A novel Asymmetric Coplanar Strip (ACS) fed antenna with Defected Ground Structure (DGS) suitable for dual application is presented. The Method of Moments (MoM) based mentor graphics IE3D electromagnetic solver has been used for this design. Dual band operation has been obtained by modifying the ground plane of the proposed design with spur-slots. It has been fabricated and tested with the overall size of 21x15x1.6 mm3. The measured results indicate that the proposed antenna yields <-10dB impedance bandwidth of 13.13% and 9.86% which meets the requirement of 3.5GHz and 5.5GHz Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) and World Wide Interoperability
Microwave Access (WiMAX) applications. The approximate lumped equivalent circuit extraction for the proposed DGS fed dual band antenna has been discussed in detail. Because of its stable radiation patterns with low cross polarization,miniature size, high average antenna gain of 2.5dBi and good electromagnetic characteristics, the proposed antenna is a promising candidate for dual mode wireless communication devices.
PLANAR ACS FED DUAL BAND ANTENNA WITH DGS FOR WIRELESS APPLICATIONS jantjournal
A novel Asymmetric Coplanar Strip (ACS) fed antenna with Defected Ground Structure (DGS) suitable for dual application is presented. The Method of Moments (MoM) based mentor graphics IE3D electromagnetic solver has been used for this design. Dual band operation has been obtained by modifying the ground plane of the proposed design with spur-slots. It has been fabricated and tested with the overall size of 21x15x1.6 mm3 The measured results indicate that the proposed antenna yields <-10dB impedance bandwidth of 13.13% and 9.86% which meets the requirement of 3.5GHz and 5.5GHz Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) and World Wide Interoperability
Microwave Access (WiMAX) applications. The approximate lumped equivalent circuit extraction for the proposed DGS fed dual band antenna has been discussed in detail. Because of its stable radiation patterns with low cross polarization,miniature size, high average antenna gain of 2.5dBi and good electromagnetic characteristics, the proposed antenna is a promising candidate for dual mode wireless communication devices.
A dual-frequency microstrip patch antennas has been presented and used for 802.11WLAN
applications. The antennas had been designed, simulated and parametrically studied in CST Microwave
studio. By introducing u-slot, dual-band operation with its operating mode centered at frequency 2.4GHz,
3.65GHz and 5.2GHz had been obtained. The gain and directivity had been improved by adjusting the
parameters of the antennas. The gain of the proposed designs was 6.019dBi, 4.04dBi and 6.22dBi and
directivity was 6.02dBi, 4.05dBi and 6.22dBi at resonant frequencies 2.4GHz, 3.6GHz and 5.2GHz
respectively. The patch antennas had been proposed to be used in portable devices that require
miniaturized constituent parts.
Design of antennas for the latest upcoming standards of WLAN is considered as a key challenge in the RF Communication Engineering. Micro-strip antennas are supposed to have some quality features in mobile and wireless communication systems. Their weight and size are reduced and they are capable of having low power capacity. All these interesting features enabled these type of antennas suitable for the communication of IEEE 802.11ax-2019 high speed WLANs. Shape of these antennas can be designed in an efficient manner to achieve required gain and bandwidth. In this paper the concept of circular polarization has been introduced along with compact design of antennas in order to achieve return loss and axial ratio of less than -10 dB and 3dB respectively. Antenna has been designed and simulated on CST MW studio software and usage of dual bands 2.4 and 5.2GHz having circular polarization is properly elucidated for 802.11ax-2019.
Novel fractal antenna for UWB applications using the coplanar waveguide feed ...IJECEIAES
In this study an original Coplanar Waveguide (CPW) antenna has been achieved into simulation and manufacturing in order to be an important candidate for the Ultra-wideband applications. The area of the proposed structure is 34mm x 43mm operating in the frequency range 3.1 GHz – 10.6 GHz released as UWB by the Federal Communications Commission (FCC). To perform the design of the proposed CPW antenna two electromagnetic solvers has been adopted which are CST of Microwave Studio and ADS of Agilent. The radiating patch has been chosen circular with fractal geometry based on circular slots with different sizes. The dielectric substrate is an Epoxy FR4 with a Relative permittivity 4.4, a thickness 1.6 and a loss tangent 0.025. To valid the functionality of the antenna two parameters has been computed which are the coefficient of reflection and the radiation pattern and confirmed into measurement by using the Network Analyser and the anechoic chamber.
Size Reduction and Gain Enhancement of a Microstrip Antenna using Partially D...IJECEIAES
Microwave engineers have been known to designedly created defects in the shape of carved out patterns on the ground plane of microstrip circuits and transmission lines for a long time, although their implementations to the antennas are comparatively new. The term Defected Ground Structure (DGS), precisely means a single or finite number of defects. At the beginning, DGS was employed underneath printed feed lines to suppress higher harmonics. Then DGS was directly integrated with antennas to improve the radiation characteristics, gain and to suppress mutual coupling between adjacent elements. Since then, the DGS techniques have been explored extensively and have led to many possible applications in the communication industry. The objective of this paper is to design and investigate microstrip patch antenna that operates at 2.4 GHz for Wireless Local Area Network WLAN IEEE 802.11b/g/n, ,Zigbee, Wireless HART, Bluetooth and several proprietary technologies that operate in the 2.4 GHz band. The design of the proposed antenna involves using partially Defected Ground Structure and circular/cross slots and compare it to the traditional microstrip patch antenna. The results show improvement in both the gain of 3.45 dB and the S11 response of -22.3 dB along with reduction in the overall dimensions of the antenna. As a conclusion, the performance of the antenna has been improved through the incorporation with the DGS and slots structures regarding the S11 response and the gain. The proposed antenna become more compact. Finally, the radiation pattern of proposed antenna has remained directional in spite of adding slots on the ground plane.
PLANAR ACS FED DUAL BAND ANTENNA WITH DGS FOR WIRELESS APPLICATIONS jantjournal
A novel Asymmetric Coplanar Strip (ACS) fed antenna with Defected Ground Structure (DGS) suitable for dual application is presented. The Method of Moments (MoM) based mentor graphics IE3D electromagnetic solver has been used for this design. Dual band operation has been obtained by modifying the ground plane of the proposed design with spur-slots. It has been fabricated and tested with the overall size of 21x15x1.6 mm3 The measured results indicate that the proposed antenna yields <-10dB impedance bandwidth of 13.13% and 9.86% which meets the requirement of 3.5GHz and 5.5GHz Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) and World Wide Interoperability
Microwave Access (WiMAX) applications. The approximate lumped equivalent circuit extraction for the proposed DGS fed dual band antenna has been discussed in detail. Because of its stable radiation patterns with low cross polarization,miniature size, high average antenna gain of 2.5dBi and good electromagnetic characteristics, the proposed antenna is a promising candidate for dual mode wireless communication devices.
A dual-frequency microstrip patch antennas has been presented and used for 802.11WLAN
applications. The antennas had been designed, simulated and parametrically studied in CST Microwave
studio. By introducing u-slot, dual-band operation with its operating mode centered at frequency 2.4GHz,
3.65GHz and 5.2GHz had been obtained. The gain and directivity had been improved by adjusting the
parameters of the antennas. The gain of the proposed designs was 6.019dBi, 4.04dBi and 6.22dBi and
directivity was 6.02dBi, 4.05dBi and 6.22dBi at resonant frequencies 2.4GHz, 3.6GHz and 5.2GHz
respectively. The patch antennas had been proposed to be used in portable devices that require
miniaturized constituent parts.
Design of antennas for the latest upcoming standards of WLAN is considered as a key challenge in the RF Communication Engineering. Micro-strip antennas are supposed to have some quality features in mobile and wireless communication systems. Their weight and size are reduced and they are capable of having low power capacity. All these interesting features enabled these type of antennas suitable for the communication of IEEE 802.11ax-2019 high speed WLANs. Shape of these antennas can be designed in an efficient manner to achieve required gain and bandwidth. In this paper the concept of circular polarization has been introduced along with compact design of antennas in order to achieve return loss and axial ratio of less than -10 dB and 3dB respectively. Antenna has been designed and simulated on CST MW studio software and usage of dual bands 2.4 and 5.2GHz having circular polarization is properly elucidated for 802.11ax-2019.
Novel fractal antenna for UWB applications using the coplanar waveguide feed ...IJECEIAES
In this study an original Coplanar Waveguide (CPW) antenna has been achieved into simulation and manufacturing in order to be an important candidate for the Ultra-wideband applications. The area of the proposed structure is 34mm x 43mm operating in the frequency range 3.1 GHz – 10.6 GHz released as UWB by the Federal Communications Commission (FCC). To perform the design of the proposed CPW antenna two electromagnetic solvers has been adopted which are CST of Microwave Studio and ADS of Agilent. The radiating patch has been chosen circular with fractal geometry based on circular slots with different sizes. The dielectric substrate is an Epoxy FR4 with a Relative permittivity 4.4, a thickness 1.6 and a loss tangent 0.025. To valid the functionality of the antenna two parameters has been computed which are the coefficient of reflection and the radiation pattern and confirmed into measurement by using the Network Analyser and the anechoic chamber.
