Plagiarism concept in scientific writing and quiz

1. PLAGIARISM

2. PLAGIARISM
2
Plagiarism is the use of another’s work, words, or ideas
without attribution.
What is considered plagiarism?
• Submitting someone else's work as your own
• Using words or ideas from someone else without giving credit
Failing to put a quotation in quotation marks “ …”
• Changing words but copying the sentence structure of a source
without giving credit
• Copying so many words or ideas from a source that it makes
up the majority of your work, whether you give credit or not
• Submitting your own work that has been made/published
• Failing to put all the citation in the text in reference list

3. Avoiding Plagiarism
3
Three ways to save yourself from plagiarizing are
summary, paraphrase and quote.
A summary is a short version of the original text that
highlights the main ideas in YOUR own words
A paraphrase is typically the same length as the
original text but written in YOUR own words
A quote is taking the original text, put it in quotation
marks

4. CITATION
4
A "citation" is the way you tell your readers
that certain material in your work came from
another source.
It also gives your readers the information
necessary to find that source again

5. ALWAYS CITE
5

6. “
1. Author and date – Harvard, APA (The American
Psychological Association), MLA (Modern Language
Association)
2. Numbering which links to footnotes or endnotes – Oxford,
Chicago
3. Numbering which links to the reference list – IEEE
(Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers)
6
Basic Referencing System

7. Short Quotation
Quotation
Longer quotation
7
PD is defined as “activities that
develop an individual’s skills,
knowledge, expertise and other
characteristics as a teacher.” (OECD,
p.49, 2009)
OECD's (2009, p.49) definition
regards PD as “activities that
develop an individual’s skills,
knowledge, expertise and other
characteristics as a teacher.”
Day’s (1999, p. 4) definition of professional
development covers all aspects of the notion:
“Professional development consists of all natural
learning experiences and those conscious and
planned activities which are intended to be of
direct or indirect benefit to the in¬dividual, group
or school, which contribute, through these, to the
quality of education in the classroom”
Based on Day’s definition, then, teachers’
perceptions of what activities constitute
professional development should not be limited to
attendance at courses,

8. 8
Teacher practice quality has been seen as influential
toward students’ learning and their achievement
(Gore, 2014). This is why Mizell (2010) believes that
improving teacher quality continuously is seen
important.
First citation, author’s name NOT part of sentence hence
brackets surround BOTH the author’s name AND the year
of publication;
second citation, author’s name IS part of sentence hence
brackets surround ONLY the year of publication.

9. Direct quotation & indirect
quotation
Quotation is taking an idea from an outside source and
used in a second piece of writing. Direct quotation
uses the exact words, while the indirect quote does
not.
Mizell (2010) believes that teachers should never stop
learning and be up to date.
Mizell (2010, p.3) says “To be able to perform
professionally teachers should always seek for
updates and learn”
9
Long direct quotations is used when it is 40 words
or longer in a free-standing block of typewritten
lines and omit quotation marks. Start the quotation
on a new line, indented 1/2 inch from the left
margin, i.e., in the same place you would begin a
new paragraph.

10. 10
Teachers directly engage with knowledge artefact such as article,
podcast, video and bypass the need to interact with knowledge
creator (Hood, 2017). This individual learning orientation is what
termed as networked individualism (Castells, 2005), in which user
engage in self-selected communication networks.
Use italic to emphasis special term
used in specific literature

11. PLAGIARISM QUIZ.
Choose the best option
1. Putting a full bibliography but omitting
citation in the text is:
• a. Plagiarism
• b. Bad Practice
• c. Acceptable Practice
2. Writing an essay on a topic in your discipline
without doing any reading or putting any
sources in the text is:
• a. Plagiarism
• b. Bad Practice
• c. Acceptable Practice
11

12. PLAGIARISM QUIZ.
Choose the best option
3. Copying a classmate's essay is:
• a. Plagiarism
• b. Bad Practice
• c. Acceptable Practice
4. Using citation and quotation
marks around other authors' words,
and then using some more text from
the same source nearby in your text,
without citation or quotation marks
is:
• a. Plagiarism
• b. Bad Practice
• c. Acceptable Practice

13. PLAGIARISM QUIZ.
Choose the best option
5. Writing all your assignment
in the hours just before the
deadline is:
a. Plagiarism
b. Bad Practice
c. Acceptable Practice
6. Reading some sources,
making notes on them, then
writing up the ideas with citation
is:
a. Plagiarism
b. Bad Practice
c. Acceptable Practice

14. PLAGIARISM QUIZ.
Choose the best option
7. Checking the instructions
for an assignment with a
classmate is:
a. Plagiarism
b. Bad Practice
c. Acceptable Practice
8. Submitting the same
assignment that you have already
submitted for another module is:
a. Plagiarism
b. Bad Practice
c. Acceptable Practice

