Poster100: How research is improving response in really high stress systems: emergency seed aid in Africa
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The document discusses research on improving seed aid response during disasters in Africa. Key points include: - Research is important to understand how disasters affect seed systems and farmer vulnerability in order to design effective aid strategies. - Studies show that local seed systems are remarkably resilient during disasters and farmers often prefer local sources over aid. - Misplaced aid responses have undermined local systems and created dependencies. Research aims to guide aid to support, not undermine, existing systems.
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![How research is improving response in really high stress systems: emergency seed aid in Africa For additional information contact [email_address] or see website http:// www.ciat.cgiar.org/africa/seeds.htm Why research has to be involved in disaster R&D L. Sperling (CIAT), T. Remington (CRS), H.D. Cooper (CBD), S. McGuire (ODG), J.M. Haugen (CARE), S. Nagoda (Caritas), Teshale A. (EIAR), J. C. Rubyogo (CIAT) IMPROVED BEANS FOR THE DEVELOPING WORLD Key roles of research in improving disaster response ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Scientific findings need to be packaged as practical advice, geared for change These seed aid practice briefs have been downloaded by over 25,000 users: in English French and Portuguese. In addition USAID/OFDA, the world’s major emergency aid donor, has posted this practice brief link on its government website, right next to the grants section. Forthcoming (May 2008): When Disaster Strikes: Guide for Assessing Seed Security. [L. Sperling: Rome, Italy: CIAT] Policies have to enable better practice in concrete ways – and need to keep match state-of the art knowledge . Our analyses promoted revised international guidelines for seed aid within the UN system. Adopted 2004, new guidelines advise that ( inter alia ) : the type of aid given should be tailored to the context (drought, war, flood) , that aid should built on understanding of seed systems farmers routinely use (informal as well as formal) ; and that farmers have the right to choose, even during an emergency. http://www.fao.org/docrep/007/y5703e/y5703e00.htm As of February 2008, the nation government of Ethiopia is also launching a process for seed aid guideline development. http:// www.ciat.cgiar.org/africa/practice_briefs.htm ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],FAO: Basic Guiding Principles for Seed Relief The incidence of disasters is rising (ongoing?) in many of our core countries ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Interventions unfold in more vulnerable social + agricultural systems Disaster strikes: what happens to seed systems?. Common stereotypes assume that systems breakdown and that seed (and varieties) become unavailable and need to be supplied , quickly!. So the engine of food aid triggers a chain of support activities, including seed aid, and possible germplasm restoration. Extensive field evidence shows these assumption on seed systems to be wrong. Rarely do they totally collapse and even more rarely is ‘seed availability’ the problem. Importance of relief and market in farmers’ seed supply, during disaster periods During drought, flood, short war and long-term civil strife, research shows that local seed systems are generally remarkably resilient . Some seed comes from home stocks, and local seed grain markets fill in for the rest. In fact, even when seed aid is given, farmers often prefer to sow from local sources (including markets) as they know the varieties and trust the sellers This was true of even in extreme cases, such as post the Rwanda civil war and genocide in 1994, and in Afghanistan, 2002-03. Sperling, Cooper and Remington, 2008 adapted from Almekinders and Louwaars, 1999 There are increasingly compelling reasons for direct public sector research input: What farmers have to say Selected References Almekinders, C. and Louwaars, N. (1999) Farmers’ seed production: new approaches and practices, (London: Intermediate Technology publications, Ltd). McGuire, S. and L. Soerling , (in review) . Leveraging farmers’ strategies for coping with stress: seed aid in Ethiopia. Submitted to Global Environmental Change, Remington, T., Maroko, J., Walsh, S., Omanga, P. and Charles, E. (2002) Getting of the seed and tools treadmill with CRS seed vouchers and fairs. Disasters 26(4): 302-315. Sperling, L. H.D. Cooper and T. Remington (2008), Moving towards more effective seed aid. Journal of Development Studies , 44(4):573-600, April 2008. Sperling, L. forthcoming-( May 2008) When disaster strikes: a guide for assessing seed security. Cali: CIAT. Sperling, L., Aberra Deressa, Solomon Assefa, Teshale Assefa, S.J. McGuire, et al. (2007). Long-Term Seed Aid in Ethiopia: Past, present and future perspectives. Addis Ababa and Rome: Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research, International Center for Tropical Agriculture, and Overseas Development Group.141 pp. Sperling, L. Osborn, T. and Cooper, H.D. (2004) Towards effective and sustainable seed relief activities, Workshop on Effective and Sustainable Seed Relief Activities, 