Self-healing technology is a new field within material technology. It represents a revolution in materials engineering and is changing the way that materials behave.
Incorporating self-healing technology into the road design process has the potential to transform road construction and maintenance processes by increasing the lifespan of roads and eliminating the need for road maintenance.
By decreasing the unnecessary premature ageing of asphalt pavements, self-healing asphalt can reduce the amount of natural resources used to maintain road networks, decrease the traffic disruption caused by road maintenance processes, decrease CO2 emissions during the road maintenance process and increase road safety. In addition to environmental savings, self-healing materials have the potential to deliver significant cost savings for road network maintenance across the EU..
There are three main self-healing technologies available for asphalt pavement design:
Nanoparticles,
Induction heating and
Rejuvenation.
This study reviews all three options and outlines the future development of self-healing asphalt technology
This document discusses the design of porous pavements for commercial facilities. It begins with an introduction to porous asphalt pavements and their benefits for stormwater management over traditional impervious surfaces. It then provides background on how porous asphalt works by allowing water to drain through the pavement into an underlying stone bed. The document discusses design considerations and issues to consider, such as soil conditions, infiltration rates, and maintenance requirements. It also provides examples of successful porous pavement installations over 20 years old and discusses the costs and construction process.
seminar topic for civil engg student - Porous Pavements.Shubham Shinde
Porous pavements are pavements that allow stormwater to pass through their surface course layer. There are three main types: porous paverblocks, porous concrete, and porous asphalt. Porous paverblocks are solid blocks with voids that initially infiltrate water at 50-75 in/hr but reduce over time. Porous concrete uses stone aggregate, cement, and sand to form voids. Porous asphalt reduces fine aggregates to allow 15-20% void space. Porous pavements are constructed in layers with excavation, geotextile, stone beds, and surface courses to store and infiltrate stormwater runoff. Their advantages include reducing runoff and flooding while increasing groundwater re
Porous asphalt pavement is one alternative solution to the problem of stormwater drainage from parking and other low traffic density areas.PA used in place of traditional impervious paving materials decreases the total amount of runoff leaving a site, promotes infiltration of runoff into the ground, reduces the amount of pollutants carried to a storm drain or waterway, and aids with reducing peak runoff velocity and volume.
“When it pours, it’s porous.”
Porous asphalt pavements offer developers and planners a new tool in their toolbox for managing storm water. These pavements, used mostly for parking lots, allow water to drain through the pavement surface into a stone recharge bed and infiltrate into the soils below the pavement. Such pavements have been proving their worth since the mid-1970s, and recent changes in storm water regulations have prompted many consulting engineers and public works officials to seek information about them
Porous asphalt pavement uses open-graded asphalt mixes and permeable bases to allow stormwater to infiltrate vertically into the subgrade. It provides stormwater management benefits like reduced runoff and groundwater recharge while requiring less drainage infrastructure. Proper design considers the soil, slope, and hydrology to determine appropriate reservoir sizing. Materials include specialized open-graded asphalt and aggregates with high void ratios. Construction requires protecting subgrades and compacting thin lifts, while maintenance involves periodic vacuuming and limited repair capabilities.
James Purcell "Porous Asphalt Pavement for Storm Water Management" March 14, ...New Jersey Future
New Jersey Future organized a panel on March 14, 2017 at the NJ Society of Municipal Engineers quarterly meeting where James Purcell presented on "Porous Asphalt Pavement for Storm Water Management".
This document discusses the design of porous pavements for commercial facilities. It begins with an introduction to porous asphalt pavements and their benefits for stormwater management over traditional impervious surfaces. It then provides background on how porous asphalt works by allowing water to drain through the pavement into an underlying stone bed. The document discusses design considerations and issues to consider, such as soil conditions, infiltration rates, and maintenance requirements. It also provides examples of successful porous pavement installations over 20 years old and discusses the costs and construction process.
seminar topic for civil engg student - Porous Pavements.Shubham Shinde
Porous pavements are pavements that allow stormwater to pass through their surface course layer. There are three main types: porous paverblocks, porous concrete, and porous asphalt. Porous paverblocks are solid blocks with voids that initially infiltrate water at 50-75 in/hr but reduce over time. Porous concrete uses stone aggregate, cement, and sand to form voids. Porous asphalt reduces fine aggregates to allow 15-20% void space. Porous pavements are constructed in layers with excavation, geotextile, stone beds, and surface courses to store and infiltrate stormwater runoff. Their advantages include reducing runoff and flooding while increasing groundwater re
Porous asphalt pavement is one alternative solution to the problem of stormwater drainage from parking and other low traffic density areas.PA used in place of traditional impervious paving materials decreases the total amount of runoff leaving a site, promotes infiltration of runoff into the ground, reduces the amount of pollutants carried to a storm drain or waterway, and aids with reducing peak runoff velocity and volume.
“When it pours, it’s porous.”
Porous asphalt pavements offer developers and planners a new tool in their toolbox for managing storm water. These pavements, used mostly for parking lots, allow water to drain through the pavement surface into a stone recharge bed and infiltrate into the soils below the pavement. Such pavements have been proving their worth since the mid-1970s, and recent changes in storm water regulations have prompted many consulting engineers and public works officials to seek information about them
Porous asphalt pavement uses open-graded asphalt mixes and permeable bases to allow stormwater to infiltrate vertically into the subgrade. It provides stormwater management benefits like reduced runoff and groundwater recharge while requiring less drainage infrastructure. Proper design considers the soil, slope, and hydrology to determine appropriate reservoir sizing. Materials include specialized open-graded asphalt and aggregates with high void ratios. Construction requires protecting subgrades and compacting thin lifts, while maintenance involves periodic vacuuming and limited repair capabilities.
James Purcell "Porous Asphalt Pavement for Storm Water Management" March 14, ...New Jersey Future
New Jersey Future organized a panel on March 14, 2017 at the NJ Society of Municipal Engineers quarterly meeting where James Purcell presented on "Porous Asphalt Pavement for Storm Water Management".
IRJET- The Study of Porous Asphalt Pavement with Emphasis in Road Constructio...IRJET Journal
This document discusses the design, construction, and performance of porous asphalt pavements. Porous asphalt is designed to both provide pavement surfaces and manage stormwater runoff by allowing water to infiltrate through the pavement. It discusses the benefits of porous asphalt, including reduced stormwater runoff and flooding, improved water quality, and reduced infrastructure costs. The document then describes the typical layers of a porous asphalt system, including the porous asphalt surface, choker course, reservoir layer, geotextile fabric, and uncompacted subgrade. It also provides details on mix design and construction methods.
This document summarizes the advantages of asphalt pavements over other pavement types such as concrete. It discusses how asphalt pavements are smooth, safe, economical, environmentally friendly, recyclable, versatile, state-of-the-art, quiet, and easy to maintain compared to other options. It provides examples and data showing the longer lifespan and lower lifetime costs of asphalt pavements.