Size Reduction and Gain Enhancement of a Microstrip Antenna using Partially D...IJECEIAES
Microwave engineers have been known to designedly created defects in the shape of carved out patterns on the ground plane of microstrip circuits and transmission lines for a long time, although their implementations to the antennas are comparatively new. The term Defected Ground Structure (DGS), precisely means a single or finite number of defects. At the beginning, DGS was employed underneath printed feed lines to suppress higher harmonics. Then DGS was directly integrated with antennas to improve the radiation characteristics, gain and to suppress mutual coupling between adjacent elements. Since then, the DGS techniques have been explored extensively and have led to many possible applications in the communication industry. The objective of this paper is to design and investigate microstrip patch antenna that operates at 2.4 GHz for Wireless Local Area Network WLAN IEEE 802.11b/g/n, ,Zigbee, Wireless HART, Bluetooth and several proprietary technologies that operate in the 2.4 GHz band. The design of the proposed antenna involves using partially Defected Ground Structure and circular/cross slots and compare it to the traditional microstrip patch antenna. The results show improvement in both the gain of 3.45 dB and the S11 response of -22.3 dB along with reduction in the overall dimensions of the antenna. As a conclusion, the performance of the antenna has been improved through the incorporation with the DGS and slots structures regarding the S11 response and the gain. The proposed antenna become more compact. Finally, the radiation pattern of proposed antenna has remained directional in spite of adding slots on the ground plane.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
International Journal of Engineering Research and DevelopmentIJERD Editor
Electrical, Electronics and Computer Engineering,
Information Engineering and Technology,
Mechanical, Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering,
Automation and Mechatronics Engineering,
Material and Chemical Engineering,
Civil and Architecture Engineering,
Biotechnology and Bio Engineering,
Environmental Engineering,
Petroleum and Mining Engineering,
Marine and Agriculture engineering,
Aerospace Engineering.
Design of Square Miniaturized L Band Fractal AntennaEditor IJMTER
This paper introduces a new square patch miniaturized antenna operating in L band. The
design and analysis of the antenna is executed using IE3D electromagnetic simulation software using
substrate parameter of glass epoxy FR-4 substrate. In this paper, a Square patch of 10X10 mm2 is
investigated. In further improvements, parts of the patch are removed in two iterations to obtain a
miniaturized antenna. The proposed fractal antenna has a great potential of application and gives a
stable radiation performance in the frequency range of 1.333 GHz to 2 GHz.
Performance of Groundplane Shaping in Four-Element Dualband MIMO AntennaTELKOMNIKA JOURNAL
This work presents performance of groundplane shaping and its effect in four element dualband
multiple input multiple output (MIMO) antenna. This proposed four element dualband MIMO antenna
consists of four bowtie dipole antenna which operates at 1800 MHz (low frequency) and 2300 MHz (high
frequency). This proposed four element dualband MIMO antenna occupies a 270 x 210 x 100 mm3 of FR
4 substrate. We use four types of groundplane pattern i.e. full groundplane, cornered spatial groundplane,
crossed middle groundplane, and spiral groundplane. These various grounplane patterns influence the
performance of main parameters of dualband MIMO antenna. Cornered spatial groundplane pattern yields
a largest bandwidth (VSWR ≤ 2) 282 MHz or 15.24% of center frequency at low frequency. Full
groundplane pattern creates 135.2 MHz at high frequency. In addition, cornered spatial groundplane
pattern also generates a lowest VSWR that is valued 1.21 at both low frequency and high frequency. The
S parameters, basically both cornered spatial and full groundplane pattern produce a better return loss
than two others. All four groundplane patterns deliver equally a mutual coupling parameter.The last, this
proposed four element dualband MIMO with various groundplane patterns gives a good farfield properties
i.e. gain, radiation pattern, H-E field.
Inverted Diamond-shaped Notched Substrate and Patch for High-frequency Interf...IJECEIAES
Notches loaded on a patch antenna can affect significantly on the antenna impedance matching. Therefore, notching technique is an efficient way to reduce the electromagnetic interference with unwanted bands. In this paper, a novel inverted diamond - shaped closed-end slot on a substrate and vertexfed printed hexagonal patch ultra - wideband antenna is proposed for highfrequency band rejection. This antenna is fed using coplanar waveguide, and it is optimised by veering several patch parameters which further improved the inter bandwidth at both the lower and upper bands. However, the centrenotched band is shifted from 6GHz to 7.5GHz by cutting the inverted diamond shape in a special process. The developed ultra-wideband antenna is verified by comparing the simulation results with the measurement results. The measured results with a fractional bandwidth of 133% have a good agreement with the simulation results 146%. Moreover, the measured radiation showed omnidirectional patterns.
A Compact Multiple Band-Notched Planer Antenna with Enhanced Bandwidth Using ...Radita Apriana
UWB antenna with dual notched characteristics fed by microstrip transmission line is presented in
this paper. The tapered connection between the rectangular patch and the feed line is used to produce a
good impedance matching from 2.3 to 11.5 GHz. A dual band frequency notches are achieved using UDGS
loaded with lumped capacitors. The first notch frequency band is achieved using DGS to reduce the
interference with WIMAX from 3.3 to 3.7 Ghz. The second notch frequency band is also achieved using Uparasitic
strip placed in the ground plan to eliminate the interference with WLAN from 5.2 to 5.9 GHz.
Lumped capacitors are combined with the slot due to miniaturize the slot size. The size of the resonator is
reduced by more than 40% when lumped capacitors are used. The proposed antenna hasVSWR < 2
except the notched bands. The simulated results confirm that the antenna is suitable for UWB applications.
A Miniature Microstrip Antenna Array using Circular Shaped Dumbbell for ISM B...IJECEIAES
The aim of this work is the achievement, and the validation of a small microstrip patch antenna array using a circular shaped dumbbell defected ground structure. This work has been dividing into two stages: The first step is to miniaturize a microstrip patch antenna resonating at 5.8GHz, which operate in the Industrial Scientific Medical band (ISM) and the second is to use a circular defected ground structure to shift the resonance frequency of the antenna array from 5.8GHz to 2.45GHz. At last, a miniaturization up to 74.47%, relative to the original microstrip antenna array has accomplished. The antenna structure has designed, optimized and miniaturized using CST MW Studio. The obtained results have compared with Ansoft’s HFSS electromagnetic solver. The antenna array has fabricated on FR-4 substrate, and its reflection coefficient is measured.
PLANAR ACS FED DUAL BAND ANTENNA WITH DGS FOR WIRELESS APPLICATIONSjantjournal
A novel Asymmetric Coplanar Strip (ACS) fed antenna with Defected Ground Structure (DGS) suitable for dual application is presented. The Method of Moments (MoM) based mentor graphics IE3D electromagnetic solver has been used for this design. Dual band operation has been obtained by modifying the ground plane of the proposed design with spur-slots. It has been fabricated and tested with the overall size of 21x15x1.6 mm3. The measured results indicate that the proposed antenna yields <-10dB impedance bandwidth of 13.13% and 9.86% which meets the requirement of 3.5GHz and 5.5GHz Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) and World Wide Interoperability Microwave Access (WiMAX) applications. The approximate lumped equivalent circuit extraction for the proposed DGS fed dual band antenna has been discussed in detail. Because of its stable radiation patterns with low cross polarization,miniature size, high average antenna gain of 2.5dBi and good electromagnetic characteristics, the proposed antenna is a promising candidate for dual mode wireless communication devices.
PLANAR ACS FED DUAL BAND ANTENNA WITH DGS FOR WIRELESS APPLICATIONSjantjournal
A novel Asymmetric Coplanar Strip (ACS) fed antenna with Defected Ground Structure (DGS) suitable for dual application is presented. The Method of Moments (MoM) based mentor graphics IE3D electromagnetic solver has been used for this design. Dual band operation has been obtained by modifying the ground plane of the proposed design with spur-slots. It has been fabricated and tested with the overall size of 21x15x1.6 mm3. The measured results indicate that the proposed antenna yields <-10dB impedance bandwidth of 13.13% and 9.86% which meets the requirement of 3.5GHz and 5.5GHz Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) and World Wide Interoperability Microwave Access (WiMAX) applications. The approximate lumped equivalent circuit extraction for the proposed DGS fed dual band antenna has been discussed in detail. Because of its stable radiation patterns with low cross polarization,miniature size, high average antenna gain of 2.5dBi and good electromagnetic characteristics, the proposed antenna is a promising candidate for dual mode wireless communication devices.
