This study evaluated the physical properties of 7 brands of standardized endodontic paper cones. Absorbency, fiber shedding, dimensions, length, taper, and stiffness were measured for paper cones from each brand. Three brands (Diadent, Kerr, and Pearson) showed significantly higher absorbencies than the other four brands. There was wide variation in properties measured between brands. The study demonstrated a need for better quality control in paper cone manufacturing to help ensure consistent dimensions, absorbency and other critical properties. Proper sterilization of paper cones before use is important for maintaining aseptic conditions regardless of brand.
Distillation is the most important separation technology in the chemical process industry. More than 90% of separations are based on distillation.
Hybrid systems offer an interesting alternative in some difficult separations for distillation with either large number of theoretical trays; large heat loads or both.
Hybrid processes in separation operations are characterized by the combination of two unit operations.
Each unit operation itself is considered to be a separation process, but the combination generates special advantages.
Synopsis presentation Evaluation of tubular penetration depth of a sealer aft...pratiklovehoney
Evaluation of tubular penetration depth of a sealer after irrigation with four root canal irrigants of different origin- 6% Morinda Citrifolia juice, 0.2% Chitosan, 17% EDTA, 3% NaOCl-an in vitro study
These slides use concepts (e.g., scaling) from my (Jeff Funk) course entitled analyzing hi-tech opportunities to analyze how membranes have and are becoming more economically feasible for one application, pervaporation. The economic feasibility of pervaporation is improved as temperatures and pressures of the systems are increased, which are facilitated by larger scale, and as the membranes are improved. Membranes become cheaper as they are made thinner (example of scaling) and they become better as the pore size is made both smaller and is designed for allowing specific molecules to pass through the pores.
Distillation is the most important separation technology in the chemical process industry. More than 90% of separations are based on distillation.
Hybrid systems offer an interesting alternative in some difficult separations for distillation with either large number of theoretical trays; large heat loads or both.
Hybrid processes in separation operations are characterized by the combination of two unit operations.
Each unit operation itself is considered to be a separation process, but the combination generates special advantages.
Synopsis presentation Evaluation of tubular penetration depth of a sealer aft...pratiklovehoney
Evaluation of tubular penetration depth of a sealer after irrigation with four root canal irrigants of different origin- 6% Morinda Citrifolia juice, 0.2% Chitosan, 17% EDTA, 3% NaOCl-an in vitro study
These slides use concepts (e.g., scaling) from my (Jeff Funk) course entitled analyzing hi-tech opportunities to analyze how membranes have and are becoming more economically feasible for one application, pervaporation. The economic feasibility of pervaporation is improved as temperatures and pressures of the systems are increased, which are facilitated by larger scale, and as the membranes are improved. Membranes become cheaper as they are made thinner (example of scaling) and they become better as the pore size is made both smaller and is designed for allowing specific molecules to pass through the pores.
Water Absorption, Thickness Swelling and Rheological Properties of Agro Fiber...iosrjce
IOSR Journal of Polymer and Textile Engineering (IOSR-JPTE) is ambitious to disseminate information and experience in education, practice and investigation between polimer, fibric and all the sciences involved in textile.
Evaluation of Wash and Light Fastness of Some Selected Printed FabricsIOSR Journals
Abstract: The printed fabrics were subjected to ISO2, ISO3, and ISO4 wash fastness test and assessed for
change in colour and staining using the grey scale. The change in colour of the tested specimen and the staining
of the adjacent undyed cloths were assessed with the appropriate grey scales. The fabrics were also tested for
light fastness property. The specimen and the blue standard were exposed behind a glass and inserted into the
light fastness testing machine. Exposure was carried out for 48 hours. Based on the research carried out, it was
found that the selected foreign fabrics show a higher wash and light fastness property as compared to the local
fabrics which also show high wash and light fastness property.
Qc test for plastics,metallic tins,closures, collapsible tubes, secondary pac...himanshu kamboj
b pharma 6th sem
pharmaceutical quality assurance
Introduction
Types of pharmaceutical packaging
Packaging materials
Quality control test for plastic
Quality control test for closures
Quality control of collapsible tubes
Quality control of metallic tins
QC test for secondary packaging materials
Gopani has a modern state-of-art facility where glass fibre filter cartridges are manufactured in a highly controlled environment. The cartridge filter is manufactured using the highest quality yarn, suitable core material and sturdy end-caps. Every glass fibre filter undergoes a thorough quality check before moving out of the facility. Gopani’s Clarywound GF catridge filters are extremely resistant to corrosive liquids and aggressive chemicals. The filter works like a dream for applications involving high temperature exposure, reactive chemicals and corrosive liquids.