Porous asphalt pavements with stone reservoirs can effectively manage stormwater runoff by reducing runoff volumes, filtering pollutants, and promoting groundwater recharge compared to traditional impervious surfaces. These porous pavements have been used successfully in over 200 projects nationwide for over 20 years, especially for parking lots where site conditions allow. Proper design, construction, and maintenance are important for porous asphalt to provide long-term stormwater management benefits.
This document summarizes a study on permeable concrete pavement conducted by Yamuna Evanjaline.V and Devadharshini.S at Muthayammal Polytechnic. It introduces permeable pavement as a structure that easily drains water compared to normal pavement. It then describes the types of permeable pavement, required materials which include PPC, coarse aggregate, fly ash and fine aggregates. It also discusses tests conducted on permeable concrete materials and the three systems of pavement - total infiltration, partial infiltration and full attenuation. Finally, it outlines the steps for installation and maintenance of permeable concrete pavement.
Permeable pavement allows stormwater runoff to filter through voids in the pavement into an underlying stone reservoir, where it is temporarily stored or infiltrated. There are various permeable pavement surfaces like pervious concrete and porous asphalt. The major design goals are maximizing nutrient removal and runoff reduction. Design considerations include soil infiltration rates, structural loading capacity, and reservoir layer sizing. Proper construction and long-term maintenance like periodic vacuum sweeping are required to prevent surface clogging and ensure effective performance.
Porous Pavement in Cold Climates Part 1: Design, Installation, Maintenance. Robert Roseen and Thomas Ballestero, UNH Stormwater Center (presentation given March 17, 2011)
PERMEABLE PAVEMENT SYSTEMS AND TOP MIX PERMEABLE PAVEMENTG.Ajith Kumar
This document summarizes a technical seminar presented on permeable pavement systems, specifically top mix permeable concrete. It defines permeable pavement that allows stormwater infiltration and discusses common types. It then focuses on advancements in pervious concrete, describing top mix permeable concrete as a fast-draining solution that directs stormwater runoff. The document outlines the water absorption capabilities and stormwater management benefits of top mix permeable concrete.
Green technologies like pervious concrete and porous asphalt are being increasingly used in road construction in India. Pervious concrete allows water to pass through, reducing runoff. It consists of cement, coarse aggregates, and admixtures with high porosity (16% void space). Porous asphalt also has high porosity and consists of layers of asphalt, crushed aggregates, and geotextile. Both technologies reduce stormwater runoff and promote groundwater recharge compared to conventional pavements. They also provide environmental, economic, and safety benefits.
Permeable paving is a range of sustainable materials and techniques for permeable pavements with a base and sub-base that allow the movement of storm water through the surface
Concrete is normally not permeable but Tarmac has developed a permeable concrete called Topmix Permeable that can absorb large amounts of water quickly. It is being marketed to help with flash flooding issues by allowing water to drain through the surface into an underground base. The Topmix Permeable concrete can absorb 880 gallons of water per minute per square area by using a permeable layer on top that allows water to seep through into a loose rubble base below. This helps drain stormwater and remove pollutants before returning it to the water table while also helping to cool the surface on hot days by storing water.
This document discusses pervious concrete, including its history, composition, applications, advantages, and disadvantages. Pervious concrete is a type of concrete with high porosity that allows water to pass through, helping reduce runoff. It was first used in Europe in the 1800s and came to the US after WWII. It allows stormwater to soak into the ground rather than running off surfaces, reducing flooding and pollution. Pervious concrete is composed of cement, coarse aggregates with little fine aggregates, and water. It has a variety of applications like driveways, sidewalks, and parking areas. Advantages include reducing runoff and flooding, while disadvantages include needing maintenance to avoid clogging.
Porous pavements allow stormwater to infiltrate through the pavement and into the soil below. They reduce peak runoff rates and volumes and improve water quality. Porous pavement options include asphalt, concrete, pavers, and turf reinforced products. Proper design, construction, and maintenance are required to prevent clogging and ensure the pavement functions as intended.
This document is prepared for our major project submission for B.tech degree. the project deals with improvement of compressive strength of pervious concrete with out affecting its permeability property much.
This document summarizes a study of permeable concrete pavement conducted by students. It includes an introduction to permeable pavement and its benefits. The materials required for permeable concrete are described, such as cement, aggregates, fly ash and water. Tests conducted on the materials include compression testing of concrete specimens, aggregate abrasion testing, and water absorption testing. The design of permeable pavement systems and the structural design process are overviewed. Installation and maintenance of permeable concrete are also summarized. Experimental results on concrete compressive strength are shown. Further work is identified, and references are provided.
The document summarizes a workshop about permeable paving. It discusses how permeable paving can help control stormwater runoff through infiltration and storage in aggregate layers below the pavement. Key benefits include eliminating detention ponds, replenishing groundwater, improving water quality by filtering pollutants, and providing traction control on roads by reducing ice and water. The document also provides details on permeable pavement components, soil infiltration rates, examples of permeable pavement installations, and pollutant removal effectiveness.
This document is a project report submitted by four students to fulfill the requirements for a Bachelor of Technology degree in Civil Engineering from Kakatiya University. The project investigates the effect of material proportions on the engineering properties of pervious concrete. It includes an introduction to pervious concrete, a literature review on previous studies of pervious concrete, and experimental testing and results analyzing the properties of pervious concrete mixes with varying material proportions. The report is presented to fulfill the students' degree requirements under the guidance of their project supervisor.
The document discusses different types of pavements, including flexible, rigid, semi-rigid, earthen, and WBM (water bound macadam) roads. Flexible pavements are made of asphaltic or bituminous material mixed with aggregates. Rigid pavements are made of concrete and have higher initial costs but lower long-term maintenance costs. Semi-rigid pavements use materials like lean cement concrete or soil cement that provide some rigidity. Earthen roads are simply made from native soils and become muddy when wet. WBM roads involve compacting gravel layers with water.
The document discusses different types of bituminous pavement used in highway engineering. It describes how bituminous pavement is made by mixing heated aggregates like crushed stone with heated asphalt binders. It then lists various types of bituminous pavement like asphalt concrete and discusses their properties and appropriate uses based on traffic levels. The document also discusses factors that can lead to failures of bituminous concrete pavement like excessive loads beyond the pavement's strength.
IRJET- The Study of Porous Asphalt Pavement with Emphasis in Road Constructio...IRJET Journal
This document discusses the design, construction, and performance of porous asphalt pavements. Porous asphalt is designed to both provide pavement surfaces and manage stormwater runoff by allowing water to infiltrate through the pavement. It discusses the benefits of porous asphalt, including reduced stormwater runoff and flooding, improved water quality, and reduced infrastructure costs. The document then describes the typical layers of a porous asphalt system, including the porous asphalt surface, choker course, reservoir layer, geotextile fabric, and uncompacted subgrade. It also provides details on mix design and construction methods.
This document summarizes the advantages of asphalt pavements over other pavement types such as concrete. It discusses how asphalt pavements are smooth, safe, economical, environmentally friendly, recyclable, versatile, state-of-the-art, quiet, and easy to maintain compared to other options. It provides examples and data showing the longer lifespan and lower lifetime costs of asphalt pavements.
