Presented By: Nur Ahammad, Senior Assistant Librarian & Adjunct Faculty Department of Information Science and Library Management Daffodil International University

1. Plagiarism: Detect
and Prevent
Presented By: Nur Ahammad
Senior Assistant Librarian & Adjunct Faculty
Department of Information Science and Library Management
Daffodil International University

2. Presentation Contents
 What is plagiarism
 Type of Plagiarism
 Plagiarism Detection
 Consequences of Plagiarism
 Avoid Plagiarism
 Common Knowledge
 Disadvantages of Plagiarism Detection Software
 Plagiarism Tolerance
 Tutorials on Plagiarism
 Plagiarism Statistics

3. Introduction
Plagiarism is a big problem in the present world. It has
become an epidemic in the academic world. There are many
incidents occurred by many veterans and nonveterans all
around the world. Veterans faced bad consequences for
plagiarism.

4. What is plagiarism?
The word plagiarism is derived from Latin ‘Plagiare’ which means ‘to kidnap’
According to the Merriam-Webster Online dictionary is:
 To steal and pass off the idea or words of another as one’s
own.
 To use another’s production without crediting the source
To commit literary theft
 To present as new and original idea or product derived
from an existing source.

5. Types/Forms of Plagiarism
 Verbatim (word for word) quotation without clear acknowledgement
Quotations must always be identified as such by the use of either quotation
marks or indentation, and with full referencing of the sources cited. It must
always be apparent to the reader which parts are your own independent work
and where you have drawn on someone else’s ideas and language.
 Cutting and pasting from the Internet without clear acknowledgement
Information derived from the Internet must be adequately referenced and
included in the bibliography. It is important to evaluate carefully all material
found on the Internet, as it is less likely to have been through the same
process of scholarly peer review as published sources.

6. Types/Forms of Plagiarism
 Paraphrasing
Paraphrasing the work of others by altering a few words and changing their
order, or by closely following the structure of their argument, is plagiarism if
you do not give due acknowledgement to the author whose work you are
using.
 A passing reference to the original author in your own text may not be
enough; you must ensure that you do not create the misleading impression
that the paraphrased wording or the sequence of ideas are entirely your own.
It is better to write a brief summary of the author’s overall argument in your
own words, indicating that you are doing so, than to paraphrase particular
sections of his or her writing. This will ensure you have a genuine grasp of the
argument and will avoid the difficulty of paraphrasing without plagiarising.
You must also properly attribute all material you derive from lectures.

7. Types/Forms of Plagiarism
 Collusion
This can involve unauthorised collaboration between students, failure to
attribute assistance received, or failure to follow precisely regulations on
group work projects. It is your responsibility to ensure that you are entirely
clear about the extent of collaboration permitted, and which parts of the work
must be your own.
 Inaccurate citation
It is important to cite correctly, according to the conventions of your
discipline. As well as listing your sources (i.e. in a bibliography), you must
indicate, using a footnote or an in-text reference, where a quoted passage
comes from. Additionally, you should not include anything in your references
or bibliography that you have not actually consulted. If you cannot gain access
to a primary source you must make it clear in your citation that your
knowledge of the work has been derived from a secondary text (for example,
Bradshaw, D. Title of Book, discussed in Wilson, E., Title of Book (London,
2004), p. 189).

8. Types/Forms of Plagiarism
 Failure to acknowledge assistance
You must clearly acknowledge all assistance which has contributed to the
production of your work, such as advice from fellow students, laboratory
technicians, and other external sources. This need not apply to the assistance
provided by your tutor or supervisor, or to ordinary proofreading, but it is
necessary to acknowledge other guidance which leads to substantive changes
of content or approach.
 Auto-plagiarism
You must not submit work for assessment that you have already submitted
(partially or in full), either for your current course or for another qualification
of this, or any other, university, unless this is specifically provided for in the
special regulations for your course. Where earlier work by you is citable, ie. it
has already been published, you must reference it clearly. Identical pieces of
work submitted concurrently will also be considered to be auto-
plagiarism.

9. Types/Forms of Plagiarism
 Use of material written by professional agencies or other persons
You should neither make use of professional agencies in the production of
your work nor submit material which has been written for you even with the
consent of the person who has written it. It is vital to your intellectual training
and development that you should undertake the research process unaided.
Under Statute XI on University Discipline, all members of the University are
prohibited from providing material that could be submitted in an examination
by students at this University or elsewhere.

10. Detect Plagiarism
Detection of plagiarism can be either manual or software-assisted.
 Similarity Software
• Turnitin
• iThenticate
• Unicheck
• Grammarly
 Manual Detection: Manual detection requires substantial effort and
excellent memory, and is impractical in cases where too many documents
must be compared, or original documents are not available for
comparison.