Development and pharmaceutical evaluation of oral fast dissolving thin film o...Madiha Mushtaque
The current study focused on the development, optimization and pharmaceutical evaluation of a mouth dissolving film of Escitalopram 5mg. The designing and optimization of the formulations have been carried out through
Design-Expert ® Ver. 9, using central composite response surface methodology. The software generated six optimized
formulations have been fabricated via solvent casting method incorporated with HPMC and PEG 400 as Plasticizer. The
developed formulations were assessed for various quality attributes including weight variation, drug-excipients
interaction, dryness/ tack test, thickness, percent elongation, swelling index, disintegration, folding endurance, surface
pH, content uniformity, assay, moisture uptake, stability, and organoleptic properties. A validated spectrophotometric
method has been used to ascertain drug content. The formulations were subjected for stability studies for six months in
accordance with ICH accelerated stability studies guidelines. No stability issue has been observed. All the test
formulations have shown satisfactory in vitro release of escitalopram whereas most promising results have been
exhibited by F5 and F6 formulations. The study concluded that a unique, novel, safe and stable formulation of oral fast
dissolving thin films of escitalopram can be formulated with ease. The preparation method was simple and reproducible
with scale-up tendency so that it can fulfill the need of the commercial manufacturing process.
This paper will present a rigorous method for evaluating the performance and economic benefits of solder paste stencil nano-coatings. Criterion such as underside cleaning, bridging, transfer efficiency across SARs, solder paste deposit geometry, post-print cleaning, and abrasion resistance of the coating, will all be considered and weighted. Performance of currently available coatings will be compared. A discussion of the economic impact on current and future SMT design will be included.
Water Absorption, Thickness Swelling and Rheological Properties of Agro Fiber...iosrjce
IOSR Journal of Polymer and Textile Engineering (IOSR-JPTE) is ambitious to disseminate information and experience in education, practice and investigation between polimer, fibric and all the sciences involved in textile.
Evaluation of Wash and Light Fastness of Some Selected Printed FabricsIOSR Journals
Abstract: The printed fabrics were subjected to ISO2, ISO3, and ISO4 wash fastness test and assessed for
change in colour and staining using the grey scale. The change in colour of the tested specimen and the staining
of the adjacent undyed cloths were assessed with the appropriate grey scales. The fabrics were also tested for
light fastness property. The specimen and the blue standard were exposed behind a glass and inserted into the
light fastness testing machine. Exposure was carried out for 48 hours. Based on the research carried out, it was
found that the selected foreign fabrics show a higher wash and light fastness property as compared to the local
fabrics which also show high wash and light fastness property.
Qc test for plastics,metallic tins,closures, collapsible tubes, secondary pac...himanshu kamboj
b pharma 6th sem
pharmaceutical quality assurance
Introduction
Types of pharmaceutical packaging
Packaging materials
Quality control test for plastic
Quality control test for closures
Quality control of collapsible tubes
Quality control of metallic tins
QC test for secondary packaging materials
Gopani has a modern state-of-art facility where glass fibre filter cartridges are manufactured in a highly controlled environment. The cartridge filter is manufactured using the highest quality yarn, suitable core material and sturdy end-caps. Every glass fibre filter undergoes a thorough quality check before moving out of the facility. Gopani’s Clarywound GF catridge filters are extremely resistant to corrosive liquids and aggressive chemicals. The filter works like a dream for applications involving high temperature exposure, reactive chemicals and corrosive liquids.
