Lecture presentation for coops San Fernando City, La Union

1. Seminar on
Policy
Development
Josefina B. Bitonio, DPA
Resource Person
November 16, 2023

3. A story about some blind men who
encounter an elephant. As the blind
make sense of what each feels it's also
a memorable illustration of how our
own views are shaped by our
subjective experience and, as so often,
that we don't see the full picture. In
various versions the men may argue
over what it is, convinced they
themselves must be right, or
collaborate to identify the elephant
together. Most of our experience is
somewhat like this. We rarely see the
whole truth. When we stay humble and
accept others' experience we give
ourselves the chance to learn a little
more
A story about some blind men who encounter
an elephant. As the blind make sense of what
each feels it's also a memorable illustration of
how our own views are shaped by our
subjective experience and, as so often, that we
don't see the full picture. In various versions the
men may argue over what it is, convinced they
themselves must be right, or collaborate to
identify the elephant together. Most of our
experience is somewhat like this. We rarely see
the whole truth. When we stay humble and
accept others' experience we give ourselves
the chance to learn a little more
Policy: The
Cooperative Map

4. Section 4. Period of
Compliance. Coope
rative officers shall
complete the
trainings within the
half of their term.
Section 5. Optional
trainings for cooperative
officers. Cooperative
officers shall endeavor
to undergo additional
appropriate trainings
such as but not limited
to the following:
• Financial Management
• Policy Development
• Leadership and Values Re-Orientation
• Conflict Management
• Strategic Planning and Management
• Orientation on Labor and Other Related Laws
• Records Management (Financial/Non-Financial
Transaction)
• Cooperative Standards
• Investment and Banking Procedures
• Basic Accounting for Non- Accountants
• Internal Control including Inventory System
• Cooperative Standards
• Audit Management
• Rules Formulation
• Human Resource Management
• Effective Communication Skills
• Entrepreneurship and Business Mgt. Skills
• Basic Computer Literacy
MC 2015-09 | Revised Guidelines Implementing the New Training
Requirements of Cooperative Officers

5. Contents
Introduction using frameworks
Policy defined
Importance of Policies
The Cooperative Map
The Role of Policies
Steps in Writing Policies
Objectives of Policy

6. Who enforces Policies?
Contents
Communicating to Stakeholders
Underpinning Principles in
Writing Policies
Legal Basis in Writing
Policies
Policy Development Life Cycle
Adherence to Laws, Regulations
Causes of Bad Policy
Benefit of Policy Manuals

7. Governance
Framework
Strategic Planning
Policy Development
Reputation Assurance
Board Development
Assurance that a business is compliant with local
and national and other regulations.
The foundations of good governance is strategic
planning and the role this process plays in the
governance of an organization.
Board development enhances the
knowledge, skills, and expertise of board
members, which helps them make better
decisions and provide more effective
guidance and oversight, which ultimately
results in improved organizational
performance.
Policies are critical component of governance and
decision-making in various organizations, including
governments, businesses, and non-profit organizations

8. Policy development involves the process of
creating, drafting, and developing policies to
meet the objectives
Board policies are developed to meet identified
needs and to address existing and emerging
issues.
Policies provide a framework for sound decision
making and accountability. It is through policies
that members hold the Board accountable for
decisions affecting quality service delivery and
the effective use of resources. Through its
policies, the Board holds the management staff
accountable for compliance with its strategic
directions.
Policy Development

9. Strategic Planning to Strategic
Management
Policy Development Procedures Evaluate and Review

10. Procedure
Sequence
of the
thing to
do the job
Internal
Strength
Weaknesses
External
Opportunities
Threats
Environmental
Scanning
Vision
/Mission
Reasons
for
existence
Objectives
What to
accomplish
By
When
Policies
Guidelines
for decision
making
Strategy Implementation
Programs
Activities
needed to
accomplish a
plan Performance
Evaluation &
Control
Strategy Formulation
Strategic Management Model
F e e d b a c k s
Strategies
Plans to
achieve the
mission &
objectives
Budget
Cost of
the
Programs

11. Why have policies?
Policy Defined- A policy is
statement that provides
guidelines for actions to attain
the established objectives of the
cooperative and reflect the
cooperative’s basic philosophy.
Well written policy
facilitates delegation of
authority to the lowest
feasible level in the
cooperative.
Policies give direction to
plans. They are a road
map management can
follow to reach goals and
attain objectives.

