This document provides information about pomegranates, including their botanical details, propagation methods, common diseases and pests, prevention methods, harvesting techniques, and final products made from pomegranates. Pomegranates are native to southwest Asia but grown in many countries. They can be propagated through seeds, hardwood cuttings, grafting, or tissue culture. Common diseases include bacterial blight and anthracnose caused by bacteria or viruses. Pests include ants, mealy bugs, and leafhoppers. Diseases are prevented through cultural, chemical, and biological controls like pruning diseased parts, applying fungicides, and using natural predators. Pomegranates are manually harvested after 3-4 years of

1. A . K DIMITHRI DHARSHIKA
GWAI 2011/108
2ND YEAR 2ND SEMESTER (2015)

2. POMEGRANATE
• Grow as attractive neat, rounded shrub or tree(20,30 Ft.).
• Scientifically it is known as (Punica granatum).
• This is native to southwestern Asia. but it is grow in many countries.
• Fruit bearing deciduous plant.
• Fruit is typically in season from September - February.
• Pomegranate has multiple spiny branches, and is extremely long-lived.
(some specimens in France surviving for 200 years)

3. • Leaves are opposite or sub opposite, glossy, narrow oblong, entire,
3–7 cm long and 2 cm broad.
• The flowers are bright red and 3 cm in diameter, with three - seven
petals.
• The edible fruit is a berry, 5–12 cm in diameter with a rounded shape
thicked husk and reddish in color.
• The number of seeds may vary from 200 to1400. Seeds are covered
with bright red fleshy part. That is the eidable part of the fruit.

4. POMEGRANATE BOTANICAL
CLASSIFICATION
• Kingdom: Plantae
• (unranked): Angiosperms
• (unranked): Eudicots
• (unranked): Rosids
• Order: Myrtales
• Family: Lythraceae
• Genus: Punica
• Species: Punica granatum
( In Sinhala it is known as Delum)

5. POMEGRANATE NOMENCLATURE
• The name pomegranate derives from medieval Latin pōmum "apple"
and grānātum "seeded".
• granada in Spanish.
• delum in Sri Lanka.
• grenade in French.
• mātuḷa in Tamil.
• romã in Portuguese. ETC..

6. PROPAGATION METHODS
• SEEDS
• An easy method of propagation is to do it by seeds (because seeds are
germinate very quickly) even if sprinkled on the top of the soil.
• HARDWOOD CUTTINGS
• Hardwood cuttings are the most widely used method.
• We must take the cuttings (November through January) off of one-year-old
wood.
• After cutting we must protect and let them develop some roots in a greenhouse
before planting.

7. PROPAGATION METHODS
• GRAFTING
• Grafting of pomegranate trees is rarely done in some countries.
• And we have to protect the grafting point until it grows.
• TISSUE CULTURE
• Use tissues seeds or cuttings.
• This is a good method but it is more expensive method.

8. DISEASES
• Bacterial Blight of Pomegranate
• spots are black and round and surrounded by bacterial ooze.
• later spots enlarge to become raised, dark brown lesions with indefinite margins that
cause the fruit to crack.
• Anthracnose
• causes spotting and rot of pomegranate fruits
• caused by viruses
• Pests in pomegranate
• they sucking fruits and harm to their development.

9. PESTS IN POMEGRANATE
Ants Grape Mealy bug
Cherry Leaf hopper Leaf footed Plant Bug
Citrus Flat Mite Soft Scales
Cotton Aphid Whiteflies
Filbert worm Katydids

10. • fruit rot
• there are 3 types of rotting
• 1. Alternaria fruit rot (Alternaria alternate)
• 2. Aspergillus fruit rot (Aspergillus niger)
• 3. gray mold (Botrytis cinerea)

11. PREVENTING METHODS OF DISEASES
• can mainly categorize in to 3
• cultural control
• chemical control
• biological control
cultural control
1. watering
most fungi and bacteria need water for their germination. so
#splashing water
#careful watering
#proper timing of watering
will help to prevent many fungi and bacterial diseases.

12. 2. sanitation
we must remove or burn all diseased plants and we must keep our crops cleanly.
3. pruning
should prune out infected portions just like wilts, cankers and galls.
Chemical control
if the parasite's damage become more severe we can apply chemicals to
control them. there are many fungicides , bactericides in the super market.
and remember to be careful when you work out with chemicals.

13. Biological control
The Cryptoleamous montrozieri (BiyoAvci) and Leptomastix dactylopii (BiyoAri) should
be used together in the pomegranate orchards which have mealy bug problem.
Release of egg parasitoid Trichogramma species was found effective to control the
pest.

14. HARVESTING TECHNIQUES
• Can harvest manually or mechanically. but mostly pomegranates
harvest in manually.
• Must harvest our crops in correct time.
• Normally harvesting after 3,4 years.
• Harvest it only after it has reached full maturity.

15. • In harvesting in manually they use small devices also. such as knives,
scissors , ladders , plucking instruments etc.

16. FINAL PRODUCTS FROM POMEGRANATE
• pomegranates are used in
• Juice blends and smoothies.
• Alcoholic beverages( such as cocktails and wine ).

17. • Make delicious food items using pomegranate in five star hotels.
• Meal products ( jam , cordial , saus , and other meals ).

18. • As herbal products (green tea , vitamins , medicines).
• As beauty-boosting products (powder , cream , soap , body wash ,
lipsticks ).