This document discusses events from1558-1690 that threatened England's Protestant liberties and established the Church of England, including: 1) Queen Elizabeth I faced challenges from Catholic Spain and the Pope but established the Church of England. The Spanish Armada invasion in 1588 was defeated. 2) Under King James I, the Gunpowder Plot was uncovered in 1605, a Catholic plan to blow up Parliament. 3) Protestant liberties continued to face threats, addressed through historical events discussed in the remainder of the document.

1. POPISH TRICKS
THE SPANISH ARMADA
1588
GUNPOWDER PLOT
1605

2. THE BATTLE TO PRESERVE
OUR PROTESTANT LIBERTIES
1: POPISH TRICKS
2: THE BRITISH REPUBLICANS
3: CHRIST’S CROWN AND COVENANT
4: THE GLORIOUS REVOLUTION
5: THE SASH MY FATHER WORE

3. THE BATTLE TO PRESERVE
OUR PROTESTANT LIBERTIES
Queen Elizabeth 1st – King William 3rd
1558 - 1690

4. POPISH TRICKS
O Lord our God arise,
Scatter her enemies,
And make them fall:
Confound their politics,
Frustrate their popish tricks,
On thee our hopes we fix,
God save us all.

5. POPISH TRICKS
THE SPANISH ARMADA
1588
GUNPOWDER PLOT
1605

6. THE SPANISH ARMADA
1588

7. HISTORICAL BACKGROUND
Queen Elizabeth 1st
1558

8. THE YOUNG QUEEN
AND HER CHALLENGES

9. THE PAPAL CHALLENGE
“...she could not succeed,
being illegitimate; and that
the crown of England being
a fief of the Popedom, she
had been guilty of great
presumption in assuming it
without his consent.”Pope Paul 4th

10. The Spanish Threat
•Duke of Feria, Spanish Ambassador.
•Spain would not tolerate the return of
England to the Protestant Faith.
•Philip 2nd of Spain was married to
Elizabeth’s Catholic sister, Mary 1st of
England.

11. The Religious Question
•Elizabeth sympathised with the
Protestant Faith.
•The leading Protestant Churchmen had
been executed during Mary’s reign.
•The clergy of the Church of England
were mainly Catholic.

12. ENGLAND’S DIFFICULTIES
•A third rate European power.
•An impoverished army and
navy.

13. REESTABLISHING
REFORMED WORSHIP
•Services conducted in English.
•The Mass abolished.
•The Protestant Clergy returned from
Europe.
•Matthew Parker became Archbishop of
Canterbury.

14. CREATING A PROTESTANT
CHURCH
•Act of Supremacy
•Act of Uniformity
•Articles of Religion
•A Book of Homilies

15. THE BIBLE IN THE FIRST
ELLIZABETHAN REIGN

16. FOXE’S BOOK OF MARTYRS

17. POLITICAL INSIGHT
•A Protestant, William Cecil was
appointed Secretary of State.
•The Commons abolished Papal
authority.
•A debate was ordered by the Lords in
Westminster Abbey.
•The Catholic leaders were defeated.

18. SCOTTISH DIMENSION
•The Scottish Reformation.
•The Scottish alliance with Catholic
France was broken.
•The old enemy became a new ally.

19. Eleven Glorious Years
•Protestantism well established in
the nation.
•England has grown in prosperity.
•Her navy and army is well
supplied.

20. EXCOMMUNICATED 1570
“We do out of the fulness of our
Apostolic power declare the aforesaid
Elizabeth, being a heretic and a favourer
of heretics...to be cut off from the unity of
the body of Christ...we do declare her to
deprived of her pretended title...we do
command ...all...that they presume not to
obey her...” (Bull of Pope Pius 5th)

21. THE STRATEGY
•England would be
saturated by Jesuits
•Followed by foreign
troops
•To return England to
Popery
Ignatius Loyola

22. Peace in England Destroyed
•Catholics withdrew from public
worship.
•Parliament made it High Treason to
describe the Queen as a heretic
•The Papal Bull could not be
published in England.

23. Divide and Conquer
•Thomas Heath professed to be a
Puritan.
•Found with a license from the Pope
authorising him to preach.
•His task was to cause divisions
among Protestants.

24. A Jesuit Training College
•Father Allen founded a French
College.
•They were trained to assassinate as
well as to preach and debate.
•Campion and Parsons were the first
of an army of Jesuits.

25. ATMOSPHERE OF UNREST
•From 1880
•There was scarcely a year without the
discovery of treason.
•Plots to assassinate the Queen.

26. THE BABINGTON PLOT
1586
•Priest, John Ballard, taught that
Elizabeth should not be allowed to live
•Supported by gentlemen including
Babington.

27. THE BABINGTON PLAN
1586
•Assassinate Elizabeth
•General Catholic Uprising
•Consolidated by foreign troops

28. BABINGTON FOILED
1586
•Letters intercepted.
•Leaders identified.
•Executed.

29. WAS ELIZABETH INTOLERANT?
•All the Bishops under Mary received
pensions.
•No-one died because they were
Romanists.
•Executions were for political offences
against the state.

30. THE ARMADA
Causes of the Conflict

31. PROTESTANTISM
•With Mary’s death,
Catholic hope died.
•A European alliance to dethrone
Protestant Elizabeth was consolidated.
•Philip 2nd was the political leader of the
Counter Reformation.

32. PROTESTANTISM
•With Mary’s death, Catholic hope died.
•A European alliance to dethrone
Protestant Elizabeth was consolidated.
•Philip 2nd was the political leader of the
Counter Reformation.

