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plant reproduction.pptx
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- 2. Plant reproductionis the process of producing y oung plants. Plants reproduce in two different w ays: Asexual Reproduction involves one parent pro ducing genetically identical plants. Each plant is a clone or exact copy of its parents. Sexual Reproduction involves two parents, a male and a female, producing genetically differe nt plants. The new plants are different from each other and from the parents.
- 3. There areseveral reasons why seed plants find this form of reproduction advantageous. If the e nvironment has been stable for many generatio ns, variability may not be as essential to the sur vival of the species. Asexual reproduction which is not as complex a nd requires far less energy, would be preferabl e. When colonizing a new area, finding a mate for sexual reproduction may be difficult or impossibl e.
- 4. If theenvironment is particularly harsh, the m ore delicate or susceptible organs or stages of sexual reproduction may not be able to sur vive. Many plants which inhabit such areas as des erts or arctic tundra only reproduce asexually .
- 5. Root Stem Leaf Thenew dahlia plant grows from a root The new strawberry pl ant grows from the ste m or runner of a paren t plant. Roots and tiny new pl ants form at the botto m of a leaf cutting fro m an African violet
- 6. Nursery andgreenhouses workers produce n ew plants by Grafting. In grafting, the stem of the one plant grows on the root system of another plant. Experienced nursery workers are knowledgeable about which plants can b e grafted and different methods of grafting. A B
- 7. Plant Agrows excellent fruit Plant B grows strong roots Grafting combines desirable qualities of two different plants. This allows us to combine tre es that produce good fruit with trees that hav e strong roots.
- 8. Name fourways that plants reproduce asexually 1 Roots 2 stems 3 Leaves 4 Grafting What is the advantage of grafting plants? we can mix the good traits of plants
- 9. Plants flowerscontain its reproductive cells. Many plants have both the male and female sex organs on the same plant. In some case s they will have male and female flowers on t he same plant or they can have both the mal e and female organs on the same flower.
- 10. These plantsare called Hermaphrodites . Some plants such as poplars have separate male plants and female plants. This type of s exual reproduction is called? Sepa rate Sexes
- 11. Seeds arethe product of sexual repro duction in most plants. A seed is a complete r eproductive package that contains an Embryo , a food supply, and a seed coat which protects it from Drying Out .
- 12. Two groupsof seed-bearing plants are Angiosperms and Gymnosperm s . Flowering plants are called Angiosperms . Seeds form inside the Flowers . The seeds are enclosed in a case called a Pod or a shell . Some angiosperms include: Apples , Tomatoes , and sunflowers .
- 13. Plants thatdo not produce flowers are called gymnosperms . The seeds are produced inside Cones . The seeds are not enclosed in a case but ha ve Coat that protects them from dehydration. Some gymnosperms include: Pine tr ees and Fir trees
- 14. Other plantssuch as ferns and mosses reproduce sexually without bearing seeds.
- 15. The reproductiveorgans of an angiosperm ar e found in the Flowers . The female reproductive organ is called the Pistil . The pistil contains 4 parts.
- 16. The stigmais the sticky part that c aptures the pollen grains. The Style is the stalk that suppor ts the stigma. The Ovary contains the ovules. The Ovules are sacs containing th e female gametes.
- 17. The malereproductive organ is called the Stamen . The stamen contains 3 parts. The Anther is where the pollen is p roduced and stored. The Pollen Grains are ca ses containing the male gametes. The Filament is a stalk that supports t he anther.
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- 19. Pollination isthe process of Pollen Grain s from the anther reaching the stigma of th e Pistil so that seeds can develop i nside a flower. If the male and female gametes ( Egg and Sp erm ) come from the same plant the process is call ed Self pollination. If the gametes come from two different plants the pro cess is called Cross Pollination . In order for fertilization to occur, the pollen grain grow s and extension called a pollen Tube .
- 20. A Zygoteis formed when a sperm r eaches an Egg . In some plants the o vary surrounding the zygotes develops into t he Fruit . The fruit helps to protect and disperse the seeds.
- 21. The transportof seeds away from the parent plant is called Dispersal . Seeds can be eaten by Animals and fal l far away as droppings. Seeds can also stick to Fur of mammal s until rubbed off. Seeds can also be transported by the Wi nd and by running water .
- 22. The processby which a plant starts to grow i s called Germination . Gymnosperms are also called Conifers because their seeds are formed inside cones .