The document provides an overview of PHP, including what PHP is, how to install PHP and related tools like MySQL and Apache, PHP syntax and basics like variables and operators, and key PHP programming concepts like conditional statements, arrays, and more. The tutorial is intended to teach PHP to beginners and take them from basic understanding to a more advanced mastery of the language.
This document provides an overview of PHP execution environment. It contains an agenda that discusses what PHP is, how PHP works, servers, and creating a first PHP page. The document explains that PHP stands for Hypertext Preprocessor and allows embedding scripts in web pages. It describes how PHP pages are processed by the server, which reads the PHP code and executes any tasks before sending the output to the client. It also discusses the different server options for running PHP, including hosted servers, installing it on a local computer, or using XAMPP.
PHP is a server-side scripting language mainly used for web development. It allows the building of a 3-tier architecture system to help a university relay student information between different layers and audiences. PHP would communicate with databases in the data layer and output HTML and XML to the presentation layer. It is useful for handling multimedia, compatible with databases and OS, open-source, and allows system interaction, though security issues arise from its popularity as a relatively basic language.
PHP is a server-side scripting language used to create dynamic web pages. It was created in 1994 by Rasmus Lerdorf and is now used by over 20 million websites. PHP code is embedded into HTML and is interpreted by the server before the page is sent to the browser. It allows developers to support databases, include files like images, and build e-commerce sites, forums, and other dynamic content without licensing fees. PHP is a flexible, scalable, and easy to use language for developing dynamic websites.
This document summarizes techniques for leveraging PHP projects through tools that enable easier project setup and deployment, improved testing, and greater code reuse through open source libraries and frameworks. It discusses tools for project management, dependency management, process supervision, configuration management, test data generation, social coding, and packaging libraries. The goal is to reduce maintenance overhead and encourage community collaboration on PHP projects.
This document provides an introduction and overview of PHP, including:
1. PHP is an open-source scripting language used for web development that allows developers to add dynamic content to websites. It can be embedded into HTML and is commonly used to create dynamic websites.
2. Key features of PHP include that it is free, runs on most web servers, and supports a wide range of databases. It allows developers to generate dynamic page content, collect form data, and more.
3. The document discusses PHP syntax, variables, embedding PHP code in web pages, and outputting data through functions like print(), echo(), and sprintf(). It provides examples of how to write PHP code and integrate it into HTML
PHP is a scripting language originally designed for web development to produce dynamic web pages. It is especially suited for server-side web development. PHP code is embedded into HTML and executed by the PHP runtime on the web server to create dynamic content. A sample PHP code displays "Hello World" by echoing the text. PHP supports various data types including integers, arrays, strings, and resources. Code optimizers aim to improve PHP performance by reducing code size and execution time. PHP includes many open source libraries and allows developers to extend its functionality through extensions written in C.
This document provides an overview of PHP execution environment. It contains an agenda that discusses what PHP is, how PHP works, servers, and creating a first PHP page. The document explains that PHP stands for Hypertext Preprocessor and allows embedding scripts in web pages. It describes how PHP pages are processed by the server, which reads the PHP code and executes any tasks before sending the output to the client. It also discusses the different server options for running PHP, including hosted servers, installing it on a local computer, or using XAMPP.
PHP is a server-side scripting language mainly used for web development. It allows the building of a 3-tier architecture system to help a university relay student information between different layers and audiences. PHP would communicate with databases in the data layer and output HTML and XML to the presentation layer. It is useful for handling multimedia, compatible with databases and OS, open-source, and allows system interaction, though security issues arise from its popularity as a relatively basic language.
PHP is a server-side scripting language used to create dynamic web pages. It was created in 1994 by Rasmus Lerdorf and is now used by over 20 million websites. PHP code is embedded into HTML and is interpreted by the server before the page is sent to the browser. It allows developers to support databases, include files like images, and build e-commerce sites, forums, and other dynamic content without licensing fees. PHP is a flexible, scalable, and easy to use language for developing dynamic websites.
This document summarizes techniques for leveraging PHP projects through tools that enable easier project setup and deployment, improved testing, and greater code reuse through open source libraries and frameworks. It discusses tools for project management, dependency management, process supervision, configuration management, test data generation, social coding, and packaging libraries. The goal is to reduce maintenance overhead and encourage community collaboration on PHP projects.
This document provides an introduction and overview of PHP, including:
1. PHP is an open-source scripting language used for web development that allows developers to add dynamic content to websites. It can be embedded into HTML and is commonly used to create dynamic websites.
2. Key features of PHP include that it is free, runs on most web servers, and supports a wide range of databases. It allows developers to generate dynamic page content, collect form data, and more.
3. The document discusses PHP syntax, variables, embedding PHP code in web pages, and outputting data through functions like print(), echo(), and sprintf(). It provides examples of how to write PHP code and integrate it into HTML
PHP is a scripting language originally designed for web development to produce dynamic web pages. It is especially suited for server-side web development. PHP code is embedded into HTML and executed by the PHP runtime on the web server to create dynamic content. A sample PHP code displays "Hello World" by echoing the text. PHP supports various data types including integers, arrays, strings, and resources. Code optimizers aim to improve PHP performance by reducing code size and execution time. PHP includes many open source libraries and allows developers to extend its functionality through extensions written in C.
PHP is a widely used scripting language for building dynamic web pages. It allows non-technical users to easily create interactive web content. PHP code is processed on the server-side and returns fully rendered HTML to browsers. The document discusses how PHP works, its history and uses, compilers that optimize PHP code, and concludes that PHP is a powerful tool for creating dynamic websites.
Advanced PHP Web Development Tools in 2015iScripts
Professional web developers make php web development absolutely stunning with the aid of different kinds of tools. A designer prefers tools after checking number of features, and the choice of the right tool for php web development is vital for creating user-friendliness and better interaction
PHP is a server-side web programming language that is broadly used for website/web development. Hence, PHP is productive with good security, reliable and fast to customise for developing web applications. We have shared some of the good points bases on that. We hope it will be helpful to you work with it.
PHP is a widely used scripting language originally designed for web development. It code is embedded into HTML and interpreted by a web server to produce dynamic web pages. PHP can also be run from the command line or used for desktop applications. It is available on most operating systems and works with many databases. The PHP source code is free to use and customize.
PHP is a widely-used scripting language for web development that is embedded into HTML. It runs on web servers and takes PHP code as input to create web pages as output. To use PHP for websites, you need PHP itself installed on a web server along with having a web browser. This document provides instructions on installing PHP and configuring it to work with an Apache web server on Linux. It describes downloading and extracting the PHP files, editing the configuration file php.ini, and restarting the web server for the changes to take effect.
PHP is a widely used open source scripting language originally designed for web development that can be embedded into HTML. It has a syntax inspired by C and C++ and is installed on over 20 million websites as a way to add dynamic functionality to web pages. The language has evolved over time through different versions and is powered by the Zend Engine.
This document describes a cuisine management system that allows users to search for recipes and add their own recipes online. It is a project by Reachgujarat.com in partnership with TCGL to provide a one-stop solution for business, travel, and tourism in Gujarat. The system was developed using PHP and MySQL with Dreamweaver as the editor. It includes functions for recipe search and addition, as well as travel booking features. Data flow diagrams were used in the design and both front-end and back-end aspects were tested on internal and live servers.