26-28 May 2003, FAO Plant Production and Protection Paper 181, Rome: FAO. Partners Scores of partners have been involved at different phases of this work, all receiving due recognition on published volumes. Listed below are collaborators who have contributed to multiple products and processes. CIAT Scientists: R. Buruchara, R. Chirwa, J.C. Rubyogo, L. Sperling Other CG Centers/Networks (especially in Seeds of Hope): IITA, ICRISAT, WARDA, CIMMYT, CIP, Bioversity , PRAPACE NARS : Ethiopia, Kenya, Burundi, Rwanda, Uganda, Malawi, Zimbabwe, Tanz., DRC Africa Regional organizations : SADCC-Seed Security Network UN Agencies : FAO NGOs : CRS, CARE, SC-USA, World Vision International and Ethiopia, Concern International, Action Aid, Overseas Development Institute, VeCo, REST. Universities : University of East Anglia, Wageningen University., Norwegian University of Life Sciences. Donors: Special recognition for Laura Powers, Julie March and Eric Witte of USAID and Wardie Leppan of IDRC. For farmers to be seed secure, three conditions must be met seed has to be available; farmers need to be able to access it; and the quality has to be sufficiently to promote healthy seed system functioning. Three essential elements of seed security Stress (i.e. different kinds of disaster) rarely undermines all three conditions simultaneously. By far, the most common post-disaster seed-related problem farmers face is reduced access. This happens as market prices go up, or because farmers no longer exchange seed, or because farmers suddenly have a long list of rather urgent needs (e.g. crucial medical assistance), just when their assets have gone down. An actual scarcity of seed, a problem of availability, is rare. It may happen when farming systems are wiped out en masse, such as with major floods. Quality concerns usually emerge only with large-scale outbreaks of pests or diseases, such as Cassava Mosaic Disease (CMD) in East Africa. In this case, the varieties routinely planted by farmers may no longer be suited to local biological conditions. The immediate challenge is to link specific seed security problems with targeted action. Misplaced responses have had various consequences: e.g. making farmers even more vulnerable, undermining local and formal markets, creating dependencies. Source: Sperling, 2008 Remington et al, 2002 Humanitarian practitioners fall into particular ‘camps’ around the aid approaches they favor. Direct Seed Distribution (DSD) proponents praise its ability to access ‘good quality’ seed and its simple logistics of procurement and delivery. Cash or voucher supporters cite enhanced farmer choice and greater circulation of project money within local economies . Seed Aid Disaster photo: CRS/E..McGaw However, the view from farmers is a much more nuanced one. No one approach a priori is better than another. They seek aid which : has little room for manipulation; gives a product they want; and which especially allows them to strategize. Studies clearly show how farmers’ strategize with emergency assistance. They may: choose their priority crops and mix modern and farmers varieties , obtain seed for the following season, wait to obtain the correct varieties based on last-minute observation of rainfall patterns, explore new crops/varieties, or obtain specific adapted crop types no longer available locally. What research highlights especially is the degree to which farmers want and can be engaged as active agents, rather than as ‘victims’ in stress periods. McGuire and Sperling, (in review, 2008) Country Trigger stress/ year Crop % of seed planted obtained through relief % seed obtained through local market Zimbabwe drought/ political instability/2003 Pearl millet 12 n/a Rwanda civil war/1995 (2 seasons) Beans 6,- 28 26- 52 Kenya drought/1997 Maize 11 39 Somalia Deyr Gu drought/2000 Sorghum 10 17 25 25 Somalia Deyr Gu Afghanistan drought/2000 civil strife 2002-2003 Maize Range of crops 3 3 5.4-7.2 33 43 n/a Element of seed security Description Availability Sufficient quantity of seed can potentially be obtained within reasonable proximity (spatial availability) and in time for critical sowing periods (temporal availability). Access People have adequate cash or other resources (for example, financial credit or friends and relatives willing to help out) to buy appropriate seed or barter for it. Quality Seed is of acceptable quality: it is healthy and useable, and its varietal attributes (genetic traits like size, shape and taste of grain) are acceptable to the farmer. Food Aid Germplasm restoration Stable Community](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/poster08-090515140842-phpapp02/85/Poster100-How-research-is-improving-response-in-really-high-stress-systems-emergency-seed-aid-in-Africa-1-320.jpg)
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It is said that “you can't manage what you don't measure”. The unprecedented global loss of agricultural species, varieties and associated traditional knowledge is of increasing concern, threatening the provisioning, regulatory, supporting and cultural ecosystem services of importance to the livelihoods of the poor as well as the welfare of broader society. Such services include such public goods as maintaining agroecosystem resilience and future option values.
