Download to read offline
![Access to
Electricity
Sri Lanka has achieved near
100% electrification
34
Source: Ceylon Electricity Board, “Long-term Generation Expansion Plan –
2022-2041 (Draft),” Transmission and Generation Planning Branch,
Transmission Division, Ceylon Electricity Board, Colombo, Sri Lanka.
Available at:
https://ceb.lk/front_img/img_reports/1636539187LTGEP_2022-
2041_Web_compressed.pdf
Source: Ministry of Power and Renewable Energy, Report on
“Performance 2017 and Programmes for 2018,” [Online].
Avaialable at: http://powermin.gov.lk/english/wp-
content/uploads/2017/10/MoPRE-2017.2018-03-English.pdf .
Retrieved on 2 Nov 2018.
Electrification – 99.7%
(October 2017)](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/powersystemsi-230727103956-a454ef57/75/Power-Systems-I-Introduction-to-power-systems-new-pptx-34-2048.jpg)
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- 1. EE 2033 –Power Systems I Introduction to power systems by Dr. Lidula N. Widangama Arachchige Department of Electrical Engineering University of Moratuwa, Sri Lanka 1
- 2. An Electric PowerSystem • Definition: – a network of components that is well designed and structured to efficiently transmit and distribute electrical energy produced by generators to locations where it is utilized 2
- 3. History of ElectricPower Systems Year Detail 1879 Electric light by Thomas A. Edison 1882 First Electric power system by Thomas A. Edison at Pearl Street Station in NY. - DC system, 59 customers, 1.5 km in radius - DC generators driven by steam engine, 30 kW load at 110 V, underground cable, incandescent Lamps 1882 First water-wheel driven dc generator installed in Appleton, Wisconsin by Thomas A. Edison 1884 First DC motor developed by Frank J. Sprague (Father of Electric Traction) 3
- 4. History of ElectricPower Systems cont… Year Detail 1885/ 1886 Limitation of DC become apparent • High losses and voltage drop. • Transformation of voltage required. First commercially practical transformer and AC distribution (150 lamps) developed by William Stanley of Westinghouse 1888 Nikola Tesla developed AC poly-phase systems and had patents of motors, transformers, etc. Westinghouse bought the patents. 4
- 5. History of ElectricPower Systems cont… Year Detail 1889/ 1890 First AC transmission system in USA between Willamette Falls and Portland, Oregon. Single phase, 4 kV, over 21 km 1891 The first three-phase line in Germany became operational transmitting power 179 km at 12 kV. 1893 The first three-phase line in the United States (in California) became operational, transmitting power 12 km at 2.3 kV. 5 Source: J. Duncan Glover, Thomas Overbye, Mulukutla S. Sarma, “Power System Analysis and Design,” 6th edition, Cengage Learning, USA, 2017, ISBN: 978-1-305-63213-4.
- 6. Transmission Voltages andSystem Frequency Year 1893 1897 1913 1922 1923 1935 1953 1965 1966 1969 1990s Transmission Voltages (Highest) 2.3 kV 44 kV 150 kV 165 kV 220 kV 287 kV 330 kV 500 kV 735 kV 765 kV 1100 kV Frequency Earlier Frequencies were 25, 50, 60, 125 and 133 Hz; Sri Lanka, UK - 50 Hz, USA - 60 Hz Which Frequency is better? • The advantage of higher frequency is that generators, motors, and transformers in these systems are generally smaller than lower frequency equipment with the same ratings. • The advantage of lower frequency systems is that transmission lines and transformers have smaller reactances at lower frequencies than at higher frequencies. 6
- 7. New Transmission Technologies •High Voltage Overhead Transmission – Voltage up to 1200 kV HVAC, ± 800 kV HVDC – High EM radiation and noise – High corona loss – More right-of-way clearance • Gas Insulated Cables/Transmission lines • HVDC-Light – Power transmission through HVDC utilizing voltage source converters with insulated gate bipolar transistors (IGBT) 7
- 8. Developments in Generation •Combined Cycle Power Plants • Distributed Generations – Solar PV – Wind Power (up to 6 MW) – Fuel Cells – Biomass etc. • Powerformer Energy System 8
- 9. Developments in Operation •Power System Restructuring (Deregulation) • Microgrids • Smartgrids 9
- 10. History of ElectricityDevelopment in Sri Lanka 10 Year Description 1882 Sri Lanka was able to witness electricity for the first time from the ship SS Helios, which sailed into Colombo harbor 1890 The first electric bulb was lit with electricity in Ceylon, at the Billiard room in Bristol Hotel, Colombo Fort with the power generated by a diesel generator. 1895 The first scheme of electrification in Colombo by Messrs Boustead Bros. A power station was established in Bristal building , Fort, Colombo and supplied electricity for lighting few mercantile offices and some government buildings in the Fort area. Electricity Ordinance No. 5 of 1895 enacted. This act facilitated Supply and Use of electricity only.
