This document discusses poultry vaccine application and equipment. It covers various topics including vaccine types, storage and handling, and different administration techniques. The main types of poultry vaccines are live attenuated and inactivated vaccines, which can be in liquid, freeze-dried, or dust form. Proper storage between 2-8 degrees Celsius is important to maintain vaccine potency. Administration techniques include drinking water, spray, eye drop, wing web injection, and in-ovo injection. Proper cleaning and use of equipment is important to avoid contamination.

1. Poultry Vaccine Application &
equipment
Presented by:
Salah Abdallah
Khartoum-sudan2017

2. Topics
 Type of Vaccine
 Storage & Handling of vaccines
 Administration Techniques
 APPLICATION OF VACCINE:
 Drinking water
 Spray Method
 Intranasal/Eye Drop Application
 Wing-Web method
 Injection
 In-ovo Administration
 Warnings
 Equipment

3. Vaccine Types Available
according to : how it infects cells and how the immune system responds to it
o Live, attenuated vaccines
o Inactivated vaccines
o Subunit vaccines
o Toxoid vaccines
o Conjugate vaccines
o DNA vaccines
o Recombinant vector vaccines
There are two main types of vaccines available for poultry
 Live attenuated vaccines
 Inactivated vaccines

4. production mainly in three forms:
Liquid , Freeze dried , Dust
 Liquid vaccine – it is in fluid form ready to use.

5. Freeze dried vaccine
The vaccine is stored as one pack of freeze dried
material or with one pack of diluents, often asterile
saline solution. These have to be combined before
use .

6. Dust vaccine
where the vaccine is prepared for administration
in the dry form

7. Storage & Handling of vaccines
 Vaccine has been transported in
chilled or frozen state.
 Use a validated cool box and ice packs.
 Monitor maximum/minimum temperature,
 Vaccines must be stored and
transported within the required
temperature range of
+2ºC to +8ºC at all times

8. Handling & storage
Check and log temperature twice a day.
 Stock only a one month supply.
 Never leave vaccine outside the refrigerator.
 Open the door only when necessary.

9. Fonts - Good
 Use at least an 18-point font
 Use different size fonts for main points and
secondary points
– this font is 24-point, the main point font is 28-point,
and the title font is 36-point
 Use a standard font like Times New Roman or
Arial
Vaccine can lose their potency and effectiveness if
they are exposed to temperatures (heat and/or cold)
Don’t store vaccine on the door shelves
Protect from exposure to direct sunlight
Stock vaccine on a first-in is the first used basis

10. Administration Techniques
1. Drinking water
2. Spray @ day of age
3. Eye drop Method
4. wing web Method
5. Injection - intramuscular or subcutaneous.
6. In-ovo Administration

11. APPLICATION OF VACCINE:
Drinking water
Ideally should only be used in birds of more than
one week old
 The recommended technique observes the
following:
 All equipment used for vaccination is carefully cleaned
and free of detergents and disinfectants
 Only cold, clean water of drinking quality should be
used

12. Drinking water
 Allow the birds to become thirsty, 60 mins to 2 h or longer
(depending on climate and thirst) before distributing the vaccine
solution.
 Detrimental effects of the chlorine By added
skimmed milk or VACSAFE- TABLETS.

13. Drinking water
 Open the stopper of vaccine bottle under water
 Completely empty the whole water system.
Make sure that all water present is drained out,
especially in the bottom of the
Tank and in the lowest points of
The piping
system.

15. Spray Method
 Dissolve freeze-dried vaccine in cool, clean, non-
chlorinated water which is free from iron and chlorine.
 Open vials under water.
 Spray over fowls, at
a distance of 30 to 40cm,
in dim light.

16. Dissolve 1000 doses per .25 L of water and set the
nozzle to produce fine droplets falling like fine rain.
 Fin drop for
old fowls
 Cross drop for
chicks

17. Intranasal/Eye Drop Application
 Dissolve vaccine in the Diluents Oculo-Nasal or
Normal saline
and administer
by means of
Standardized
Dropper
30 ml per1000
Doses.

18. Intranasal/Eye Drop Application
 One drop should be applied from a height of a
few centimeters onto one nostril or eye.
 The handler should
ensure that the nasal
drop is inhaled
by the fowl.
The diluent contains a dye

19. Intranasal/Eye Drop Application
As an eye drop application, the drop should be allowed to
spread evenly across the surface of the eye.

20. Wing-Web method
 The vaccine is supplied with diluent and double needle.
 Dip the wing-web needle (double needle) into the
reconstituted vaccine solution making
sure that both grooves are filled.

21. Wing-Web method
 The needle is inserted through the wing-web taking
care to avoid feathered parts of the web. Avoid
touching the bone when applying the vaccine.
 Dip the wing-web
needle into the
re-constituted vaccine
solution before every
application.

22. Injection
Intramuscular or subcutaneous for oil and aluminium hydroxide adjuvanted
The site of administration is most commonly into the
breast, leg though or
lower neck.
Used the SuitableNeedle
according to age

23. Injection
vaccine bottle must be gently shaken regularly

24. In-ovo Administration
This is a process by which vaccine is administered into
fertile eggs via the air cell

25. Warnings
 Vaccinate healthy fowls only
 Do not mix the vaccine with other vaccines.
 Do not open and reconstitute the vaccine until ready to start
vaccination.
 Avoid contamination with traces of disinfectant
or spirit

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