PLANAR ACS FED DUAL BAND ANTENNA WITH DGS FOR WIRELESS APPLICATIONS jantjournal
A novel Asymmetric Coplanar Strip (ACS) fed antenna with Defected Ground Structure (DGS) suitable for dual application is presented. The Method of Moments (MoM) based mentor graphics IE3D electromagnetic solver has been used for this design. Dual band operation has been obtained by modifying the ground plane of the proposed design with spur-slots. It has been fabricated and tested with the overall size of 21x15x1.6 mm3. The measured results indicate that the proposed antenna yields <-10dB impedance bandwidth of 13.13% and 9.86% which meets the requirement of 3.5GHz and 5.5GHz Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) and World Wide Interoperability Microwave Access (WiMAX) applications. The approximate lumped equivalent circuit extraction for the proposed DGS fed dual band antenna has been discussed in detail. Because of its stable radiation patterns with low cross polarization,miniature size, high average antenna gain of 2.5dBi and good electromagnetic characteristics, the proposed antenna is a promising candidate for dual mode wireless communication devices.
PLANAR ACS FED DUAL BAND ANTENNA WITH DGS FOR WIRELESS APPLICATIONS jantjournal
A novel Asymmetric Coplanar Strip (ACS) fed antenna with Defected Ground Structure (DGS) suitable for dual application is presented. The Method of Moments (MoM) based mentor graphics IE3D electromagnetic solver has been used for this design. Dual band operation has been obtained by modifying the ground plane of the proposed design with spur-slots. It has been fabricated and tested with the overall size of 21x15x1.6 mm3. The measured results indicate that the proposed antenna yields <-10dB impedance bandwidth of 13.13% and 9.86% which meets the requirement of 3.5GHz and 5.5GHz Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) and World Wide Interoperability Microwave Access (WiMAX) applications. The approximate lumped equivalent circuit extraction for the proposed DGS fed dual band antenna has been discussed in detail. Because of its stable radiation patterns with low cross polarization,miniature size, high average antenna gain of 2.5dBi and good electromagnetic characteristics, the proposed antenna is a promising candidate for dual mode wireless communication devices.
PLANAR ACS FED DUAL BAND ANTENNA WITH DGS FOR WIRELESS APPLICATIONSjantjournal
A novel Asymmetric Coplanar Strip (ACS) fed antenna with Defected Ground Structure (DGS) suitable for dual application is presented. The Method of Moments (MoM) based mentor graphics IE3D electromagnetic solver has been used for this design. Dual band operation has been obtained by modifying the ground plane of the proposed design with spur-slots. It has been fabricated and tested with the overall size of 21x15x1.6 mm3. The measured results indicate that the proposed antenna yields <-10dB impedance bandwidth of 13.13% and 9.86% which meets the requirement of 3.5GHz and 5.5GHz Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) and World Wide Interoperability Microwave Access (WiMAX) applications. The approximate lumped equivalent circuit extraction for the proposed DGS fed dual band antenna has been discussed in detail. Because of its stable radiation patterns with low cross polarization,miniature size, high average antenna gain of 2.5dBi and good electromagnetic characteristics, the proposed antenna is a promising candidate for dual mode wireless communication devices.
PLANAR ACS FED DUAL BAND ANTENNA WITH DGS FOR WIRELESS APPLICATIONSjantjournal
A novel Asymmetric Coplanar Strip (ACS) fed antenna with Defected Ground Structure (DGS) suitable for dual application is presented. The Method of Moments (MoM) based mentor graphics IE3D electromagnetic solver has been used for this design. Dual band operation has been obtained by modifying the ground plane of the proposed design with spur-slots. It has been fabricated and tested with the overall size of 21x15x1.6 mm3. The measured results indicate that the proposed antenna yields <-10dB impedance bandwidth of 13.13% and 9.86% which meets the requirement of 3.5GHz and 5.5GHz Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) and World Wide Interoperability Microwave Access (WiMAX) applications. The approximate lumped equivalent circuit extraction for the proposed DGS fed dual band antenna has been discussed in detail. Because of its stable radiation patterns with low cross polarization,miniature size, high average antenna gain of 2.5dBi and good electromagnetic characteristics, the proposed antenna is a promising candidate for dual mode wireless communication devices.
PLANAR ACS FED DUAL BAND ANTENNA WITH DGS FOR WIRELESS APPLICATIONSjantjournal
A novel Asymmetric Coplanar Strip (ACS) fed antenna with Defected Ground Structure (DGS) suitable for dual application is presented. The Method of Moments (MoM) based mentor graphics IE3D electromagnetic solver has been used for this design. Dual band operation has been obtained by modifying the ground plane of the proposed design with spur-slots. It has been fabricated and tested with the overall size of 21x15x1.6 mm3. The measured results indicate that the proposed antenna yields <-10dB impedance bandwidth of 13.13% and 9.86% which meets the requirement of 3.5GHz and 5.5GHz Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) and World Wide Interoperability Microwave Access (WiMAX) applications. The approximate lumped equivalent circuit extraction for the proposed DGS fed dual band antenna has been discussed in detail. Because of its stable radiation patterns with low cross polarization,miniature size, high average antenna gain of 2.5dBi and good electromagnetic characteristics, the proposed antenna is a promising candidate for dual mode wireless communication devices.
A ring monopole quad band antenna loaded with metamaterial and slots for wire...journalBEEI
The present wireless applications demand a compact, multi-operated, and stable radiation pattern antenna with good gain and impedance matching performance. To accomplish this requirement. In this paper, we propose a compact metamaterial structure loaded quad band antenna. The structural specifications/layout of the antenna consists of a circular ring monopole fed by a microstrip line. The ground part of the antenna is loaded with a metamaterial rectangular split-ring resonator (RSRR), an L-shaped slot, and two horizontally placed rectangular slots parallel to each other. No external matching circuit is utilized and impedance matching is solely controlled by the placement of slots. The antenna shows operation at 2.1 GHz (2.01-2.24 GHz, a bandwidth of 230 MHz (WLAN)), 4.5 GHz (4.35-4.66 GHz, a bandwidth of 310 MHz (C-band)), 5.5 GHz (5.37-5.77 GHz bandwidth of 400 MHz (WiMAX)), and 7.2 GHz (7.08-7.33 GHz, a bandwidth of 250 MHz (satellite band)). The antenna exhibits good gain and stable radiation pattern in both the plane and thus can be utilized for aforementioned applications.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
International Journal of Engineering Research and DevelopmentIJERD Editor
Electrical, Electronics and Computer Engineering,
Information Engineering and Technology,
Mechanical, Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering,
Automation and Mechatronics Engineering,
Material and Chemical Engineering,
Civil and Architecture Engineering,
Biotechnology and Bio Engineering,
Environmental Engineering,
Petroleum and Mining Engineering,
Marine and Agriculture engineering,
Aerospace Engineering.
Design of Square Miniaturized L Band Fractal AntennaEditor IJMTER
This paper introduces a new square patch miniaturized antenna operating in L band. The
design and analysis of the antenna is executed using IE3D electromagnetic simulation software using
substrate parameter of glass epoxy FR-4 substrate. In this paper, a Square patch of 10X10 mm2 is
investigated. In further improvements, parts of the patch are removed in two iterations to obtain a
miniaturized antenna. The proposed fractal antenna has a great potential of application and gives a
stable radiation performance in the frequency range of 1.333 GHz to 2 GHz.
Performance of Groundplane Shaping in Four-Element Dualband MIMO AntennaTELKOMNIKA JOURNAL
This work presents performance of groundplane shaping and its effect in four element dualband
multiple input multiple output (MIMO) antenna. This proposed four element dualband MIMO antenna
consists of four bowtie dipole antenna which operates at 1800 MHz (low frequency) and 2300 MHz (high
frequency). This proposed four element dualband MIMO antenna occupies a 270 x 210 x 100 mm3 of FR
4 substrate. We use four types of groundplane pattern i.e. full groundplane, cornered spatial groundplane,
crossed middle groundplane, and spiral groundplane. These various grounplane patterns influence the
performance of main parameters of dualband MIMO antenna. Cornered spatial groundplane pattern yields
a largest bandwidth (VSWR ≤ 2) 282 MHz or 15.24% of center frequency at low frequency. Full
groundplane pattern creates 135.2 MHz at high frequency. In addition, cornered spatial groundplane
pattern also generates a lowest VSWR that is valued 1.21 at both low frequency and high frequency. The
S parameters, basically both cornered spatial and full groundplane pattern produce a better return loss
than two others. All four groundplane patterns deliver equally a mutual coupling parameter.The last, this
proposed four element dualband MIMO with various groundplane patterns gives a good farfield properties
i.e. gain, radiation pattern, H-E field.
