The document provides an overview of pre-colonial Philippine culture and society. It discusses the early settlers of the Philippines, including Negritos arriving 15,000-30,000 BC and Proto-Malays arriving around 2500 BC. It describes the social structure, with different tribal groups and warrior societies emerging by 1000 BC. Pre-colonial Filipinos had their own systems of writing, religions, housing, clothing, and forms of government centered around independent barangays led by datus. Social classes included a petty nobility, freemen, and slaves.
Social System of Pre-Colonial Period in the PhilippinesAnne Valino
Prepared by: Anne Mariz Valino
Compilation of Articles: Bonita Montina Jusay
Central Luzon State University
College Of Veterinary Science and Medicine
Subject: History 100
This is the second chapter of the course Readings in Philippine History as per the Commission on Higher Education.
Course sub-topics:
1. "First Voyage Around the World"
2. "Customs of the Tagalogs"
3. "Kartilya ng Katipunan"
4. "Mga Gunita ng Himagsikan"
5. "Acta de la Proclamacion de la Independencia del Pueblo Filipino"
6. "Philippine Cartoons: Political Caricature of the American Era"
7. "Filipino Grievances Against Governor Wood"
8. "President Corazon Aquino's Speech Before the US Congress"
9. "Raiders of the Sulu Sea"
10. Works of Luna and Amorsolo
Social System of Pre-Colonial Period in the PhilippinesAnne Valino
Prepared by: Anne Mariz Valino
Compilation of Articles: Bonita Montina Jusay
Central Luzon State University
College Of Veterinary Science and Medicine
Subject: History 100
This is the second chapter of the course Readings in Philippine History as per the Commission on Higher Education.
Course sub-topics:
1. "First Voyage Around the World"
2. "Customs of the Tagalogs"
3. "Kartilya ng Katipunan"
4. "Mga Gunita ng Himagsikan"
5. "Acta de la Proclamacion de la Independencia del Pueblo Filipino"
6. "Philippine Cartoons: Political Caricature of the American Era"
7. "Filipino Grievances Against Governor Wood"
8. "President Corazon Aquino's Speech Before the US Congress"
9. "Raiders of the Sulu Sea"
10. Works of Luna and Amorsolo
This topic will provide a review on the different practices, values, belief and culture of the Filipinos in the Philippines during the Pre-hispanic, Spanish, American and Japanese period.
Builder.ai Founder Sachin Dev Duggal's Strategic Approach to Create an Innova...Ramesh Iyer
In today's fast-changing business world, Companies that adapt and embrace new ideas often need help to keep up with the competition. However, fostering a culture of innovation takes much work. It takes vision, leadership and willingness to take risks in the right proportion. Sachin Dev Duggal, co-founder of Builder.ai, has perfected the art of this balance, creating a company culture where creativity and growth are nurtured at each stage.
Encryption in Microsoft 365 - ExpertsLive Netherlands 2024Albert Hoitingh
In this session I delve into the encryption technology used in Microsoft 365 and Microsoft Purview. Including the concepts of Customer Key and Double Key Encryption.
Elevating Tactical DDD Patterns Through Object CalisthenicsDorra BARTAGUIZ
After immersing yourself in the blue book and its red counterpart, attending DDD-focused conferences, and applying tactical patterns, you're left with a crucial question: How do I ensure my design is effective? Tactical patterns within Domain-Driven Design (DDD) serve as guiding principles for creating clear and manageable domain models. However, achieving success with these patterns requires additional guidance. Interestingly, we've observed that a set of constraints initially designed for training purposes remarkably aligns with effective pattern implementation, offering a more ‘mechanical’ approach. Let's explore together how Object Calisthenics can elevate the design of your tactical DDD patterns, offering concrete help for those venturing into DDD for the first time!
DevOps and Testing slides at DASA ConnectKari Kakkonen
My and Rik Marselis slides at 30.5.2024 DASA Connect conference. We discuss about what is testing, then what is agile testing and finally what is Testing in DevOps. Finally we had lovely workshop with the participants trying to find out different ways to think about quality and testing in different parts of the DevOps infinity loop.
Epistemic Interaction - tuning interfaces to provide information for AI supportAlan Dix
Paper presented at SYNERGY workshop at AVI 2024, Genoa, Italy. 3rd June 2024
https://alandix.com/academic/papers/synergy2024-epistemic/
As machine learning integrates deeper into human-computer interactions, the concept of epistemic interaction emerges, aiming to refine these interactions to enhance system adaptability. This approach encourages minor, intentional adjustments in user behaviour to enrich the data available for system learning. This paper introduces epistemic interaction within the context of human-system communication, illustrating how deliberate interaction design can improve system understanding and adaptation. Through concrete examples, we demonstrate the potential of epistemic interaction to significantly advance human-computer interaction by leveraging intuitive human communication strategies to inform system design and functionality, offering a novel pathway for enriching user-system engagements.