15. PLAGIARISM QUIZ.
Choose the best option
9. Putting some points of
general knowledge in your text
without citation is:
a. Plagiarism
b. Bad Practice
c. Acceptable Practice
10. Copying some sentences
from another author, changing
every fourth word, and putting
citation at the end is:
a. Plagiarism
b. Bad Practice
c. Acceptable Practice

16. PLAGIARISM QUIZ.
Choose the best option
11. Using one source, which
you cite, for most of your ideas is:
a. Plagiarism
b. Bad Practice
c. Acceptable Practice
12. Using standard academic
phrases (such as "many studies
have shown…") which you have
found in academic articles,
without citation in your text is:
a. Plagiarism
b. Bad Practice
c. Acceptable Practice

17. PLAGIARISM QUIZ.
Choose the best option
13. Copying and pasting text
from websites without citation is:
a. Plagiarism
b. Bad Practice
c. Acceptable Practice
14. Putting citation in your text,
but not putting all the cited
references in your bibliography is:
a. Plagiarism
b. Bad Practice
c. Acceptable Practice

18. PLAGIARISM QUIZ.
Choose the best option
15. Reading several sources on
your topic, then writing up the
ideas from them without citation
is:
a. Plagiarism
b. Bad Practice
c. Acceptable Practice
16. Writing your own ideas on a
topic then making up the names
of references to put next to them
is:
a. Plagiarism
b. Bad Practice
c. Acceptable Practice

19. PLAGIARISM QUIZ.
Choose the best option
17. Using different systems of
referencing (eg Harvard and APA)
for different parts of your text is:
a. Plagiarism
b. Bad Practice
c. Acceptable Practice
18. Asking your tutor for advice
about plagiarism regarding your
first draft is:
a. Plagiarism
b. Bad Practice
c. Acceptable Practice

20. PLAGIARISM QUIZ.
Choose the best option
19. Making some notes from
ideas in a source and using them
in your text but forgetting to put
the references is:
a. Plagiarism
b. Bad Practice
c. Acceptable Practice
20. Writing your essay largely
copied from the text of some
model or example essays that you
have found is:
a. Plagiarism
b. Bad Practice
c. Acceptable Practice

21. PLAGIARISM QUIZ.
Choose the best option
21. Copying some words,
putting them in quotation marks,
and writing the author, year and
page number afterwards is:
a. Plagiarism
b. Bad Practice
c. Acceptable Practice
22. Finding a synonym for every
word you use from another text is:
a. Plagiarism
b. Bad Practice
c. Acceptable Practice

22. PLAGIARISM QUIZ.
Choose the best option
23. Buying a ready-made essay
from a website is:
a. Plagiarism
b. Bad Practice
c. Acceptable Practice
24. Constructing a paragraph
from quotations, with citation after
each, and a few words of your own
is:
a. Plagiarism
b. Bad Practice
c. Acceptable Practice
25. Using some words from
another author, putting them in
quotation marks, and with citation,
but changing a few words inside the
quotation so that it supports your
point more effectively is:
a. Plagiarism
b. Bad Practice
c. Acceptable Practice

23. ANSWERS
1. Putting a full bibliography but omitting
citation in the text is:
• a. Plagiarism
• b. Bad Practice
• c. Acceptable Practice
• Response: It is plagiarism because it is
necessary to put citation next to the
words and ideas of other authors that
you use
2. Writing an essay on a topic in your
discipline without doing any reading or
putting any sources in the text is:
• a. Plagiarism
• b. Bad Practice
• c. Acceptable Practice
• Response: it is bad practice. Don't
think that avoiding plagiarism means
avoiding using sources. It is poor
academic practice to avoid using
sources

24. 3. Copying a classmate's essay
is:
a. Plagiarism
b. Bad Practice
c. Acceptable Practice
response: it is plagiarism. You
should not copy someone else's
work even if they offer it to you
4. Using citation and
quotation marks around other
authors' words, and then using
some more text from the same
source nearby in your text,
without citation or quotation
marks is:
a. Plagiarism
b. Bad Practice
c. Acceptable Practice
Response. It is plagiarism. All text
that you take from another source
needs to be cited correctly

25. 5.Writing all your assignment in
the hours just before the deadline
is:
• a. Plagiarism
• b. Bad Practice
• c. Acceptable Practice
• Response: it is a bad practice.
It is important to organise your
time so that you don't rush
your work at the end
6.Reading some sources, making
notes on them, then writing up
the ideas with citation is:
• a. Plagiarism
• b. Bad Practice
• c. Acceptable Practice
• Response: This is good practice
in using sources and citing
them

26. 7. Checking the instructions
for an assignment with a
classmate is:
a. Plagiarism
b. Bad Practice
c. Acceptable Practice
Response: It is an acceptable
practice. There is no problem with
checking the instructions with
your tutor or classmate before
doing your work
8. Submitting the same
assignment that you have already
submitted for another module is:
a. Plagiarism
b. Bad Practice
c. Acceptable Practice
Response: This is self-plagiarism.
You should not plagiarize your
own work submitted in another
context

