual diet?
4949Nicola Segata University of Trento, Italy
50. From microbe-food links to microbe-obesity links
50Nicola Segata University of Trento, Italy
51. Postprandial Lipoprotein remodelling associated with CVD
Inflammatory marker associated with CVD
Metabolomics for measures of cardiometabolic health
Incident CVD; FINRISK (n=7256), SABRE (n=2622), British Woman's Health Study (n=3563); Circulation, 2015.
Lipoprotein subclasses Lipoprotein compositional re-modelling
HDL VLDL
CE
TAG
PL
CE
TAG
PL
Cholesteryl ester
Transfer protein
Cholesteryl ester
Transfer protein
Diameter (nm)
Density(g/ml)
Postprandial-induced inflammation
IL-6 and GlycA
51Nicola Segata University of Trento, Italy
52. The gut microbiome and fasting cardio-metabolic markers
52Nicola Segata University of Trento, Italy
53. 53
The gut microbiome and fasting cardio-metabolic markers
53Nicola Segata University of Trento, Italy
54. Fasting and postprandial level are more predictable than rises
Total lipid concentrationsInflammatory measures Lipoprotein particle sizeLipoprotein concentrations Glycaemic mediatedApoLipoproteins
54Nicola Segata University of Trento, Italy
56. An overall signature of the “healthy” microbiome “in health”
56Nicola Segata University of Trento, Italy
57. • Thousands of
unknown species
• Millions of
unsampled genes
• Missing links with
diseases and conditions
…but a lot of the human microbiome diversity is still unexplored
Mapping reads (%)
Yes
No
0 20 40 60 80 100
Average mapping reads (%)
Skin
Oral Cavity
Stool
Vagina
0 20 40 60 80 100
Westernized
57Nicola Segata University of Trento, Italy
58. The future of
precision Nutrition
58
Jose Ordovas, Ph.D
Director and Senior Scientist,
Nutrition and Genomics Lab, Tufts University
59. International Food Information Council Foundation: 2018 Food and Health Survey. 2018.
https://foodinsight.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/05/2018-FHS-Report-FINAL.pdf. 59Jose Ordovas Tufts, USA
Before moving into the future let’s peek the present:
Cardiovascular Health Top Desired Benefit from Food
Weight loss, energy, and brain function also rank as top benefits consumers are interested in getting from food.
24% of African Americans
ranked weight loss as a
top three health benefit,
compared to 41% of
non-Hispanic whites
More older adults (65+)
ranked bone health and
diabetes management in
top 3 benefits from food
Interest in health benefits from food and nutrients
59
60. Source: https://www.foodnavigator.com/Article/2019/02/06/Food-confusion-prevalent-in-Europe-says-Arla-Foods#
Eighty per cent of consumers
report finding information about
food and nutrition conflicting.
Fifty-nine per cent say that
conflicting information makes them
doubt their choices.
This significant consumer segment
also experiences heightened
stress while shopping
Jose Ordovas Tufts, USA
International Food Information Council Foundation: 2018 Food and Health Survey. 2018.
https://foodinsight.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/05/2018-FHS-Report-FINAL.pdf.
The Concern:
Consumer confusion about food and nutrition is a prevalent issue
60
61. Jose Ordovas Tufts, USA
International Food Information Council Foundation: 2018 Food and Health Survey. 2018.
https://foodinsight.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/05/2018-FHS-Report-FINAL.pdf.
Conflicting information creates “Confusion”
61
62. Jose Ordovas Tufts, USA
International Food Information Council Foundation: 2018 Food and Health Survey. 2018.
https://foodinsight.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/05/2018-FHS-Report-FINAL.pdf.
Level of trust vs. Reliance as a source
Health professionals trusted and used by consumers to guide health and food decisions
Relation between trust and reliance
62
63. With limited access/knowledge to clear, science-based, unbiased nutrition
information, public trust in generalized nutrition guidelines is compromised.
Jose Ordovas Tufts, USA
International Food Information Council Foundation: 2018 Food and Health Survey. 2018.
https://foodinsight.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/05/2018-FHS-Report-FINAL.pdf.
Familiarity with the MyPlate graphic
59% Have seen
the MyPlate graphic
69% of parents with
children under 18 have
seen the MyPlate graphic
Younger consumers. Those in better health, parents and women are particularly familiar with the icon
More education is needed: Three in ten know a lot/fair amount about MyPlate
63
64. • In 2017 ~11 million global deaths and 255 million
disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) could be
attributed to dietary risk factors.
• Treating Chronic Diseases within the current
healthcare model accounts for a staggering 90% of
the United States $3.3 trillion healthcare costs.
