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The research framework and Methodology, These two elements serve as the backbone of study, guiding its design and execution, and ultimately determining its validity and reliability.
The Research framework, also known as theoretical or conceptual framework, provides the overall direction for the study. It outlines the key concept, theories, or ideas that that underpin the research, and maps the research, and maps out how these are related to each other. it provides a lens through which the researcher views the world and shapes the questions they ask, the data they collect, and how they interpret this data.
On the other hand, the research Methodology, refers to the specific procedures or techniques used to identify, select the process, and analyze information. It includes the research design, the sampling method, the data collection technique, and the statistical tools used for data analysis. The methodology ensures that the research is conducted in a systematic, logical, and unbiased manner.
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As we delve deeper into these topics, we will explore their importance in ensuring the quality and integrity of research, discuss various types of research frameworks and methodologies, and provide practical tips for developing your own. Whether you are a seasoned researcher or a beginner, understanding these elements is key to conducting effective and impactful research.
What are some common research designs used in research methodology?
Research design is a critical aspect Research methodology as it provides the overall structure for the procedure the researcher follows.
Experimental Design, This design is commonly used in scientific research where the researcher manipulates one variable and observe the effect on another variable. It is typically used to establish cause and effect relationship.
Quasi Experimental Design, Similar to the experiment design, but lacks of elements of random assignment. It's often used when it's not practical or ethical to conduct a fully controlled experiment.
Descriptive design, This involves gathering detailed information about specific phenomenon or behavior without manipulating any variables. Surveys, case study, and observational research fall into category.
Correlational Design, This used to study the relationship between two or more variables without manipulating any of them. It can reveal patterns of association, but it does not establish causation.
Longitudinal Design, In this design, researchers conduct several observations of the same subjects over period of time, sometimes lasting many years
Cross sectional design, This involves looking at different groups of people who differ in one key characteristic at one specific point in time
Remember, the choice research design depends on the res
The process of developing a PRS varies greatly because it takes place in different countries, under different kinds of governments and circumstances. In general, though, the process can be thought of in terms of several phases, although certain elements, particularly participatory processes, may run throughout.
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Research Framework and Methodology .pptx Situation Analysis.AnaLyn523989
The research framework and Methodology, These two elements serve as the backbone of study, guiding its design and execution, and ultimately determining its validity and reliability.
The Research framework, also known as theoretical or conceptual framework, provides the overall direction for the study. It outlines the key concept, theories, or ideas that that underpin the research, and maps the research, and maps out how these are related to each other. it provides a lens through which the researcher views the world and shapes the questions they ask, the data they collect, and how they interpret this data.
On the other hand, the research Methodology, refers to the specific procedures or techniques used to identify, select the process, and analyze information. It includes the research design, the sampling method, the data collection technique, and the statistical tools used for data analysis. The methodology ensures that the research is conducted in a systematic, logical, and unbiased manner.
Together, the research framework and methodology form the blueprint of the research. they ensure that the study is grounded in existing knowledge, follows a clear and coherent structure, and employs rigorous and appropriate methods.
As we delve deeper into these topics, we will explore their importance in ensuring the quality and integrity of research, discuss various types of research frameworks and methodologies, and provide practical tips for developing your own. Whether you are a seasoned researcher or a beginner, understanding these elements is key to conducting effective and impactful research.
What are some common research designs used in research methodology?
Research design is a critical aspect Research methodology as it provides the overall structure for the procedure the researcher follows.
Experimental Design, This design is commonly used in scientific research where the researcher manipulates one variable and observe the effect on another variable. It is typically used to establish cause and effect relationship.
Quasi Experimental Design, Similar to the experiment design, but lacks of elements of random assignment. It's often used when it's not practical or ethical to conduct a fully controlled experiment.
Descriptive design, This involves gathering detailed information about specific phenomenon or behavior without manipulating any variables. Surveys, case study, and observational research fall into category.
Correlational Design, This used to study the relationship between two or more variables without manipulating any of them. It can reveal patterns of association, but it does not establish causation.
Longitudinal Design, In this design, researchers conduct several observations of the same subjects over period of time, sometimes lasting many years
Cross sectional design, This involves looking at different groups of people who differ in one key characteristic at one specific point in time
Remember, the choice research design depends on the res
The process of developing a PRS varies greatly because it takes place in different countries, under different kinds of governments and circumstances. In general, though, the process can be thought of in terms of several phases, although certain elements, particularly participatory processes, may run throughout.
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Topics contained:
1) INTRODUCTION
2) EVENTS IN NATIONAL POPULATION POLICY
3) OBJECTIVES
4) STRATEGIC THEMES
5) LEGISLATIVE AND PUBLIC SUPPORT MEASURES AND MEASURES FOR THE CREATION OF NEW STRUCTURES TO SUPPORT POPULATION STABILIZATOIN MEASURES
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Prepare a presentation or a paper using research, basic comparative analysis, data organization and application of economic information. You will make an informed assessment of an economic climate outside of the United States to accomplish an entertainment industry objective.
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POVERTY REDUCTION POLICIES AND (2).pptx
1. - PRIYANKA SAKTHIVEL (21P117)
- ARUNKOUSHIK R (21P118)
- RAJAMNAICKAM (21P119)
- RASHMI SREE R (21P120)
- SARAN V (21P121)
1
2. 2
S.NO TABLE OF CONTENTS
01 Introduction
02 Rural and urban poverty statistics
03 What causes poverty?
04 Poverty – Critical issues
05 Initiatives taken by the government
06 Providing a social safety set
07 Threats and Opportunities
08 Millennium Development Goals
09 TFA – The product
10 Target adopters and Strategy and action plan
11 Public Private Partnership
12 Focussed promotions
13 Timelines
14 Budget
15 Controls to ensure success
3. 3
“Sensex crossed 20,000 points !!!”