This document provides information about a Web Engineering II course. It outlines the course instructor, marks distribution including assignments, quizzes, attendance, mid-term and final exam. It then covers several chapters on PHP including its history and evolution, what PHP is, how to set it up, basic syntax and concepts, and differences between echo and print functions.
This document discusses using PHP to build a website generator with an intuitive interface for website creation and administration. It describes having sub-pages that can contain different elements like lists of people or projects, and pages made of one or many sub-pages. The technologies used are PHP, MySQL, CSS, JavaScript, and security is added through username/password and encryption. PHP is described as a scripting language especially suited for dynamic web pages that can interact with databases like MySQL. In comparison, PHP is said to be faster than both JSP and ASP.
The document outlines the basic steps in developing a computer program:
1. Define the problem and requirements for input and output.
2. Outline a solution by breaking the problem into smaller tasks and establishing the logic.
3. Develop the outline into an algorithm by specifying the processing steps, variables, and control structures.
4. Test the algorithm for errors by running sample inputs and checking for logical errors before coding.
5. Code the algorithm into a programming language.
6. Run the program to search for remaining logic errors and enhance functionality through testing.
7. Document and maintain the program ongoing from initial definition through final testing.
Brief History of PHP
PHP (PHP: Hypertext Preprocessor) was created by Rasmus Lerdorf in 1994. It was initially developed for HTTP usage logging and server-side form generation in Unix.
PHP 2 (1995) transformed the language into a Server-side embedded scripting language. Added database support, file uploads, variables, arrays, recursive functions, conditionals, iteration, regular expressions, etc.
PHP 3 (1998) added support for ODBC data sources, multiple platform support, email protocols (SNMP,IMAP), and new parser written by Zeev Suraski and Andi Gutmans .
PHP 4 (2000) became an independent component of the web server for added efficiency. The parser was renamed the Zend Engine. Many security features were added.
PHP 5 (2004) adds Zend Engine II with object oriented programming, robust XML support using the libxml2 library, SOAP extension for interoperability with Web Services, SQLite has been bundled with PHP
What is PHP Used For?
PHP is a general-purpose server-side scripting language originally designed for web development to produce dynamic web pages
PHP can interact with MySQL databases
What is PHP?
PHP == ‘Hypertext Preprocessor’
Open-source, server-side scripting language
Used to generate dynamic web-pages
PHP scripts reside between reserved PHP tags
This allows the programmer to embed PHP scripts within HTML pages
What is PHP (cont’d)
Interpreted language, scripts are parsed at run-time rather than compiled beforehand
Executed on the server-side
Source-code not visible by client
‘View Source’ in browsers does not display the PHP code
Various built-in functions allow for fast development
Compatible with many popular databases
What does PHP code look like?
Structurally similar to C/C++
Supports procedural and object-oriented paradigm (to some degree)
All PHP statements end with a semi-colon
Each PHP script must be enclosed in the reserved PHP tag
Comments in PHP
Standard C, C++, and shell comment symbols
Variables in PHP
PHP variables must begin with a “$” sign
Case-sensitive ($Foo != $foo != $fOo)
Global and locally-scoped variables
Global variables can be used anywhere
Local variables restricted to a function or class
Certain variable names reserved by PHP
Form variables ($_POST, $_GET)
Server variables ($_SERVER)
Etc.
Variable usage
Arithmetic Operations
$a - $b // subtraction
$a * $b // multiplication
$a / $b // division
$a += 5 // $a = $a+5 Also works for *= and /=
Concatenation
Use a period to join strings into one.
If ... Else...
If (condition)
{
Statements;
}
Else
{
Statement;
}
While Loops
While (condition)
{
Statements;
}
Date Display
$datedisplay=date(“yyyy/m/d”);
Print $datedisplay;
# If the date is April 1st, 2009
# It would display as 2009/4/1
Month, Day & Date Format Symbols
This document provides an introduction and overview of PHP (Hypertext Preprocessor), a widely-used open source scripting language for web development. It discusses that PHP is a server-side scripting language that can generate dynamic web page content. Key points covered include PHP's history and uses, how it differs from client-side scripting, advantages of server-side scripting, basic PHP syntax, variables, and variable scope.
Presentation of codeigniter to understand the framework and easy to understand for beginners.Codeigniter is php framework easy to learn and useful for start into web devlopment.
PHP stands for Hypertext Preprocessor and is a widely used scripting language originally designed for web development. PHP code is embedded into HTML and interpreted by a web server to generate dynamic web pages. PHP can also be run from the command line. It includes many libraries and extensions that allow it to interface with different systems. PHP's configuration file php.ini determines aspects of its behavior and is searched in several default locations upon startup.
web Based Application Devlopment using PHPmaccodder
This document provides an overview of PHP including:
1. A brief history of PHP including its origins and versions. PHP was created in 1994 and has evolved through versions like PHP/FI, PHP3, PHP5, and PHP7.
2. Descriptions of core PHP features like being open source, developing dynamic web applications, and supporting various databases.
3. Explanations of PHP syntax including tags, variables, naming conventions, constants, data types, and operators like arithmetic, assignment, comparison, increment/decrement, logical, and string operators.
4. Sections on specific PHP concepts like variables, constants, data types, expressions, and different types of operators. Variables are declared with
The document provides an overview of web technologies including HTML, CSS, JavaScript, PHP, content management systems, and databases. The objective is to introduce fundamentals of website creation using these technologies. It discusses basics of HTML and CSS for page layout and styling. JavaScript is described as used for interactive elements. PHP is presented as the programming language embedded in HTML pages and used to dynamically generate content. Popular content management systems like Drupal, WordPress, and Typo3 are highlighted. MySQL is mentioned as a database commonly used with PHP applications.
This document provides a tutorial on PHP (Hypertext Preprocessor), a programming language used for web development. It discusses:
- PHP allows developers to create dynamic content that interacts with databases. It is commonly used with MySQL.
- The tutorial is designed for programmers new to PHP concepts with basic computer programming skills.
- It provides an overview of PHP syntax and variable types, and how to set up a PHP development environment on different platforms like Linux, Windows, and MacOS.
PHP is a programming language used for building dynamic web sites. PHP code is embedded within HTML and runs on the web server, generating web pages dynamically as requested by visitors. PHP allows for easy creation of dynamic content. Common web programming technologies that PHP can be compared to include ASP, ASP.NET, Perl, Java, Python, Ruby, ColdFusion and more. PHP provides tools for building arrays, loops, functions and other essential elements for programming dynamic web applications.
PHP is a widely used open source scripting language that is embedded in HTML and interpreted by servers to produce dynamic web pages. It supports features like variables, functions, arrays, sessions, cookies, and connecting to databases like MySQL. PHP code is written in .php files and contains HTML tags. It allows combining of HTML markup and PHP code to create dynamic content.
Beginning web programming with PHP [PHP 101-02]Mozammel Haque
This document provides an introduction to PHP basics including:
- Using comments in PHP code
- Basic syntax like semicolons, variables, and data types
- Common operators for arithmetic, assignment, comparison, and logic
- How to define and call functions
PHP is a widely used scripting language for building dynamic web pages. It allows non-technical users to easily create interactive web content. PHP code is processed on the server-side and returns fully rendered HTML to browsers. The document discusses how PHP works, its history and uses, compilers that optimize PHP code, and concludes that PHP is a powerful tool for creating dynamic websites.
