Summer managment of poultry diseases nvk

www.poultrykarnataka.netDr. Nitin V Kurkure

Facts
• Aspects of poultry production have changed through
the 2000 and beyond 2010.
– Birds have different genetic characteristics,
– Much more productive,
– Changes of medication and nutrition.
– Peak summer temperatures as high as 480C (1180F), and
temperatures greater than 350C (960F) have been
occurring more regularly.
– Temperatures have a major impact on performance of
commercial poultry.
• Time to re evaluate summer management

Summer
• March late –
-start June
• Temperature range
• Humidity
• Rates of broilers

How is heat produced in body
• Includes
– maintenance, growth and egg production.
• Heat production is affected by
– body weight,
– species and breed,
– level of production,
– level of feed intake,
– feed quality,
– to a lesser extent, by the amount of activity and exercise.
 1000 Laying hens produces equivalent of burning 231 lit. of furnace oil

Other source of heat in shed
• Roof and walls
• In hot weather, damp litter
• Electric lights and motors (very small fraction)
Body heat is the dominant source of heat.

How heat is loss from body
1-RADIATION :
2-CONDUCTION:
3-CONVECTION:

4-EVAPORATION (Panting)
Panting removes heat by
evaporation of water from
the moist lining of
respiratory trans.
540 times of respiration for
1 ml of water. (540 Calories
of Energy / ml water lost)
Physiological effect of
Panting.

Very important at high
temperatures as poultry do
not sweat but depend on
panting.
This is only effective if the
humidity is low.
Hot, humid conditions are
therefore much more
stressful than hot dry conditions.
4-EVAPORATION (Panting)

Heat stress
• This can occur at all ages and in all types of
poultry
Heat production Heat loss

Understanding the stress
“A deviation from
normal condition is
called the stress”.
There is redistribution
of body resources including
energy and protein at the cost of
decreased growth, reproduction
and health.

Patho-physiology of heat stress
Stage of alarm reaction (Neurogenic system)
Short term regulation of stress
• Stage of resistance or adaptation (Endocrine system)
Long term regulation of stress
• Stage of exhaustion
Fatigue of Homeostatic mechanism and death
• Stress
Activate its cooling capability by compromising other
activities like digestion and absorption

Shed temperature STRESS (3 phases)
66 – 76F - Ideal Temperature range
(19 – 25 c)
76 – 86 F - Slight reduction in feed
(25-30 c) Consumption and eggs size
86 - 90 F - Further drop in feed consumption
(30-33 c) Cooling to start before this phase STAGE OF ALARAM
>30°c
90 - 96 F – Further drop in feed consumption
(33-35c) and egg production – cooling STAGE OF
procedures to carry. ADAPTAION
96 - 100 F– Heat prostration - Emergency >35°c
(35-38c) measures increase water consumption.
Over 100 F – Survival difficult unless good cooling STAGE OF
(38C) and ventilation measures – Mortality FATIGUE
>38
HEAT STRESS

60oF / 16°C
Comfort Zone
Sitting
Head under wings
Huddling
Fluffed feathers
Increased feed consumption
Reduced activity
Shivering
Vasodilatation
Bird’s body temp.
Opening wings
Panting
Increased water consumption
Reduced feed & Activity
70oF / 21 °C
80oF / 27°C
90oF / 32°C
100oF / 38°C
110oF / 43°C
116oF / 47 °C
Mortality
Chicken’s Response To Different temperature

How does birds respond heat stress
• Try to move away from
other birds.
• Move against cooler
surfaces, such as the
block walls or into
moving air streams.
• Lift their wings away from
their bodies to reduce
insulation and expose any
areas of skin that have no
feathers.

• Elect to pant slowly.
• Rest to reduce heat
generated by
activity.
• Reduce feed intake.
• Increase water
consumption.

• Divert blood from internal organs to the skin,
which darkens skin colour.
• Begin fast panting
Stress
Normal

HEAT STRESS
Panting
⇩
Increase Respiratory Rate
⇩
Decrease CO2 level in blood
⇩
Respiratory alkalosis
Heat stress depletes Ca, K, Po4 + Na and Cl increase

SYMPTOMS OF STRESS
• Impaired growth
• Muscle degradation
• Weak skeletal development
• Anorexia
• Abnormal body temperature
• Poor feathering/feather loss
• Panting
EFFECTS OF STRESS
• Cardiovascular Diseases
• Gastrointestinal Diseases
• Metabolic rearrangement
• Mineral metabolism
•Immunosuppression
Ultimate Effect – Poor Performance

Diseases encountered in summer
• Infectious
– New Castle Diseases
– CRD/ E coli
– Infectious coreyza
– Fowl Cholera
– ILT
• Non infectious
– Heat Stroke / Painting

Summer management
OPEN SIDED HOUSES
1. WET GUNNY CURTAIN ON SIDES WITH
CIRCULATORY FANS & FOGGERS.
2. THICK HDPE CURTAINS ON SIDES WITH
CIRCULATORY FANS & FINE MISTING FOGGERS.
TUNNEL VENTILATED HOUSE
SIMPLE SYSTEM COMPRISES EXHAUST FAN AT ONE
END AND COOLING PADS AT OTHER END.