12. Objectives of Policy
Before determining policy, objectives must be defined. Objectives
should be clearly stated in writing so that policies can be consistent
Problem Solving and Issue Resolution provide a
structured and systematic approach in solving
problems
Goal Achievement
provide a framework for achieving strategic and
operational goals.
Compliance and Legal Requirements
helps organizations avoid legal issues, penalties,
and reputational damage.
Resource Allocation
help ensure that resources are used efficiently and
effectively

13. Standardization and Consistency
enhance efficiency and reduce
confusion.
Guidance and Direction
provide a clear and predefined path for
an organization or government to follow.
Risk Management
help identify potential threats to an organization
or society and lay out strategies to deal with the
Accountability and Transparency
include mechanisms for accountability, defining who is
responsible for implementing and enforcing the policy
Adaptation to Change
ensure policies remain relevant
Stakeholder Engagement
involve consultation with relevant stakeholders, such as
customers, employees, or the public

14. In some cases policies
must be observed
(mandatory)
while in other cases
policies serve as only
as guidelines
(advisory) for the
ethical, strategic,
operational
Importance of Policies

15. Policy: The
Cooperative Map
Cooperative policies provide just this kind of map. Policies
are a set of guidelines defined by the cooperative in its
first stages of development that cover topics as
Internal Control
Board Meeting Procedure
Conflict Of Interest
Insurance and Bonds
Confidentiality
Company Vehicle
Public Relations
Audit
Community Development Fund
Borrowing Policy

16. The Role of Policies
Provide general
guidance about the
cooperative’s
mission
Provide a
mechanism to
control the behavior
of the cooperative
Provide specific
guidance toward
implementing
strategies to
achieve the
cooperative’s
vision
Enable the
management
to relate
properly to the
organization’s
work and its
objectives
A mission or vision for your
organization is a prerequisite to
policy development, so too are
strategic objectives.
From a well written mission
statement objectives can be set and
from objectives, policies can be
created.
Objectives are like goals. They
direct the staff’s attention to
important factors in running the
organization and help define unique
ways to enhance performance of
individuals and the organization as a
whole.

17. Who Writes and Enforces Policies?
It is primarily the responsibility of the board of directors to
write policies as well as maintain and update them.
Management also has a role in developing specific policies
that pertain to the management of the cooperative.
A chairperson should be appointed to a committee to make an
initial review of the policies and draft needed policies.
These policy changes should be presented before the board as
a whole at the next board meeting to be adopted and
recorded in the minutes.
Policies should be reviewed every year or immediately after a
major structure change such as a merger, expansion, or
buyout..

18. A third party who can objectively evaluate the strengths and
weaknesses of the cooperative and provide advice as to the
legality and appropriateness of the current policies should be
involved in the writing process of new ones.
The role of the policy
maker is act as a funnel to
gather information through
consultation and research and to
reduce and extract from the
information, a policy or a set of policies
which serve to promote what is the
preferred course of action.
Seeking information from experts from
outside the organization (this may include
government personnel, other cooperative
managers and practitioners)

19. It is also the board’s responsibility to
evaluate how well the policies are being
used within the cooperative.
Even the best policies are absolutely
useless unless they are implemented and
used effectively.
Employees of the cooperative should be
thoroughly aware of the policies in place and
a hard copy of cooperative policy should be
available for use at all times. However, while
the manager is responsible for implementing
policies.

20. 01
02
03
The writing of policies often depends mostly on the
structure of the cooperative.
Broader policies offer more flexibility but are also open
to interpretation.
Stricter policies are more easily interpreted; yet, offer
little flexibility for the management and employees to
work in.
Generally when the cooperative can accept the
interpretation of the policies developed, no more
specifics need to be added. Remember, the only thing
worse than not having a policy at all, is for the policies
in place to be broken.
Writing Policies
04
05 06
So properly implementing and monitoring current policies is imperative for the legal and
financial health of the cooperative. Policies are most effective when they are written down
and bound in a hard copy. Orally conveyed policies are subject to interpretation and memory;
written policies are harder to dispute. The steps in actually writing policies are:
The steps in actually writing policies are:
Identify: The board of
directors must first
identify the general
areas to be covered
by the policies.
Formulate: Then the
board must formulate
the new policies or
change old ones to
better fit the company.
Adopt: No matter who
helps to formulate
policies, it is the job of
the board of directors to
adopt them
Distribute: A policy that no one
knows about is useless and a
waste of paper; therefore, should
be written down, bound in a
manual, classified by content, and
distributed to persons concerned
with administering them.
Implement: it is the
duty of the manager
to implement new
policies.
Control: Policies provide a
source of internal control for
the board of directors and
the control of policies is the
only management function
that the board possesses.
07 Evaluate and Review: All
policies should be
periodically evaluated
and reviewed for content
and effectiveness.