Essentials of Automations: Optimizing FME Workflows with ParametersSafe Software
Are you looking to streamline your workflows and boost your projects’ efficiency? Do you find yourself searching for ways to add flexibility and control over your FME workflows? If so, you’re in the right place.
Join us for an insightful dive into the world of FME parameters, a critical element in optimizing workflow efficiency. This webinar marks the beginning of our three-part “Essentials of Automation” series. This first webinar is designed to equip you with the knowledge and skills to utilize parameters effectively: enhancing the flexibility, maintainability, and user control of your FME projects.
Here’s what you’ll gain:
- Essentials of FME Parameters: Understand the pivotal role of parameters, including Reader/Writer, Transformer, User, and FME Flow categories. Discover how they are the key to unlocking automation and optimization within your workflows.
- Practical Applications in FME Form: Delve into key user parameter types including choice, connections, and file URLs. Allow users to control how a workflow runs, making your workflows more reusable. Learn to import values and deliver the best user experience for your workflows while enhancing accuracy.
- Optimization Strategies in FME Flow: Explore the creation and strategic deployment of parameters in FME Flow, including the use of deployment and geometry parameters, to maximize workflow efficiency.
- Pro Tips for Success: Gain insights on parameterizing connections and leveraging new features like Conditional Visibility for clarity and simplicity.
We’ll wrap up with a glimpse into future webinars, followed by a Q&A session to address your specific questions surrounding this topic.
Don’t miss this opportunity to elevate your FME expertise and drive your projects to new heights of efficiency.
GraphRAG is All You need? LLM & Knowledge GraphGuy Korland
Guy Korland, CEO and Co-founder of FalkorDB, will review two articles on the integration of language models with knowledge graphs.
1. Unifying Large Language Models and Knowledge Graphs: A Roadmap.
https://arxiv.org/abs/2306.08302
2. Microsoft Research's GraphRAG paper and a review paper on various uses of knowledge graphs:
https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/research/blog/graphrag-unlocking-llm-discovery-on-narrative-private-data/
UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series, part 4DianaGray10
Welcome to UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series part 4. In this session, we will cover Test Manager overview along with SAP heatmap.
The UiPath Test Manager overview with SAP heatmap webinar offers a concise yet comprehensive exploration of the role of a Test Manager within SAP environments, coupled with the utilization of heatmaps for effective testing strategies.
Participants will gain insights into the responsibilities, challenges, and best practices associated with test management in SAP projects. Additionally, the webinar delves into the significance of heatmaps as a visual aid for identifying testing priorities, areas of risk, and resource allocation within SAP landscapes. Through this session, attendees can expect to enhance their understanding of test management principles while learning practical approaches to optimize testing processes in SAP environments using heatmap visualization techniques
What will you get from this session?
1. Insights into SAP testing best practices
2. Heatmap utilization for testing
3. Optimization of testing processes
4. Demo
Topics covered:
Execution from the test manager
Orchestrator execution result
Defect reporting
SAP heatmap example with demo
Speaker:
Deepak Rai, Automation Practice Lead, Boundaryless Group and UiPath MVP
GDG Cloud Southlake #33: Boule & Rebala: Effective AppSec in SDLC using Deplo...James Anderson
Effective Application Security in Software Delivery lifecycle using Deployment Firewall and DBOM
The modern software delivery process (or the CI/CD process) includes many tools, distributed teams, open-source code, and cloud platforms. Constant focus on speed to release software to market, along with the traditional slow and manual security checks has caused gaps in continuous security as an important piece in the software supply chain. Today organizations feel more susceptible to external and internal cyber threats due to the vast attack surface in their applications supply chain and the lack of end-to-end governance and risk management.
The software team must secure its software delivery process to avoid vulnerability and security breaches. This needs to be achieved with existing tool chains and without extensive rework of the delivery processes. This talk will present strategies and techniques for providing visibility into the true risk of the existing vulnerabilities, preventing the introduction of security issues in the software, resolving vulnerabilities in production environments quickly, and capturing the deployment bill of materials (DBOM).
Speakers:
Bob Boule
Robert Boule is a technology enthusiast with PASSION for technology and making things work along with a knack for helping others understand how things work. He comes with around 20 years of solution engineering experience in application security, software continuous delivery, and SaaS platforms. He is known for his dynamic presentations in CI/CD and application security integrated in software delivery lifecycle.
Gopinath Rebala
Gopinath Rebala is the CTO of OpsMx, where he has overall responsibility for the machine learning and data processing architectures for Secure Software Delivery. Gopi also has a strong connection with our customers, leading design and architecture for strategic implementations. Gopi is a frequent speaker and well-known leader in continuous delivery and integrating security into software delivery.