Development and pharmaceutical evaluation of oral fast dissolving thin film o...Madiha Mushtaque
The current study focused on the development, optimization and pharmaceutical evaluation of a mouth dissolving film of Escitalopram 5mg. The designing and optimization of the formulations have been carried out through
Design-Expert ® Ver. 9, using central composite response surface methodology. The software generated six optimized
formulations have been fabricated via solvent casting method incorporated with HPMC and PEG 400 as Plasticizer. The
developed formulations were assessed for various quality attributes including weight variation, drug-excipients
interaction, dryness/ tack test, thickness, percent elongation, swelling index, disintegration, folding endurance, surface
pH, content uniformity, assay, moisture uptake, stability, and organoleptic properties. A validated spectrophotometric
method has been used to ascertain drug content. The formulations were subjected for stability studies for six months in
accordance with ICH accelerated stability studies guidelines. No stability issue has been observed. All the test
formulations have shown satisfactory in vitro release of escitalopram whereas most promising results have been
exhibited by F5 and F6 formulations. The study concluded that a unique, novel, safe and stable formulation of oral fast
dissolving thin films of escitalopram can be formulated with ease. The preparation method was simple and reproducible
with scale-up tendency so that it can fulfill the need of the commercial manufacturing process.
This paper will present a rigorous method for evaluating the performance and economic benefits of solder paste stencil nano-coatings. Criterion such as underside cleaning, bridging, transfer efficiency across SARs, solder paste deposit geometry, post-print cleaning, and abrasion resistance of the coating, will all be considered and weighted. Performance of currently available coatings will be compared. A discussion of the economic impact on current and future SMT design will be included.
Effect Of Solvent Type On Microtensile Bond Strength Of TotalEtch One-Bottle ...iosrjce
IOSR Journal of Dental and Medical Sciences is one of the speciality Journal in Dental Science and Medical Science published by International Organization of Scientific Research (IOSR). The Journal publishes papers of the highest scientific merit and widest possible scope work in all areas related to medical and dental science. The Journal welcome review articles, leading medical and clinical research articles, technical notes, case reports and others.
Researchers and scientists are looking forward for the new fiber sources for the sustainable processing. The ultimate goal is to produce an organic fibrous material that can be utilized in textile industry and to manufacture eco-friendly products. In this circumstance here emerges a fiber from water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) an aquatic weed which has been attracted worldwide as a threat to biodiversity. Hence this paper highlights the physical, chemical and structural characterization of the fiber extracted from Eichhornia crassipes. The fiber was examined for the physical properties such as fiber length, diameter, elongation, moisture absorbency and fineness as well as mechanical properties by analyzing its tensile strength test. The structural and functional characterization of the fiber is examined using the Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and IR spectroscopy (FTIR). The thermal behavior of the fiber is analyzed using the Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC).
Design and Materials Selection: analysis of similar sanitary pads for daily useIJERA Editor
Hygiene practices have effects on vulvovaginal microbiota. Specific products for intimate female hygiene are available in the market, such as the sanitary pads. Since these pads were introduced in the market , they became the focus of research that seek to improve their shape, manufacturing processes and the properties of materials used in order to provide more benefits to users. Thus, the present study aimed to characterize the fabrics used in daily sanitary pads, focusing on the development of future products. The spectra generated by FTIR/ATR suggest that the samples were composed of polypropylene. The photomicrographs showed that the polymeric outer layer was made of nonwoven fabric manufactured by spunbond and point bonding processes.
Some Physical and Mechanical Properties of Xylopia aethiopica FruitScientific Review SR
Xylopia aethiopica is important crop that has medicinal and economic values and commonly utilized traditionally in
the treatment of several ailments. Thus, research carried out to investigate the physical and mechanical properties of
xylopia aethiopica, namely length, width, thickness, mean diameters, sphericity, surface area, volume, true and bulk
densities, porosity, angle of repose and static coefficient of friction, angle of repose, rupture force of xylopia
aethiopica at 9.7% moisture content (w.b.). Also, develop a database for engineers as well as by food scientists,
processors and breeders properties of xylopia aethiopica. The average length, width, and thickness varied between
25.13 and 87.60 mm, 3.48 and 5.79 mm, and 2.14 and 4.78 mm. The average sphericity, aspect ratio, surface area,
volume, 1000 unit mass bulk and true densities of xylopia aethiopica revealed 15.50%, 6.69%, 450.38 g, 389.31
kg/m
3
and 873.04 kg/m
3
.Detailed information (database) provided will be useful in the design and development of
machines to mitigate against stress involved in handling and processing of xylopia aethiopica (Annonaceae) fruit. It
is recommended to use stainless steel as materials for equipment construction.
Isolation is very important aspect in clinical dentistry. Rubber dam plays very important role in isolation in pediatric dentistry. In day to day clinical dentistry rubber dam becames choice of isloation among dentists. This presentation covered everything about rubber dam and recent advances of it. Parts of clamps, forceps, types of sheets and technique of usng rubber dam.