Inverted Diamond-shaped Notched Substrate and Patch for High-frequency Interf...IJECEIAES
Notches loaded on a patch antenna can affect significantly on the antenna impedance matching. Therefore, notching technique is an efficient way to reduce the electromagnetic interference with unwanted bands. In this paper, a novel inverted diamond - shaped closed-end slot on a substrate and vertexfed printed hexagonal patch ultra - wideband antenna is proposed for highfrequency band rejection. This antenna is fed using coplanar waveguide, and it is optimised by veering several patch parameters which further improved the inter bandwidth at both the lower and upper bands. However, the centrenotched band is shifted from 6GHz to 7.5GHz by cutting the inverted diamond shape in a special process. The developed ultra-wideband antenna is verified by comparing the simulation results with the measurement results. The measured results with a fractional bandwidth of 133% have a good agreement with the simulation results 146%. Moreover, the measured radiation showed omnidirectional patterns.
A Compact Multiple Band-Notched Planer Antenna with Enhanced Bandwidth Using ...Radita Apriana
UWB antenna with dual notched characteristics fed by microstrip transmission line is presented in
this paper. The tapered connection between the rectangular patch and the feed line is used to produce a
good impedance matching from 2.3 to 11.5 GHz. A dual band frequency notches are achieved using UDGS
loaded with lumped capacitors. The first notch frequency band is achieved using DGS to reduce the
interference with WIMAX from 3.3 to 3.7 Ghz. The second notch frequency band is also achieved using Uparasitic
strip placed in the ground plan to eliminate the interference with WLAN from 5.2 to 5.9 GHz.
Lumped capacitors are combined with the slot due to miniaturize the slot size. The size of the resonator is
reduced by more than 40% when lumped capacitors are used. The proposed antenna hasVSWR < 2
except the notched bands. The simulated results confirm that the antenna is suitable for UWB applications.
A Miniature Microstrip Antenna Array using Circular Shaped Dumbbell for ISM B...IJECEIAES
The aim of this work is the achievement, and the validation of a small microstrip patch antenna array using a circular shaped dumbbell defected ground structure. This work has been dividing into two stages: The first step is to miniaturize a microstrip patch antenna resonating at 5.8GHz, which operate in the Industrial Scientific Medical band (ISM) and the second is to use a circular defected ground structure to shift the resonance frequency of the antenna array from 5.8GHz to 2.45GHz. At last, a miniaturization up to 74.47%, relative to the original microstrip antenna array has accomplished. The antenna structure has designed, optimized and miniaturized using CST MW Studio. The obtained results have compared with Ansoft’s HFSS electromagnetic solver. The antenna array has fabricated on FR-4 substrate, and its reflection coefficient is measured.
PLANAR ACS FED DUAL BAND ANTENNA WITH DGS FOR WIRELESS APPLICATIONSjantjournal
A novel Asymmetric Coplanar Strip (ACS) fed antenna with Defected Ground Structure (DGS) suitable for dual application is presented. The Method of Moments (MoM) based mentor graphics IE3D electromagnetic solver has been used for this design. Dual band operation has been obtained by modifying the ground plane of the proposed design with spur-slots. It has been fabricated and tested with the overall size of 21x15x1.6 mm3. The measured results indicate that the proposed antenna yields <-10dB impedance bandwidth of 13.13% and 9.86% which meets the requirement of 3.5GHz and 5.5GHz Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) and World Wide Interoperability Microwave Access (WiMAX) applications. The approximate lumped equivalent circuit extraction for the proposed DGS fed dual band antenna has been discussed in detail. Because of its stable radiation patterns with low cross polarization,miniature size, high average antenna gain of 2.5dBi and good electromagnetic characteristics, the proposed antenna is a promising candidate for dual mode wireless communication devices.
PLANAR ACS FED DUAL BAND ANTENNA WITH DGS FOR WIRELESS APPLICATIONSjantjournal
A novel Asymmetric Coplanar Strip (ACS) fed antenna with Defected Ground Structure (DGS) suitable for dual application is presented. The Method of Moments (MoM) based mentor graphics IE3D electromagnetic solver has been used for this design. Dual band operation has been obtained by modifying the ground plane of the proposed design with spur-slots. It has been fabricated and tested with the overall size of 21x15x1.6 mm3. The measured results indicate that the proposed antenna yields <-10dB impedance bandwidth of 13.13% and 9.86% which meets the requirement of 3.5GHz and 5.5GHz Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) and World Wide Interoperability Microwave Access (WiMAX) applications. The approximate lumped equivalent circuit extraction for the proposed DGS fed dual band antenna has been discussed in detail. Because of its stable radiation patterns with low cross polarization,miniature size, high average antenna gain of 2.5dBi and good electromagnetic characteristics, the proposed antenna is a promising candidate for dual mode wireless communication devices.
PLANAR ACS FED DUAL BAND ANTENNA WITH DGS FOR WIRELESS APPLICATIONS jantjournal
A novel Asymmetric Coplanar Strip (ACS) fed antenna with Defected Ground Structure (DGS) suitable for dual application is presented. The Method of Moments (MoM) based mentor graphics IE3D electromagnetic solver has been used for this design. Dual band operation has been obtained by modifying the ground plane of the proposed design with spur-slots. It has been fabricated and tested with the overall size of 21x15x1.6 mm3. The measured results indicate that the proposed antenna yields <-10dB impedance bandwidth of 13.13% and 9.86% which meets the requirement of 3.5GHz and 5.5GHz Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) and World Wide Interoperability Microwave Access (WiMAX) applications. The approximate lumped equivalent circuit extraction for the proposed DGS fed dual band antenna has been discussed in detail. Because of its stable radiation patterns with low cross polarization,miniature size, high average antenna gain of 2.5dBi and good electromagnetic characteristics, the proposed antenna is a promising candidate for dual mode wireless communication devices.
PLANAR ACS FED DUAL BAND ANTENNA WITH DGS FOR WIRELESS APPLICATIONS jantjournal
A novel Asymmetric Coplanar Strip (ACS) fed antenna with Defected Ground Structure (DGS) suitable for dual application is presented. The Method of Moments (MoM) based mentor graphics IE3D electromagnetic solver has been used for this design. Dual band operation has been obtained by modifying the ground plane of the proposed design with spur-slots. It has been fabricated and tested with the overall size of 21x15x1.6 mm3. The measured results indicate that the proposed antenna yields <-10dB impedance bandwidth of 13.13% and 9.86% which meets the requirement of 3.5GHz and 5.5GHz Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) and World Wide Interoperability Microwave Access (WiMAX) applications. The approximate lumped equivalent circuit extraction for the proposed DGS fed dual band antenna has been discussed in detail. Because of its stable radiation patterns with low cross polarization,miniature size, high average antenna gain of 2.5dBi and good electromagnetic characteristics, the proposed antenna is a promising candidate for dual mode wireless communication devices.
PLANAR ACS FED DUAL BAND ANTENNA WITH DGS FOR WIRELESS APPLICATIONSjantjournal
A novel Asymmetric Coplanar Strip (ACS) fed antenna with Defected Ground Structure (DGS) suitable for dual application is presented. The Method of Moments (MoM) based mentor graphics IE3D electromagnetic solver has been used for this design. Dual band operation has been obtained by modifying the ground plane of the proposed design with spur-slots. It has been fabricated and tested with the overall size of 21x15x1.6 mm3. The measured results indicate that the proposed antenna yields <-10dB impedance bandwidth of 13.13% and 9.86% which meets the requirement of 3.5GHz and 5.5GHz Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) and World Wide Interoperability Microwave Access (WiMAX) applications. The approximate lumped equivalent circuit extraction for the proposed DGS fed dual band antenna has been discussed in detail. Because of its stable radiation patterns with low cross polarization,miniature size, high average antenna gain of 2.5dBi and good electromagnetic characteristics, the proposed antenna is a promising candidate for dual mode wireless communication devices.
PLANAR ACS FED DUAL BAND ANTENNA WITH DGS FOR WIRELESS APPLICATIONSjantjournal
A novel Asymmetric Coplanar Strip (ACS) fed antenna with Defected Ground Structure (DGS) suitable for dual application is presented. The Method of Moments (MoM) based mentor graphics IE3D electromagnetic solver has been used for this design. Dual band operation has been obtained by modifying the ground plane of the proposed design with spur-slots. It has been fabricated and tested with the overall size of 21x15x1.6 mm3. The measured results indicate that the proposed antenna yields <-10dB impedance bandwidth of 13.13% and 9.86% which meets the requirement of 3.5GHz and 5.5GHz Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) and World Wide Interoperability Microwave Access (WiMAX) applications. The approximate lumped equivalent circuit extraction for the proposed DGS fed dual band antenna has been discussed in detail. Because of its stable radiation patterns with low cross polarization,miniature size, high average antenna gain of 2.5dBi and good electromagnetic characteristics, the proposed antenna is a promising candidate for dual mode wireless communication devices.