- 11. History of ElectricityDevelopment in Sri Lanka cont.. 11 Year Description 1899 United Planters Company constructed the Colombo Electric Tramways. 1902 Formed the Colombo Electric Tramways and Lighting Co. Ltd. and constructed the Pettah Power Station in Gas Works Street. The electricity supply was initially to government and mercantile offices beside the tramways and then it was gradually extended to Galle Face and Kolpitiya and several houses were given connections. 1905 The Colombo Gas Company installed a generating station and supplied electricity to the Kandy town. The supply was taken over by Kandy Municipality in 1922.
- 12. History of ElectricityDevelopment in Sri Lanka cont.. 12 Year Description 1906 Electricity Ordinance No. 26 of 1906 enacted, which enabled local authorities to operate electricity supply schemes. 1912/ 1913 The government commissioned a small hydro power house at Black Pool and inaugurated the Nuwara Eliya Electricity Scheme proposed by Mr. D.J. Wimalasurendra. 1918 Mr. D.J. Wimalasurendra submitted project report on “Economics of Hydro Power Utilization in Ceylon” to the Engineering Association. Father of hydro electricity in Sri Lanka
- 13. History of ElectricityDevelopment in Sri Lanka cont.. 13 Year Description 1920 After this year, some local authorities: Gampaha, Veyangoda, Ja-Ela, Peliyagoda, Kochchikade, Awissawella and Minuwangoda generated electricity using diesel generators and supplied electricity. 1927 Established the Department of Government Electrical Undertakings (DGEU) to take over and run the Colombo electricity supply business. 1929 A thermal power station (Steam - 3 MW) on the banks of Dematagoda ela was commissioned and named after the Governor, Sir Stanley. 1935 Electricity Board Establishment Ordinance No. 38 of 1935 1937 Electricity Board was dissolved in 1937 and DGEU was re-established
- 14. History of ElectricityDevelopment in Sri Lanka cont.. 14 Year Description 1950 Lakxapana Hydro Power station was commissioned 1951 Distributed electricity in Jaffna purchasing from Kankasanthurai Cement Factory by the DGEU 1955 Started rural electrification works by supplying electricity to Arukkwatta and Webada villages 1969 The “Ceylon Electricity Board” was established as a Government Statutory Board on November 1, 1969 under the Parliament Act No. 17 of 1969 for the development and coordination of the generation, supply and distribution of electrical energy.
- 15. History of ElectricityDevelopment in Sri Lanka cont.. 15 Year Description 1983 Lanka Electricity Co. Pvt Limited was established to take over the ailing local authority distribution networks. Initial share capital was provided by CEB and UDA 1998 First independent Power Project (51MW) commissioned by Asia Power Pvt Ltd at Sapugaskanda 2002 Energy Supply (Temporary Provisions) Act, No. 2 of 2002 enacted by the Parliament Electricity Reform Act, No. 28 of 2002 enacted by the Parliament Public Utilities Commission Act, No. 35 of 2002 enacted by the Parliament 2003 Certain Chapters of the Electricity Reform Act, No. 28 of 2002 became operative 2004 Trade Unions oppose further action under the Electricity Reform Act, No. 28 of 2002
- 16. History of ElectricityDevelopment in Sri Lanka cont.. 16 Year Description 2005 A concept paper to map out the future of the electricity industry was prepared 2006 Two bills to amend Electricity Reform Act No. 28 of 2002 and Ceylon Electricity Board Act, No 17 of 1969 published in the Gazette 2008 Sri Lanka Electricity Bill published in the Gazette 2009 Sri Lanka Electricity Act, No. 20 of 2009 was enacted, incorporating the amendments proposed by the Ministerial sub-committee and the Trade Unions. Electricity Reform Act No. 28 of 2002 was repealed. 2013 An amendment to Sri Lanka Electricity Act passed by the Parliament (Act No 31 of 2013) Source: Ceylon Electricity Board, “Historical Data Book – 1969-2015,” Statistical Unit, Corporate Strategy & Regulatory Affairs Branch, Corporate Strategy Division, Ceylon Electricity Board, Colombo, Sri Lanka. Available at: https://ceb.lk/publication_media/other-publications/43/en
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- 18. Commissioning of CEBHydropower Stations 18
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- 20.
- 21.