21. Be specific – mean what you say and
say what you mean.
- if action is mandatory, use “must”
or “will”
- if recommendatory, use “should” –
- if permissive, use “may”
- avoid “shall” – confuses between
mandatory or recommended
Source: Sumajit (2013)
Writing Good Policies

23. A policy is not formulated unless it is thought to be
necessary or to have a benefit. In other words the
policy exists for a purpose and this may be often
expressed in the form of an "underpinning
principle"
Policy
Goals

29. Identify and define the
problem or issue that issue
that needs to be addressed
and necessitated the
development of a policy
Workshop 1
Per Coop
10 minutes – identification of issues/problems
10 minutes - reporting

30. Organizational Policies
o GAD
o Confidentiality
(DPA)
o Flexible
Work
o The Directors,
Officers, Staff
and Related
Interest (DOSRI)
accounts
o Associate
Membership
o SMCBUp
Program
o Election Rules
and Guidelines
o Mandatory
Training for
Officers
o Compensation
o Surety Bond
o Labor Law (Min
wage, 13th
Month Pay,
Retirement
Fund, Goodwill
Fund)
o Monthly
remittances
(SSS,
PAGIBIG),
PhilHealth,
BIR)
o Lab Coop
o Donation &
Grants received
o Cash
Management
o Community
Development
Projects

34. Organizational policy makers i.e.
Board of Directors, and Management,
must go about the process of policy
formation in a careful way. Policy
makers must engage, and be seen to
engage, in the process of consultation.
A charge of 'failing to consult' is a
charge of considerable magnitude.
While much information can be
gleaned by listening to people, there is
also often a need to conduct research
i.e. statistical surveys, monitor events,
etc.

35. Policies must be thoroughly
discussed in the board meeting o
always consistent with the vision,
mission and goals of the
cooperative
Always accordance with the
existing laws and regulations o
reviewed and that changes or
updates must be properly
discussed and documented o
implemented and regularly
monitored

37. Policies are proposed and
thoroughly discussed in the board
meeting.
Policies formulated and agreed on
are consistent with the vision,
mission and goals of the
cooperative.
Policies agreed on are in
accordance with existing
laws and regulations

38. Following formal
adoption of the policy
it should be
communicated far and
wide throughout the
cooperative and
stakeholders. Training
sessions may need to
be conducted to ensure
that personnel are fully
informed and able to
implement the policy. If
the policy is not well
communicated it may
fail.
The final policy document needs to be
formally adopted by the member of the
Board of Directors with an appropriate
record entered in to the minutes.

39. Communicating Policy
All organizations need to develop and
communicate policies. In fact organizations
are developing policies all the time but they
might not know it. This is because
decisions are being made all the time in
regard to new situations, and often where
there is no previous policy. Such decisions
are made by people who have the
appropriate authority and capacity such as
managers, committee members, board
members, the executive, etc.

42. Policies are typically promulgated through official written
documents. Policy documents often come with the
endorsement or signature of the executive powers
within an organization to legitimize the policy and
demonstrate that it is considered in force. Such
documents often have standard formats that are
particular to the organization issuing the policy. While
such formats differ in form, policy documents usually
contain certain standard components.
This is to certify that that the
foregoing is true and correct from
the minutes of the Board regular
board meeting
Approved by the by the
Board of Directors on

44. The implementation of the
policy should be monitored.
The policy may still require
further adjustments and
furthermore the reasons for
the policies existence may
change.
A general practice is to set a
date for the policy to be
reviewed, this might be one
a year or once in every three
years. It just depends on the
nature of the policy.