And simultaneously, India ranked 94th in
118 countries in the global Hunger Index –
behind Ethopia!
4. 4
o INDIA – 456 million or 42% population living
below poverty line.
o 33% (1.4 billion) of the global poor now reside in
India.
o Poverty has reduced by 10% over the past 5
years.
5. 5
o As per latest national sample survey,
80 million poor people living in India
o Slum population also increasing
estimates 2020 over 60 billion
peoples were living in slums.
6. o High levels of dependency on agriculture, which in turn contributes only 22% to
India’s GDP.
o High levels of dependency on primitive methods of agriculture.
o High level of inequality among urban and rural areas.
o High population growth rate.
o Unemployment and under employment.
o Low level of literacy.
o Social factors such as caste system, religious bias, etc.
6
7. It affects not only the economy, but the very fabric of any society.
o Health - Children born in poverty or more likely to have lower birth rate and
higher infant mortality.
o Debts and trappings of dept - home loan, educational loan, etc.
o Inaccessibility to education.
o Increase in crime and anti social activities - Terrorism breeds highest in poor
areas.
7
POVERTY CREATES POVERTY
8. 1980s
Food for work program
Jawahar Rozgar Yojna
8
1960s
National rural employment program
Rural landless employment
guarantee
2000s
Sampoorna Grameen Rozgar Yojna
Indira Awaas Yojna
2022s
Pradhan Mantri Awaas Yojna
Housing for all
9. o Rural employment guarantee,
o The targeted public distribution system,
o Provision of homestead sites,
o Implementation of land reforms,
o The National Rural Health mission,
o Various types of crop and livestock insurance,
o Old age pensions, etc.
9
10. o Increasing divide between rural and urban incomes,
o Access to information but not access to livelihood thus increasing anti-social
activities,
o Low media penetration in rural areas,
o High levels of corruption,
o High levels of bureaucracy.
10
11. o Rising GDP and growth rate of the country,
o Globalization and international exposure,
o Urban India’s increasing awareness,
o Right of Information Act,
o Distant urban-rural divide,
o Public private partnership (PPP).
11
12. MDGs - eight international development goals – 192 United Nations member states
– 23 international organizations.
o Goal 1- eradicate extreme poverty and hunger.
o Goal 2 - achieve universal primary education.
o Goal 3 - promote gender equality and empower women.
o Goal 4 - reduce child mortality.
o Goal 5 - Improve maternal health.
o Goal 6 - combat HIV, AIDS, malaria and other diseases.
o Goal 7 - ensure environmental sustainability.
12
13. 13
OBJECTIVE – To motivate and push the
common man to ‘do something’ about poverty
TFA – Time For Action
14. Two things:
o An idea:
1. Majority of India is “poor” and it affects not only them but also “you” too
2. 40% of population is poor, India’s growth gets hampered.
3. Poverty leads to anti social activities that can affect your well being.
o A stimulus:
1. To take action now, to take that one small step, to make a difference.
2. Provide an “actionable” plan, not just abstract views.
3. Not just emotion, touch the sensibility.
14
16. 16
Most of the poverty alleviation programmes have failed due to many reasons:
1. Poor implementation,
2. Corruption,
3. Government egos and bureaucracy,
4. Lack of private organization involvement,
5. Most importantly, lack of common man’s involvement!
TARGETING – The young ‘Do-ers’
17. 17
Four core areas:
1. Education,
2. Employment,
3. Health and
4. Happiness focusing on the overall feel-good factor.
Three segments:
1. Urban segment - each one, teach one, or adopt me
2. Corporates - employment initiatives
3. NGOs - health
19. 19
The success of the campaign will lie in its accessibility and in simplicity of execution.
Focussed promotions such as:
o Corporate ‘Enlightenment’ program – select metros and the spot volunteer
registration
Example: tie up with TEACH INDIA
o Feed One Child – Feed ‘value’ of one popcorn to one poor person conducted at movie
theatres
o NGOs like Oxfam, IDEI, End poverty, Asha – employment opportunities and
providing health facilities
20. 20
o It is imperative that the poor people feel motivated enough to go that extra mile.
o Village promotions:
1. Video mobiles showing one village boy who studied and is now in a suit!
2. Street plays delivering the message of mother’s health being critical for the children’s
growth.
3. Demonstration of benefits of being employed and self-dependent
4. Promotional material providing contact details of the organizations that work for the
campaign.
21. 21
Since the campaign is based around immediate action, it will be planned for period of 2
years.:
o Year one - Divide into 2 parts
1. Awareness and intensive “noise” about the campaign.
2. Collating, organising, pooling together all the resources for a final implementation
and execution.
o Year two
Will be focused only on execution and implementation with the communication tone
changing to “see the difference you can make”.
23. 23
o Constant monitoring of the initiatives at the implementation through third party
will be done from the start.
o Quantitative and qualitative research will help to edit, delete, add and improvise
the steps in the program.
o The PPP will also ensure transparency as each party will want to maximise its
ROI.
o Continuous consumer research will enable the acting was to understand their
attitude and response towards the campaign and its effectiveness.
24. 24
o Issue at hand - poverty
o Issue of poverty in India and its extent
o A communication plan has been designed basis they give an existing factors,
learnings from the past programmes adopted by various bodies.
o Through a mass communication and community focused activities, the campaign
will aim to stimulate action among the target adapters.