PLANAR ACS FED DUAL BAND ANTENNA WITH DGS FOR WIRELESS APPLICATIONSjantjournal
A novel Asymmetric Coplanar Strip (ACS) fed antenna with Defected Ground Structure (DGS) suitable for dual application is presented. The Method of Moments (MoM) based mentor graphics IE3D electromagnetic solver has been used for this design. Dual band operation has been obtained by modifying the ground plane of the proposed design with spur-slots. It has been fabricated and tested with the overall size of 21x15x1.6 mm3. The measured results indicate that the proposed antenna yields <-10dB impedance bandwidth of 13.13% and 9.86% which meets the requirement of 3.5GHz and 5.5GHz Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) and World Wide Interoperability Microwave Access (WiMAX) applications. The approximate lumped equivalent circuit extraction for the proposed DGS fed dual band antenna has been discussed in detail. Because of its stable radiation patterns with low cross polarization,miniature size, high average antenna gain of 2.5dBi and good electromagnetic characteristics, the proposed antenna is a promising candidate for dual mode wireless communication devices.
A ring monopole quad band antenna loaded with metamaterial and slots for wire...journalBEEI
The present wireless applications demand a compact, multi-operated, and stable radiation pattern antenna with good gain and impedance matching performance. To accomplish this requirement. In this paper, we propose a compact metamaterial structure loaded quad band antenna. The structural specifications/layout of the antenna consists of a circular ring monopole fed by a microstrip line. The ground part of the antenna is loaded with a metamaterial rectangular split-ring resonator (RSRR), an L-shaped slot, and two horizontally placed rectangular slots parallel to each other. No external matching circuit is utilized and impedance matching is solely controlled by the placement of slots. The antenna shows operation at 2.1 GHz (2.01-2.24 GHz, a bandwidth of 230 MHz (WLAN)), 4.5 GHz (4.35-4.66 GHz, a bandwidth of 310 MHz (C-band)), 5.5 GHz (5.37-5.77 GHz bandwidth of 400 MHz (WiMAX)), and 7.2 GHz (7.08-7.33 GHz, a bandwidth of 250 MHz (satellite band)). The antenna exhibits good gain and stable radiation pattern in both the plane and thus can be utilized for aforementioned applications.
BODY ANTENNA WITH DGS FOR BODY CENTRIC WIRELESS COMMUNICATION SYSTEMjantjournal
This paper presents modified patch antenna for 3 GHz and 5 GHz operating frequencies. Here different approaches are studied by varying slot sizes, defected ground size, notch and also changing feed position. Insertion of slots gives dual frequency operation. Notch provides shifting of lower frequency band towards left hand side. Here combined effect of each techniques adopted gives desired result. Proposed antenna resonates for 3 and 5 GHz frequency. Simulation is done using IE3D software for various parameters. Return loss of final design was -12.17 dB for 3 GHz frequency and VSWR of 1.65. For 5 GHz simulation response was -10.04dB return loss and VSWR of 1.91. Proposed antenna is fabricated giving different details. Paper gives good agreement between measured and simulated results.
BODY ANTENNA WITH DGS FOR BODY CENTRIC WIRELESS COMMUNICATION SYSTEMjantjournal
This paper presents modified patch antenna for 3 GHz and 5 GHz operating frequencies. Here different approaches are studied by varying slot sizes, defected ground size, notch and also changing feed position. Insertion of slots gives dual frequency operation. Notch provides shifting of lower frequency band towards left hand side. Here combined effect of each techniques adopted gives desired result. Proposed antenna resonates for 3 and 5 GHz frequency. Simulation is done using IE3D software for various parameters. Return loss of final design was -12.17 dB for 3 GHz frequency and VSWR of 1.65. For 5 GHz simulation response was -10.04dB return loss and VSWR of 1.91. Proposed antenna is fabricated giving different details. Paper gives good agreement between measured and simulated results.
BODY ANTENNA WITH DGS FOR BODY CENTRIC WIRELESS COMMUNICATION SYSTEMjantjournal
This paper presents modified patch antenna for 3 GHz and 5 GHz operating frequencies. Here different approaches are studied by varying slot sizes, defected ground size, notch and also changing feed position. Insertion of slots gives dual frequency operation. Notch provides shifting of lower frequency band towards left hand side. Here combined effect of each techniques adopted gives desired result. Proposed antenna resonates for 3 and 5 GHz frequency. Simulation is done using IE3D software for various parameters. Return loss of final design was -12.17 dB for 3 GHz frequency and VSWR of 1.65. For 5 GHz simulation response was -10.04dB return loss and VSWR of 1.91. Proposed antenna is fabricated giving different details. Paper gives good agreement between measured and simulated results.
BODY ANTENNA WITH DGS FOR BODY CENTRIC WIRELESS COMMUNICATION SYSTEMjantjournal
This paper presents modified patch antenna for 3 GHz and 5 GHz operating frequencies. Here different approaches are studied by varying slot sizes, defected ground size, notch and also changing feed position. Insertion of slots gives dual frequency operation. Notch provides shifting of lower frequency band towards left hand side. Here combined effect of each techniques adopted gives desired result. Proposed antenna resonates for 3 and 5 GHz frequency. Simulation is done using IE3D software for various parameters. Return loss of final design was -12.17 dB for 3 GHz frequency and VSWR of 1.65. For 5 GHz simulation response was -10.04dB return loss and VSWR of 1.91. Proposed antenna is fabricated giving different details. Paper gives good agreement between measured and simulated results.
A four-element UWB MIMO antenna using SRRs for application in satellite commu...IJECEIAES
This paper proposes a method for designing a new ultra wide band (UWB) multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) antenna with two and four elements. First we presented an ultra-wide band antenna we studied these performances. Then, we studied the application of metamaterials to the design of MIMO antennas for miniaturization and the performance of antennas, in order to guarantee the proper functioning of the MIMO system with a much reduced separation distance between the radiating elements (λ/12), where the coupling can be very weak. The application of these circular double ring SRRs materials on the front plan of the antenna has contributed to the increasing of the antenna performance is studied in terms of S-Parameters, efficiency, diversity gain (DG), radiation properties and envelop correlation coefficient (ECC). It offers advantages such as the reduction of weight and congestion that is beneficial for their integration into satellite communications systems.
BODY ANTENNA WITH DGS FOR BODY CENTRIC WIRELESS COMMUNICATION SYSTEMjantjournal
This paper presents modified patch antenna for 3 GHz and 5 GHz operating frequencies. Here different approaches are studied by varying slot sizes, defected ground size, notch and also changing feed position. Insertion of slots gives dual frequency operation. Notch provides shifting of lower frequency band towards left hand side. Here combined effect of each techniques adopted gives desired result. Proposed antenna resonates for 3 and 5 GHz frequency. Simulation is done using IE3D software for various parameters. Return loss of final design was -12.17 dB for 3 GHz frequency and VSWR of 1.65. For 5 GHz simulation response was -10.04dB return loss and VSWR of 1.91. Proposed antenna is fabricated giving different details. Paper gives good agreement between measured and simulated results.
BODY ANTENNA WITH DGS FOR BODY CENTRIC WIRELESS COMMUNICATION SYSTEMjantjournal
This paper presents modified patch antenna for 3 GHz and 5 GHz operating frequencies. Here different approaches are studied by varying slot sizes, defected ground size, notch and also changing feed position. Insertion of slots gives dual frequency operation. Notch provides shifting of lower frequency band towards left hand side. Here combined effect of each techniques adopted gives desired result. Proposed antenna resonates for 3 and 5 GHz frequency. Simulation is done using IE3D software for various parameters. Return loss of final design was -12.17 dB for 3 GHz frequency and VSWR of 1.65. For 5 GHz simulation response was -10.04dB return loss and VSWR of 1.91. Proposed antenna is fabricated giving different details. Paper gives good agreement between measured and simulated results.
BODY ANTENNA WITH DGS FOR BODY CENTRIC WIRELESS COMMUNICATION SYSTEMjantjournal
This paper presents modified patch antenna for 3 GHz and 5 GHz operating frequencies. Here different approaches are studied by varying slot sizes, defected ground size, notch and also changing feed position. Insertion of slots gives dual frequency operation. Notch provides shifting of lower frequency band towards left hand side. Here combined effect of each techniques adopted gives desired result. Proposed antenna
resonates for 3 and 5 GHz frequency. Simulation is done using IE3D software for various parameters. Return loss of final design was -12.17 dB for 3 GHz frequency and VSWR of 1.65. For 5 GHz simulation response was -10.04dB return loss and VSWR of 1.91. Proposed antenna is fabricated giving different
details. Paper gives good agreement between measured and simulated results.