33. to
THE ARMADA
The Strategy

34. THE STRATEGY
•Seize control of the English Channel.
•Allow the Duke of Parma to land an
invasion force.

35. to
THE ARMADA
The Preparation

36. FOUR YEARS IN THE MAKING
•Greatest Navy ever assembled.
•150 vessels, 8,000 sailors, 20,000 soldiers
•64 Galleons, towering castles of the sea.

37. THE DUKE OF PARMA’S ARMY
•International Force.
•Irish, Scottish, Dutch, German, Italian,
French and Spaniards.
•Over 300 ships for transport.

38. THE PAPAL CURSE
•Pope Sixtus confirmed the previous Bull.
•Absolved Elizabeth’s subjects of allegiance.
•Granted England to Philip 2nd.
•Promoted Allen to Archbishop of
Canterbury.

39. ENGLAND’S RESPONSE
•A Navy of 34 Ships under Lord Howard.
•Drake’s 30 vessels.
•87,000 men responded to the call to arms.

40. THE EXPLOITS OF DRAKE
•Pillaged Spanish Harbours.
•Robbed Spanish bullion.
•Claimed California
for the Queen.

41. to
THE ARMADA
Let the Battle Commence

42. 30TH JULY
•The Armada spotted on the English channel.
•The beacons were lit as a warning.
•Howard and Drake began their preparations
for battle.

43. 31ST JULY
•The English moved behind the Spanish fleet.
•First skirmishes showed that the lighter craft
could out manoeuvre the Spanish Galleons.
•The Spanish lost two Galleons.
•For every 4 English shots the Spanish only
managed one.

44. 3rd AUGUST
•Most intense fighting within 100 yards of each
other.
•English craft sailed into the heart of the
Armada.
•The Lion, Bull, Bear, Tiger, Dreadnaught,
could not be overcome by the St. Matthew,
St Mark, St Luke, St. John etc...

45. THE CALAIS ROUNDEVOUS
•Parma did not arrive.
•The Protestant Dutch navy had
blockaded his ports.

46. THE QUEEN’S TILBURY ADDRESS
I am come amongst you, as you see...in the
midst and heat of the battle, to live and die
amongst you all...I know I have the body of a
weak and feeble woman, but I have the heart
and the stomach of a king, and a King of
England too, and think it foul scorn that Parma,
or Spain, or any prince of Europe should dare
to invade the borders of my realm...We shall
shortly have a famous victory over these
enemies of my God, my kingdom and my
people

47. NIGHT OF 7TH AUGUST
•At the Queen’s
suggestion fireships
selected
•The sight of these
burning hulks
appearing out of the
darkness caused
panic
•Moorings were cut
•The English navy
followed
•By the following evening 4,000
Spaniards had died to 100 English.
•The Armada was broken.

48. GOD BLEW WITH HIS WINDS AND
THEY WERE SCATTERED
•The Spanish Admiral chosen to return via
Scotland.
•A terrible storm shipwrecked many vessels.
•Over 11,000 Spanish sailors were washed up
or killed on the shores.
•Philip 2nd never recovered his prestige.
•The Pope refused to pay one penny towards
the costs breaking his promises.

49. ELIZABETH’S
GOLDEN SPEECH
Though God has raised me high yet
this I count the glory of my crown, that
I have reigned with your
loves...Though you have had and may
have mightier and wiser princes sitting
on this seat, yet you never had nor
shall have any that will love you better

50. to
COMMEMORATIVE MEDAL
Jehovah blew with his winds
and they were scattered

51. to
A NEW ERA
1604
James 6th is Crowned as James 1st

52. THE HOPES OF ENGLISH CATHOLICS
•That James would favour
Catholicism.
•His mother was a Catholic.
•His first act was her inter her
remains in Westminster Abbey

53. THE DISAPPOINTMENT
OF ENGLISH CATHOLICS
•Fines for hearing Mass.
•Priests were hidden in secret rooms
of wealthy homes.
•Catholic children could not be
baptised.
•Failure to attend Anglican services
classed you as a resussent or refusnik.

54. BIGOTRY OR REASONABLE
•The Papacy sanctioned a Catholic
uprising.
•By insurrection and invasion threat
Rome had attempted to destabilise.
•As a result of Rome the future of the
Protestant Crown lay in the balance.
•On balance restricting Catholic freedom
was a matter of national security

55. to
THE GUNPOWDER PLOT
1605

56. JESUITICAL THEOLOGY
Doctrine of lawful
insuurection against the
tyranny of a heretical prince

57. JESUITICAL CUNNING
•The Lay Catholic Petition – promised
loyalty to the King.
•Father Garnet – Priests should minister
in peace and quietness.
•Protestants believed the period Catholic
unrest was at an end.

58. THE UNDERLYING PLAN
Blow up Parliament when
the King and all Parliament
are in attendance.

59. APPLICATION
•A cellar beneath Parliament was hired.
•36 barrels of explosive would have
structurally damaged an area with 500
metres.

60. THE LETTER TO LORD MONTEAGLE
My, Lord out of the love I bear to some
of your friends, I have a care of your
preservation, I would advise you, as you
tender your life, to devise some excuse, to
shift your attendance at this
Parliament...retire yourself into the
country where you may expect the event
in safety.

61. ORTUR
THE SEARCH
•5TH NOVEMBER
1604
•Guy Fawkes
discovered in the cellar
•Tortured into
betraying his
accomplices.

62. THE PUNISHMENT
•Heads of the conspirators displayed on
Parliament.
•Guy Fawke’s heart extracted while he was
still alive.

63. THE BATTLE TO PRESERVE
PROTESTANT LIBERTIES
CONTINUED
The British Republicans