Porous asphalt pavements with stone reservoirs can effectively manage stormwater runoff by reducing runoff volumes, filtering pollutants, and promoting groundwater recharge compared to traditional impervious surfaces. These porous pavements have been used successfully in over 200 projects nationwide for over 20 years, especially for parking lots where site conditions allow. Proper design, construction, and maintenance are important for porous asphalt to provide long-term stormwater management benefits.
This document summarizes a study on permeable concrete pavement conducted by Yamuna Evanjaline.V and Devadharshini.S at Muthayammal Polytechnic. It introduces permeable pavement as a structure that easily drains water compared to normal pavement. It then describes the types of permeable pavement, required materials which include PPC, coarse aggregate, fly ash and fine aggregates. It also discusses tests conducted on permeable concrete materials and the three systems of pavement - total infiltration, partial infiltration and full attenuation. Finally, it outlines the steps for installation and maintenance of permeable concrete pavement.
Permeable pavement allows stormwater runoff to filter through voids in the pavement into an underlying stone reservoir, where it is temporarily stored or infiltrated. There are various permeable pavement surfaces like pervious concrete and porous asphalt. The major design goals are maximizing nutrient removal and runoff reduction. Design considerations include soil infiltration rates, structural loading capacity, and reservoir layer sizing. Proper construction and long-term maintenance like periodic vacuum sweeping are required to prevent surface clogging and ensure effective performance.
Porous Pavement in Cold Climates Part 1: Design, Installation, Maintenance. Robert Roseen and Thomas Ballestero, UNH Stormwater Center (presentation given March 17, 2011)
PERMEABLE PAVEMENT SYSTEMS AND TOP MIX PERMEABLE PAVEMENTG.Ajith Kumar
This document summarizes a technical seminar presented on permeable pavement systems, specifically top mix permeable concrete. It defines permeable pavement that allows stormwater infiltration and discusses common types. It then focuses on advancements in pervious concrete, describing top mix permeable concrete as a fast-draining solution that directs stormwater runoff. The document outlines the water absorption capabilities and stormwater management benefits of top mix permeable concrete.
Green technologies like pervious concrete and porous asphalt are being increasingly used in road construction in India. Pervious concrete allows water to pass through, reducing runoff. It consists of cement, coarse aggregates, and admixtures with high porosity (16% void space). Porous asphalt also has high porosity and consists of layers of asphalt, crushed aggregates, and geotextile. Both technologies reduce stormwater runoff and promote groundwater recharge compared to conventional pavements. They also provide environmental, economic, and safety benefits.
Permeable paving is a range of sustainable materials and techniques for permeable pavements with a base and sub-base that allow the movement of storm water through the surface
Concrete is normally not permeable but Tarmac has developed a permeable concrete called Topmix Permeable that can absorb large amounts of water quickly. It is being marketed to help with flash flooding issues by allowing water to drain through the surface into an underground base. The Topmix Permeable concrete can absorb 880 gallons of water per minute per square area by using a permeable layer on top that allows water to seep through into a loose rubble base below. This helps drain stormwater and remove pollutants before returning it to the water table while also helping to cool the surface on hot days by storing water.
This document discusses pervious concrete, including its history, composition, applications, advantages, and disadvantages. Pervious concrete is a type of concrete with high porosity that allows water to pass through, helping reduce runoff. It was first used in Europe in the 1800s and came to the US after WWII. It allows stormwater to soak into the ground rather than running off surfaces, reducing flooding and pollution. Pervious concrete is composed of cement, coarse aggregates with little fine aggregates, and water. It has a variety of applications like driveways, sidewalks, and parking areas. Advantages include reducing runoff and flooding, while disadvantages include needing maintenance to avoid clogging.
Porous pavements allow stormwater to infiltrate through the pavement and into the soil below. They reduce peak runoff rates and volumes and improve water quality. Porous pavement options include asphalt, concrete, pavers, and turf reinforced products. Proper design, construction, and maintenance are required to prevent clogging and ensure the pavement functions as intended.
This document is prepared for our major project submission for B.tech degree. the project deals with improvement of compressive strength of pervious concrete with out affecting its permeability property much.
This document summarizes a study of permeable concrete pavement conducted by students. It includes an introduction to permeable pavement and its benefits. The materials required for permeable concrete are described, such as cement, aggregates, fly ash and water. Tests conducted on the materials include compression testing of concrete specimens, aggregate abrasion testing, and water absorption testing. The design of permeable pavement systems and the structural design process are overviewed. Installation and maintenance of permeable concrete are also summarized. Experimental results on concrete compressive strength are shown. Further work is identified, and references are provided.
The document summarizes a workshop about permeable paving. It discusses how permeable paving can help control stormwater runoff through infiltration and storage in aggregate layers below the pavement. Key benefits include eliminating detention ponds, replenishing groundwater, improving water quality by filtering pollutants, and providing traction control on roads by reducing ice and water. The document also provides details on permeable pavement components, soil infiltration rates, examples of permeable pavement installations, and pollutant removal effectiveness.
This document is a project report submitted by four students to fulfill the requirements for a Bachelor of Technology degree in Civil Engineering from Kakatiya University. The project investigates the effect of material proportions on the engineering properties of pervious concrete. It includes an introduction to pervious concrete, a literature review on previous studies of pervious concrete, and experimental testing and results analyzing the properties of pervious concrete mixes with varying material proportions. The report is presented to fulfill the students' degree requirements under the guidance of their project supervisor.
The document discusses different types of pavements, including flexible, rigid, semi-rigid, earthen, and WBM (water bound macadam) roads. Flexible pavements are made of asphaltic or bituminous material mixed with aggregates. Rigid pavements are made of concrete and have higher initial costs but lower long-term maintenance costs. Semi-rigid pavements use materials like lean cement concrete or soil cement that provide some rigidity. Earthen roads are simply made from native soils and become muddy when wet. WBM roads involve compacting gravel layers with water.
The document discusses different types of bituminous pavement used in highway engineering. It describes how bituminous pavement is made by mixing heated aggregates like crushed stone with heated asphalt binders. It then lists various types of bituminous pavement like asphalt concrete and discusses their properties and appropriate uses based on traffic levels. The document also discusses factors that can lead to failures of bituminous concrete pavement like excessive loads beyond the pavement's strength.
Highway failure & their maintenance seminar reportBeing Deepak
This document provides an introduction to flexible pavement design and construction. It discusses the types of pavements including flexible, rigid, and composite. It also covers materials used like cement, aggregate, sand, and bitumen. Construction methods for bituminous roads are presented including mix types like premix and various laying techniques. Highway maintenance objectives and activities are defined.
