Physics chapter 2 2012
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Mechanical equilibrium occurs when the net force on an object is zero, so that its state of motion is unchanged. This can happen when opposing forces balance each other out, such as the tension in ropes or strings balancing the downward force of gravity on a suspended object. Vectors are used to represent forces, with direction and magnitude, and the parallelogram rule can be used to calculate the resultant force of two non-parallel vectors. Static equilibrium refers to objects at rest, while dynamic equilibrium is when an object is moving at a constant velocity in a straight line.
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Forces can push or pull on objects and change their motion. A force is measured in Newtons. The net force on an object determines its acceleration according to F=ma. Newton's three laws describe how forces interact: 1) objects in motion stay in motion unless a force acts, 2) F=ma, and 3) for every action there is an equal and opposite reaction. Centripetal force provides the inward force needed for circular motion. Levers, moments, and fulcrums can be used to make work easier by reducing the needed force. The location of an object's center of mass determines its stability.
Week 3.ppt
Forces can be pushes or pulls that have both direction and size. A net force is the sum of all individual forces acting on an object. An object will change its motion if the net force is not balanced, or not equal to zero Newtons. Friction opposes the motion between two touching surfaces and depends on factors like roughness and the force pushing the surfaces together. It can be advantageous by allowing us to walk or disadvantages by causing wear on machine parts.
Force
This document discusses the concept of force. It defines force as an influence that can cause an object at rest to be set in motion, change the speed or direction of a moving object, or change the speed of a body. It describes balanced and unbalanced forces. Balanced forces have a net force of zero, while unbalanced forces have a non-zero net force. The document also discusses Newton's First Law of Motion, which states that an object at rest stays at rest and an object in motion stays in motion with the same speed and in the same direction unless acted upon by an unbalanced force. It further explains the concept of inertia and how inertia is related to an object's mass.
forcesandfriction-0.ppt
This document discusses forces, how they combine, and how friction affects motion. It defines a force as a push or pull and describes its direction and size in newtons. It explains that net force is determined by adding all forces on an object and can cause a change in motion. Forces can be in the same or opposite directions. Friction opposes the motion of surfaces in contact and depends on factors like roughness and applied force. There are different types of friction like static and kinetic friction.
forcesandfriction
This document discusses forces, how they combine, and how friction affects motion. It defines a force as a push or pull and describes its direction and size in newtons. It explains that net force is determined by adding all forces on an object and that unbalanced net forces cause changes in motion. The document also defines static and kinetic friction and describes factors that affect friction such as surface roughness, force between surfaces, and using lubricants.
forcesandfriction-0.ppt
Friction: The amount of friction depends on:
Roughness of the surfaces
Force pushing the surfaces together
Similar to Physics chapter 2 2012 (20)
Physics chapter 2 2012
- 1. Mechanical Equilibrium • Keeping things in balance so that things remain stable. • When there is motion in mechanical equilibrium, a force becomes unstable and falls.
- 2. Force When you push or pull an object. The state of motion may be still or moving. A force is needed to change and objects state of motion. When an item is pushed or forced to move it will not stop until a force stops it. A hockey puck moving across the ice.
- 3. Net Force The combination of all forces on an object. When another force changes an objects direction or stops it. A combination of many forces for example: Pulling or pushing on an object at 5 pounds and another person helps you push or pull adding another 10 pounds. If you are pulling an object at 5 pounds of force and another person pushed the object in another direction this is also net force.
- 4. Tension and Weight Weighing a heavy item on a string and pulling it by gravity will give you the weight. There are two forces acting on the item, the tension force being use upward and the weight force being pulled down.
- 5. Force Vectors Forces being represented by arrows. A vector is an arrow that represents the magnitude and direction of a quantity. A vector quantity is a quantity that needs both magnitude and direction for a complete description. Force Scalar quantity is a quantity that can be described by magnitude only and has no direction. Time, area and volume
- 6. Mechanical Equilibrium A state where no physical changes occur. Whenever the net force on an object is zero. An item suspended by a rope is stable and considered mechanical equilibrium. Vector quantities take direction into account so if upward forces are positive, downward ones are negative, and when summed equal zero.
- 7. Support Force The upward force that balances the weight of an object on a surface. Also known as a normal force. For an object at rest on a horizontal surface, the support force must equal the objects weight. The weight of a book on a table is being pulled by gravity downward, but the support of a stronger force, the table prevents it from falling down.
- 8. Equilibrium for Moving Objects • When an object is not moving it is considered equilibrium. • An object moving at a constant speed in a straight-line is another form of equilibrium. • Hockey puck moving across the ice. • The state of no change. • Objects at rest are in static equilibrium. • Objects moving in a constant speed in a straight line are in dynamic equilibrium.
- 9. Vectors Vectors is the tension in a rope suspending something upward from gravity. If there are two ropes suspending something upward from gravity, then the vectors in both ropes is the same. Holding the item by suspension is considered equilibrium. If one rope is shorter than the other then they angle each other and this is resultant.
- 10. The Parallelogram Rule To find the resultant of two non-parallel vectors, construct a parallelogram wherein the two vectors are adjacent sides. When two ropes are suspending an object the tension is in the middle so that the ropes have equal weight. The angle between the two ropes is the parallel rule.