Unfortunately, although many crop genetic resources (CGR) are widely recognized as being threatened, there is only limited information available regarding actual status. Only isolated efforts at monitoring have been undertaken. Conventional monitoring efforts, where they exist at all, have been subject to limitations due to ad hoc approaches that lack rigorous survey and sampling approaches, do not adequately account for search effort costs or systematically involve the participation of local-level actors, and are usually based on collections instead of direct observations in the field. Furthermore, the links between specific CGR conservation levels/configurations and the provision of specific ecosystem services are poorly understood.
There is thus an urgent need for the development of a systematic approach to the monitoring of CGR. This presentation draws on the outcome of a recent Bioversity International/CIP international expert workshop aimed at the development of such an approach. The proposed multi-scale approach builds on a wide range of existing monitoring experiences and a review of the literature related to agricultural biodiversity-relevant ecosystem services. A number of proposed indicators that could be used to assess CGR threat levels, be used for monitoring purposes and/or assist in evaluating ecosystem service public/private good trade-offs arising from agricultural intensification are presented, with a view to supporting the potential for prioritizing, designing and implementing on-farm/in situ conservation measures that actively involve farmers, support livelihoods, complement existing ex situ conservation efforts and facilitate access and benefit sharing.
Find out more about Bioversity International work on conserving crop diversity on the farm and in the wild http://www.bioversityinternational.org/research-portfolio/conservation-of-crop-diversity/
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Joern fischer addis ababa university
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Forginganewparadigmfor caribbeanagriculture
A Green Step Forward: creating a strategic, sustainable, knowledgedriven and technology-based agriculture industry in the Caribbean.
Boosting Potato Enterprise Performance among Smallholder Farmers in Tanzania ...
Smallholder potato farmers in Tanzania use different on farm risk management strategies to boost potato enterprise performance. However, knowledge on how on farm risk management strategies boost potato enterprise performance remains undocumented and scarce. Therefore, this study uses cross sectional data collected from 384 potato smallholder farmers in 2019, to first identify various on farm risk management strategies and then to determine the effect of risk management strategies on potato enterprise performance. Data is analysed by use of content analysis and descriptive statistics. Further, a multiple regression model is used to determine the effect of risk management strategies’ attributes on potato enterprise performance. First, more and effective risk management strategies such as the use of irrigation system, fungicides, accessing marketing information should be employed to boost potato enterprise performance in Tanzania. Second, since, the cost of risk management strategies had improved potato enterprise performance among smallholder farmers in Tanzania. However, the cost of employing risk management strategies is higher than the benefit potato smallholders get as a result of the strategies employed. The high costs had resulted from employing risk management strategies such as the purchase of irrigation systems during low rainfall and frost bites. Hence, potato smallholder farmers through public private partnerships between Lusitu Agribusiness Group and Tanzania Agricultural Development Bank TADB should establish a village hiring irrigation to dramatically reduce the costs associated with risk management strategies such as irrigation. Semeni Ngozi | Patience Mshenga | Isaac Maina Kariuki | Aloyce Shaban Hepelwa "Boosting Potato Enterprise Performance among Smallholder Farmers in Tanzania through Risks Management" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-1 , December 2020, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd38189.pdf Paper URL : https://www.ijtsrd.com/management/risk-management/38189/boosting-potato-enterprise-performance-among-smallholder-farmers-in-tanzania-through-risks-management/semeni-ngozi
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Agricultural biotechnology and the economics of food security and climate change mitigation presentation by "Daniel Sumner, University of California Davis, Davis, United States of America
"
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Presentation of PRELIMINARY findings at the 2016 conference on development research at Stockholm University. Focus is on the household level livelihood strategies.
Future agriculture in a changing climate
Presentation made in the AXA Chair Launch Workshop on Biosphere and Climate Impacts, in Imperial College London.
Mapping the Protein Gap - Pathways to 2050
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3. Consumer research findings are presented showing that while some are concerned with technology in food, most prioritize choice and cost, and attitudes can change when technologies offer benefits like safe, affordable food.