Problem 6 Like most civil engineering materials, asphalt concrete has.pdfajayelectronics
Problem 6 Like most civil engineering materials, asphalt concrete has upsides and downsides in
terms of sustainability. The Calkins text outlines many of these in Chapter 8. Often, asphalt\'s
downsides can be mitigated by alternative practices or materials Provide a discussion of one
potential environmental issue related to asphalt (A)Discuss one aspect of traditional asphalt
concrete that is unsustainable (environmentally, economically, etc.) (B) Discuss two potential
means/methods for mitigating or eliminating the issue described in (A)
Solution
Asphalt concrete is extensively used to build roads. Asphalt concrete mainly contains asphalt
which is used as a binder and some other aggregate of minerals. Asphalt layer is laid upon a base
of gravel layer to construct a stiff and dependable road. Asphalt can be categorized into different
categories depending on the laying temperature of the asphalt.
advantages of asphalt :-
Asphalt is used for highways having high volume of traffic. These roads are lower in cost and
produce lower noise making it more suitable for regular usage with safety. It also offers higher
traffic speed and is easy to repair as well
disadvantages of asphalt :-
However, Asphalt roads are less durable and become soft in hot weathers. Higher temperatures
can soft down the asphalt binder making the roads softer. Thus a heavy load on such soft surface
can deform the surface. However, very cold temperature can cause the contraction of asphalt
resulting in the formation of cracks. Good maintenance can increase the durability of the roads. It
also reduces the cost of repairing
A and B
he networks that tie our world together are indeed vast constructions, none more so than the
roadways that tie our cities, towns and villages together. Roadways the world over are
predominantly made of asphalt, an impervious, petroleum-based substance that includes
aggregate such as sand or gravel. This same product is used in the installation of the expansive
parking lots that characterize suburban development.What makes asphalt all the more
problematic is the fact that water cannot pass through it. As a result, asphalt – in addition to
paving the world over – not only dries out the ground below it, but gradually warms the
environment in which it is used.
Beyond ecological and aesthetic complexities, asphalt’s chemical makeup also represents a very
real threat in both the short and long term. For one thing, asphalt has very high thermal mass
properties through which it can retain heat generated from the sun. Said heat is slowly released
from pavement over time, creating the heat island effect, which is responsible for increasing
temperatures in some cities by as much as ten per cent relative to surrounding rural areas.
Because asphalt is manufactured out of oil, moreover, it releases substantial volatile organic
compounds (VOCs) during its production, including carcinogens benzene and toluene. Due to
the intricate molecular structure of such compounds.
A Review Work on High Frequency Induction Curing of Porous Asphalt ConcreteIJPEDS-IAES
Induction heating method is a well known process to produce heat in a localized area on a susceptible metallic object. High frequency power, a work coil and an ancillary instrument part is the basis of induction heating. It is used in industrial and domestic areas where uniform and rapid heating is absolutely essential. As it is highly needed, in this research work, the effectiveness of induction heating will be verified by different curing methods. Firstly to initiate the asphalt concrete curing by high frequency induction heating so that the concrete become durable, electrically conductive and appropriately adjusted for induction heating, steel wire mesh / GI wire mesh is employed which is a good conductor of electricity. Now when micro cracks are likely to occur in asphalt product, the temperature of the asphalt material can be made high by induction heating of the steel wire mesh / GI wire mesh due to which the micro cracks are repaired itself and cracks are repaired by the increased temperature curing of bitumen by the physical process of diffusion and flow of the material. Consequent upon the repair, pre repair of small cracks, major cracks fail to occur protecting the road and thus ravelling of the road prevented to a great extent.
Evaluation of strength and performance characteristics of cold mix bitumen us...IJLT EMAS
An attempted has been made to evaluate the strength
and performance characteristics of cold mix bitumen using
reclaimed asphalt. An experimental result obtained from
laboratory testing of the physical and mechanical parameters of
the recycled material, in which the material from the existing
pavement layers were analyses. The air void content, Marshall
stability and flow of the recycled mixtures were investigated. The
tests were performed on the road base mixtures incorporating
reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) with bituminous emulsion. It
was observed that the reclaimed asphalt was having impact
strength of 10%, crushing strength of 8.2%. It is significant to
note that the reclaimed aggregate which was subjected to loading
condition already was still showing very good strength properties.
The maximum stability obtained from optimum binder content
was 384 kg which is a very good value for a cold mix made up of
reclaimed asphalt aggregate. The flow value obtained was also
5.06 mm as observed. The aim of the tests was to evaluate the
properties of the mixes in terms of the recycled aggregates.
Satisfactory results were obtained.
The document provides an overview of the history and construction of road pavements. It discusses how ancient civilizations like the Romans were among the first to construct durable paved roads using layered structures. Key innovations in pavement construction included Thomas Telford's use of large stones in the base layer and John Macadam's use of angular aggregates. In the 19th century, binders like tar and asphalt were introduced to improve pavement durability. By the early 20th century, the main pavement types of flexible asphalt and rigid concrete had taken form. Pavements serve to support loads, provide smoothness for traffic, and allow for drainage. They are classified as either flexible asphalt pavements or rigid concrete pavements
This document discusses soil stabilization techniques for road construction. It describes how ancient civilizations like the Romans and Mesopotamians first stabilized soils by mixing limestone or calcium to improve load bearing ability. Modern techniques stabilize soil using cement or bitumen. Cement treatment involves mixing cement, soil and water to form a cement-treated base (CTB). This increases strength and reduces stresses on the subgrade. Bitumen stabilization works by waterproofing and binding soils. The document provides details on composition, construction requirements and testing for cement treatment, and the basic principles and mechanics of bitumen stabilization.
This document provides an overview of a presentation on summer training with the Uttar Pradesh Public Works Department. It discusses the roles and history of the Public Works Department and Uttar Pradesh State Bridge Corporation in constructing bridges and highways in the state. It then summarizes the different types of pavements used for roads, including flexible pavements made of bitumen and rigid concrete pavements. The document outlines the basic steps for constructing a concrete pavement, from preparing the subgrade to finishing, curing, installing joints, and opening the road to traffic.
The document discusses rigid (concrete) and flexible (asphalt) pavements. It notes that while concrete pavement has a higher initial construction cost, being around 23% more than asphalt, it has significantly lower long term maintenance costs due to its longer lifespan of 20-40 years. Concrete roads distribute loads better and are less susceptible to issues like potholes. Overall, the document argues that concrete roads are superior and more cost effective over the long run compared to asphalt roads.
This document provides an overview of pervious concrete, including its composition, benefits for stormwater management, and design considerations. Pervious concrete is a special type of concrete with a high porosity that allows water to pass through it. This helps recharge groundwater and reduce stormwater runoff compared to traditional impervious concrete. The document discusses the materials used to make pervious concrete, including cement, coarse aggregates, and little to no fine aggregates. It also reviews different paving materials like asphalt, concrete, brick, stone, tile, wood, and earth materials; and notes factors like durability, porosity, installation and maintenance costs for each.