27. 9. Putting some points of
general knowledge in your text
without citation is:
a. Plagiarism
b. Bad Practice
c. Acceptable Practice
Response: It is an acceptable
practice. When you are writing
about general facts that are
widely known, you do not need
citation
10. Copying some sentences
from another author, changing
every fourth word, and putting
citation at the end is:
a. Plagiarism
b. Bad Practice
c. Acceptable Practice
Response: It is plagiarism. This is a
dangerous strategy. Changing
every fourth words does not make
effective paraphrasing and means
the text is too similar to the
original

28. 11. Using one source, which
you cite, for most of your ideas is:
a. Plagiarism
b. Bad Practice
c. Acceptable Practice
Response: This is not plagiarism
because citation is used, but it
would be poor practice as it would
indicate that you did very little
reading and are basing your
writing mostly on one source
12. Using standard academic
phrases (such as "many studies
have shown…") which you have
found in academic articles,
without citation in your text is:
a. Plagiarism
b. Bad Practice
c. Acceptable Practice
Response: Using standard
academic phrases which do not
contain specific ideas from
authors, but help to structure
your writing, is good practice

29. • 13. Copying and pasting text
from websites without citation
is:
• a. Plagiarism
• b. Bad Practice
• c. Acceptable Practice
• Response: This is plagiarism. This
is a very dangerous practice.
Avoid copying and pasting, and
always use citation when you
take ideas or words from other
authors
• 14. Putting citation in your text,
but not putting all the cited
references in your bibliography
is:
• a. Plagiarism
• b. Bad Practice
• c. Acceptable Practice
• Response: You need to use both
in-text citation and a full
bibliography for the sources you
use

30. 15. Reading several sources on
your topic, then writing up the
ideas from them without citation
is:
a. Plagiarism
b. Bad Practice
c. Acceptable Practice
Response: It is plagiarism. You
need to use citation for all ideas
and words taken from other
sources
16.
Writing your own ideas on a topic
then making up the names of
references to put next to them is:
a. Plagiarism
b. Bad Practice
c. Acceptable Practice
Response: In this example you are
not actually taking someone else's
ideas so it is not plagiarism, but it
is very poor practice and would
not gain you any marks!

31. • 17. Using different systems of
referencing (eg Harvard and
APA) for different parts of your
text is:
• a. Plagiarism
• b. Bad Practice
• c. Acceptable Practice
• Response: This is poor practice
as it would be confusing to the
reader and look careless
• 18. Asking your tutor for advice
about plagiarism regarding your
first draft is:
• a. Plagiarism
• b. Bad Practice
• c. Acceptable Practice
• Response: It is a very good idea
to ask your tutor for advice
about plagiarism while you are
still drafting your work

32. • 19. Making some notes from
ideas in a source and using them
in your text but forgetting to put
the references is:
• a. Plagiarism
• b. Bad Practice
• c. Acceptable Practice
• Response. Forgetting the
reference is not acceptable; not
using citation when you take
other authors' ideas is plagiarism
• 20. Writing your essay largely
copied from the text of some
model or example essays that
you have found is:
• a. Plagiarism
• b. Bad Practice
• c. Acceptable Practice
• Response: it is plagiarism. You
may use a model or example as
guidance for writing, but not to
copy from

33. • 21. Copying some words,
putting them in quotation
marks, and writing the author,
year and page number
afterwards is:
• a. Plagiarism
• b. Bad Practice
• c. Acceptable Practice
• Response: This is the correct way
to make quotations
• 22. Finding a synonym for every
word you use from another text
is:
• a. Plagiarism
• b. Bad Practice
• c. Acceptable Practice
• Response: This is poor practice
because rewriting word for word
would probably make a text that
is hard to understand, and
would also take the writer a very
long time

34. • 23. Buying a ready-made essay from a website
is:
• a. Plagiarism
• b. Bad Practice
• c. Acceptable Practice
• Response: Buying an essay written by someone
else is plagiarism because it is not your own
work, and it is also a serious breach of university
regulations
• 24. Constructing a paragraph from quotations,
with citation after each, and a few words of your
own is:
• a. Plagiarism
• b. Bad Practice
• c. Acceptable Practice
• Response: As you are using citation, this is not
plagiarism, but doing this would mean using too
many words from other authors and not using your
own words
• 25. Using some words from another author,
putting them in quotation marks, and with citation,
but changing a few words inside the quotation so
that it supports your point more effectively is:
• a. Plagiarism
• b. Bad Practice
• c. Acceptable Practice
• Response: The citation practices here are correct but
it is poor practice to try to change the view of the
author to support your point