• Global nutrition recommendations have failed to
reduce the incidence of chronic disease.
Jose Ordovas Tufts, USA
Why is precision nutrition needed?
64
1995 2000 2005 2010
2003
2015
2011
Dietary guidelines for Americans
USDA
65. A “Proof of Principle” study of Personalised
Nutrition across Europe:
The Food4Me intervention study
This project has received funding from the European Union’s Seventh Framework Programme
for research, technological development and demonstration. (Contract n°265494) Jose Ordovas Tufts, USA
Does precision nutrition work?
65
66. Is personalised nutrition advice more
effective than general healthy eating
guidelines?
Is phenotypic or genotypic information
more effective than diet-based advice alone?
Is the internet a successful
delivery method?
Research questions
Jose Ordovas Tufts, USA 66
67. Level 0: Generic dietary advice (Control)
Level 1: Personalization based on DIETARY analysis
Level 2: Personalization based on DIETARY + PHENOTYPIC analysis
Level 3: Personalization based on DIETARY + PHENOTYPIC + GENOMIC analysis
Randomized to 4 Arms
Jose Ordovas Tufts, USA 67
68. Celis-Morales C et al. (2017) Int. J. Epidemiol. 46, 578-588 Jose Ordovas Tufts, USA
Personalized nutrition improved dietary behaviour (All participants)
RedMeatIntake
(g.day-1)
HealthyEating
index
Control
(LO)
Personalized
nutrition
(Mean L1, L2, L3)
L1 L2 L3
68
69. Celis-Morales C et al. (2017) Int. J. Epidemiol. 46, 578-588 Jose Ordovas Tufts, USA
PN improved dietary behaviour (participants receiving targeted advice)
SaturatedFatIntake
(%fromtotalenergy)
FolateIntake
(μg.day-1)
Control
(LO)
Personalized
nutrition
(Mean L1, L2, L3)
L1 L2 L3
69
70. Challenge - Nutrition research:
Data management, study design and translation.
Meeting the challenge:
Precision Nutrition research and data (PREDICT)
Large Datasets
Nutrition trials
Integrated responses
Dynamic responses
Jose Ordovas Tufts, USA
Meeting the Challenges of Nutrition with Precision Nutrition
70
72. Traditional targets for
personalisation
Integrating multiple factors for
comprehensive personalisation
Past, present, and future of precision nutrition
The past (1950s – present) The present (2020)
Meal composition
Genetics
Meal context
Serum glycemic markers
Microbiome
Age
Serum lipid markers
Blood pressure
Anthropometry
Other serum markers
FFQ
Sex
New Studies
• PREDICT 2
• PREDICT 3
New Technologies
• Non-invasive Real time Biosensors
• POC Lab-on-a-chip
• Artificial Intelligence 2.0
New Knowledge for Professionals and
Individuals
• Empowering the Health Professional
• Empowering the Individual
• Precision Public Health
• Insurance Coverage
The future
72Tim Spector King’s College London, UK
73. 73Tim Spector King’s College London, UK
PREDICT - Carbs
PREDICT - Cardio
PREDICT 1 Plus
P R E D I C T 2
PREDICT
P R E D I C T 3
PREDICT1
J F M A M J J A S O N D J F M A M J J AJ J A S O N D
2018 2019 2020
Completed Ongoing Pending enrolment
The PREDICT program
PREDICT Ongoing
74. King’s College London
Tim Spector
Sarah Berry
Deborah Hart
ZOE
Richard Davies
Jonathan Wolf
George Hadjigeorgiou
University of Trento, Italy
Nicola Segata (PI)
Francesco Asnicar
Massachusetts General Hospital
& Harvard University
Linda Delahanty
Oxford University
Leanne Hodson
Mark McCarthy
Massachusetts General Hospital
Andrew T. Chan
David Drew
Lund University, Sweden
Paul Franks
Acknowledgements
Harvard University
Curtis Huttenhower
University of Leeds
John Blundell
University of Nottingham
Ana Valdes
Tufts University
Jose Ordovas
Editor's Notes
We gave experts from a bunch of institutions a list of foods to score for frequency of consumption for a healthy person.
Roughly translates to red = unhealthy, limit intake, green = healthy, eat without limits.
If all were 100% in agreement, each column would have a single solid colour and there would be a smooth transition from red to green [top bar].
That is not the case. [bottom bar appears] The speckling shows the disagreement between experts about each food – the more speckled a column is, the more disagreement.
Two things become clear from this map: there is a lot of disagreement about most foods, and stronger agreement about the extremes.