This document provides a review and comparison of rigid and flexible pavements. It discusses the key characteristics of each pavement type, including how loads are distributed, material properties, failures, and categories. Flexible pavements distribute loads through grain-to-grain contact in granular layers, while rigid pavements use slab action. Initial costs are typically higher for rigid pavements but life cycle costs are lower due to less maintenance needs. Both pavement types are essential for transportation infrastructure and selecting the optimal type requires considering factors like material properties, loading, durability, and cost-effectiveness.
foundation and pavement lec 3 Road Construction Methods and Techniques.pptxfazl ullah
The document discusses different methods of road construction, including earth road construction, gravel road construction, asphalt road construction, concrete road construction, and water-bound macadam road construction. Each method begins with preparing the subgrade and involves compacting soil and adding layers of materials like gravel, asphalt, concrete or broken aggregates to create a durable surface that can support vehicle traffic. The various methods differ in cost, durability, and ability to withstand weather and traffic loads.
Overview of Soil Stabilization :Cement / Lime:ReportAniket Pateriya
Soil-cement is frequently used as a construction material for pipe bedding, slope protection, and road construction as a sub-base layer reinforcing and protecting the subgrade. It has good compressive and shear strength, but is brittle and has low tensile strength, so it is prone to forming cracks.
Lime can be used to treat soils to varying degrees, depending upon the objective. The least amount of treatment is used to dry and temporarily modify soils. Such treatment produces a working platform for construction or temporary roads. A greater degree of treatment supported by testing, design, and proper construction techniques--produces permanent structural stabilization of soils.
This document provides an overview of road and pavement systems. It discusses the history of road development from ancient footpaths and animal trails to modern roads incorporating asphalt and concrete. The key components of a pavement system including the embankment, subgrade, base, and pavement layers are described. Modern pavements are classified as either flexible (asphalt) or rigid (concrete), and their characteristics such as material properties, stress distribution, cracking behavior, and construction practices are compared.
Time, in the globalized world, is one of the most important factors about the economy, science and health. Mankind has made various efforts to use time efficiently for many years. In these studies transport came to the fore and it has become indispensable. In the light of today's technological conditions, air transport is developing at an increasing rate. Every day many aircrafts are produced, which have different speeds, weight and volume, for serve to transport. Therefore to make structures for easy and safe transport need a stable soil. Particularly suitable areas for the airport grounds in cities today, not being physically proper that construction of the airport made on soil with low bearing capacity, swelling potential of an expansive soil, settlement of soil etc, areas. In this study, soil problems encountered in the construction of airports will be explained and a summary of studies on the solution of these problems will be presented.
This document provides a summary of a seminar report on soil stabilization using fly ash. It discusses the objectives of studying the effects of adding lime and fly ash to clayey soil. Literature on soil structure, stabilization techniques including lime stabilization, and the mechanisms of lime stabilization are reviewed. The document describes the materials used including clay soil, fly ash, and lime. It outlines the test program that involves testing untreated clay and clay mixtures with varying percentages of fly ash and lime to determine the optimum moisture content, CBR, and unconfined compression strength.
Bitumin mixes for road report documentationkumawat123
This document provides an introduction and overview of bituminous mix design for highway construction. It discusses the objectives of bituminous mix design which are to produce a mix that is strong, durable, resistant to fatigue and deformation, environmentally friendly, and economical. The key constituents of a bituminous mix are described as coarse aggregates, fine aggregates, filler, and binder. Different types of mixes are also outlined, including dense-graded mixes and stone matrix asphalt. The document examines requirements for bituminous mixes such as stability, durability, flexibility, and workability. Foamed asphalt is defined and the evolution of mix design methods over time is reviewed.
Similar to Porous road construction _ Asphalt as a healing material (20)
LAND USE LAND COVER AND NDVI OF MIRZAPUR DISTRICT, UPRAHUL
This Dissertation explores the particular circumstances of Mirzapur, a region located in the
core of India. Mirzapur, with its varied terrains and abundant biodiversity, offers an optimal
environment for investigating the changes in vegetation cover dynamics. Our study utilizes
advanced technologies such as GIS (Geographic Information Systems) and Remote sensing to
analyze the transformations that have taken place over the course of a decade.
The complex relationship between human activities and the environment has been the focus
of extensive research and worry. As the global community grapples with swift urbanization,
population expansion, and economic progress, the effects on natural ecosystems are becoming
more evident. A crucial element of this impact is the alteration of vegetation cover, which plays a
significant role in maintaining the ecological equilibrium of our planet.Land serves as the foundation for all human activities and provides the necessary materials for
these activities. As the most crucial natural resource, its utilization by humans results in different
'Land uses,' which are determined by both human activities and the physical characteristics of the
land.
The utilization of land is impacted by human needs and environmental factors. In countries
like India, rapid population growth and the emphasis on extensive resource exploitation can lead
to significant land degradation, adversely affecting the region's land cover.
Therefore, human intervention has significantly influenced land use patterns over many
centuries, evolving its structure over time and space. In the present era, these changes have
accelerated due to factors such as agriculture and urbanization. Information regarding land use and
cover is essential for various planning and management tasks related to the Earth's surface,
providing crucial environmental data for scientific, resource management, policy purposes, and
diverse human activities.
Accurate understanding of land use and cover is imperative for the development planning
of any area. Consequently, a wide range of professionals, including earth system scientists, land
and water managers, and urban planners, are interested in obtaining data on land use and cover
changes, conversion trends, and other related patterns. The spatial dimensions of land use and
cover support policymakers and scientists in making well-informed decisions, as alterations in
these patterns indicate shifts in economic and social conditions. Monitoring such changes with the
help of Advanced technologies like Remote Sensing and Geographic Information Systems is
crucial for coordinated efforts across different administrative levels. Advanced technologies like
Remote Sensing and Geographic Information Systems
9
Changes in vegetation cover refer to variations in the distribution, composition, and overall
structure of plant communities across different temporal and spatial scales. These changes can
occur natural.
ISO/IEC 27001, ISO/IEC 42001, and GDPR: Best Practices for Implementation and...PECB
Denis is a dynamic and results-driven Chief Information Officer (CIO) with a distinguished career spanning information systems analysis and technical project management. With a proven track record of spearheading the design and delivery of cutting-edge Information Management solutions, he has consistently elevated business operations, streamlined reporting functions, and maximized process efficiency.
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His expertise extends across a diverse spectrum of reporting, database, and web development applications, underpinned by an exceptional grasp of data storage and virtualization technologies. His proficiency in application testing, database administration, and data cleansing ensures seamless execution of complex projects.
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Date: May 29, 2024
Tags: Information Security, ISO/IEC 27001, ISO/IEC 42001, Artificial Intelligence, GDPR
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This presentation was provided by Racquel Jemison, Ph.D., Christina MacLaughlin, Ph.D., and Paulomi Majumder. Ph.D., all of the American Chemical Society, for the second session of NISO's 2024 Training Series "DEIA in the Scholarly Landscape." Session Two: 'Expanding Pathways to Publishing Careers,' was held June 13, 2024.