45. Board of Director’s Policy

46. WHAT WE DO
Evaluation is simply one component of the policy cycle and an overall
performance management framework. As an initiative is implemented,
the outputs and outcomes are monitored, refined and then evaluated.
Findings from the evaluation results will allow for adjusting and
modifying the various outputs and outcomes of an initiative and the
process gets repeated.
Evaluation as Part of a Larger Process

47. Policies are
reviewed and
changes or
updates properly
discussed and
documented.
Implementation of
policies is
regularly
monitored.

48. Policy Content
1.Subject of Title
2.Policy Statement
3.Purpose
4.Scope
5.Responsibility
6.Effectivity
Optional:
1. Background
2. Definition of Terms
Policy statements indicating the specific
regulations, requirements, or modifications
to organizational behavior that the policy is
creating. Policy statements are extremely
diverse depending on the organization and
intent, and may take almost any form
A purpose statement, outlining why the organization
is issuing the policy, and what its desired effect or
outcome of the policy should be.

49. Policy Content
1.Subject of Title
2.Policy Statement
3.Purpose
4.Scope
5.Responsibility
6.Effectivity
Optional:
1. Background
2. Definition of Terms
An applicability and scope statement, describing who the
policy affects and which actions are impacted by the policy.
The applicability and scope may expressly exclude certain
people, organizations, or actions from the policy
requirements. Applicability and scope is used to focus the
policy on only the desired targets, and avoid unintended
consequences where possible.
A responsibility section, indicating which parties and
organizations are responsible for carrying out
individual policy statements. Many policies may
require the establishment of some ongoing function or
action. For example, a purchasing policy might specify
that a purchasing office be created to process purchase
requests, and that this office would be responsible for
ongoing actions. Responsibilities often include
identification of any relevant oversight relevant and/or
governance structures.

50. An effective date
which indicates when
the policy comes into
force. Retroactive
policies are rare, but
can be found
Some policies may contain additional
sections including:
Background, indicating any reasons, history, and
intent that led to the creation of the policy, which
may be listed as motivating factors. This
information is often quite valuable when policies
must be evaluated or used in ambiguous
situations, just as the intent of a law can be
useful to a court when deciding a case that
involves that law.
Definitions, providing clear and unambiguous
definitions for terms and concepts found in the
policy document

51. 01-s-01 2023 Membership
Policy
001 Jan 7, 2023 Jan 6, 2024 Dec 22, 2025
02-s-02 2023 Lending
Policies &
Guideline
002 Jan 12. 2023 Dec 10, 2024 June 24, 2024
05 s-05 2023 Policy of
HRMD
010 May 5, 2023 May 5, 2023 May 5, 2023
Policy No. Subject Resolution No Date
Approved
/Adopted
Last Revised Last Reviewed
Documenting/Codifying Policies

52. The process of writing down a new policy (documenting) is very
necessary. If this does not occur, then there is likely to be
confusion about the decision made, what was agreed and what
actions should be taken.
At the very least the policy decisions should be noted in
the minutes of the meeting during which they were
made. However it is very unlikely that members of the
organization, or customers, will ever read the minutes of
meetings. Therefore it is fundamentally necessary that
the makers of the new policy ensure that it is put into
writing and then find ways to communicate it to the
anyone who needs to be aware.
Therefore it is fundamentally necessary
that the makers of the new policy ensure
that it is put into writing and then find
ways to communicate it to the anyone
who needs to be aware

54. On Poverty
World Poverty 2023
According to the 2023 release, 1.1 billion
out of 6.1 billion people (just over 18%) live
in acute multidimensional poverty across
110 countries. Sub-Saharan Africa (534
million) and South Asia (389 million) are
home to approximately five out of every
six poor people
Under the Philippine Development Plan, the government is targeting to reduce
the poverty incidence rate to 16.4% 2023, to 13.2% by 2025, and to 9% by 2028.
It aims to have a “prosperous, predominantly middle-class society where no one is
poor” by 2040.
Relevant Laws
affecting
Cooperatives

55. R.A. 9520 - Philippine Cooperative Code of 2008
An act amending the Cooperative Code of the Philippines
to be known as the Philippine Cooperative Code of 2008
R.A. 3765- Truth in Lending Act (for coops with credit operations only)
An act to require the disclosure of finance charges in
connection with extensions of credit
R.A. 9510-Credit Information System Act (for coops with credit
operations only)
R.A. 8424 –NIRC OF 1997 as amended by R.A. 10963- TRAIN LAW
R.A. 8791-General Banking Law of 2000 (for cooperative banks
only)