Precision nutrition
PREDICT 1 design. Updated from master doc. Please use as you want
Middle plot axis changed to glucose
Colour bars updated
PREDICT 1
Differences in shapes of curves despite similar peaks
Added benefit of using PP responses over fasting;
By comparing 2 multivariate linear models, 1 which has only fasting and medication, age, sex, height weight, fasting inculisn, TG and glucose
The 2nd which all of the above, plus postprandial response on the y axis.
Each cell is the difference in pearsons correlation between two models for each lipoprotein
PREDICT 1
There are extensive studies of microbiome investigating the diversity and variability of the human microbiome in healthy conditions to establish a baseline for disease
And there are many investigations trying to link the human microbiome with specific disease, with a large body or literature on IBD and diabetes, just to mention a couple
For colorectal cancer, for example, there are now 9 distinct metagenomics cohort and a meta-analysis we performed on them showed reproducible signature of disease across populations for this disease
What is still almost completely missing, instead, is an understanding of how the microbiome is linked with cardiometabolic indicators of different health levels and and pre-disease states
The link between the gut microbiome and nutrition has been already investigated
But with a very few exception the results are almost anecdotal
We know from longitudinal sampling of small cohorts that the microbiome is sensible to changes in dietary patters
Also, diet-related metabolic health markers are partially recapitulated by the gut microbiome according to a few large-scale studies, but overall the characterization of circulating fasting and postprandial metabolites with respect to the gut microbiome are still missing
We thus present here our contribution in this direction.
But to set the stage of the let me revamp a slide already presented by Sarah (or Tim). She convinced you that even genetically identical individuals have different response to food, suggesting that despite common genetic background our body is unique
When looking at our microbiome, not even its (microbial) genetics is comparable across individual
Twins share around 37% of their intestinal bacterial species and unrelated individual just a slightly reduced 35% suggesting that genetics and common environment have only a small effect on the overall microbiome composition
But things are even more surprising at the level of strains, which are the specific genetic variant of a bug within a species. Strains from the same species can be phenotypically very different, think for example at commensal vs pathogenic E. coli,
Here I show the genetic distance between strains in the same species from different individual. This means that if we pick a species which is common between two of the persons in the audience, when we look at the genomes of this species in the two individual we will usually find more than 5% genetic diversity and no more than 75% of genes in common. Seen from the other side, it is very rare that two unrelated individuals share two very similar strains.
And this is not a methodological flaw, as the example in which we compared the microbiome of the same person 6 months apart should convince you. As you can see, I have more than 70-80% of strains that were there in my microbiome 6 months ago or so
So, while different individuals share over 99.9% of their genome, they share no more than 0.1% of their microbiome, meaning that our gut microbiome is completely unique although is pretty genetically stable in time
Any attempt at linking nutrition or metabolic health with the gut microbiome thus need to take this uniqueness into account and consider very large sample sizes
This is what we attempted to do in the already introduced Predict 1 study
Introduce the number, microbiome data, and the four kind of metadata
- Description of shogun metagenomics, this can go from 30 seconds to 5 minutes as needed
One initial message:
- Microbiome richness is connected with some metadata. Age and BMI as already shown and as expected. But visceral fat is stronger than BMI, and several cholesterol indicators are also reasonable and consistent. [FIGURE TO BE UPDATED WITH THE LATEST VERSION, AND MAYB CUT INTO TWO SPECIES TO MAKE BETTER USE OF THE SPACE?]
Then we investigated the links in our large cohort between the gut microbiome and long-term dieat as assessed by the FFQs.
Introduce the machine learning approach
Introduce some aspects of single foods and food groups
Discuss nutrients and especially dietary patterns [NON-NORMALIZED NUTRIENTS TO BE REMOVED, PLOTS TO BE UPDATED TO THE LATEST VERSIONS]
I can make the point here of Coffee with Lawsonibacter
- Show some validated correlations eg. HFD and aMed [BUT NEED TO BE UPDATED WITH THE LATEST RESULTS]
Introduce the attempt ad correlating microbiome species with foods
Give the example of the very reasonable and expected link between B. animalis and yogurt
Highlight the clustering in two distinct classes strongly associated with health plants and unhealthy plants/animals
Highlight that the few incongruences are actually very reasonable, and that red wine is in the “good” class
This slide reiterates the main point of the previous slide, I can mke a specific point that Firmicutes CAG 95 is significantly associated with half of the healthy plants and of the healthy animals. C. unnocuum basically vicevers.
CAN SIMPLIFY THIS AND SHOW ONLY DIETARY PATTERNS.
- On the dietary patterns I can highlight HFD which is the strongest
Here I can briefly make the point that obesity is also associated with specific gut microbes:
Can point at some species already mentioned for diet
Can say that the signatures are reproducible in external datasets
THIS SLIDE CAN BE REMOVED IF NEEDED