FIDO Alliance Osaka Seminar: Passkeys and the Road Ahead.pdf
Pre colonial-period
1. a look into our past settings, customs, practices
and culture
2. Introduction: Pre - History
The cultural achievements of pre-colonial Philippines include those covered by
prehistory and early history of the Philippines archipelago and its inhabitants, which
are the indigenous forebears of today's Filipino people.
These early Filipinos possessed a culture and technology that were quite advanced
considering the timeline of history of science when it flourished. Waves of migrants
who came to settle in the islands contributed to the development of ancient
Philippine civilization. Prehistoric aborigines, a cross of Afro-Asiatic and Austro-
Aborigines, now called Negritos (Aeta, Agta, Ayta) reached the islands by way of
land bridges around 15,000 to 30,000 BC, and they were excellent hunters and food
gatherers. In its midst, other ancient civilizations were also thriving and evolving.
The Proto-Malays, a Mongol-Asiatic race, arrived around 2500 BC using oceanic
vessels called balangays, and they brought with them their knowledge in
seafaring, farming, building of houses from trees and creation of fire for cooking.
The next to arrive were the Duetero-Malays, of India-Asiatic race
(Indian, Chinese, Siamese, Arabic), that prevailed with a more superior and
advanced culture. They possessed their own systems of writing, knowledge and skills
in agriculture, metallurgy, jewelry-making as well as boat-building. When the
Spaniards came to the islands in the 15th century, industries such as
mining, agriculture, fishing and pottery were already in place and contacts with
other Asian nations had been long established.
3. Peopling of the
Pre-Colonnial
Philippines
The Negritos were early settlers but their appearance in
the Philippines has not been reliably dated ; and they
were followed by speakers of the Malayo-Polynesian
languages, a branch of the Austronesian languages, who
began to arrive in successive waves beginning about 4000
B.C.E, displacing the earlier arrivals.
By 1000 B.C. the inhabitants of the Philippine
archipelago had developed into four distinct kinds of
peoples: tribal groups, such as the Aetas, Hanunoo,
Ilongots and the Mangyan who depended on hunter-
gathering and were concentrated in forests; warrior
societies, such as the Isneg and Kalingas who practiced
social ranking and ritualized warfare and roamed the
plains; the petty plutocracy of the Ifugao Cordillera
Highlanders, who occupied the mountain ranges of
Luzon; and the harbor principalities of the estuarine
civilizations that grew along rivers and seashores while
participating in trans-island maritime trade.
4. Pre – Colonial Culture
During the early period thousand years ago, the early
Filipinos were composed of different groups that came
from different part of Asia. With different groups they
form their own community, system of education and
religious belief.
They group into different communities composed of 50
to 2,000 individuals and they construct their shelters in
different areas according to their lifestyle and source of
living. Usually they were situated along the seashores,
streams, rivers, forests, fertile land areas and even in
caves.
In water areas they look for fish, shells and pearls as
their source of living. They also used boat and craft as
there means of transportation for an easier travel and
carrying their goods for trade from one place to
another. For those people located in land areas they
cultivate the land and plant rice, bananas and crops.
After the harvest they no longer use the area indeed
they just move to another place with less grass and fine
soil and abundant of trees where they can start farming
again. Perhaps this gives an idea that the Philippines is
very rich of resources for a bountiful living.
5. Pre – Colonial Culture
During the pre-colonial time there
was already an indigenous spiritual
traditions practiced by the people in
the Philippines. Generally, for lack
of better terminology prehistoric
people are described to be animistic.
Their practice was a collection of
beliefs and cultural mores anchored
in the idea that the world is
inhabited by spirits and
supernatural entities, both good and
bad, and that respect be accorded to
them through nature worship thus;
they believed that their daily lives
has a connection of such beliefs.
6. Pre – Colonial Culture
These spirits are said to be the anito
or diwata that they believed to be
good and bad. The good spirits were
considered as there relatives and the
bad were believed to be their
enemies. Some worship specific
deities like Bathala a supreme god
for the Tagalog, Laon or Abba for the
Visayan, Ikasi of Zambal, Gugurang
for the people of Bicol and Kabunian
of Ilocano and Ifugao. Aside from
those supreme deities they also
worship other gods like Idialao as
god of farming, Lalaon of harvest,
Balangay god of rainbow and Sidapa
god of death.
7. Pre – Colonial Culture
Others also worship the moon, stars, caves,
mountains, rivers, plants and trees. Some
creatures are being worship too like the
bird, crow, tortoise, crocodile and other
things they believed has value and
connected to their lives.