56. Laws on MSME Development
Three laws, namely, the Go Negosyo Act, Barangay Micro Business Enterprise Act (BMBE Act) and
Magna Carta for MSMEs, are already in place for that purpose.
• The Go Negosyo Act ( RA106411 J) provides for the establishment of a “Negosyo Center” in all
provinces, cities and municipalities to, among others, promote ease of doing business and access
to services for MSMEs within their respective jurisdictions, and build local support networks and
establish market linkages for them.
• The BMBE Act (R.A. 9178- ) exempts micro enterprises registered with the Department of Trade and
Industry from income tax and from the coverage of the minimum wage law, but their employees
shall receive the social security and health-care benefits that employees of other industries are
entitled to.
• The Magna Carta for MSMEs (RA 9501) calls for the strengthening of the Micro, Small and Medium
Enterprises Development Council in order to, among others, help establish the needed environment
and opportunities conducive to the growth and development of MSMEs, and streamline the
registration of business enterprises.
• In addition, it created the Small Business Guarantee and Finance Corporation (SB Corp.) for the
purpose of extending all forms of financial assistance to eligible MSMEs and to guarantee their
loans. The SB Corp. is, in effect, supposed to act as “interim” financier and credit guarantor to
MSMEs, which is often a critical factor in any starting business.
https://business.inquirer.net/351550/laws-on-msme-development#ixzz7tMp0vZ1j

57. R.A. 7934 –Consumer Act of the Philippines (unfair trade practices)
Defines, prohibits and penalizes three types of anti-competitive conduct:
anti-competitive agreements, abuse of dominant position, and anti-
competitive mergers and acquisitions
RA 10667 The Philippine Competition Act
A Decree Instituting a Labor Code, Thereby Revising and Consolidating Labor
and Social Laws to Afford Protection to Labor, Promote Employment and Human
Resources Development and Ensure Industrial Peace Based on Social Justice
P.D. 442-Labor Code of the Philippines as amended & renumbered
R.A. 11058-Compliance with Occupational Safety and Health Standards
This law outlines the duties of employers, workers, and other persons in ensuring that
occupational safety and health (OSH) standards are met. It applies to all
establishments, projects, sites, and all other places where work is being undertaken in
all branches of economic activity (including those regulated by the Philippine Economic
Zone Authority) except in the public sector.

58. R.A. 10173 –Data Privacy Act of 2012
Data Privacy Act 2012 or Republic Act No.
10173 is a law that the Philippine
Congress has enacted to protect the
individual’s personal data, whether
sensitive or otherwise, in the information and
communications systems of the government
and of the private sector. The statute creates
for this purpose a National Privacy
Commission.
Introduces amendments to RA 9160 or the
Anti-Money Laundering Act of 2001 in a bid
to prevent the country from being included
on the “gray list” or countries with weak
policies against dirty money.
RA. 9160 - Anti-Money Laundering Act of 2001 as
amended by R.A. 11521

59. RA 9003 Ecological Solid Waste Management Act of 2000
RA 9275 Philippine Clean Water Act of 2004
RA 8749 Philippine Clean Air Act of 1999
RA 9442Magna Carta for PWDs
RA 9994 Expanded Senior Citizens Act of 2010
RA 8972 Solo Parents Welfare Act of 2000
RA 9710 Magna Carta for Women
Environment
Women, Senior Citizens, PWDs

60. Performance Management
Performance Management Resolution Policy
1. Duties and responsibilities of the
Board are well defined, segregated
and duly approved
- Special Order
- Appointment paper
2. Performance evaluation of all officers
(Evaluation Form formulated and
implemented)
3.Oversight functions of the Board

61. Policy Review Resolution Policy
4. Duties and responsibilities of the
Personnel are well defined, segregated
and duly approved
- Special Order
- Appointment paper
5. Performance evaluation of all Personnel
(Evaluation Form formulated and
implemented)
6. Human Resource Policy ( Recruitment,
selection, hiring, induction, promotion, staff
development, recognition, benefits,
Disciplinary action, separation, termination
and retirement, Succession Planning)
Adherence to laws, regulations