Beyond Degrees - Empowering the Workforce in the Context of Skills-First.pptxEduSkills OECD
Iván Bornacelly, Policy Analyst at the OECD Centre for Skills, OECD, presents at the webinar 'Tackling job market gaps with a skills-first approach' on 12 June 2024
Chapter wise All Notes of First year Basic Civil Engineering.pptxDenish Jangid
Chapter wise All Notes of First year Basic Civil Engineering
Syllabus
Chapter-1
Introduction to objective, scope and outcome the subject
Chapter 2
Introduction: Scope and Specialization of Civil Engineering, Role of civil Engineer in Society, Impact of infrastructural development on economy of country.
Chapter 3
Surveying: Object Principles & Types of Surveying; Site Plans, Plans & Maps; Scales & Unit of different Measurements.
Linear Measurements: Instruments used. Linear Measurement by Tape, Ranging out Survey Lines and overcoming Obstructions; Measurements on sloping ground; Tape corrections, conventional symbols. Angular Measurements: Instruments used; Introduction to Compass Surveying, Bearings and Longitude & Latitude of a Line, Introduction to total station.
Levelling: Instrument used Object of levelling, Methods of levelling in brief, and Contour maps.
Chapter 4
Buildings: Selection of site for Buildings, Layout of Building Plan, Types of buildings, Plinth area, carpet area, floor space index, Introduction to building byelaws, concept of sun light & ventilation. Components of Buildings & their functions, Basic concept of R.C.C., Introduction to types of foundation
Chapter 5
Transportation: Introduction to Transportation Engineering; Traffic and Road Safety: Types and Characteristics of Various Modes of Transportation; Various Road Traffic Signs, Causes of Accidents and Road Safety Measures.
Chapter 6
Environmental Engineering: Environmental Pollution, Environmental Acts and Regulations, Functional Concepts of Ecology, Basics of Species, Biodiversity, Ecosystem, Hydrological Cycle; Chemical Cycles: Carbon, Nitrogen & Phosphorus; Energy Flow in Ecosystems.
Water Pollution: Water Quality standards, Introduction to Treatment & Disposal of Waste Water. Reuse and Saving of Water, Rain Water Harvesting. Solid Waste Management: Classification of Solid Waste, Collection, Transportation and Disposal of Solid. Recycling of Solid Waste: Energy Recovery, Sanitary Landfill, On-Site Sanitation. Air & Noise Pollution: Primary and Secondary air pollutants, Harmful effects of Air Pollution, Control of Air Pollution. . Noise Pollution Harmful Effects of noise pollution, control of noise pollution, Global warming & Climate Change, Ozone depletion, Greenhouse effect
Text Books:
1. Palancharmy, Basic Civil Engineering, McGraw Hill publishers.
2. Satheesh Gopi, Basic Civil Engineering, Pearson Publishers.
3. Ketki Rangwala Dalal, Essentials of Civil Engineering, Charotar Publishing House.
4. BCP, Surveying volume 1
This presentation was provided by Rebecca Benner, Ph.D., of the American Society of Anesthesiologists, for the second session of NISO's 2024 Training Series "DEIA in the Scholarly Landscape." Session Two: 'Expanding Pathways to Publishing Careers,' was held June 13, 2024.
Walmart Business+ and Spark Good for Nonprofits.pdfTechSoup
"Learn about all the ways Walmart supports nonprofit organizations.
You will hear from Liz Willett, the Head of Nonprofits, and hear about what Walmart is doing to help nonprofits, including Walmart Business and Spark Good. Walmart Business+ is a new offer for nonprofits that offers discounts and also streamlines nonprofits order and expense tracking, saving time and money.
The webinar may also give some examples on how nonprofits can best leverage Walmart Business+.
The event will cover the following::
Walmart Business + (https://business.walmart.com/plus) is a new shopping experience for nonprofits, schools, and local business customers that connects an exclusive online shopping experience to stores. Benefits include free delivery and shipping, a 'Spend Analytics” feature, special discounts, deals and tax-exempt shopping.
Special TechSoup offer for a free 180 days membership, and up to $150 in discounts on eligible orders.
Spark Good (walmart.com/sparkgood) is a charitable platform that enables nonprofits to receive donations directly from customers and associates.
Answers about how you can do more with Walmart!"
BIOLOGY NATIONAL EXAMINATION COUNCIL (NECO) 2024 PRACTICAL MANUAL.pptx
Porous road construction _ Asphalt as a healing material
1. 1
Asphalt as a Healing Material
Collaboration By :
SHAIKH MOHAMMAD FAISAL JAVED ALAM
2. Outline of this presentation
} Abstract
} History of Roads
} Need for Asphalt as self healing
} Methods to improvement self healing property of Asphalt
Roads
} Laboratory test
} Practical application of heat induction on Asphalt Roads
} Porous Asphalt Roads
2
Fig.1.1.2:
6th
Century BC.
A Roman street in Pompeii
Fig.1.1:
Roman ROAD
Cross Sectional Details
Fig.1.1.3:
6th
Century BC.
A Roman street in Pompeii
Fig.1.1.4.:
6th Century BC.
Via dell'Abbondanza, the
main street in Pompeii.
Fig.1.1.1:
3RD century BC
Greek street, Porta Rosa, Velia
- Italy
3. Abstract:
Self-healing technology is a new field within material technology. It
represents a revolution in materials engineering and is changing the way
that materials behave.
Incorporating self-healing technology into the road design process has the
potential to transform road construction and maintenance processes by
increasing the lifespan of roads and eliminating the need for road
maintenance.
3
Fig.1.2.1:
Aerial view of Asphalt Road
By decreasing the unnecessary
premature ageing of asphalt
pavements, self-healing asphalt
can reduce the amount of natural
resources used to maintain road
networks, decrease the traffic
disruption caused by road
maintenance processes, decrease
CO2 emissions during the road
maintenance process and increase
road safety. In addition to
environmental savings, self-
healing materials have the
potential to deliver significant cost
savings for road network
maintenance across the EU..
There are three main self-healing
technologies available for asphalt
pavement design:
1. Nanoparticles,
2. Induction heating and
3. Rejuvenation.
This study reviews all three
options and outlines the future
development of self-healing
asphalt technology
History of roads
Roman road
The Roman roads were physical infrastructure vital to the maintenance and
development of the Roman state, and were built from about 300 BC through
the expansion and consolidation of the Roman Republic and the Roman
Empire. They provided efficient means for the overland movement of armies,
officials, and civilians, and the inland carriage of official communications
and trade goods.
Roman roads were of several kinds, ranging from small local roads to broad,
long-distance highways built to connect cities, major towns and military
bases. These major roads were often stone-paved and metaled, cambered for
drainage, and were flanked, by footpaths
bridleways and drainage ditches. They were laid along accurately surveyed
courses, and some were cut through hills, or conducted over rivers and
ravines on bridgework. Sections could be supported over marshy ground on
rafted or piled foundations.
After romans road there were some other construction type of roads
introduced such as Metcalf Method, Teleford Method etc.