Advanced PHP Web Development Tools in 2015iScripts
Professional web developers make php web development absolutely stunning with the aid of different kinds of tools. A designer prefers tools after checking number of features, and the choice of the right tool for php web development is vital for creating user-friendliness and better interaction
PHP is a server-side web programming language that is broadly used for website/web development. Hence, PHP is productive with good security, reliable and fast to customise for developing web applications. We have shared some of the good points bases on that. We hope it will be helpful to you work with it.
PHP is a widely used scripting language originally designed for web development. It code is embedded into HTML and interpreted by a web server to produce dynamic web pages. PHP can also be run from the command line or used for desktop applications. It is available on most operating systems and works with many databases. The PHP source code is free to use and customize.
PHP is a widely-used scripting language for web development that is embedded into HTML. It runs on web servers and takes PHP code as input to create web pages as output. To use PHP for websites, you need PHP itself installed on a web server along with having a web browser. This document provides instructions on installing PHP and configuring it to work with an Apache web server on Linux. It describes downloading and extracting the PHP files, editing the configuration file php.ini, and restarting the web server for the changes to take effect.
PHP is a widely used open source scripting language originally designed for web development that can be embedded into HTML. It has a syntax inspired by C and C++ and is installed on over 20 million websites as a way to add dynamic functionality to web pages. The language has evolved over time through different versions and is powered by the Zend Engine.
This document describes a cuisine management system that allows users to search for recipes and add their own recipes online. It is a project by Reachgujarat.com in partnership with TCGL to provide a one-stop solution for business, travel, and tourism in Gujarat. The system was developed using PHP and MySQL with Dreamweaver as the editor. It includes functions for recipe search and addition, as well as travel booking features. Data flow diagrams were used in the design and both front-end and back-end aspects were tested on internal and live servers.
This document provides information about a Web Engineering II course. It outlines the course instructor, marks distribution including assignments, quizzes, attendance, mid-term and final exam. It then covers several chapters on PHP including its history and evolution, what PHP is, how to set it up, basic syntax and concepts, and differences between echo and print functions.
This document discusses using PHP to build a website generator with an intuitive interface for website creation and administration. It describes having sub-pages that can contain different elements like lists of people or projects, and pages made of one or many sub-pages. The technologies used are PHP, MySQL, CSS, JavaScript, and security is added through username/password and encryption. PHP is described as a scripting language especially suited for dynamic web pages that can interact with databases like MySQL. In comparison, PHP is said to be faster than both JSP and ASP.
The document outlines the basic steps in developing a computer program:
1. Define the problem and requirements for input and output.
2. Outline a solution by breaking the problem into smaller tasks and establishing the logic.
3. Develop the outline into an algorithm by specifying the processing steps, variables, and control structures.
4. Test the algorithm for errors by running sample inputs and checking for logical errors before coding.
5. Code the algorithm into a programming language.
6. Run the program to search for remaining logic errors and enhance functionality through testing.
7. Document and maintain the program ongoing from initial definition through final testing.
Brief History of PHP
PHP (PHP: Hypertext Preprocessor) was created by Rasmus Lerdorf in 1994. It was initially developed for HTTP usage logging and server-side form generation in Unix.
PHP 2 (1995) transformed the language into a Server-side embedded scripting language. Added database support, file uploads, variables, arrays, recursive functions, conditionals, iteration, regular expressions, etc.
PHP 3 (1998) added support for ODBC data sources, multiple platform support, email protocols (SNMP,IMAP), and new parser written by Zeev Suraski and Andi Gutmans .
PHP 4 (2000) became an independent component of the web server for added efficiency. The parser was renamed the Zend Engine. Many security features were added.
PHP 5 (2004) adds Zend Engine II with object oriented programming, robust XML support using the libxml2 library, SOAP extension for interoperability with Web Services, SQLite has been bundled with PHP
What is PHP Used For?
PHP is a general-purpose server-side scripting language originally designed for web development to produce dynamic web pages
PHP can interact with MySQL databases
What is PHP?
PHP == ‘Hypertext Preprocessor’
Open-source, server-side scripting language
Used to generate dynamic web-pages
PHP scripts reside between reserved PHP tags
This allows the programmer to embed PHP scripts within HTML pages
What is PHP (cont’d)
Interpreted language, scripts are parsed at run-time rather than compiled beforehand
Executed on the server-side
Source-code not visible by client
‘View Source’ in browsers does not display the PHP code
Various built-in functions allow for fast development
Compatible with many popular databases
What does PHP code look like?
Structurally similar to C/C++
Supports procedural and object-oriented paradigm (to some degree)
All PHP statements end with a semi-colon
Each PHP script must be enclosed in the reserved PHP tag
Comments in PHP
Standard C, C++, and shell comment symbols
Variables in PHP
PHP variables must begin with a “$” sign
Case-sensitive ($Foo != $foo != $fOo)
Global and locally-scoped variables
Global variables can be used anywhere
Local variables restricted to a function or class
Certain variable names reserved by PHP
Form variables ($_POST, $_GET)
Server variables ($_SERVER)
Etc.
Variable usage
Arithmetic Operations
$a - $b // subtraction
$a * $b // multiplication
$a / $b // division
$a += 5 // $a = $a+5 Also works for *= and /=
Concatenation
Use a period to join strings into one.
If ... Else...
If (condition)
{
Statements;
}
Else
{
Statement;
}
While Loops
While (condition)
{
Statements;
}
Date Display
$datedisplay=date(“yyyy/m/d”);
Print $datedisplay;
# If the date is April 1st, 2009
# It would display as 2009/4/1
Month, Day & Date Format Symbols
This document provides an introduction and overview of PHP (Hypertext Preprocessor), a widely-used open source scripting language for web development. It discusses that PHP is a server-side scripting language that can generate dynamic web page content. Key points covered include PHP's history and uses, how it differs from client-side scripting, advantages of server-side scripting, basic PHP syntax, variables, and variable scope.
Presentation of codeigniter to understand the framework and easy to understand for beginners.Codeigniter is php framework easy to learn and useful for start into web devlopment.
PHP stands for Hypertext Preprocessor and is a widely used scripting language originally designed for web development. PHP code is embedded into HTML and interpreted by a web server to generate dynamic web pages. PHP can also be run from the command line. It includes many libraries and extensions that allow it to interface with different systems. PHP's configuration file php.ini determines aspects of its behavior and is searched in several default locations upon startup.
web Based Application Devlopment using PHPmaccodder
This document provides an overview of PHP including:
1. A brief history of PHP including its origins and versions. PHP was created in 1994 and has evolved through versions like PHP/FI, PHP3, PHP5, and PHP7.
2. Descriptions of core PHP features like being open source, developing dynamic web applications, and supporting various databases.
3. Explanations of PHP syntax including tags, variables, naming conventions, constants, data types, and operators like arithmetic, assignment, comparison, increment/decrement, logical, and string operators.
