Percentages allow quantities to be expressed as fractions of 100 and are often denoted with the percent (%) sign. They are useful for visualizing parts of a whole and in areas like finance, discounts, interest rates, sales commissions, and tracking increases or decreases over time. To calculate a percentage, the percentage is converted to a decimal by dividing by 100 and then multiplied by the original quantity. Percentages can be added to find total amounts including taxes or subtracted to determine discounted prices.

1. PercentageApplications GeneralitiesaboutPercentage

2. What does percentage mean? In mathematics, a percentage is a way of expressing a number as a fraction of 100 (per cent meaning "per hundred". It is often denoted using the percent sign, "%". For example, 45%) read as "forty five percent" is equal to 45 / 100, or 0.45.

3. Why are percentages necessary? It allows us to better visualize how much of a whole is being represented also is important for other things such as finance and interest rates. Shops advertise discounts on products. These discounts are percentages."Up to 50% off marked prices“ Financial institutions quote interest charged to the client on loans, or interest paid for money invested, as a percentage. "Housing Loans-4.95% p.a. for the first 12 months"Interest paid may be as Simple Interest or Compound Interest. Companies describe their success or failure as an increase or decrease in profit levels."C-Company profit down by 15% for the last financial year“ A salesperson may be given a commission as payment for selling goods. The commission can be a percentage of the sales made. "Position Vacant: 20% commission on all sales to the successful applicant.“ Articles such as antiques or jewelery may increase in value as time goes by-appreciation. Items such as equipment and machinery usually decrease in value-depreciation

4. When do we add a percentage? Weadd a percentagewhentheprice of anitem at a shop has tax. Anotherexample of addedpercentagesiswhen at a restaurant a certainamountispaid as a tip. A thirdsituationwouldbewhenanamount has increasedover a period of time: forexample , theprice of anitem, theminimumwageorthepopulation of a country fromoneyeartoanother.

5. When do we subtract a percentage? Thefirstsituationwouldbewhenanitem in a shop has a discount. Anotherinstancecouldbewhenwewanttoknowthe original price of anitemwhich has a taxonit.

6. How do wefindthepercentof anamount? Exercise: findthe 17% of $65 Steps: Changethepercentto decimal : 17% = 0.17 Multiplytheamountbythe decimal : 65x0.17 Theproductisthe 17% of 65. 65x0.17 = 11.05

7. Addingpercents Sometimeswehavetopaytaxes. Example: I am goingtobuy a sweater whose regular priceis $65. Butit has a tax of 17%. In this case, wehavetoaddthepercent. Sincewealreadyknowthat 17% of 65 is 11.05, theonlystep I havetofollownowistoaddthislastamounttothe original price: 65+11.05 = 76.05 Thelastamountisthe total price I havetopayforthecoat: $76.05

8. Applydiscountpercent Once youhavefoundthepercent of anamount, yousubtractitfromthe original price, ifthesituationcallsfor a discount. Example: I am goingtobuy a coatwhose regular priceis $65, buton sale it has a discount of 17%. Howmuch do I havetopay? Steps: I alreadyknowthat the17% of 65 is = 11.05 Now I subtractitfromthe original price: 65 – 11.05=53.95 Thedifference: $53.95 isthe final amount I am goingtopay.