Fig.1.3.1:
6th Century BC. A Roman street in Pompeii
4. 4
Water Bond Macadam Roads…
Macadam is a type of road construction, pioneered by Scottish
engineer John Loudon McAdam around 1820, in which single-
sized crushed stone layers of small angular stones are placed in shallow
lifts and compacted thoroughly. A binding layer of stone dust (crushed
stone from the original material) may form; it may also, after rolling, be
covered with a binder to keep dust and stones together. The method
simplified what had been considered state of the art at that point.
Fig.1.4.1: Typical Cross Section
of water bond macadam road
Fig.1.4.2: Typical Cross Section of
water bond macadam road
McAdam's method was
simpler, yet more effective
at protecting roadways: he
discovered that massive
foundations of rock upon
rock were unnecessary, and
asserted that native soil
alone would support the
road and traffic upon it, as
long as it was covered by a
road crust that would
protect the soil underneath
from water and wear.
Asphalt roads….
Asphalt roads sometimes called flexible pavement due to the nature in
which it distributes loads, has been widely used since the 1920s. The
viscous nature of the bitumen binder allows asphalt concrete to sustain
significant plastic deformation, although fatigue from repeated loading
over time is the most common failure mechanism. Most asphalt surfaces
are laid on a gravel base, which is generally at least as thick as the asphalt
surfaces are laid directly on the native subgrade. In areas with very soft or
expansive subgrades such as clay or peat, thick gravel bases or
stabilization of the subgrade with Portland cement or lime may be
required.
Concrete roads….
Concrete surfaces are created using a concrete mix of Portland cement, coarse
aggregate, sand and water. In virtually all modern mixes there will also be
various admixtures added to increase workability, reduce the required amount
of water, mitigate harmful chemical reactions & for other beneficial purposes.
The material is applied in a freshly mixed slurry, and worked mechanically to
compact the interior and force some of the cement slurry to the surface to
produce a smoother, denser surface free from honeycombing. The water
allows the mix to combine molecularly in a chemical reaction
called hydration.One of the major advantages of concrete pavements is they
are typically stronger and more durable than asphalt roadways. They also can
be grooved to provide a durable skid-resistant surface. A notable disadvantage
is that they typically can have a higher initial cost, and can be more time-
consuming to construct. This cost can typically be offset through the long life
cycle of the pavement.
Most asphalt surfaces are laid on a
gravel base, which is generally at
least as thick as the asphalt layer,
although some 'full depth' asphalt
Polypropylene and polyester
geosynthetic have also been used for
this purpose
Concrete pavement can be
maintained over time utilizing
a series of methods known as
concrete pavement restoration
which include diamond
grinding, dowel bar retrofits,
joint and crack sealing, cross-
stitching, etc.
Fig.1.4.3:
Typical Cross Section of Concerte Road
5. 5
Need for asphalt as self healing
Care and Sealing….
Every three to five years, asphalt pavement must be resealed to prevent
cracking. Sealers must be applied and then the surface left alone for two to
three days before cars can drive on the surface. Resealing the asphalt surface
every three to five years will cost money and time.
Fig.1.5.1: Shows Cracked Wearing surface
of Asphalt road
Fig.1.5.2:
Shows Damaged surface of Asphalt road
Fig.1.5.3:
Shows Damaged surface of Asphalt road
Pothole…
A pothole is a structural failure in
a road surface, caused by failure
primarily in asphalt
pavement due to the presence of
water in the underlying soil
structure and the presence of
traffic passing over the affected
area. Introduction of water to the
underlying soil structure first
weakens the supporting soil.
Traffic then fatigues and breaks
the poorly supported asphalt
surface in the affected area.
Continued traffic action ejects
both asphalt and the underlying
soil material to create a hole in
the pavement.
Crack...
When asphalt is not laid properly,
it is prone to cracks and pitting.
Issues such as uneven pavement
surfaces, inadequate mixing and
laying pavement over previous
cracks are all reasons cracks will
occur.
Methods to improve self healing property of asphalt roads
There are three main self-healing technologies available for asphalt
pavement design:
1. Nanoparticles,
2. Induction heating and
3. Rejuvenation.
This study reviews all three options and outlines the future development
of self-healing asphalt technology
Nanoparticles
Nano rubber are used in the bitumen mix to improve the physical & mechanical
properties of the binders and, as such, to improve in-situ performance of an
asphalt pavement. Rubber modifiers in the form of nanoparticles have also
been used to improve the healing properties of asphalt mastic.
The clear advantage of Nano rubber as a modifier is its double role; it can
improve asphalt mix durability and also act as self-healing modifier in the mix.
However, the disadvantage of polymer-based modifiers is their thermodynamic
incompatibility with asphalt binder as a result of the large differences in
material density, polarity, molecular weight and solubility between the polymer
and the asphalt. This can result in delamination of the composite during
thermal storage, which is not readily apparent and adversely affects the asphalt
mix when it is used.
6. Laboratory test:
A beam of asphalt mastic with steel fibres is first produced and then is
completely broken (vertically), placed together again at the matching breakage
surface and then warmed up via induction. After the induction healing, the
mastic beam appeared to be whole again in such a way, so that as a singular
object it could be broken again. This complete procedure could be repeated for a
total number of six to seven times, while the required force to break the beam
again (after healing) remained at least 70% of the initial breaking force. In
another study the effect of the induction treatment on the mix and also on the
binder is investigated. This shows that no excessive effect on binder hardening
occurs. This because of the absence of oxygen inside the mix.
6
Induction Heating:
Induction heating in asphalt pavement design was pioneered by Minsk. He
developed and patented the first electrically conductive asphalt pavement using
graphite as a conductive medium for the purpose of melting snow and ice on
roadway surfaces by induction heating. The induction process operates by
sending an alternating current through the coil and generating an alternating
electromagnetic field. When the conductive asphalt specimen is placed under
the coil, the electromagnetic field induces currents flowing along the conductive
loops formed by the steel fibres. This method can be repeated if damage
returns.. Although induction healing can enhance the self-healing capacity of
asphalt pavement, an adverse effect is that heating the asphalt mix ages the
bitumen. Furthermore, overheating (>110C) the asphalt mix can cause binder
swelling and drainage, which adversely affects pavement performance. at
present Inductive heating is the most progressive self-healing technology for
asphalt pavements reported to date. This technology has transitioned from
laboratory to site in a short period of time (3 years)
Fig.1.6.1: Shows
Damaged
surface of
Asphalt road
Practical application of Heat Induction on asphalt road:
The newly developed Induction Technique makes use of a completely different,
more direct method. During the production of the asphalt mixture, a small
amount of highly refined steel filaments (or fibers ) is added. It are these steel
fibers within the asphalt mortar (or mastic) that makes it possible to heat the
asphalt layer via induction.