BODY ANTENNA WITH DGS FOR BODY CENTRIC WIRELESS COMMUNICATION SYSTEMjantjournal
This paper presents modified patch antenna for 3 GHz and 5 GHz operating frequencies. Here different approaches are studied by varying slot sizes, defected ground size, notch and also changing feed position. Insertion of slots gives dual frequency operation. Notch provides shifting of lower frequency band towards left hand side. Here combined effect of each techniques adopted gives desired result. Proposed antenna resonates for 3 and 5 GHz frequency. Simulation is done using IE3D software for various parameters. Return loss of final design was -12.17 dB for 3 GHz frequency and VSWR of 1.65. For 5 GHz simulation response was -10.04dB return loss and VSWR of 1.91. Proposed antenna is fabricated giving different
details. Paper gives good agreement between measured and simulated results.
BODY ANTENNA WITH DGS FOR BODY CENTRIC WIRELESS COMMUNICATION SYSTEMjantjournal
This paper presents modified patch antenna for 3 GHz and 5 GHz operating frequencies. Here different approaches are studied by varying slot sizes, defected ground size, notch and also changing feed position. Insertion of slots gives dual frequency operation. Notch provides shifting of lower frequency band towards left hand side. Here combined effect of each techniques adopted gives desired result. Proposed antenna
resonates for 3 and 5 GHz frequency. Simulation is done using IE3D software for various parameters. Return loss of final design was -12.17 dB for 3 GHz frequency and VSWR of 1.65. For 5 GHz simulation response was -10.04dB return loss and VSWR of 1.91. Proposed antenna is fabricated giving different
details. Paper gives good agreement between measured and simulated results.
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PLANAR ACS FED DUAL BAND ANTENNA WITH DGS FOR WIRELESS APPLICATIONS
1. International Journal of Antennas (JANT) Vol.2, No.1, January 2016
DOI: 10.5121/jant.2016.2103 23
PLANAR ACS FED DUAL BAND ANTENNA
WITH DGS FOR WIRELESS APPLICATIONS
Ansal K A1
and T Shanmuganantham2
12
Department of Electronics Engineering, Pondicherry Central University, Puducherry
ABSTRACT
A novel Asymmetric Coplanar Strip (ACS) fed antenna with Defected Ground Structure (DGS)
suitable for dual application is presented. The Method of Moments (MoM) based mentor graphics
IE3D electromagnetic solver has been used for this design. Dual band operation has been obtained
by modifying the ground plane of the proposed design with spur-slots. It has been fabricated and
tested with the overall size of 21x15x1.6 mm3
. The measured results indicate that the proposed
antenna yields <-10dB impedance bandwidth of 13.13% and 9.86% which meets the requirement of
3.5GHz and 5.5GHz Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) and World Wide Interoperability
Microwave Access (WiMAX) applications. The approximate lumped equivalent circuit extraction for
the proposed DGS fed dual band antenna has been discussed in detail. Because of its stable
radiation patterns with low cross polarization,miniature size, high average antenna gain of 2.5dBi
and good electromagnetic characteristics, the proposed antenna is a promising candidate for dual
mode wireless communication devices.
KEYWORDS
Asymmetric coplanar strip,Coplanar waveguide,Defected ground structure,Dual band antennas.
1. INTRODUCTION
The tremendous demand for wireless portable gadget of high data rate communication
requires need of integration for different radio module in a limited space. As a result, recently
researchers have been mainly focusing on a development of highly miniaturized and low
profile antennas. The coplanar waveguide antennas are promising candidates because of their
attractive features like lightweight, broad bandwidth, uniplanar structure and easy integration
with monolithic microwave integrated circuit. The two main design constraints for the design
and development of compact planar antennas are their miniaturization and multiband
performance. In general antenna designers to achieve multiband operations by modifying the
radiator by adopting two design strategies. The first approach is to create a several radiators
which contribute different resonances is starting from the same feeder i.e., the branched
radiators. The second approach is to elongate the physical length of the main radiator to
obtain the multiple resonant modes. However, by creating several branched radiators from
the single feeder may occupy a large space, hence it increases the resulting antenna
physically larger than the desired volume. So in this article a new miniaturization strategy is
employed
Several investigations have been carried out to study the miniaturization of CPW fed dual
band antennas like Lai et al. [1] presented miniaturization of CPW fed antenna with reactive
termination and truncated bilateral ground plane. Liu et al. [2] presented a triple-band
coplanar waveguide-fed monopole antenna with multiple branch strips for wireless
applications. Chow Yen [3] proposed a dual band CPW fed antenna with asymmetrical
ground for bandwidth enhancement which consists of two ground plane that are
2. International Journal of Antennas (JANT) Vol.2, No.1, January 2016
24
unsymmetrical, by varying the length of the ground plane to achieve broad bandwidth.
However, the entire antenna occupies large ground plane which is bulky in nature. Sujith et
al.[4] reported an architecture of CPW fed uniplanar antenna for multiband wireless
applications. Amandeep Singh et al. [5] proposed a novel coplanar waveguide fed wideband
printed monopole antenna with defected ground for wireless application. Yuanfu Liu et al.
[6] reported a tri-band CPW fed stepped monopole antenna with inverted L-strip for
WiMAX/WLAN application. Deepu et al. [7, 8] demonstrated a compact asymmetrical
coplanar strip fed uniplanar antenna formixed band mobile communication and WLAN has
achieved more compact size by using single lateral ground strip instead of twin lateral
ground strip in the CPW feed. Yuan et al. [9] presented a compact asymmetric coplanar fed
monopole antenna employing inverted L branches for WiMAX and WLAN application.
Yingsong Li et al. [10, 11] proposed different miniaturized asymmetric coplanar strip
antennas for multiband and wideband application. Askarali et al. [12] presented an
asymmetric strip fed dual band antenna for DCS/WLAN application. Bo Li et al. [13]
reported a triple band slot antenna with U-shape stub fed by asymmetric coplanar strip for
WLAN and WiMAX applications deploys an open-ended stub which acts as parasites near to
the exciting strip, for tuning the antenna into their required band of operation. But here, we
proposed an antenna with open-ended tuning slit for tuning the desired band. Different types
of design for various user requirements have been reported in [14-18]. These designs have
complex structures and difficult to integrate with WLAN systems. In this paper, a simple
compact ACS fed dual band antenna with defected ground structure operating at 3.5 GHz and
5.5GHz for WiMAX and WLAN applications are presented. This proposed design exhibit all
the advantages of conventional CPW fed design along with more compactness.
The use of ground planes with discontinuities in the planar transmission lines is currently
employed to improve the performance of different passive circuits, the enhancement of
filter/antenna characteristics and applications to suppress harmonics in the antennas. On the
other hand, a new proposal called defected ground structure [19] has been successfully used
for miniaturization and tuning for antennas into their desired band of operation. The DGS is
an etched lattices on the ground plane of planar transmission line (e.g., micro strip, coplanar
and conductor backed coplanar waveguide etc.) which is periodic or non-periodic in
configuration that disturbs the shield current distribution in the ground plane. As a result,
there is a change in the characteristics of a transmission line such as line capacitance and
inductance.
2. ANTENNA GEOMETRY
The geometry of proposed ACS-fed antenna with U-shaped ground plane for dual band
operation is shown in Fig.1. The antenna presented here is printed on a substrate with relative
permittivity of εr=4.4 and height h=1.6mm. A slit of width w=0.5mm introduced in the
ground plane for tuning the antenna into the desired band of resonance. The dimensions of
the lateral ground plane are optimized at 12x10mm2
by which the defect is realized. The gap
width g=0.35mm optimized to get good impedance matching
The design equations [20, 21] for the perfect matching of impedance are given below;
)1(
)(
)(60
1
kK
kK
Z
eff
o
ε
π
=
Where, from Fig.1 c
3. International Journal of Antennas (JANT) Vol.2, No.1, January 2016
25
and 1
( )
( )
K k
K k
is the elliptical integral of first kind which is given by;
1
1
1
1
0
22(1 )
ln
(1 )( )
(3)
( ) 1 1
1
2(1 ) 2
ln
(1 )
k
k
kK k
K k
k
k
k
π
π
≤ ≤
+
−
=
≤ ≤
+
−
1
(4)
2
r
eff
ε
ε
+
=
Fig.1 (a) Design layout of the proposed antenna (b) Photograph of the fabricated proposed
antenna (c) Side view
Table 1.Proposed antenna specifications (in mm)
Parameters
LS WS L g Wg Lb L1 L2 L3 L4 w θ s g
)2(1 21
kk
b
ak
−=
=
4. International Journal of Antennas (JANT) Vol.2, No.1, January 2016
26
Values(mm) 21 3 10 10 3 4 3 1 2 0.5 1000
0.5 0.35
3. RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS
The design and simulation and analysis of the proposed antenna have been performed using the
commercially available Mentor GraphicsIE3D 15.10 electromagnetic solver software. The
prototype of the presented antenna has been fabricated and measured as shown in figure 1, and it
is experimentally validated using HP8510C vector network analyzer (VNA). The simulated and
measured return loss characteristics of ACS fed proposed antenna is given in fig.2. It is observed
that antenna resonates at 3.5GHz and 5.5GHz with good matching. It exhibits impedance
bandwidth of 425MHz at (3.25GHz-3.65GHz) and 550MHz (5.3GHz-5.85GHz) in the 3.5GHz
and 5.5GHz bands respectively.