SUMMER MANAGEMENT

Summer management
WET GUNNY CURTAIN ON SIDES WITH CIRCULATORY
FANS & FOGGERS
ADVANTAGES :-
• Cooling is very effective in dry summer as hot air
passes through wet gunny curtain gets cool.
• Less use of foggers in dry summer.
DISADVANTAGES:-
• Difficult to operate in water scarcity zones.
• Huge wastage precious water.
• More electricity consumption.
• Effectiveness sharply decline in hot and humid season.
• More maintenance required.
OPEN SIDED HOUSE

Summer management

Summer management
THICK HDPE CURTAINS ON SIDES WITH
CIRCULATORY FANS & FINE MISTING
FOGGERS
• ADVANTAGES:-
1. Less water consumption compare to gunny system.
2. Less maintenance compare to side gunny system.
3. Economical.
• DISADVANTAGES:-
1. More water consumption compare to tunnel
ventilation.
2. Less fresh air movement.
3. Not effective in hot & humid season.
4. High maintenance.
5. More use of foggers.

Summer management
TUNNEL VENTILATION
SIMPLE SYSTEM COMPRISES EXHAUST FANS AT
ONE END AND COOLING PADS AT OTHER END
ADVANTAGES:-
1. Less water & power consumption.
2. Effective in all type of seasons.
3. Low maintenance.
4. Conducive for shed hygine
DISADVANTAGE:-
1. 100% Dependency on electricity.
2. Not economical for small length shed (<350ft).
3. High temperature gradient in longer sheds (>450ft).

Summer management
HOT & HUMID
• Wetting gunny curtain has limited role
• Still during day time it can be operated
to avoid heat coming from sides of the
shed.
• Pulse fogging at peak hr is better
• Ensure running of all fans to their
maximum efficiency.
• Clean dust stick to the fan blades
• Foggers should be over hanged instead
of placing them on cage top.
Inspite Of All Efforts This Season Is Difficult To Manage With This System

Summer management
Roof management
White wash Roof tops.

Provide 6 feet Side Pandal / Shamiyana in the south
side of shed to avoid sunlight falling inside the shed
× 

Roof management
Thatching of Roof tops.
Arrange sprinklers on roof top.
Summer management

Feed management
1. Addition of Vit-C, electrolyte, soda bi -carb &
small enhancement in other Vitamins.
2. Slight reduction in protein % balancing it by
adding synthetic amino acids.
3. Mould growth & feed toxins more
hence effective toxin binder can
be added.
PERIODICAL FEED TESTING FOR TOXINS LEVEL IS MUST
Summer management

Summer management
Feed management
1. Feed in cool hours of the day
2.Wet mash feeding
3. Artificial light may be provided
4. to suit the feeding in cool hours.
5. Add Betain Hcl in feed
6. Addition of KCL in feed

Summer management
TO Meet Body Requirements
 Provide extra electrolytes and minerals in
water.
 Provide extra Vitamins – C, D, B complex.

Summer management
TO Meet Body Requirements
 Feeding of chelated Chromium helps to fight
heat stress
Modulation of immune response

Summer management
Temperature 22oC 32oC
Broiler
3rd weeks
100 Ltr 210 Ltr
Broiler
6th weeks
280 Ltr 600 Ltr
Water management
WATER CONSUMPTION WITH CHANGE OF
TEMPERATURE (1000 birds)

× ×
Cover the water tanks with agro waste filled
cover with gunny
Summer management
Water management

Flushing Water from Drinker Line
Keep more than 80% water in the water tank which reduces temp
of water
Flush water from the drinker line 2 to 3 times in summer still the
chillness is felt in the palm of the hand
Water management
Summer management

Cover the exposed pipe lines with gunny cloth
× 
Water management
Summer management

Water management
Summer management
• Treat water for drinking
• Treat water used for mist and spray

Summer management
 Avoid over crowding / give more space.
 Feeders cleaning during fogging time.
 Run water in feeder channel when temp is
high
 Fly control – manure removal.

Summer management
 Do not disturb birds day time.
 Monitor shed temp. by thermometers.

www.poultrykarnataka.netDr. Nitin V KurkureThank you

Summer managment of poultry diseases nvk

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