During the induction heating process, the iron molecules inside the steel fibers
are subjected to a rapid changing magnetic field, causing the iron material to heat
up. It is a well-known technique used in many kitchens today: an induction
cooking plate directly heats the bottom of the pan, instead of transferring contact
heat via an electrical cooking plate. So by induction, it is not the cooking plate
itself that becomes warm, but the base of the pan. Also, less energy is lost
compared to heating via gas burning.
Fig.1.6.2 & 3 : Shows Damaged repair using Heat induction on
asphalt road by induction heating vehicle.
Fig.1.6.2:
Induction Heating
Vehicle
Fig.1.6.3:
Induction Heating
Vehicle
7. Heat Induction on asphalt road is a completely harmless technique that
can be applied with great capacity. By applying this technique to asphalt
(with steel fibers inside the mortar), the steel fibers become hot. They in
turn yield their heat to the surrounding mastic.
This way, the mastic (or mortar) inside the asphalt mixture can be
intensively heated equally as well as evenly and directly across the entire
thickness of the asphalt surface layer – causing the mastic (or mortar) to
momentarily melt. The fine cracks inside the mortar will then ‘flow close’
again and the asphalt is reset at the original state. This technique is
developed together with the Technical University of Delft,
The great advantage with this method is that the energy (or heat) is applied
directly to the mastic (or mortar). That is exactly the part of the asphalt
wherein the fine hair cracks are formed in the course of time. Thus there is
hardly any loss of energy during the transfer of heat via induction.
The desired result (or transfer of required energy to the right location) is
already obtained before the stones have had the chance to become warm
indirectly. Only the effective part of the asphalt mixture needs to be heated
7
Porous asphalt roads :
In the natural environment, rainfall sinks into soil, filters through it, and
eventually finds its way to streams, ponds, lakes, and underground aquifers.
The built environment, by way of contrast, seals the surface. Rainwater and
snowmelt become runoff which may contribute to flooding. Contaminants are
washed from surfaces directly into waterways without undergoing the
filtration that nature intended.
A typical Porous Pavement has an open-graded surface over an
underlying stone recharge bed. The water drains through the porous asphalt
and into the stone bed, then, slowly, infiltrates into the soil. Many
contaminants are removed as the storm water passes through the porous
asphalt, stone recharge bed, and soils through filtration and microbial action.
Fig.1.7.1:
Shows Porous
Asphalt surface
Absorbing 300
Gallons of water in
four Minutes
Fig.1.7.2:
Shows Damaged
Asphalt surface
with Healing Effect
by Heat Induction
on Asphalt surface.
8. 8
what can porous asphalt do?
Porous asphalt pavements are of great interest to site planners and public-
works departments. With the proper design and installation, porous asphalt can
provide cost-effective, attractive pavements with a life span of more than
twenty years, and at the same time provide storm-water management systems
that promote infiltration, improve water quality, and many times eliminate the
need for a detention basin. The performance of porous asphalt pavements is
similar to that of other asphalt pavements. And, like other asphalt pavements,
they can be designed for many situations.
How does it work?
The technology is really quite simple. The secret to success is to provide the
water with a place to go, usually in the form of an underlying, open-graded
stone bed. As the water drains through the porous asphalt and into the stone
bed, it slowly infiltrates into the soil. The stone bed size and depth must be
designed so that the water level never rises into the asphalt. This stone bed,
often 18 to 36 inches in depth, provides a tremendous sub base for the asphalt
paving. To view a cross section of a porous asphalt pavement.
What does it cost?
Special features such as the underlying stone bed are more expensive than
conventional construction, but these costs are more than offset by the
elimination of many elements of standard storm-water management systems.
On those jobs where unit costs have been compared, a porous asphalt pavement
is generally the less-expensive option. The cost advantage is even more
dramatic when the value of land that might have been used for a detention
basin or other storm-water management features is considered.
How long do these pavements last, and how long do they remain porous?
Even after twenty years, porous pavements show little if any cracking or
pothole problems. The surface wears well. Porous asphalt retains its ability to
handle rain water for many years. One of the best-known porous parking lots,
located at the Walden Pond State Reservation in Massachusetts, was
constructed in 1977. While it has never been repaved, it is in good shape and
still drains effectively.
In a study of a porous pavement system constructed at the Centre
County/Pennsylvania State Visitor center, researchers found that the system
had maintained a consistent infiltration rate. During a 25-year precipitation
event, there was no surface discharge from the stone beds.
Stabilizing Course or “Choker
Course : An optional stabilizing
course or "choker course"
consisting of clean single-sized
crushed stone smaller than the
bed's larger stone. That stabilizes
the surface for the paving
equipment.
Open Graded Asphalt Pavement
: An open-graded asphalt surface
with inter-connected voids that
allow storm water to flow through
the pavement into the stone
recharge bed.
Unpaved Stone Edge: A back up
system in case the pavement
surface should ever become
sealed, storm water flow off
pavement surface to stone edge
and into stone recharge bed
Porous asphalt roads : Cross Sectional Details
A details of section of porous asphalt bed is given below which comprises of
different layers of different materials and sizes as described below,
Un Compacted Subgrade :An un-compacted subgrade to maximize the
infiltration rate of the soil.
Geo textile fabric :A geotextile fabric that allows water to pass through, but
prevents the migration of fine material from the subgrade into the stone recharge
bed.
Stone Recharge Bed: A stone recharge bed consisting of clean single-sized
crushed large stone with about 40 per cent voids. The stone chamber serves as a
structural layer and temporarily stores storm water as it infiltrates into the soil
below.
Fig.1.7.2:
Shows Cross
Section of
POROUS
Asphalt surface.
9. 9
Do these pavements look “different?” Are they smooth?
While slightly coarser than standard asphalt, porous asphalt pavements are
attractive and acceptable. The surface of a porous asphalt pavement is
smooth enough.
What special additives or construction techniques are needed?
An added advantage to porous asphalt is that it does not necessitate
proprietary ingredients. It does not require the contractor to have special
paving equipment or skills. With the proper information, most asphalt
plants can easily prepare the mix and general paving contractors can install
it.
How does porous asphalt affect water quality?
There has been limited sampling data on the porous pavement systems,
although the available data indicate a very high removal rate for total
suspended solids, metals, and oil and grease.
Are there other environmental benefits?
Because of the open structure of the pavement, porous asphalt offers a
“cooler” pavement choice. By replenishing water tables and aquifers rather
than forcing rainfall into storm sewers, porous asphalt also helps to reduce
demands on storm sewer.
References
Self-Healing Technology for Asphalt
Pavements,
Amir Tabakovic´ and Erik Schlangen
Optimizing the highway lifetime by improving self
healing capacity of asphalt, 2012, Ali azhar, Niki
kringos.
Self Healing Asphalt - Extending the service life
by induction heating of asphalt, Gerbert van
Bochov
Induction heating of asphalt mastic for crack
control. Construction and Building Materials,
Liu, Q., Wu, S & Schlangen,
Fig.1.9.1:
Sample of Porous
Asphalt surface
with 100%
permeability
Fig.1.8.1:
Shows Porous
Asphalt surface
Absorbing 300
Gallons of water
in four Minutes