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Gender sensitive climate-smart agricultural practices by Patti Kristjanson 2...CCAFS | CGIAR Research Program on Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security
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Economic Challenges & Sustainability - Princes Trust Presentation
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This looks at the likely economic challenges for sustainable agriculture in Europe and the UK over the next decade or so, and makes suggestions for business approaches and policy which could help the sector to respond positivelyEnhancing Women Farmers’ Access to Climate Smart Technologies
Enhancing Women Farmers’ Access to Climate Smart Technologies CCAFS | CGIAR Research Program on Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security
Enhancing Women Farmers’ Access to Climate Smart Technologies for Rice Farming Households through Participatory Approach
Poster by Truong Thi Ngoc Chi at the 3rd Global Science Conference on Climate-Smart Agriculture in Montpellier.
Read more: http://ccafs.cgiar.org/3rd-global-science-conference-%E2%80%9Cclimate-smart-agriculture-2015%E2%80%9D#.VRurLUesXX4Twenty first century U S Farming
This document summarizes an interview with two experts on global agriculture and food security - Dr. M. Vijaya Gupta and Dr. Philip E. Nelson, who are both winners of the World Food Prize. When asked about effective actions to increase food production, they emphasize the need for technology and financial transfers from developed to developing countries. They agree that adequate global food is produced, but better distribution and storage is needed, as is addressing poverty. Dr. Gupta discusses the expansion of small-scale aquaculture, while Dr. Nelson discusses applying storage technologies to better preserve aquaculture outputs. They stress the importance of a holistic approach that includes infrastructure development and market access.
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poster12: What is a better impact message of bean researchin Africa: farm pro...
poster12: What is a better impact message of bean researchin Africa: farm pro...
What do we have to lose? Generating crop diversity and threat monitoring info...
What do we have to lose? Generating crop diversity and threat monitoring info...
Boosting Potato Enterprise Performance among Smallholder Farmers in Tanzania ...
Boosting Potato Enterprise Performance among Smallholder Farmers in Tanzania ...
Agricultural biotechnology and the economics of food security and climate cha...
Agricultural biotechnology and the economics of food security and climate cha...
Gender sensitive climate-smart agricultural practices by Patti Kristjanson 2...
Gender sensitive climate-smart agricultural practices by Patti Kristjanson 2...
Economic Challenges & Sustainability - Princes Trust Presentation
Economic Challenges & Sustainability - Princes Trust Presentation
Enhancing Women Farmers’ Access to Climate Smart Technologies
Enhancing Women Farmers’ Access to Climate Smart Technologies
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Trabajo Informatik
Este documento lista y describe 10 aplicaciones web para convertir texto a voz, incluyendo sus características, la dirección de la página web y comentarios. Las aplicaciones varían en su facilidad de uso, idiomas compatibles, límite de caracteres y si son gratuitas u ofrecen servicios de pago.
Poster94: Targeting bean research in the face of drought and climate change
Drought is a major constraint to livelihoods and agriculture in Kenya, exacerbated by soil fertility decline and other factors. Access to drought-tolerant crops and soil improvement is needed to address food insecurity. A study assessed farmers' vulnerability to drought through surveys and focus groups to inform policies that target interventions. The analysis found that diversifying income sources and intercropping can reduce food insecurity, though lack of credit limits these options for many households.
Poster52: To be drought tolerant beans should be aficionados of golfing
1) The seed testa of wild bean species in the section Rugosi, including P. filiformis, P. angustissimus, and P. carteri, have a distinctive rugose texture under scanning electron microscopy.
2) This rugose testa contains spherical microstructures that increase the surface area and allow these species to uptake more water than other wild beans, potentially aiding rapid germination in dry environments.
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Poster79: Marker assisted selection of apomixis in Brachiaria breeding throug...
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Pharma Marketing Article May 2009 Mg
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Poster94: Targeting bean research in the face of drought and climate change
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In support of SDG #2 and others, Research Program -Innovation Systems for the Drylands provide the knowledge, tools and capacity for enabling people in the drylands to transition towards sustainable and resilient farm and food systems. Some of the Priority research issues are listed in this presentation.
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The Role and Contribution of Plant Breeding and Plant Biotechnology to Sustai...
Dr. Denis T. Kyetere
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Sustainable agriculture and its effectiveness - Capstone research project
This research paper was for the Environmental Studies 400 capstone class at Central Michigan University. In this paper, I strive to understand why industrial agriculture is so unsustainable, what is being done to reach a more sustainable system, and whether or not these strives in sustainability are effective. This research project allowed me to develop my interest in the agriculture industry and learn more about this field. Coupled with a presentation to faculty members and students of the Environmental Studies program, this project allowed me to practice my research and communication skills through a topic that deeply interested me.