Embedding is the process in which the tissues or the specimens are enclosed in a mass of the embedding medium using different types of mould e.g steel molds ,glass
mold, plastic molds etc . Embedding is the crucial step in determining the orientation of sectioning. the tissue blocks are very thin in thickness they need a supporting
medium in which the tissue blocks are embedded. This supporting medium is called embedding medium. Various embedding substances are paraffin wax, celloidin,
synthetic resins, gelatine, etc.
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology.
Accelerated ageing of newsprint paper: Changes in swelling ability, WRV and e...Michal Jablonsky
The present paper deals with the effect of accelerated ageing on the ability of fibres to undergo saturation with water and the corresponding swelling kinetics. Changes in the surface charge of aged paper fibres were also investigated. Accelerated ageing was performed with newsprint paper at 98 °C and 50% RH during 0, 3, 5,7, 10, 15, 20 and 30 days. The rate and maximum swelling of accelerated aged paper in water were obtained with a modified monitoring unit measuring wood swelling ability. Since paper swells extremely fast in water, even at 30 °C, this apparatus made it possible for the first time to obtain accurate kinetic data on aged paper swelling in water. The polyelectrolyte titration technique was used to investigate changes in the surface charge on fibres from accelerated aged paper.
Comparison of Montreal Cognitive Assessment (Moca) and Mini-Mental State Exam...CrimsonPublishersTNN
Comparison of Montreal Cognitive Assessment (Moca) and Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) for the Detection of Cognitive Disorders by Román Esquivelb in Techniques in Neurosurgery & Neurology
Decompressive Craniectomy: A Review of the Adequacy of the Bony Decompression...CrimsonPublishersTNN
Decompressive Craniectomy: A Review of the Adequacy of the Bony Decompression in a Single Institution by Haitham Ben Ali in Techniques in Neurosurgery & Neurology
Multisensory Environments and the Patient with Alzheimer’s Disease: An Eviden...CrimsonPublishersTNN
Multisensory Environments and the Patient with Alzheimer’s Disease: An Evidence-based Review by Hassan Izzeddin Sarsak in Techniques in Neurosurgery & Neurology
The Effectiveness of Mirror Therapy with Stroke Patients in Producing Improve...CrimsonPublishersTNN
The Effectiveness of Mirror Therapy with Stroke Patients in Producing Improved Motor and Functional Outcomes by Hassan Izzeddin Sarsak in Techniques in Neurosurgery & Neurology
The Prevalence and Prognostic Value of Neuroimaging Abnormalities in the Acut...CrimsonPublishersTNN
The Prevalence and Prognostic Value of Neuroimaging Abnormalities in the Acute Phase of Sepsis-Associated Encephalopathy by Keenan A Walker in Techniques in Neurosurgery & Neurology
263778731218 Abortion Clinic /Pills In Harare ,sisternakatoto
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New Drug Discovery and Development .....NEHA GUPTA
The "New Drug Discovery and Development" process involves the identification, design, testing, and manufacturing of novel pharmaceutical compounds with the aim of introducing new and improved treatments for various medical conditions. This comprehensive endeavor encompasses various stages, including target identification, preclinical studies, clinical trials, regulatory approval, and post-market surveillance. It involves multidisciplinary collaboration among scientists, researchers, clinicians, regulatory experts, and pharmaceutical companies to bring innovative therapies to market and address unmet medical needs.