4. Sections on specific PHP concepts like variables, constants, data types, expressions, and different types of operators. Variables are declared with
The document provides an overview of web technologies including HTML, CSS, JavaScript, PHP, content management systems, and databases. The objective is to introduce fundamentals of website creation using these technologies. It discusses basics of HTML and CSS for page layout and styling. JavaScript is described as used for interactive elements. PHP is presented as the programming language embedded in HTML pages and used to dynamically generate content. Popular content management systems like Drupal, WordPress, and Typo3 are highlighted. MySQL is mentioned as a database commonly used with PHP applications.
This document provides a tutorial on PHP (Hypertext Preprocessor), a programming language used for web development. It discusses:
- PHP allows developers to create dynamic content that interacts with databases. It is commonly used with MySQL.
- The tutorial is designed for programmers new to PHP concepts with basic computer programming skills.
- It provides an overview of PHP syntax and variable types, and how to set up a PHP development environment on different platforms like Linux, Windows, and MacOS.
PHP is a programming language used for building dynamic web sites. PHP code is embedded within HTML and runs on the web server, generating web pages dynamically as requested by visitors. PHP allows for easy creation of dynamic content. Common web programming technologies that PHP can be compared to include ASP, ASP.NET, Perl, Java, Python, Ruby, ColdFusion and more. PHP provides tools for building arrays, loops, functions and other essential elements for programming dynamic web applications.
PHP is a widely used open source scripting language that is embedded in HTML and interpreted by servers to produce dynamic web pages. It supports features like variables, functions, arrays, sessions, cookies, and connecting to databases like MySQL. PHP code is written in .php files and contains HTML tags. It allows combining of HTML markup and PHP code to create dynamic content.
Beginning web programming with PHP [PHP 101-02]Mozammel Haque
This document provides an introduction to PHP basics including:
- Using comments in PHP code
- Basic syntax like semicolons, variables, and data types
- Common operators for arithmetic, assignment, comparison, and logic
- How to define and call functions
The document provides an overview of installing PHP on Windows systems. It discusses choosing between the Windows InstallShield method (for beginners) or manual binary installation. The InstallShield process is demonstrated step-by-step using IIS as an example, covering downloading, choosing options, file extensions, and testing. The manual method requires copying files, setting permissions, and configuring the web server by adding application mappings in IIS. Examples demonstrate including header and footer files to create templates.
Hans Lellelid introduces Phing, a build tool for PHP projects. Phing allows developers to automate tasks like configuring, packaging, deploying, testing, and more through XML build files and tasks. It is based on Apache Ant and provides capabilities like selecting files with patterns, transforming files, running PHPUnit tests, and packaging code. Phing aims to be a familiar PHP-based build tool that integrates well with PHP applications and development workflows.
PHP is a server-side scripting language that is commonly used for web development to create dynamic web pages. It allows developers to manage forms, interface with databases like MySQL, and generate HTML on the fly. PHP scripts can easily be embedded into HTML documents and has seen tremendous growth since its creation in 1994, now being used on over 20 million websites. It is free to use, open source, and has a large community constantly improving it.
Apache is an open-source web server software project developed by the Apache Software Foundation. It is freely distributed and customizable, runs on most operating systems, and is actively developed with user feedback. Apache is highly configurable, extensible, efficient, and secure. It has majority hold on the web server market and deploys over 50% of internet content through servers for large internet companies. Developers volunteer through invitation to further develop Apache in a secure and extensible way.
The document outlines the contents of a technical seminar on quantum computing. It discusses the research area of high performance computing and introduces the topic of quantum computing. It describes features like obeying quantum mechanics laws and using qubits. Applications mentioned include cryptography, teleportation, and artificial intelligence. A comparison table compares three research papers on different aspects related to addressing problems in quantum computing.
This is a stylization of a slideshow originally created by Karl Fisch, examining globalization and America’s future in the 21st century. It is designed to stand alone, without having to be presented in person. Enjoy!
This is an educational presentation exploring humanity's water use and the emerging worldwide water shortage. It is designed to act as a stand-alone presentation. Enjoy!
This 3 line poem by Kahlil Gibran reminds the reader not to forget that nature enjoys small moments of intimacy, such as the earth feeling one's bare feet or the wind playing with one's hair.
This contains the entire 4-napkin health care series in one file. It makes more sense to read this one now than the others since it is the complete set all in one file.
This document provides tips for creating effective PowerPoint presentations. It notes that many presentations are "unbearable" due to a lack of significance, structure, simplicity, and rehearsal. It emphasizes the importance of having a clear purpose for your presentation, using a simple structure like problem-solution, keeping slides concise with minimal text and images over clipart, writing speaker notes instead of long slides for printing, and rehearsing your presentation aloud to work out any issues. The overall message is that presentations should be passionate, memorable and scalable through a focus on simplicity and clarity of message.
3 Things Every Sales Team Needs to Be Thinking About in 2017Drift
Thinking about your sales team's goals for 2017? Drift's VP of Sales shares 3 things you can do to improve conversion rates and drive more revenue.
Read the full story on the Drift blog here: http://blog.drift.com/sales-team-tips
TEDx Manchester: AI & The Future of WorkVolker Hirsch
TEDx Manchester talk on artificial intelligence (AI) and how the ascent of AI and robotics impacts our future work environments.
The video of the talk is now also available here: https://youtu.be/dRw4d2Si8LA
The document provides an overview of PHP and MySQL for beginners. It covers topics such as what PHP and MySQL are, how to install them, basic syntax, variables, operators, and conditional statements. The document is intended to teach readers everything they need to know to get started with PHP and build dynamic websites that integrate with MySQL databases.
The document provides a tutorial on PHP programming. It discusses what PHP is, how to install PHP, basic PHP syntax like variables and data types, and how to use PHP with HTML. It also covers PHP programming concepts like strings, operators, conditional statements, arrays, and more. The tutorial aims to teach the fundamentals of PHP to help readers get started with learning PHP.
The document provides a tutorial on PHP, a server-side scripting language. It discusses what PHP is used for, how to install and use it, basic syntax like variables and strings, and key programming structures like conditional statements and arrays. The tutorial is intended for beginners to learn PHP and serves as a reference for common PHP functions and concepts.
This document provides an outline for a lesson on PHP. It begins with an introduction to PHP, including its history and uses. It then covers the basics of PHP including PHP files, syntax, variables, data types, strings, and operators. The document provides examples of PHP code for echo and print statements, variable declaration and scope, data type conversion, and comments. It explains the main data types in PHP and functions for getting and setting variable types.
The document provides an overview of PHP concepts including variables, data types, functions, and more. It discusses PHP syntax like tags and comments. Key points covered include:
- PHP is a scripting language widely used for web development and is free to use
- Variables store and manipulate data in PHP and have no predefined type
- PHP has several data types including integers, doubles, strings, arrays, and objects
- Functions define reusable blocks of code and can accept parameters
- echo and print output content, with echo being marginally faster
PHP stands for PHP: Hypertext Preprocessor
PHP is a server-side scripting language, like ASP
PHP scripts are executed on the server
PHP supports many databases (MySQL, Informix, Oracle, Sybase, Solid, PostgreSQL, Generic ODBC, etc.)