The variation of animistic practices occurs
in different ethnic groups. Magic, chants
and prayers are often key features. Its
practitioners were highly respected (and
some feared) in the community, as they were
healers, midwife (hilot), shamans, witches
and warlocks (mangkukulam), babaylans,
tribal historians and wizened elders that
provided the spiritual and traditional life of
the community. In the Visayas region there
is a belief of witchcraft (kulam) and
mythical creatures like aswang, Nuno sa
Punso and other mythical creature.
8. Pre – Colonial Clothing
During this pre-colonial era historians have
found out that the “Barong Tagalog” (dress
of the Tagalog) already existed. The earliest
Baro or Baro ng Tagalog was worn by the
natives of Ma-I (the Philippines name
before) just before they were colonized by
the Spaniards.
The men wore a sleeve-doublet made of
Canga (rough cotton) that reached slightly
below the waist. It is collarless with a front
opening. Their loins were covered with a
pane that hung between the legs and mid-
thigh. The women also wore a sleeve dress
but shorter than the men. They also wear a
pane attached to the waist and reaching to
the feet accented by a colourful belt. The
materials used for their dress is of fine line
or Indian Muslin.
9. Pre – Colonial Clothing
The Visayan men wore a jacket
with a Moorish style rob, that
reach down their feet and was
embroidered in beautiful
colours. Tagalog and Visayan
men bound their temples and
forehead with a “putong”
(a narrow strips of clothe).
They also wore gold jewellery
and other accessories to
beautify their bodies.
10. Pre – Colonial Writing
Systems
During the early period almost
everyone in the society-male or
female knows how to read and write.
They have their own method of
writing which they use sharp-
pointed tools, leaves, bamboo and
trunk’s skin. They write from top to
bottom and read it from left to right.
Accordingly they have their Alibata
which script is different from China,
Japan and India. This account was
told by one of the first Spanish
missionaries who came in the
Philippines, Fr. Pedro Chirino.
11. Pre – Colonial Writing
Systems
Another account proved after the
discovery of a jar in Calatagan,
Batangas. This system of writing came
from the alphabet of Sumatra.
The first Visayan, Tagalog, Ilocano and
some ethic groups have their own
dialect and form of writing too. They
have an alphabet composed of 17
letters; 3 of which are vowels and 14 are
consonants.
The Muslims have also their own
system basing on there dialect. This is
called kirim of Maranao and jiwi of
the Tausug, which they are still using
until this day.
13. Pre – Colonial Form of
Government
Before the Spaniards came into the
Philippines there were existing
culture of the Filipinos which were
not distinguished by most of the
filipinos especially for the new born
filipino citizens. The Filipinos lived
in settlements called barangays
before the colonization of the
Philippines by the Spaniards. As the
unit of government, a barangay
consisted from 30 to 100 families. It
was headed by a datu and was
independent from the other group.
14. Pre – Colonial Form of Government
Usually, several barangays settled near each
other to help one another in case of war or
any emergency. The position of datu was
passed on by the holder of the position to
the eldest son or, if none, the eldest
daughter. However, later, any member of the
barangay could be chieftain, based on his
talent and ability. He had the usual
responsibilities of leading and protecting
the members of his barangay. In turn, they
had to pay tribute to the datu, help him till
the land, and help him fight for the
barangay in case of war. In the old days, a
datu had a council of elders to advise him,
especially whenever he wanted a law to be
enacted. The law was written and
announced to the whole barangay by a town
crier, called the umalohokan.
17. Social Classes
Before the coming of
Spanish colonizers, the
people of the Philippine
archipelago had already
attained a semicommunal
and semislave social
system in many parts and
also a feudal system in
certain parts, especially in
Mindanao and Sulu,
where such a feudal faith
as Islam had already taken
roots. The Aetas had the
lowest form of social
organization, which was
primitive communal.
18. Social Classes
The barangay was the
typical community in
the whole
archipelago. It was
the basic political and
economic unit
independent of
similar others. Each
embraced a few
hundreds of people
and a small territory.
Each was headed by a
chieftain called the
rajah or datu.
19. Social Classes
The social structure comprised a petty nobility, the ruling
class which had started to accumulate land that it owned
privately or administered in the name of the clan or
community; an intermediate class of freemen called the
maharlikas who had enough land for their livelihood or who
rendered special service to the rulers and who did not have
to work in the fields; and the ruled classes that included the
timawas, the serfs who shared the crops with the petty
nobility, and also the slaves and semislaves who worked
without having any definite share in the harvest. There were
two kinds of slaves then: those who had their own quarters,
the aliping namamahay, and those who lived in their
master's house, the aliping sagigilid. One acquired the
status of a serf or a slave by inheritance, failure to pay debts
and tribute, commission of crimes and captivity in wars
between barangays.