Figure. 2 Return Loss of the Proposed Antenna
In this article, an ACS fed dual band antenna for WiMAX /WLAN application is proposed. The
bands are realized by etching a tapered spur slot symmetrically on the radiating ground plane. The
parametric study of the proposed antenna with and without ground defect is shown in figure.3.
We can see that with defects the resonance are obtained at 3.45GHz and 5.5GHz by including
open-ended tuning slit. Consequently, the resonance brings down and obtains an average return
loss about -28dB. Here, we can notice that the tuning slit also plays an important role in bringing
down the resonance to match with 50Ω characteristics impedance of the ACS feed line.
5. International Journal of Antennas (JANT) Vol.2, No.1, January 2016
27
Figure.3 Comparison of return loss with andwithout DGS
Figure.4Comparison of return loss characteristics by varying Lb
The length of the tuning slit is about the quarter of the guided wavelength calculated at lower
band of resonance. The fig. 4 shows the comparison of return loss characteristics by varying
open-ended tuning slit of length Lb by keeping all other parameters are constant. Here, we can
notice that Lb has influence on both bands of resonance with Lb =3mm proposed antenna yields
optimum resonance at 3.5GHz and 5.5 GHz. The parameter Lb can be used for tuning the antenna
at various adjacent frequencies.
The return loss characteristics of the antenna using different types of substrate materials are
shown in fig.5.Here we can see that the substrate material is an important parameter for the
6. International Journal of Antennas (JANT) Vol.2, No.1, January 2016
28
antenna design. Thus, proposed antenna yields optimum result for FR4 epoxy substrate with
permittivity of 4.4 and loss tangent of 0.02. The different materials properties are shown in Table
2.
Table. 2 Material properties of the various dielectric materials
Substrate Permittivity Loss tangent
Thickness
(mm)
FR4 4.4 0.02 1.6
RT5880 2.2 0.0015 1.6
RT5870 2.33 0.0012 1.6
RT6010 10.2 0.002 1.6
Bio Plastic 15 0.002 1.6
Fig.6 shows the simulation result of the reflection coefficientof the antenna for FR4 substrate
thicknessesof 0.5 mm, 0.8 mm, 1 mm and 1.6 mm. FromFig. 4,it is clearly observed that the best
performanceof the proposed antenna hasbeen noticed byusing a thicknessof 1.6 mm. Because,
substrate’s thickness will increases theradiated power and to improve the performance.
The Fig. 7 shows measured E and H-plane 2D radiation patterns of the antenna at 3.5GHz and
5.5GHz respectively. The radiation patterns are omni-directional at lower and upper resonance in
H- plane and in E-plane, radiation patterns are bidirectional. The cross polarization levels are
minimum when compared to co-polarization levels for both E and H plane. The patterns are
slightly asymmetric because of the asymmetry in antenna feeding configuration. The polarization
of the antenna is also experimentally tested and determined and it is found that the antenna is
linearly polarized along X-axis for the dual-band of operation.
7. International Journal of Antennas (JANT) Vol.2, No.1, January 2016
29
Figure.5 Comparison between reflection coefficient for different types of substrate
Figure.6 Reflection coefficient characteristics for different values of substrate thickness
8. International Journal of Antennas (JANT) Vol.2, No.1, January 2016
30
(a)
(b)
Figure. 7. Measured 2D radiation pattern of the antenna at E-plane and H- plane
(a) At 3.5GHz (b) At 5.5GHz
To study the excitation of the antenna, simulated surface current distributions at two resonant
frequencies are shown in Fig. 8. From the figure it can be noticed that at lower resonant
frequency of 3.5GHz, the surface current density is more concentrated on the left side spur slot on
the ground plane where for the 5.5GHz current is more perturbed across the right side spur slot.
The open-ended tuning slit also plays an important role in bringing down the resonance to match
with 50Ω characteristics impedance of the ACS feed line.
9. International Journal of Antennas (JANT) Vol.2, No.1, January 2016
31
Figure.8 Simulated 3D surface current distribution of proposed antenna (a) At 3.5GHz (b) At 5.5GHz
The lumped equivalent model of the proposed design using RLC tank circuit which is connected
in series is given in Fig.9. The circuit parameters are extracted and simulated by mentor graphics
IE3D modua. The optimised values are obtained by after a large number of iterations and data
fitting are R1=47.3Ω,L1=0.31nH,C1=7.02pF and R2=48.08Ω, L2=0.14nH,C2=5.36pF.. The
comparison of the reflection characteristics of the proposed structure with EM simulated and
circuit simulated results are shown in figure .10. Here, it can be found that the results are showing
good conformity between both.The circuit analysis is based on the flow chart is shown in
figure.11
0 2
11
1
2 1 (5)R Z
S
= − Ω
( )2 2
0.5
(6)c
c p
f
C pF
f fπ
=
−
2 2
0
1
(7)
4
L nH
f Cπ
=
The physical dimensions of the DGS affect the equivalent circuit parameters. The equivalent RLC circuit
parameters of the DGS section should be extracted by the equations given above,where as the pf is the
pole frequency and cf is the cut off frequency of approximated RLC circuit.
For finding the input impedance of the chosen center frequency,
10. International Journal of Antennas (JANT) Vol.2, No.1, January 2016
2 2
1 1 1
inZ
R L C
=
Using following relations [22] the values of the input impedance, the reflection coefficient, VS
loss can be computed.
Reflection Coefficient,
Return Loss = 10 log
Fig. 9 Lumped equivalent model of the antenna
Figure. 10 Comparison between return loss ch
International Journal of Antennas (JANT) Vol.2, No.1, January 2016
2 2
1
(8)
1 1 1
R L Cω ω
+ −
the values of the input impedance, the reflection coefficient, VS
Reflection Coefficient,
0
0
(9)in
in
Z Z
Z Z
γ
−
=
+
1
(1 0 )
1
V S W R
γ
γ
+
=
−
Return Loss = 10 log 2
1
γ
=- 20 log (11)γ
Lumped equivalent model of the antenna
Comparison between return loss characteristics circuit and EM simulation
32
the values of the input impedance, the reflection coefficient, VSWR, return
and EM simulation
11. International Journal of Antennas (JANT) Vol.2, No.1, January 2016
33
Figure. 11Flow chart for the equivalent circuit analysis
Table. 3 Comaparison of gain and area of antenna with existing literatures
Published
Literatures
Antenna
purpose Peak Gain(dBi) Size(mm2
)
proposed WLAN/WiMAX 3.9 21x15
[7] WLAN/WiMAX 2.2 30x28
[8] WLAN/WiMAX 1.9 21x19
[10] WLAN/WiMAX 3.5 28x12.5
[12] WLAN/WiMAX 1.21 37.5x24
[13] WLAN/WiMAX 3.5 35x19
The comparison between the overall size and gain of the antenna with already existing literatures
are given in Table 3. Here, it can be found that the antenna has achieved a noticeable reduction in
the area. The gain of the proposed structure is moderate as well as good. Fig. 12, shows the
12. International Journal of Antennas (JANT) Vol.2, No.1, January 2016
34
comparison between simulated and measured gain characterstics of the antenna. The average gain
of proposed antenna is 2.5dBi in the first band of resonance and 3.9dBi in the second band of
resonance, corresponding efficiencies about 76% and 82% respectively. So that the proposed
structure isuseful for the present and future wireless portable gadgets
2.1. General Format, Page Layout and Margins
Standard A4 (210mm x 297mm) portrait page set-up should be used. The left, right, top and
bottom margins should be 30mm. Do not use any headers, footers or footnotes. No page
numbers. Single column. All main text paragraphs, including the abstract, must be fully (left and
right) justified. All text, including title, authors, headings, captions and body, will be Times New
Roman font.
2.2. Title
The title is to be written in 20 pt. Garamond font, centred and using the bold and “Small Caps”
formats. There should be 24 pt. (paragraph) spacing after the last line.