PHP is an open source software
PHP is free to download and use
The document provides an overview of PHP including its history, introduction, syntax, variables, operators, conditional statements and loops. It discusses how PHP was originally created in 1994 and evolved through different versions. It defines PHP as a server-side scripting language used to build dynamic web applications and describes how PHP code is embedded into HTML files. It also provides examples of PHP syntax, variables, operators, if/else statements, switch statements, and for loops.
The document provides an introduction and tutorial on PHP (Hypertext Preprocessor), a programming language used for web development. It discusses what PHP is and what it can do, including generating dynamic page content and interacting with databases. It then covers PHP syntax, variables, data types, strings, arrays, operators, decision making with if/else statements, loops, functions, and collecting form data with the $_GET variable. The tutorial is intended to help readers build a base of fundamental PHP concepts and skills.
This document provides an overview of the PHP programming language. It discusses that PHP is a server-side scripting language used for building dynamic web applications. It can be used to collect form data, generate dynamic page content, create and manage files and databases on the server. The document then demonstrates basic PHP syntax and shows how to output text and variables to the browser. It also covers PHP data types like strings, integers, arrays and objects. Finally, it provides examples of common string manipulation functions in PHP.
The document provides an overview of PHP (Hypertext Preprocessor), which is a widely used open-source scripting language used for web development. PHP code is executed on the server and generates HTML that is sent to the browser. PHP can connect to databases, collect form data, send/receive cookies, and more. It runs on many platforms and servers and is easy to learn. The document also covers basic PHP syntax, comments, variables, variable scope, and how to use global and static variables.
This document contains notes on PHP covering topics such as:
- PHP is a popular scripting language suited for web development created by Rasmus Lerdorf in 1994.
- Advantages of PHP include being open source, supporting many databases, and being platform independent.
- PHP can be used to build dynamic web applications with MySQL, handle dynamic content and sessions, and encrypt data.
- XAMPP is a free and open source package used to install PHP on Windows, Linux, and Mac operating systems.
- PHP variables, constants, data types, functions, and operators are explained.
This document provides an introduction to PHP (Hypertext Preprocessor), which is a server-side scripting language used for web development. It discusses three-tiered websites, server-side scripting, and some key aspects of PHP including its history, basic syntax, variables, data types, functions, and conditional statements. PHP allows for dynamic content generation, computational processing, database access, and more on the server side to create interactive websites and web applications.
This document provides an introduction to PHP with 8 sections: 1) PHP stands for Hypertext Preprocessor and is a scripting language; 2) PHP can be used on Stanford servers or free web hosts but functionality may be limited; 3) A "Hello World" example is presented using print() to output text; 4) Syntax guidelines are outlined including file saving, comments, and case sensitivity; 5) Conditional statements like if/else are demonstrated; 6) Variables are introduced and basic math operations shown; 7) Forms processing with GET and POST variables is explained; 8) Further PHP topics are mentioned like cookies, games, and data parsing.
This document provides an introduction to PHP with 8 sections: 1) PHP stands for Hypertext Preprocessor and is a scripting language; 2) PHP can be used on Stanford servers or free web hosts; 3) A "Hello World" example is presented using print(); 4) Syntax guidelines are outlined; 5) If/else conditional statements are covered; 6) Variables are introduced; 7) Forms processing with GET and POST variables is demonstrated; 8) More advanced PHP topics are mentioned to explore further.
PHP is a scripting language used for web development that allows developers to write dynamically generated web pages quickly. Key points about PHP include:
- PHP code must be contained within <?php ?> tags or <? ?> shorthand tags
- Files containing PHP code must have a .php extension
- Variables, operators, functions, and other PHP elements allow dynamic content and programming logic
- Functions can take parameters and return values
- Files and sessions allow sharing data across pages
PHP is an open source scripting language used for web development that can be embedded into HTML. It is executed on the server and allows code to be enclosed in special PHP tags. Variables in PHP start with a $ sign and automatically take the correct data type. Strings can be concatenated using the . operator and PHP supports various operators like arithmetic, assignment, comparison, and logical for working with values.
This document provides an overview of PHP, including what it is, how it works, and what it can be used for. PHP is an open source scripting language suited for web development that allows embedding code into HTML. PHP code is placed between <?php ?> tags and is executed on the server to generate HTML sent to the client. PHP can be used for server-side scripting, command line scripting, and writing desktop applications. It supports many databases and operating systems and can be used for tasks like collecting form data and generating dynamic web page content.
This document provides an introduction to PHP programming. It discusses what PHP is, how to set up a PHP development environment using XAMPP, basic PHP syntax and structures, variables and data types, operators, conditional statements, arrays, and other fundamental PHP concepts. Examples are provided throughout to illustrate key points. The document is intended as a introductory guide to learning PHP for web development.
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Php tutorial from_beginner_to_master
1. PHP Tutorial From beginner to master
PHP is a powerful tool for making dynamic and interactive Web pages.
PHP is the widely-used, free, and efficient alternative to competitors such
as Microsoft's ASP.
In our PHP tutorial you will learn about PHP, and how to execute scripts
on your server
Pre-requisites
Before you continue you should have a basic understanding of the following:
• HTML/XHTML
• JavaScript
What is PHP?
• PHP stands for PHP: Hypertext Preprocessor
• PHP is a server-side scripting language, like ASP
• PHP scripts are executed on the server
• PHP supports many databases (MySQL, Informix, Oracle, Sybase, Solid, PostgreSQL,
Generic ODBC, etc.)
• PHP is an open source software
• PHP is free to download and use
What is a PHP File?
• PHP files can contain text, HTML tags and scripts
• PHP files are returned to the browser as plain HTML
• PHP files have a file extension of ".php", ".php3", or ".phtml"
What is MySQL?
• MySQL is a database server
• MySQL is ideal for both small and large applications
• MySQL supports standard SQL
• MySQL compiles on a number of platforms
1
2. • MySQL is free to download and use
PHP + MySQL
• PHP combined with MySQL are cross-platform (you can develop in Windows and
serve on a Unix platform)
Why PHP?
• PHP runs on different platforms (Windows, Linux, Unix, etc.)
• PHP is compatible with almost all servers used today (Apache, IIS, etc.)
• PHP is FREE to download from the official PHP resource: www.php.net
• PHP is easy to learn and runs efficiently on the server side
Where to Start?
To get access to a web server with PHP support, you can:
• Install Apache (or IIS) on your own server, install PHP, and MySQL
• Or find a web hosting plan with PHP and MySQL support
PHP Installation
What do you need?
Most people would prefer to install a all-in-one solution:
WampServer 2.0i [07/11/09] for Windows platform
Includes :
- Apache 2.2.11
- MySQL 5.1.36
- PHP 5.3.0
http://www.wampserver.com/en/
http://lamphowto.com/ for Linux platform
Already have a web server?
If your server supports PHP you don't need to do anything.
Just create some .php files in your web directory, and the server will parse them for you.
Because it is free, most web hosts offer PHP support. However, if your server does not
2
3. support PHP, you must install PHP. Here is a link to a good tutorial from PHP.net on how to
install PHP5: http://www.php.net/manual/en/install.php
Download PHP
Download PHP for free here: http://www.php.net/downloads.php
Download MySQL Database
Download MySQL for free here: http://www.mysql.com/downloads/index.html
Download Apache Server
Download Apache for free here: http://httpd.apache.org/download.cgi
Download a nice text editor [Not required]
http://www.flos-freeware.ch/notepad2.html
PHP Syntax
PHP code is executed on the server, and the plain HTML result is sent to the browser.