11. Consequence
 It creates awkward situation after reveal
 No Degree/Withdraw Degree
 Lose reputation and fame
 Academic
 Professional
 Institutional
 Legal Repercussions
 Monetary Repercussions

12. Consequence

13. Consequence

14. Consequence

15. Avoid Plagiarism
 Start early and work consistently
 Keep thorough records of all your sources. When possible, make a copy
of the original source, or, if you’re searching through a computer database,
print a copy of the document even if you’re not sure you’ll use it in your
paper.
 Paraphrase - So you have found information that is perfect for your
research paper. Read it and put it into your own words. Make sure that you
do not copy verbatim more than two words in a row from the text you
have found. If you do use more than two words together, you will have to
use quotation marks. We will get into quoting properly soo

16. Avoid Plagiarism
 Cite - Citing is one of the effective ways to avoid plagiarism. Follow the
document formatting guidelines (i.e. APA, MLA, Chicago, etc.) used by your
educational institution or the institution that issued the research request.
This usually entails the addition of the author(s) and the date of the
publication or similar information. Citing is really that simple. Not citing
properly can constitute plagiarism.
 Quoting - When quoting a source, use the quote exactly the way it
appears. No one wants to be misquoted. Most institutions of higher
learning frown on “block quotes” or quotes of 40 words or more. A scholar
should be able to effectively paraphrase most material. This process takes
time, but the effort pays off! Quoting must be done correctly to avoid
plagiarism allegations.

17. Avoid Plagiarism
 Citing Your Own Material - If some of the material you are using for your
research paper was used by you in your current class, a previous one, or
anywhere else you must cite yourself. Treat the text the same as you would
if someone else wrote it. It may sound odd, but using material you have
used before is called self-plagiarism, and it is not acceptable.
 Referencing - One of the most important ways to avoid plagiarism is
including a reference page or page of works cited at the end of your
research paper. Again, this page must meet the document formatting
guidelines used by your educational institution. This information is very
specific and includes the author(s), date of publication, title, and source.
Follow the directions for this page carefully. You will want to get the
references right.

18. Avoid Plagiarism
 Proofread: Proofreading is a requirement and it will also help with your
plagiarism. You can find the best article rewriter but proofreading your
work works. It does not take that much time to scan through your paper
and make sure you have cited every source you used. This step is easy to
apply and gives results.
 Add Value: Do not try to use all information you find in your sources. Try
and add some value to the topic by including some of your own insights.
This is going to score you better marks anyway. It shows that you
understand what you are talking about. You can only do this by
researching extensively until you get to a point where all the information
clicks.

19. common knowledge
Something that many or most people know Common
knowledge.
Examples of Common Knowledge
Information that Most people know
• Water freezes at 32 degrees
• 3 feet = 1 yard
• There 7 continents.
• Sun gives us heat and light

20. common knowledge
Examples of Common Knowledge
Information shared by a cultural or national group.
• Names of famous heroes
• Events of national importance
• Holidays
Knowledge shared by members of a certain field
• Mechanics know the parts of a car
• Geologists know geological features of the Earth

21. Plagiarism Tolerance

22. Plagiarism Statistics

23. Plagiarism Statistics

24. Plagiarism Statistics

25. Plagiarism Statistics of some countries

26. Plagiarism Statistics of some countries
 Sweden 13 %
 Norway 15 %
 Finland 14 %
 Russia 38 %
 United Kingdom 10.8%
 Germany 8.6 %
 France 14.3

27. Plagiarism Statistics of some countries
United States
 Similar to Europe, in the United States, there is also a massive difference in
plagiarism statistics across all of the states. The plagiarism rates vary from
6.4% in the Northeastern state of Vermont to a whopping 24.2% in the
Southern state of Louisiana. This significant difference shows the capacity
for plagiarism reduction across the United States.
 The worst plagiarism situation exists in the Southwest and Southeast parts
of the United States. In the Southeast region of the U.S., rates vary from
9.4% in Maryland to 24.2% in Louisiana. Total plagiarism statistics averages
15.9% across the area.

28. Tutorials on Plagiarism
 OXFORD UNIVERSITY
 Rutgers University
 Indiana University Plagiarism Tutorials
 Fairfield University
 Ashford University

29. References:
 http://www.keywordbasket.com/aW50ZWdyaXR5IGV0aGljcyBwbGFnaWFyaXNt/
 https://www.slideshare.net/arulgs/plagiarism-an-everday-practice?
 http://bildbd.com/doctrinal-research/law-journal/about-journal/plagiarism-tolerance/
 https://www.sciencemag.org/news/2014/12/study-massive-preprint-archive-hints-
geography-plagiarism
 https://www.plagramme.com/plagiarism-statistics
 https://writingcenter.ashford.edu/steps-avoiding-plagiarism
 https://bdnews24.com/bangladesh/2017/09/29/dhaka-university-investigating-plagiarism-
charges-against-five-teachers
 https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/europe/hungary/9181220/Hungarys-
president-steps-down-after-plagiarism-scandal.html

30. Thank You