62. Policies on Social Development Resolution Policy
1. Education; scholarship Program
2. Health Program
3. Social events/Gathering
4. Social Protection (Insurance & Mutual
Benefits)
5. Disaster Risk Reduction & Management
6. Gender Equality & women
Empowerment
7. Others
Adherence to laws, regulations
Cooperative

63. Policies on Social Development Resolution Policy
1. PMES for non members
2. Environment Conservation & Protection
3. Health & Sanitation
4. Partnership & Community Groups
5. Sports, Cultural & Religious Activities
6. Disaster Risk Reduction Management
7. Gender Equality & Women
Empowerment
8. Membership Expansion
9. Support to the vulnerable sector of the
society (children, youth, PWD, Elderly,
IPs)
10. Others
Community

64. CDA MCs
1. Training Requirements of Officers MC 2015-09
2. Accountable Officers MC 2012-09
3. Signage MC 2017 -03
4. Membership Registry MC 2012 -16
5. Establishment of Satellite Offices MC 2016 -05
6. Prohibition of Elective Officials MC 2012 - 19
7. Organization of Subsidiary Cooperatives MC 2020 -30
8. Compensation MC 2013-22
9. Mainstreaming Gender and Development (GAD) in cooperatives MC 2013-22
10. Conduct of Conciliation – Mediation Proceedings Before CDA MC 2023-08
11. Clarificatory Issuance on the five consecutive year rule on the
engagement of external auditor
MC 2014-02
Adherence to laws, regulations

65. CDA MCs
12. Establishment of a Coop Branch MC 2015-11
13. Creation, Organization, Supervision, and Monitoring of Laboratory Coops MC 2021 -11
15. Capability building for Micro Coops MC 2017 -01
16. Social Audit on Coops MC 2018 - 01
17. Allocation and utilization of Community Development Fund (CDF) of the
Cooperatives
MC 2019 -11
18. Allocation and Distribution of Patronage Refund MC 2019-09
19. Allocation, Utilization and Remittance of CETF MC 2019-08
20. Prohibitions/Disqualifications under Art 39 (3) and (4) and Article 42
of RA 9520
MC 2020-31
21. Goodwill Program for Cooperative Officers MC 2020-30
Adherence to laws, regulations

66. CDA MCs
22. Standard Chart of Accounts for Cooperatives MC 2022-24
23. Philippines Financial Reporting Framework for Coops MC 2023 -13
24. Guidelines in the implementation of the CDA Certification Program for
Cooperative Development Officers (CDO) and Monitoring of the Compliance of
Certified Cooperative Development Officers
MC 2023 -12
Adherence to laws, regulations

67. If you are charged with the
responsibility to develop a policy,
it will be important to consider that
the policy you write will be
constrained by policies, laws and
regulations of federation, union,
regulatory bodies, community
expectations, government policy
and legislation. That is why wide
consultation is a key to successful
policy formulation.
Policy Constraints

69. PRODUCT
Savings. Lending,
gcash
Policies on Products and Services
Yellow
MPC
Tri
Transport
Coop
Babasit
Agriculture
Coop
Happy
ARB Coop
PRODUCT
Transport services.
marketing of petroleum
products
PRODUCT
Procurement of inputs,
Savings,
marketing
PRODUCT
Savings. Lending,
Processing and
marketing farm products

70. Aflatoun Capability
Building
HUB Sagep
Youth
Business/Operational Policies
Lending Trading Marketing Other
Services

71. A I
D A
AIDA
Infographic
Awareness
Desire
Interest
Action

77. 30%
30.6%
18.7%
26.04%
18.4% 16.60%
Fisher folks Farmers
AGRI PRODUCTS
Self Employed
Visit
HELP ME
SMILE RELAX
BUSINESS FINANCE MICRO
FINANCE

78. Dairy Box Trade Fairs

88. 3 Housing Models

90. HOME (sacdeco.com.ph)
Visit
2,508,200,856.00
SACDECO Dec. 18,
1984
61,318 274 24Br/3Sat Reg. 1, 2, 3,
and CAR
2,756,233,479.53 Women group-
members of the
Federated Rural
Improvement Club
Year
Registered
No. of
members
No. of
staff
No. of
Branches
/Satellites
Coverage Assets Initiated by
₱