Figure.12 Comparison between measured and simulated gain characteristics in
lower band of resonance and upper band of resonance
CONCLUSIONS
In this article main focus is given on the feed radiator as well as ground plane. The asymmetric
coplanar strip planar feed is used here instead of coplanar waveguide and the use of ground plane
modification with defected ground structure for further miniaturization. Here a novel compact
ACS-fed dual band antenna with defected ground plane for WiMAX/WLAN application is
proposed with a compact size of 21x15x1.6mm3
, designed, fabricated and measured. The
simulated and measured results show that good conformity with standard results. The
performance analysis of the antenna with different dielectric material properties also studied. The
numerical simulation of approximate lumped equivalent model of the proposed structure shows
good agreement with the simulated results. The measured results have demonstrated that the
antenna can be achieved a desired band with enough bandwidth, good omnidirectional radiation
characteristics and reasonable gain. As a result, the proposed antenna, with an advantage of
compact size which is suitable for WiMAX/WLAN applications.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
13. International Journal of Antennas (JANT) Vol.2, No.1, January 2016
35
The authors are gratefully acknowledge to the University Grants Commission, New Delhi
Government of India for their financial assistance and support.
REFERENCES
[1] Lai, C.-P., S.-C. Chiu, and S.-Y. Chen,Miniaturization of CPW-fed slot antennas using reactive
terminations and truncated bilateral ground plane.IEEE Antennas Wireless Propag.
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[2] W.C. Liu, J.L. Jaw, and B.C. Chen,(2008) Triple-band CPW-fed monopole antenna with branch
strips for wireless applications. Microwave Opt Technol Lett.;Vol. 50,pp.2794-2797,2008.
[3] Chow-Yen,Desmond Sim, “Dual band CPW fed monopole antenna with asymmetrical ground
plane for bandwidth enhancement” Microwave Opt. Technol. Lett;Vol.50 pp.3001-3004,2008
[4] Sujith R, Deepu V, Mridula S, Paul B, Laila D, Mohanan P. Compact CPW-fed uniplanar antenna
for multiband wireless applications. Int J Electron Commun, Vol.65, pp.553–9, 2011.
[5] Amendeep singh, surinder singh.A novel CPW-fed wideband printed monopole antenna with
DGS.Int J Electron Commun Vol.69,pp.229-306,2015
[6] Yuanfu Liu, Peng Wang, Hao Qin. Compact CPW-fed tri-band stepped monopole antenna with
inverted-L strip for WLAN/WiMAX applications; In Proc. of IEEE international conference on
Electronic packaging technology ,pp.1244-1247,2014
[7] Deepu, V, R. Sujith, S. Mridula, C.-K. Aanandan, K. Vasudevan, and P. Mohanan, “ACS fed
printed F-shaped uniplanar antenna for dual band WLAN applicationsMicrowave Opt.
Technol.Lett,Vol.51,pp.1852-1856,2009
[8] V. Deepu, K.R. Rohith, J. Manoj, M.N. Suma, and P. Mohanan, Compact asymmetric coplanar
strip fed monopole antenna for multiband applications, IEEE Trans Antennas Propag.,Vol.55
,pp.2351-2357,2007
[9] Yuan Fu liu,Peng Wang,Hao Qin, A Compact triband ACS fed Monopole Antenna Employing
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ResearchC;Vol. 47,pp.131-138,2014
[10] Yingsong Li,Wenxing Li and Qiubo Yi “Miniaturization of Asymmetric coplanar strip fed
staircase ultra wide band antenna with reconfigurable notch band”. Microwave Opt. Technol.
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[11] Yingsong Li, Wenxing Li, Raj Mittra, “Miniaturization of ACS –fed dual band antenna with
loaded capacitance termination”,IEICE Electronic Express,Vol.10,pp.1-8,2013
[12] P. Askarali, S.Sreenath ,R Sujith,R.Dinesh,D.D Krishna, and C K Anandan, “Asymmetric
coplanar strip fed dual Band Antenna for DCS/WLAN application”,Microwave Opt. Technol.
Lett,Vol.54,pp.1087-1089,2012
[13] Li, B.; Yan, Z.; Zhang, T.: Triple band slot antenna with U shaped open stub fed by asymmetric
coplanar strip for WLAN/WIMAX applications. Prog. Electromagn. Res. Lett.,Vol. 37: 123-
131,2013
[14] K A Ansal,T Shanmuganantham, Asymmetric coplanar strip fed antenna with defected ground
structure for dual band application. In Proc. IEEE International Conference on Electronics and
Communication Systems, ICECS’14,pp 359-362,2014
[15] Yue Song,Yong Chang Jiao “Compact slot antenna fed by asymmetric coplanar strip for 2.4/5
GHz WLAN operations”, Microwave and Opt. Technol. Lett..2008; 50:3080-3083.
[16] Thomas, K.-G. and Sreenivasan, M.: Compact triple band antenna for WLAN/WiMAX
applications. Electron. Lett.Vol. 45,pp.811-813.2009
[17] Dang, L., Lei, Z.-Y. Xie, Y.-J., Ning, G.-L., and J. Fan, A compact micro strip slot triple-band
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[18] Hu, W., Yin, Y.-Z; Fei, P. and Yang, X., “Compact tri band square-slot antenna with symmetrical
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[19] Weng, L. H., Guo, Y. C., Shi, X. W., and Chen. X. Q.: An overview of defected ground structure.
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[20] K A Ansal, T Shanmuganantham, “ACS
5.5GHz WLAN application” Progress In Electromagnetics Res. Letter, Vol.49:59
Simons, R.N.: “Coplanar Waveguide Circuits, Components and Systems”, John Wiley &
Sons,NY,2004
Authors
K. A Ansal received B.Tech Degree
Engineering from Mahatma Gandhi University,Kottayam, Kerala in 2007, M.E
degree in communication systems from Anna University Chennai, India in 2011.He
is currently Working towards Ph.D. degree at Department of Electronics
Engineering, school of Engineering and Technology,Pondicherry university
(Central university)puducherry, India .He has
papers. Hisresearch interest include
planar antennas with DGS and EBG and Mobile Base station antennas. He is a
member of IEEE, IAENG and IEICE
T.Shanmuganantham received B.E. degree in Electronics and Communication
Engineering from University of Madras, M.E. degree in Communication Systems
from Madurai Kamaraj University and Ph.D. (Gold Medal) in the area of Antennas
from National Institute of Technology, Tiruchirappalli,
Dr.S.Raghavan. He has 17 years of teaching experience in various reputed
Engineering colleges such as SSN College of Engineering, National Institute of
Technology and Science. Presently he is working as Assistant Professor in
Department of Electronics Engineering, School of Engineering & Technology,
Pondicherry University, and Pondicherry
Microwave/MillimetreWaveIntegrated Circuits and Devices, EMI/EMC,
Computational Electromagnetism, MEMS/NEMS Metamaterials. He has published
130 research papers in various national and International level Journals and
Conferences. He is a member in IEEE, Life Member in IETE,Institution of
Engineers, CSI, Society of EMC, OSI, ISSS, ILA, ISI, and ISTE.
International Journal of Antennas (JANT) Vol.2, No.1, January 2016
K A Ansal, T Shanmuganantham, “ACS-Fed wide band antenna with L shaped ground plane for
5.5GHz WLAN application” Progress In Electromagnetics Res. Letter, Vol.49:59-64.2014
Simons, R.N.: “Coplanar Waveguide Circuits, Components and Systems”, John Wiley &
B.Tech Degree in Electronics and Communication
Engineering from Mahatma Gandhi University,Kottayam, Kerala in 2007, M.E
mmunication systems from Anna University Chennai, India in 2011.He
is currently Working towards Ph.D. degree at Department of Electronics
Engineering, school of Engineering and Technology,Pondicherry university
(Central university)puducherry, India .He has authored 15 journals and conference
interest include Microwave and millimeter wave antennas
planar antennas with DGS and EBG and Mobile Base station antennas. He is a
member of IEEE, IAENG and IEICE
B.E. degree in Electronics and Communication
Engineering from University of Madras, M.E. degree in Communication Systems
from Madurai Kamaraj University and Ph.D. (Gold Medal) in the area of Antennas
from National Institute of Technology, Tiruchirappalli, India under the guidance of
Dr.S.Raghavan. He has 17 years of teaching experience in various reputed
Engineering colleges such as SSN College of Engineering, National Institute of
Technology and Science. Presently he is working as Assistant Professor in the
Department of Electronics Engineering, School of Engineering & Technology,
and Pondicherry. His research interest includes Antennas,
Microwave/MillimetreWaveIntegrated Circuits and Devices, EMI/EMC,
, MEMS/NEMS Metamaterials. He has published
130 research papers in various national and International level Journals and
Conferences. He is a member in IEEE, Life Member in IETE,Institution of
Engineers, CSI, Society of EMC, OSI, ISSS, ILA, ISI, and ISTE.
36
with L shaped ground plane for
64.2014
Simons, R.N.: “Coplanar Waveguide Circuits, Components and Systems”, John Wiley &