Lung Cancer: Artificial Intelligence, Synergetics, Complex System Analysis, S...Oleg Kshivets
RESULTS: Overall life span (LS) was 2252.1±1742.5 days and cumulative 5-year survival (5YS) reached 73.2%, 10 years – 64.8%, 20 years – 42.5%. 513 LCP lived more than 5 years (LS=3124.6±1525.6 days), 148 LCP – more than 10 years (LS=5054.4±1504.1 days).199 LCP died because of LC (LS=562.7±374.5 days). 5YS of LCP after bi/lobectomies was significantly superior in comparison with LCP after pneumonectomies (78.1% vs.63.7%, P=0.00001 by log-rank test). AT significantly improved 5YS (66.3% vs. 34.8%) (P=0.00000 by log-rank test) only for LCP with N1-2. Cox modeling displayed that 5YS of LCP significantly depended on: phase transition (PT) early-invasive LC in terms of synergetics, PT N0—N12, cell ratio factors (ratio between cancer cells- CC and blood cells subpopulations), G1-3, histology, glucose, AT, blood cell circuit, prothrombin index, heparin tolerance, recalcification time (P=0.000-0.038). Neural networks, genetic algorithm selection and bootstrap simulation revealed relationships between 5YS and PT early-invasive LC (rank=1), PT N0—N12 (rank=2), thrombocytes/CC (3), erythrocytes/CC (4), eosinophils/CC (5), healthy cells/CC (6), lymphocytes/CC (7), segmented neutrophils/CC (8), stick neutrophils/CC (9), monocytes/CC (10); leucocytes/CC (11). Correct prediction of 5YS was 100% by neural networks computing (area under ROC curve=1.0; error=0.0).
CONCLUSIONS: 5YS of LCP after radical procedures significantly depended on: 1) PT early-invasive cancer; 2) PT N0--N12; 3) cell ratio factors; 4) blood cell circuit; 5) biochemical factors; 6) hemostasis system; 7) AT; 8) LC characteristics; 9) LC cell dynamics; 10) surgery type: lobectomy/pneumonectomy; 11) anthropometric data. Optimal diagnosis and treatment strategies for LC are: 1) screening and early detection of LC; 2) availability of experienced thoracic surgeons because of complexity of radical procedures; 3) aggressive en block surgery and adequate lymph node dissection for completeness; 4) precise prediction; 5) adjuvant chemoimmunoradiotherapy for LCP with unfavorable prognosis.
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We specializes in exporting high quality Research chemical, medical intermediate, Pharmaceutical chemicals and so on. Products are exported to USA, Canada, France, Korea, Japan,Russia, Southeast Asia and other countries.
New Directions in Targeted Therapeutic Approaches for Older Adults With Mantl...i3 Health
i3 Health is pleased to make the speaker slides from this activity available for use as a non-accredited self-study or teaching resource.
This slide deck presented by Dr. Kami Maddocks, Professor-Clinical in the Division of Hematology and
Associate Division Director for Ambulatory Operations
The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, will provide insight into new directions in targeted therapeutic approaches for older adults with mantle cell lymphoma.
STATEMENT OF NEED
Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is a rare, aggressive B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) accounting for 5% to 7% of all lymphomas. Its prognosis ranges from indolent disease that does not require treatment for years to very aggressive disease, which is associated with poor survival (Silkenstedt et al, 2021). Typically, MCL is diagnosed at advanced stage and in older patients who cannot tolerate intensive therapy (NCCN, 2022). Although recent advances have slightly increased remission rates, recurrence and relapse remain very common, leading to a median overall survival between 3 and 6 years (LLS, 2021). Though there are several effective options, progress is still needed towards establishing an accepted frontline approach for MCL (Castellino et al, 2022). Treatment selection and management of MCL are complicated by the heterogeneity of prognosis, advanced age and comorbidities of patients, and lack of an established standard approach for treatment, making it vital that clinicians be familiar with the latest research and advances in this area. In this activity chaired by Michael Wang, MD, Professor in the Department of Lymphoma & Myeloma at MD Anderson Cancer Center, expert faculty will discuss prognostic factors informing treatment, the promising results of recent trials in new therapeutic approaches, and the implications of treatment resistance in therapeutic selection for MCL.
Target Audience
Hematology/oncology fellows, attending faculty, and other health care professionals involved in the treatment of patients with mantle cell lymphoma (MCL).
Learning Objectives
1.) Identify clinical and biological prognostic factors that can guide treatment decision making for older adults with MCL
2.) Evaluate emerging data on targeted therapeutic approaches for treatment-naive and relapsed/refractory MCL and their applicability to older adults
3.) Assess mechanisms of resistance to targeted therapies for MCL and their implications for treatment selection
Ozempic: Preoperative Management of Patients on GLP-1 Receptor Agonists Saeid Safari
Preoperative Management of Patients on GLP-1 Receptor Agonists like Ozempic and Semiglutide
ASA GUIDELINE
NYSORA Guideline
2 Case Reports of Gastric Ultrasound
Ethanol (CH3CH2OH), or beverage alcohol, is a two-carbon alcohol
that is rapidly distributed in the body and brain. Ethanol alters many
neurochemical systems and has rewarding and addictive properties. It
is the oldest recreational drug and likely contributes to more morbidity,
mortality, and public health costs than all illicit drugs combined. The
5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
(DSM-5) integrates alcohol abuse and alcohol dependence into a single
disorder called alcohol use disorder (AUD), with mild, moderate,
and severe subclassifications (American Psychiatric Association, 2013).