Basic PHP Syntax
A PHP scripting block always starts with <?php and ends with ?>. A PHP scripting block can
be placed anywhere in the document.
On servers with shorthand support enabled you can start a scripting block with <? and end
with ?>.
For maximum compatibility, we recommend that you use the standard form (<?php) rather
than the shorthand form.
<?php
?>
A PHP file normally contains HTML tags, just like an HTML file, and some PHP scripting code.
Below, we have an example of a simple PHP script which sends the text "Hello World" to the
browser:
3
4. <html>
<body>
<?php
echo "Hello World";
?>
</body>
</html>
Each code line in PHP must end with a semicolon. The semicolon is a separator and is used
to distinguish one set of instructions from another.
There are two basic statements to output text with PHP: echo and print. In the example
above we have used the echo statement to output the text "Hello World".
Note: The file must have a .php extension. If the file has a .html extension, the PHP code will
not be executed.
Comments in PHP
In PHP, we use // to make a single-line comment or /* and */ to make a large comment
block.
<html>
<body>
<?php
//This is a comment
/*
This is
a comment
block
*/
?>
</body>
</html>
4
5. PHP Variables
A variable is used to store information.
Variables in PHP
Variables are used for storing a values, like text strings, numbers or arrays.
When a variable is declared, it can be used over and over again in your script.
All variables in PHP start with a $ sign symbol.
The correct way of declaring a variable in PHP:
$var_name = value;
New PHP programmers often forget the $ sign at the beginning of the variable. In that case it will not
work.
Let's try creating a variable containing a string, and a variable containing a number:
<?php
$txt="Hello World!";
$x=16;
?>
PHP is a Loosely Typed Language
In PHP, a variable does not need to be declared before adding a value to it.
In the example above, you see that you do not have to tell PHP which data type the variable is.
PHP automatically converts the variable to the correct data type, depending on its value.
In a strongly typed programming language, you have to declare (define) the type and name of the
variable before using it.
In PHP, the variable is declared automatically when you use it.
Naming Rules for Variables
• A variable name must start with a letter or an underscore "_"
• A variable name can only contain alpha-numeric characters and underscores (a-z, A-Z, 0-9, and
_)
5
6. • A variable name should not contain spaces. If a variable name is more than one word, it should
be separated with an underscore ($my_string), or with capitalization ($myString)
PHP String Variables
A string variable is used to store and manipulate text.
String Variables in PHP
String variables are used for values that contains characters.
In this chapter we are going to look at the most common functions and operators used to manipulate
strings in PHP.
After we create a string we can manipulate it. A string can be used directly in a function or it can be
stored in a variable.
Below, the PHP script assigns the text "Hello World" to a string variable called $txt:
<?php
$txt="Hello World";
echo $txt;
?>
The output of the code above will be:
Hello World
Now, lets try to use some different functions and operators to manipulate the string.
The Concatenation Operator
There is only one string operator in PHP.
The concatenation operator (.) is used to put two string values together.
To concatenate two string variables together, use the concatenation operator:
<?php
$txt1="Hello World!";
$txt2="What a nice day!";
echo $txt1 . " " . $txt2;
?>
6
7. The output of the code above will be:
Hello World! What a nice day!
If we look at the code above you see that we used the concatenation operator two times. This is because
we had to insert a third string (a space character), to separate the two strings.
The strlen() function
The strlen() function is used to return the length of a string.
Let's find the length of a string:
<?php
echo strlen("Hello world!");
?>
The output of the code above will be:
12
The length of a string is often used in loops or other functions, when it is important to know when the
string ends. (i.e. in a loop, we would want to stop the loop after the last character in the string).
The strpos() function
The strpos() function is used to search for character within a string.
If a match is found, this function will return the position of the first match. If no match is found, it will
return FALSE.
Let's see if we can find the string "world" in our string:
<?php
echo strpos("Hello world!","world");
?>
The output of the code above will be:
6
The position of the string "world" in our string is position 6. The reason that it is 6 (and not 7), is that
the first position in the string is 0, and not 1.
7
8. Complete PHP String Reference
For a complete reference of all string functions, go to our complete PHP String Reference.
The reference contains a brief description, and examples of use, for each function!
PHP Operators
Operators are used to operate on values.
PHP Operators
This section lists the different operators used in PHP.
Arithmetic Operators
Operator Description Example Result
+ Addition x=2 4
x+2
- Subtraction x=2 3
5-x
* Multiplication x=4 20
x*5
/ Division 15/5 3
5/2 2.5
% Modulus (division remainder) 5%2 1
10%8 2
10%2 0
++ Increment x=5 x=6
x++
-- Decrement x=5 x=4
x--
Assignment Operators
Operator Example Is The Same As
= x=y x=y
8
9. += x+=y x=x+y
-= x-=y x=x-y
*= x*=y x=x*y
/= x/=y x=x/y
.= x.=y x=x.y
%= x%=y x=x%y
Comparison Operators
Operator Description Example
== is equal to 5==8 returns false
!= is not equal 5!=8 returns true
> is greater than 5>8 returns false
< is less than 5<8 returns true
>= is greater than or equal to 5>=8 returns false
<= is less than or equal to 5<=8 returns true
Logical Operators
Operator Description Example
&& and x=6
y=3
(x < 10 && y > 1) returns true
|| or x=6
y=3
(x==5 || y==5) returns false
! not x=6
y=3
!(x==y) returns true
9
10. PHP If...Else Statements
Conditional statements are used to perform different actions based on different
conditions.
Conditional Statements
Very often when you write code, you want to perform different actions for different decisions.
You can use conditional statements in your code to do this.
In PHP we have the following conditional statements:
• if statement - use this statement to execute some code only if a specified condition is true
• if...else statement - use this statement to execute some code if a condition is true and
another code if the condition is false
• if...elseif....else statement - use this statement to select one of several blocks of code to be
executed
• switch statement - use this statement to select one of many blocks of code to be executed
The if Statement
Use the if statement to execute some code only if a specified condition is true.
Syntax
if (condition) code to be executed if condition is true;
The following example will output "Have a nice weekend!" if the current day is Friday:
<html>
<body>
<?php
$d=date("D");
if ($d=="Fri") echo "Have a nice weekend!";
?>
</body>
</html>
Notice that there is no ..else.. in this syntax. You tell the browser to execute some code only if the
specified condition is true.
10
11. The if...else Statement
Use the if....else statement to execute some code if a condition is true and another code if a condition is
false.
Syntax
if (condition)
code to be executed if condition is true;
else
code to be executed if condition is false;
Example
The following example will output "Have a nice weekend!" if the current day is Friday, otherwise it will
output "Have a nice day!":
<html>
<body>
<?php
$d=date("D");
if ($d=="Fri")
echo "Have a nice weekend!";
else
echo "Have a nice day!";
?>
</body>
</html>
If more than one line should be executed if a condition is true/false, the lines should be enclosed within
curly braces:
<html>
<body>
<?php
$d=date("D");
if ($d=="Fri")
{
echo "Hello!<br />";
echo "Have a nice weekend!";
echo "See you on Monday!";
}
?>
</body>
</html>
11
12. The if...elseif....else Statement
Use the if....elseif...else statement to select one of several blocks of code to be executed.