97. Coop Fund Literacy Program
Youth Fun Run
Global Money Program
Youth Summit

98. Youth Forum
Youth Unity Walk
Conduct Strategic Planning
Conduct Video Presentation

101. Workshop 2
Policy Content
1. Subject of Title
2. Policy Statement
3. Purpose
4. Scope
5. Responsibility
6. Effectivity
Optional:
1. Background
2. Definition of Terms
30 minutes writing
30 minutes reporting

102. A failure to consult the people who will be affected
by the policy or who will implement the policy
A lack of communication between persons who are
involved or should be involved in the policy
formulation process
A failure to define the problem or the essential
issue(s), or an oversimplification of the issue(s)
Policy makers are unable to reach agreement over
basic facts.
Policy makers are biased in their research for
the policy formulation process.
Policy makers take a different and conflicting
position on key aspects of the policy •
Prejudice and stereotyping by policy makers
Causes of Bad Policy
A change of key players in the policy development process before it is completed
A lack of understanding of the importance of policies in organization management

103. Manual of Policies & Procedures
Ambisyon 2040
SDG 2030 Human Rights
Operations Management Strategic Management Human Resource Management

104. Made available to personnel
Kept in the coop’s s office
It would be prudent for organizations to have a
policy manual. This could be a ring binder that
collects all policies together in one place.
Once a policy manual is in existence everyone has
the chance to look up the policy on a particular
matter and then follow the recommended course of
action.
As a policy is amended, the policy manual must be
updated
Benefit of Policy Manuals

105. Workshop 3
Policy Analysis
Policy development and review is a
governance responsibility of the Board. An
effective policy development and review
process assists the Board in governing the
cooperative effectively.
Monitoring, evaluation, and feedback
assess the policy’s working, its impact on
society, and the achievement of targeted
objectives.

107. It is the board’s
responsibility to
evaluate how well
the policies are
being used within
the cooperative
The Management
staff who
administer
resources related
to the policy
Those
members
affected by
the policy
-

109. Steps in Policy Analysis
• Identify a situational problem and its
undesirable effects
• Pinpoint the possible policy problem (Why
it is happening?)
• Identify at least 3 policy alternatives that
will solve the policy problem and the
situational problem/
• To help you identify the best policy
alternative, enumerate at least 3 policy
evaluation criteria
• Using your policy evaluation , select the
best policy criteria alternative and justify
your choice

110. A. Problematic Situation
• High rate of loan delinquency
• Non performing loans
• Few collectors
• Exorbitant fees
B. Undesirable Effects
• Serious negative effects on your business,
• High receivables
• Increased collection costs
• Reputational risk.
• Poor financial performance and condition
Policy Analysis
on the
Borrowing and
Credit Policy
Sample

111. Policy Alternatives Effective Efficient Responsive Decision and Justification
Status Quo ** ** **
Payment reminders at every
stage
** ** **
Adapting a more stringent
collection policy from a lenient
policy for effective debt
recovery.
*** ** **** Collection policy to include
payment reminders,
impose penalties,
introduce direct debit
methods, create an app,
other mgmt. staff can also
help in loan collections
Impose penalties for late
payments
** ** ***
Direct Debit payments (ATM
Cards)
** *** **
online login or a mobile app,
create a place where your
borrowers will always know
exactly what they need to pay
and when
** * **

112. Workshop 3
30 minutes writing
30 minutes reporting
Policy Analysis

113. Conclusion
it’s important to make sure your staff
understands why following policies and
procedures is critical.
Employees understand the importance of
following policies and procedures.
The GM/CEO send out policy updates, and
require employee signatures to make sure
everyone has read the policy.
Create an online policy management, your staff
can access procedures from anywhere, using any
computer or mobile device.
Employees need to have easy access to an
up-to-date policy and procedure manual,

114. Members’ Participation
• For development to be possible, the central
focus must be to foster and enhance people's
capability to have a role in their society's
development. To this end, cooperatives
should be willingly involved in a wide range
of development activities, as agents and
beneficiaries of development.
• Understanding our interconnectedness and
shared responsibilities towards creating a
better world for all.

115. Advantage of Participation

116. We can begin by seriously
thinking words of some
people. Essentially, together
we can make a difference
Happiness shares is
happiness multiplied
Grief shared is grief
halved.