2015 ISHS Sustainable production for more resilient food production systems- ...
This document discusses sustainable production of African indigenous vegetables to create more resilient food production systems for smallholder farmers in sub-Saharan Africa. It focuses on vegetables like amaranth, African nightshade, spiderplant, African kale, cowpea leaves, and African eggplant. These indigenous crops require lower inputs, are adapted to local conditions, and can improve nutrition, health, and income. The document argues that strengthening African Indigenous Vegetables by improving production, postharvest handling, distribution, and consumer acceptance can provide opportunities for smallholders in the supply chain. Focus is needed on improved genetic materials, production and postharvest systems, and marketing to drive demand while creating awareness of nutritional benefits.
How does climate change alter agricultural strategies to support food security?
www.fao.org/climatechange/epic
Full paper available at: http://www.pim.cgiar.org/files/2013/03/ClimateChangeAndFoodSecurity_PrioritiesForPublicResearch.pdf
FAO-CGIAR/CCAFS Presentation delivered at the conference: “Food Security Futures:
Research Priorities for the 21st Century”, 11-12 April 2013, Dublin. It outlines the priority areas for CGIAR and FAO in relations to climate change and food security
© FAO: http://www.fao.org
Seed Saving and Global Wariming in Zimbabwe
This document summarizes a study on seed saving and climate change in Zimbabwe. The study examined how seed insecurity has contributed to prolonged food insecurity for smallholder farmers. It explored seed saving as a strategy for farmers to adapt to climate change and analyzed how national and international policies impact farmers' ability to access, market, and preserve seed varieties. The study found that improving seed availability through community seed banks, seed fairs, and multiplication projects could strengthen food security. However, current laws and policies were seen to favor commercial seed companies over smallholder farmers' practices of saving seed. Recommendations included reviewing seed aid programs and establishing policies that recognize farmers' rights and support indigenous seed systems as climate change adaptations.
Modern trends in agriculture extension in pakistan A Lecture By Mr Allah Dad...
Trends in agriculture will shape the future of farming in Pakistan. Modern techniques like increased scale and specialization, efficient production methods, and viewing farming as a business are crucial for meeting the country's growing food demands. Emerging issues like climate change, population growth, and environmental sustainability also present challenges and opportunities. Strategies going forward include innovative technologies, extension services, market integration, risk management, and developing infrastructure and human capital for a resilient agricultural system.
Agricultural Extension in India: An Overview
Farmers necessitate vast information to sustain their farmhouse activities. Information is
required not just on better and best practices & advanced technologies for production of crop
which is gained through Green Revolution but as well information about post harvest
perspectives including handling, processing, promoting, storage & marketing. Farmers need
access to convenient, firm, and pertinent information that can support intricacy inside which
their farm activities work. Even though farming expansion today has a wide array, this survey
demonstrates that in spite of pluralistic augmentation methods in India, the scope &
utilization of the said services are constrained. The purpose of this paper is to analyze rural
extension programs in of general society, private and third parts in India. The paper
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Banking for the Future: Savings, Security and Seeds
This document summarizes experiences with community seed banks in 9 countries. It discusses how community seed banks can help promote Farmers' Rights by conserving traditional varieties and knowledge, ensuring seed security, and facilitating seed exchange. Community seed banks are established and run by local communities to store and provide access to genetically diverse seeds adapted to local conditions. They complement formal seed conservation and help maintain crop diversity, though currently reach only a small number of farmers.
’Mainstreaming agrobiodiversity conservation and use in Sri Lankan agro-ecosy...
’Mainstreaming agrobiodiversity conservation and use in Sri Lankan agro-ecosy...Janathakshan Gte Ltd
Presentation by Ministry of Mahaweli Development and Environment
Technical Session 02: Climate Change Adaptation
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Livestock research for Africa’s food security and poverty reduction
Presented by Jimmy Smith, Shirley Tarawali, Iain Wright, Suzanne Bertrand, Polly Ericksen, Delia Grace and Ethel Makila at a side event at the 6th Africa Agriculture Science Week, Accra, Ghana, 15-20 July 2013
Exploring gender differentials in adoption of sustainable intensification pra...
Poster prepared by Shaibu Mellon Bedi, Bekele Hundie Kotu,Cornelis Gardebroek and Stephen Frimpong for the Tropentag 2016 Conference on Solidarity in a Competing World—Fair Use of Resources, Vienna, Austria, 19–21 September 2016
Better food safety solutions in Africa: Understanding the complex social, eco...
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Executive Summary from Proceedings of 2014 Summit on Seeds & Breeds for 21st ...