Syntax
if (condition)
code to be executed if condition is true;
elseif (condition)
code to be executed if condition is true;
else
code to be executed if condition is false;
Example
The following example will output "Have a nice weekend!" if the current day is Friday, and "Have a nice
Sunday!" if the current day is Sunday. Otherwise it will output "Have a nice day!":
<html>
<body>
<?php
$d=date("D");
if ($d=="Fri")
echo "Have a nice weekend!";
elseif ($d=="Sun")
echo "Have a nice Sunday!";
else
echo "Have a nice day!";
?>
</body>
</html>
PHP Switch Statement
Conditional statements are used to perform different actions based on different
conditions.
The PHP Switch Statement
Use the switch statement to select one of many blocks of code to be executed.
Syntax
switch (n)
{
case label1:
12
13. code to be executed if n=label1;
break;
case label2:
code to be executed if n=label2;
break;
default:
code to be executed if n is different from both label1 and label2;
}
This is how it works: First we have a single expression n (most often a variable), that is evaluated once.
The value of the expression is then compared with the values for each case in the structure. If there is a
match, the block of code associated with that case is executed. Use break to prevent the code from
running into the next case automatically. The default statement is used if no match is found.
Example
<html>
<body>
<?php
switch ($x)
{
case 1:
echo "Number 1";
break;
case 2:
echo "Number 2";
break;
case 3:
echo "Number 3";
break;
default:
echo "No number between 1 and 3";
}
?>
</body>
</html>
PHP Arrays
An array stores multiple values in one single variable.
What is an Array?
A variable is a storage area holding a number or text. The problem is, a variable will hold only one
value.
An array is a special variable, which can store multiple values in one single variable.
13
14. If you have a list of items (a list of car names, for example), storing the cars in single variables could
look like this:
$cars1="Saab";
$cars2="Volvo";
$cars3="BMW";
However, what if you want to loop through the cars and find a specific one? And what if you had not 3
cars, but 300?
The best solution here is to use an array!
An array can hold all your variable values under a single name. And you can access the values by
referring to the array name.
Each element in the array has its own index so that it can be easily accessed.
In PHP, there are three kind of arrays:
• Numeric array - An array with a numeric index
• Associative array - An array where each ID key is associated with a value
• Multidimensional array - An array containing one or more arrays
Numeric Arrays
A numeric array stores each array element with a numeric index.
There are two methods to create a numeric array.
1. In the following example the index are automatically assigned (the index starts at 0):
$cars=array("Saab","Volvo","BMW","Toyota");
2. In the following example we assign the index manually:
$cars[0]="Saab";
$cars[1]="Volvo";
$cars[2]="BMW";
$cars[3]="Toyota";
Example
In the following example you access the variable values by referring to the array name and index:
<?php
$cars[0]="Saab";
$cars[1]="Volvo";
$cars[2]="BMW";
$cars[3]="Toyota";
14
15. echo $cars[0] . " and " . $cars[1] . " are Swedish cars.";
?>
The code above will output:
Saab and Volvo are Swedish cars.
Associative Arrays
An associative array, each ID key is associated with a value.
When storing data about specific named values, a numerical array is not always the best way to do it.
With associative arrays we can use the values as keys and assign values to them.
Example 1
In this example we use an array to assign ages to the different persons:
$ages = array("Peter"=>32, "Quagmire"=>30, "Joe"=>34);
Example 2
This example is the same as example 1, but shows a different way of creating the array:
$ages['Peter'] = "32";
$ages['Quagmire'] = "30";
$ages['Joe'] = "34";
The ID keys can be used in a script:
<?php
$ages['Peter'] = "32";
$ages['Quagmire'] = "30";
$ages['Joe'] = "34";
echo "Peter is " . $ages['Peter'] . " years old.";
?>
The code above will output:
Peter is 32 years old.
15
16. Multidimensional Arrays
In a multidimensional array, each element in the main array can also be an array. And each element in
the sub-array can be an array, and so on.
Example
In this example we create a multidimensional array, with automatically assigned ID keys:
$families = array
(
"Griffin"=>array
(
"Peter",
"Lois",
"Megan"
),
"Quagmire"=>array
(
"Glenn"
),
"Brown"=>array
(
"Cleveland",
"Loretta",
"Junior"
)
);
The array above would look like this if written to the output:
Array
(
[Griffin] => Array
(
[0] => Peter
[1] => Lois
[2] => Megan
)
[Quagmire] => Array
(
[0] => Glenn
)
[Brown] => Array
(
[0] => Cleveland
[1] => Loretta
[2] => Junior
)
)
16
17. Example 2
Lets try displaying a single value from the array above:
echo "Is " . $families['Griffin'][2] .
" a part of the Griffin family?";
The code above will output:
Is Megan a part of the Griffin family?
Complete PHP Array Reference
For a complete reference of all array functions, go to our complete PHP Array Reference.
The reference contains a brief description, and examples of use, for each function!
PHP Looping - While Loops
Loops execute a block of code a specified number of times, or while a specified condition
is true.
PHP Loops
Often when you write code, you want the same block of code to run over and over again in a row.
Instead of adding several almost equal lines in a script we can use loops to perform a task like this.
In PHP, we have the following looping statements:
• while - loops through a block of code while a specified condition is true
• do...while - loops through a block of code once, and then repeats the loop as long as a
specified condition is true
• for - loops through a block of code a specified number of times
• foreach - loops through a block of code for each element in an array
The while Loop
The while loop executes a block of code while a condition is true.
Syntax
while (condition)
{
17
18. code to be executed;
}
Example
The example below defines a loop that starts with i=1. The loop will continue to run as long as i is less
than, or equal to 5. i will increase by 1 each time the loop runs:
<html>
<body>
<?php
$i=1;
while($i<=5)
{
echo "The number is " . $i . "<br />";
$i++;
}
?>
</body>
</html>
Output:
The number is 1
The number is 2
The number is 3
The number is 4
The number is 5
The do...while Statement
The do...while statement will always execute the block of code once, it will then check the condition, and
repeat the loop while the condition is true.
Syntax
do
{
code to be executed;
}
while (condition);
18
19. Example
The example below defines a loop that starts with i=1. It will then increment i with 1, and write some
output. Then the condition is checked, and the loop will continue to run as long as i is less than, or equal
to 5:
<html>
<body>
<?php
$i=1;
do
{
$i++;
echo "The number is " . $i . "<br />";
}
while ($i<=5);
?>
</body>
</html>
Output:
The number is 2
The number is 3
The number is 4
The number is 5
The number is 6
The for loop and the foreach loop will be explained in the next section
PHP Looping - For Loops
Loops execute a block of code a specified number of times, or while a specified condition
is true.
The for Loop
The for loop is used when you know in advance how many times the script should run.
Syntax
for (init; condition; increment)
{
code to be executed;
}
19
20. Parameters:
• init: Mostly used to set a counter (but can be any code to be executed once at the beginning of
the loop)
• condition: Evaluated for each loop iteration. If it evaluates to TRUE, the loop continues. If it
evaluates to FALSE, the loop ends.