- 22. Commissioning of CEBThermal Power Stations 22 Source: Ceylon Electricity Board, “Historical Data Book – 1969-2015,” Statistical Unit, Corporate Strategy & Regulatory Affairs Branch, Corporate Strategy Division, Ceylon Electricity Board, Colombo, Sri Lanka. Available at: https://ceb.lk/publication_media/other-publications/43/en
- 23. Location of Existing & Committed Power Stations 23 Source:Ceylon Electricity Board, “Long-term Generation Expansion Plan – 2022-2041 (Draft),” Transmission and Generation Planning Branch, Transmission Division, Ceylon Electricity Board, Colombo, Sri Lanka. Available at: https://ceb.lk/front_img/img_reports /1636539187LTGEP_2022- 2041_Web_compressed.pdf
- 24. Generation Statistics –Sri Lanka 24 Source: Ceylon Electricity Board, “Statistical Digest 2020,” Available at: https://ceb.lk/front_img/img_reports/1626946210CEB-
- 25. Comparison of GenerationShare Against World Scenario Sri Lnakan Scenario 25 World Scenario Source: Ceylon Electricity Board, “Long-term Generation Expansion Plan – 2022-2041 (Draft),” Transmission and Generation Planning Branch, Transmission Division, Ceylon Electricity Board, Colombo, Sri Lanka. Available at: https://ceb.lk/front_img/img_reports/ 1636539187LTGEP_2022-
- 26. Renewable Energy Sharein the Recent Past- Sri Lanka 26 Source: Ceylon Electricity Board, “Long-term Generation Expansion Plan – 2022-2041 (Draft),” Transmission and Generation Planning Branch, Transmission Division, Ceylon Electricity Board, Colombo, Sri Lanka. Available at: https://ceb.lk/front_img/img_reports/16365 39187LTGEP_2022- 2041_Web_compressed.pdf Other Renewable Energy Capacity Development
- 27. Power System of SriLanka 27 Source: https://ceb.lk/transmission/en
- 28. Schematic of aPower System 28
- 29. Electricity and Economy •Electricity demand growth rate has most of the times shown a direct correlation with the growth rate of the country’s economy 29 Source: Ceylon Electricity Board, “Long- term Generation Expansion Plan – 2022- 2041 (Draft),” Transmission and Generation Planning Branch, Transmission Division, Ceylon Electricity Board, Colombo, Sri Lanka. Available at: https://ceb.lk/front_img /img_reports/16365391 87LTGEP_2022- 2041_Web_compressed. pdf
- 30. Per Capita ElectricityConsumption 30 Source: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/330643664_Fi nancial_development_and_environment_in_South_Asia_ the_role_of_institutional_quality/figures Source: Ceylon Electricity Board, “Long-term Generation Expansion Plan – 2022-2041 (Draft),” Transmission and Generation Planning Branch, Transmission Division, Ceylon Electricity Board, Colombo, Sri Lanka. Available at: https://ceb.lk/front_img/img_reports/1636539187LTGE P_2022-2041_Web_compressed.pdf
- 31. Change in AverageDaily Load Curve – Sri Lanka 31 Source: Ceylon Electricity Board, “Long-term Generation Expansion Plan – 2022-2041 (Draft),” Transmission and Generation Planning Branch, Transmission Division, Ceylon Electricity Board, Colombo, Sri Lanka. Available at: https://ceb.lk/front_img/img_reports/1636539187LTGEP_2022-2041_Web_compressed.pdf
- 32. Total Installed Capacityand Peak Demand – Sri Lanka 32 Source: Ceylon Electricity Board, “Long-term Generation Expansion Plan – 2022-2041 (Draft),” Transmission and Generation Planning Branch, Transmission Division, Ceylon Electricity Board, Colombo, Sri Lanka. Available at: https://ceb.lk/front_img/img_reports/1636539187LTGEP_2022-2041_Web_compressed.pdf
- 33. Sectorial Consumption ofElectricity – Sri Lanka 33 Source: Ceylon Electricity Board, “Long-term Generation Expansion Plan – 2022-2041 (Draft),” Transmission and Generation Planning Branch, Transmission Division, Ceylon Electricity Board, Colombo, Sri Lanka. Available at: https://ceb.lk/front_img/img_reports/1636539187LTGEP_2022-2041_Web_compressed.pdf Sectorial Consumption of Electricity (2020) Sectorial Consumption of Electricity (2001 - 2020)
- 34. Access to Electricity Sri Lankahas achieved near 100% electrification 34 Source: Ceylon Electricity Board, “Long-term Generation Expansion Plan – 2022-2041 (Draft),” Transmission and Generation Planning Branch, Transmission Division, Ceylon Electricity Board, Colombo, Sri Lanka. Available at: https://ceb.lk/front_img/img_reports/1636539187LTGEP_2022- 2041_Web_compressed.pdf Source: Ministry of Power and Renewable Energy, Report on “Performance 2017 and Programmes for 2018,” [Online]. Avaialable at: http://powermin.gov.lk/english/wp- content/uploads/2017/10/MoPRE-2017.2018-03-English.pdf . Retrieved on 2 Nov 2018. Electrification – 99.7% (October 2017)