In the DSM-5, all types of substance abuse and dependence have been
combined into a single substance use disorder (SUD) on a continuum
from mild to severe. A diagnosis of AUD requires that at least two of
the 11 DSM-5 behaviors be present within a 12-month period (mild
AUD: 2–3 criteria; moderate AUD: 4–5 criteria; severe AUD: 6–11 criteria).
The four main behavioral effects of AUD are impaired control over
drinking, negative social consequences, risky use, and altered physiological
effects (tolerance, withdrawal). This chapter presents an overview
of the prevalence and harmful consequences of AUD in the U.S.,
the systemic nature of the disease, neurocircuitry and stages of AUD,
comorbidities, fetal alcohol spectrum disorders, genetic risk factors, and
pharmacotherapies for AUD.
Report Back from SGO 2024: What’s the Latest in Cervical Cancer?bkling
Are you curious about what’s new in cervical cancer research or unsure what the findings mean? Join Dr. Emily Ko, a gynecologic oncologist at Penn Medicine, to learn about the latest updates from the Society of Gynecologic Oncology (SGO) 2024 Annual Meeting on Women’s Cancer. Dr. Ko will discuss what the research presented at the conference means for you and answer your questions about the new developments.
Title: Sense of Taste
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the structure and function of taste buds.
Describe the relationship between the taste threshold and taste index of common substances.
Explain the chemical basis and signal transduction of taste perception for each type of primary taste sensation.
Recognize different abnormalities of taste perception and their causes.
Key Topics:
Significance of Taste Sensation:
Differentiation between pleasant and harmful food
Influence on behavior
Selection of food based on metabolic needs
Receptors of Taste:
Taste buds on the tongue
Influence of sense of smell, texture of food, and pain stimulation (e.g., by pepper)
Primary and Secondary Taste Sensations:
Primary taste sensations: Sweet, Sour, Salty, Bitter, Umami
Chemical basis and signal transduction mechanisms for each taste
Taste Threshold and Index:
Taste threshold values for Sweet (sucrose), Salty (NaCl), Sour (HCl), and Bitter (Quinine)
Taste index relationship: Inversely proportional to taste threshold
Taste Blindness:
Inability to taste certain substances, particularly thiourea compounds
Example: Phenylthiocarbamide
Structure and Function of Taste Buds:
Composition: Epithelial cells, Sustentacular/Supporting cells, Taste cells, Basal cells
Features: Taste pores, Taste hairs/microvilli, and Taste nerve fibers
Location of Taste Buds:
Found in papillae of the tongue (Fungiform, Circumvallate, Foliate)
Also present on the palate, tonsillar pillars, epiglottis, and proximal esophagus
Mechanism of Taste Stimulation:
Interaction of taste substances with receptors on microvilli
Signal transduction pathways for Umami, Sweet, Bitter, Sour, and Salty tastes
Taste Sensitivity and Adaptation:
Decrease in sensitivity with age
Rapid adaptation of taste sensation
Role of Saliva in Taste:
Dissolution of tastants to reach receptors
Washing away the stimulus
Taste Preferences and Aversions:
Mechanisms behind taste preference and aversion
Influence of receptors and neural pathways
Impact of Sensory Nerve Damage:
Degeneration of taste buds if the sensory nerve fiber is cut
Abnormalities of Taste Detection:
Conditions: Ageusia, Hypogeusia, Dysgeusia (parageusia)
Causes: Nerve damage, neurological disorders, infections, poor oral hygiene, adverse drug effects, deficiencies, aging, tobacco use, altered neurotransmitter levels
Neurotransmitters and Taste Threshold:
Effects of serotonin (5-HT) and norepinephrine (NE) on taste sensitivity
Supertasters:
25% of the population with heightened sensitivity to taste, especially bitterness
Increased number of fungiform papillae
NVBDCP.pptx Nation vector borne disease control programSapna Thakur
NVBDCP was launched in 2003-2004 . Vector-Borne Disease: Disease that results from an infection transmitted to humans and other animals by blood-feeding arthropods, such as mosquitoes, ticks, and fleas. Examples of vector-borne diseases include Dengue fever, West Nile Virus, Lyme disease, and malaria.