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Towards a better understanding of custodian farmers and their roles: insights...
This document summarizes a case study of custodian farmers in Cachilaya, Bolivia who play an important role in conserving crop diversity. It describes how the researchers interviewed several custodian farmers to understand their socioeconomic characteristics and motivations for conserving many traditional varieties. The study found that custodian farmers devote significant effort to growing and preserving rare and endangered crops and varieties. They serve as a valuable resource for on-farm conservation but often do not receive adequate recognition or support for their contributions. A better understanding of custodian farmers could help strengthen on-farm conservation strategies.
Securing Farmers’ Rights and Seed Sovereignty in South Africa
This policy brief discusses issues around farmers' rights and seed sovereignty in South Africa. It finds that small-scale farmers rely heavily on traditional crop varieties for food security, but these varieties and the associated indigenous knowledge are under threat. The country's policy framework for protecting these resources is uncoordinated and sometimes contradictory. The brief calls for a coherent national policy that supports small-scale farmers' rights to save, exchange and sell farm-saved seeds. It also recommends strengthening extension services, traditional agriculture research, and South Africa's participation in international agreements on plant genetic resources.
Agricultural extension needs of farmers in telfaria production and marketing
This study aimed to determine the agricultural extension needs of farmers producing and marketing fluted pumpkin (Telfaria) in Enugu North Agricultural Zone of Enugu State, Nigeria. The study found that most Telfaria farmers had low levels of production and used poor marketing strategies. Majority of farmers lacked extension contact and information on improved production and marketing techniques. Key issues identified included a lack of farm inputs, inadequate marketing channels, and constraints like poor infrastructure, technical difficulties, and financial problems. The study concluded there was a need for greater agricultural extension support to help farmers boost production, access appropriate markets, and overcome constraints through training on better production and marketing practices.
Gender and Climate Change: Does It Matter?
This document summarizes research from projects studying the links between gender, climate change, and agriculture in Ethiopia, Bangladesh, Kenya, and Mali. Some key findings:
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2) Group-based approaches and access to resources can help boost women's resilience, but women face barriers to participation.
3) Studies found gender gaps in awareness, knowledge, and roles regarding adaptation strategies. While policies aim to be gender-sensitive, implementation challenges remain.
Climate resilient and environmentally sound agriculture - Module 6
Part II - Addressing challenges
Module 6:
C-RESAP/climate-smart agriculture: supporting tools and policies
“CLIMATE-SMART” AGRICULTURE, an information package for government authorities. This online information package was written with the idea of providing an overview of the challenges that the agriculture sector - and to a certain extent the food production chain - faces to feed the world while becoming more efficient. It also explores ways to address these challenges.
©FAO
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Presentation at the 95th Governing Board meeting (Program Committee) By Resea...
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Cacao and Cadmium Research at Penn State
El taller ‘Cacao libre de cadmio’, organizado por el CIAT, CIRAD, y la AFD, se lleva a cabo del 12 al 14 de marzo en la sede del CIAT en Palmira,y tiene como objetivo integrar un consorcio de actores y disciplinas claves de la región, así como elaborar un proyecto de investigación aplicada que dé respuesta a este problema que afecta a los cacaoteros de Colombia, Perú y Ecuador. http://ow.ly/J43p30iU0UZ
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El taller ‘Cacao libre de cadmio’, organizado por el CIAT, CIRAD, y la AFD, se lleva a cabo del 12 al 14 de marzo en la sede del CIAT en Palmira,y tiene como objetivo integrar un consorcio de actores y disciplinas claves de la región, así como elaborar un proyecto de investigación aplicada que dé respuesta a este problema que afecta a los cacaoteros de Colombia, Perú y Ecuador. http://ow.ly/J43p30iU0UZ
CENTRO DE INNOVACIÓN DEL CACAO PERÚ
de la región, así como elaborar un proyecto de investigación aplicada que dé respuesta a este problema que afecta a los cacaoteros de Colombia, Perú y Ecuador. http://ow.ly/J43p30iU0UZ
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Avances de investigación en cd en cacao
El taller ‘Cacao libre de cadmio’, organizado por el CIAT, CIRAD, y la AFD, se lleva a cabo del 12 al 14 de marzo en la sede del CIAT en Palmira,y tiene como objetivo integrar un consorcio de actores y disciplinas claves de la región, así como elaborar un proyecto de investigación aplicada que dé respuesta a este problema que afecta a los cacaoteros de Colombia, Perú y Ecuador. http://ow.ly/J43p30iU0UZ
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