Africa is one of the less developed continents experiencing widespread poverty. Lack of access to clean drinking water, which over 1 billion people in Africa do not have, is a major overlooked cause of poverty. Conflict also exacerbates poverty as corrupt dictatorships rule without respecting human rights and treat citizens poorly. The effects of poverty include malnutrition, illiteracy, hunger, homelessness and increased disease. Hunger is also both a cause and effect of poverty, as most individuals cannot afford decent meals due to low currency values.