NVBDCP.pptx Nation vector borne disease control program
Physical Properties of Seven Different Brands of Standardized Endodontic Paper Cones_Crimson Publishers
1. Physical Properties of Seven Different Brands of
Standardized Endodontic Paper Cones
Jorge Paredes Vieyra1
*, Francisco Javier Jiménez Enriquez2
and Fabian Ocam-
po Acosta3
1
Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, México
2
Oral Surgery, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, México
3
Histopathology Department, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, México
Introduction
OEndodontic treatment attempts to remove bacteria from the root canal system
to stimulate periapical healing. For that purpose, clinicians must consider elements as
preoperative diagnosis, the ability to obtain infection control, root canal anatomy, procedural
complications, and factors like patients’ signs and symptoms [1]. All the involved processes
are aimed at creating and maintaining aseptic conditions and then obturation of the clean
root canal system [2]. The presence of bacteria is totally linked to situations of failure in
endodontic treatment, and many times this is due to failure in manage of root canals, as
well as microbial permeation through saliva or the use of contaminated instruments and/or
materials [3]. Infection persisting in the root canal and/or peri-apex is considered to be the
most significant factor that affects the outcome of endodontic treatment.
Absorbent paper cones are used extensively in endodontics for several purposes, in
endodontic treatment, the absorbent property, tapered and standardized size have been
developed to aid in the cleansing and drying of the canal and to carry antiseptic or disinfecting
coverings [4]. Paper points or paper cones were introduced for canal drying and applying
intracanal medicaments [5]. Initially manufactured from bibulous paper, they exhibited low
tensile strength and tended to disintegrate within the canal. They are now manufactured
from long-fibre papers such as cotton, mitsumata or silk by rolling a triangular blank with
longitudinally orien- tated fibres thus optimizing tensile strength and wicking properties
[6]. Paper points consist of plant cellulose, an unbranched polymer of b-D-glucose. Darvell
pointed that he abundant hydroxyl groups of cellulose form hydrogen bonds between polymer
chains and render the polymer hydrophilic, allowing significant absorption of water within its
structure and adsorption onto its surface [7]. The addition of organic resin binders improves
the point’s integrity and stiff- ness, albeit at the expense of absorbency [7]. As manufacturers
use different papers and bin- ders, absorbency and integrity vary significantly between
brands of paper point [8].
Crimson Publishers
Wings to the Research
Short Communication
*Corresponding author: Dr. Jorge Pare-
des Vieyra DDS, MSc, PhD, 710E San Ysidro
Blvd. suite “A” #1513, San Ysidro California
92173, USA
Submission: August 05, 2019
Published: August 22, 2019
Volume 2 - Issue 3
How to cite this article: Jorge Paredes V,
Francisco Javier Jiménez E, Fabian Ocampo
A. Physical Properties of Seven Different
Brands of Standardized Endodontic Paper
Cones. Tech Neurosurg Neurol.2(2).
TNN.000540.2019.
DOI: 10.31031/TNN.2019.02.000540.
Copyright@ Jorge Paredes Vieyra, This
article is distributed under the terms of
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0
International License, which permits
unrestricted use and redistribution
provided that the original author and
source are credited.
ISSN: 2637-7748
1Techniques in Neurosurgery & Neurology
Abstract
Aim: To evaluate the physical properties of 7 brands of standardized endodontic paper cones.
Methodology: Standardized endodontic absorbent paper points, size 30, from 7 different brands of 7
manufacturers were used for this study. Forty absorbent paper cones from each brand were selected at
random from packages with assorted cones. A total of 280 cones were tested, all tests were conducted at
a temperature of 23 °C.
Results: Three brands of standardized endodontic paper points (Diadent, Kerr, and Pearson) showed
significantly higher absorbencies than the remaining 7 brands tasted (p<0.05).
Conclusión: Absorbent paper points, even inside packs sterilized by the manufacturer, may be
contaminated. The most reliable method to maintain the aseptic chain during endodontic treatment is
the sterilization of paper points before their use, regardless of the commercial type.
Keywords: Paper cones; Paper points; Pain; Apical healing