• increment: Mostly used to increment a counter (but can be any code to be executed at the end
of the loop)
Note: Each of the parameters above can be empty, or have multiple expressions (separated by
commas).
Example
The example below defines a loop that starts with i=1. The loop will continue to run as long as i is less
than, or equal to 5. i will increase by 1 each time the loop runs:
<html>
<body>
<?php
for ($i=1; $i<=5; $i++)
{
echo "The number is " . $i . "<br />";
}
?>
</body>
</html>
Output:
The number is 1
The number is 2
The number is 3
The number is 4
The number is 5
The foreach Loop
The foreach loop is used to loop through arrays.
Syntax
foreach ($array as $value)
{
code to be executed;
}
20
21. For every loop iteration, the value of the current array element is assigned to $value (and the array
pointer is moved by one) - so on the next loop iteration, you'll be looking at the next array value.
Example
The following example demonstrates a loop that will print the values of the given array:
<html>
<body>
<?php
$x=array("one","two","three");
foreach ($x as $value)
{
echo $value . "<br />";
}
?>
</body>
</html>
Output:
one
two
three
PHP Functions
The real power of PHP comes from its functions.
In PHP, there are more than 700 built-in functions.
PHP Built-in Functions
For a complete reference and examples of the built-in functions, please visit our PHP Reference.
PHP Functions
In this chapter we will show you how to create your own functions.
To keep the browser from executing a script when the page loads, you can put your script into a
function.
A function will be executed by a call to the function.
21
22. You may call a function from anywhere within a page.
Create a PHP Function
A function will be executed by a call to the function.
Syntax
function functionName()
{
code to be executed;
}
PHP function guidelines:
• Give the function a name that reflects what the function does
• The function name can start with a letter or underscore (not a number)
Example
A simple function that writes my name when it is called:
<html>
<body>
<?php
function writeName()
{
echo "Kai Jim Refsnes";
}
echo "My name is ";
writeName();
?>
</body>
</html>
Output:
My name is Kai Jim Refsnes
PHP Functions - Adding parameters
To add more functionality to a function, we can add parameters. A parameter is just like a variable.
22
23. Parameters are specified after the function name, inside the parentheses.
Example 1
The following example will write different first names, but equal last name:
<html>
<body>
<?php
function writeName($fname)
{
echo $fname . " Refsnes.<br />";
}
echo "My name is ";
writeName("Kai Jim");
echo "My sister's name is ";
writeName("Hege");
echo "My brother's name is ";
writeName("Stale");
?>
</body>
</html>
Output:
My name is Kai Jim Refsnes.
My sister's name is Hege Refsnes.
My brother's name is Stale Refsnes.
Example 2
The following function has two parameters:
<html>
<body>
<?php
function writeName($fname,$punctuation)
{
echo $fname . " Refsnes" . $punctuation . "<br />";
}
echo "My name is ";
writeName("Kai Jim",".");
echo "My sister's name is ";
writeName("Hege","!");
echo "My brother's name is ";
writeName("Ståle","?");
?>
23
24. </body>
</html>
Output:
My name is Kai Jim Refsnes.
My sister's name is Hege Refsnes!
My brother's name is Ståle Refsnes?
PHP Functions - Return values
To let a function return a value, use the return statement.
Example
<html>
<body>
<?php
function add($x,$y)
{
$total=$x+$y;
return $total;
}
echo "1 + 16 = " . add(1,16);
?>
</body>
</html>
Output:
1 + 16 = 17
PHP Forms and User Input
The PHP $_GET and $_POST variables are used to retrieve information from forms, like
user input.
24
25. PHP Form Handling
The most important thing to notice when dealing with HTML forms and PHP is that any form element in
an HTML page will automatically be available to your PHP scripts.
Example
The example below contains an HTML form with two input fields and a submit button:
<html>
<body>
<form action="welcome.php" method="post">
Name: <input type="text" name="fname" />
Age: <input type="text" name="age" />
<input type="submit" />
</form>
</body>
</html>
When a user fills out the form above and click on the submit button, the form data is sent to a PHP file,
called "welcome.php":
"welcome.php" looks like this:
<html>
<body>
Welcome <?php echo $_POST["fname"]; ?>!<br />
You are <?php echo $_POST["age"]; ?> years old.
</body>
</html>
Output could be something like this:
Welcome John!
You are 28 years old.
The PHP $_GET and $_POST functions will be explained in the next chapters.
Form Validation
User input should be validated on the browser whenever possible (by client scripts). Browser validation
is faster and reduces the server load.
You should consider server validation if the user input will be inserted into a database. A good way to
validate a form on the server is to post the form to itself, instead of jumping to a different page. The
25
26. user will then get the error messages on the same page as the form. This makes it easier to discover the
error.
The built-in $_GET function is used to collect values in a form with method="get".
The $_GET Function
The built-in $_GET function is used to collect values from a form sent with method="get".
Information sent from a form with the GET method is visible to everyone (it will be displayed in the
browser's address bar) and has limits on the amount of information to send (max. 100 characters).
Example
<form action="welcome.php" method="get">
Name: <input type="text" name="fname" />
Age: <input type="text" name="age" />
<input type="submit" />
</form>
When the user clicks the "Submit" button, the URL sent to the server could look something like this:
http://www.w3schools.com/welcome.php?fname=Peter&age=37
The "welcome.php" file can now use the $_GET function to collect form data (the names of the form
fields will automatically be the keys in the $_GET array):
Welcome <?php echo $_GET["fname"]; ?>.<br />
You are <?php echo $_GET["age"]; ?> years old!
When to use method="get"?
When using method="get" in HTML forms, all variable names and values are displayed in the URL.
Note: This method should not be used when sending passwords or other sensitive information!
However, because the variables are displayed in the URL, it is possible to bookmark the page. This can
be useful in some cases.
Note: The get method is not suitable for large variable values; the value cannot exceed 100 characters.
26
27. The built-in $_POST function is used to collect values in a form with
method="post".
The $_POST Function
The built-in $_POST function is used to collect values from a form sent with method="post".
Information sent from a form with the POST method is invisible to others and has no limits on
the amount of information to send.
Note: However, there is an 8 Mb max size for the POST method, by default (can be changed by
setting the post_max_size in the php.ini file).
Example
<form action="welcome.php" method="post">
Name: <input type="text" name="fname" />
Age: <input type="text" name="age" />
<input type="submit" />
</form>
When the user clicks the "Submit" button, the URL will look like this:
http://www.w3schools.com/welcome.php
The "welcome.php" file can now use the $_POST function to collect form data (the names of the
form fields will automatically be the keys in the $_POST array):
Welcome <?php echo $_POST["fname"]; ?>!<br />
You are <?php echo $_POST["age"]; ?> years old.
When to use method="post"?
Information sent from a form with the POST method is invisible to others and has no limits on
the amount of information to send.
However, because the variables are not displayed in the URL, it is not possible to bookmark the
page.
The PHP $_REQUEST Function
The PHP built-in $_REQUEST function contains the contents of both $_GET, $_POST, and
$_COOKIE.
27
28. The $_REQUEST function can be used to collect form data sent with both the GET and POST
methods.
Example
Welcome <?php echo $_REQUEST["fname"]; ?>!<br />
You are <?php echo $_REQUEST["age"]; ?> years old.
More on Php Forms
http://myphpform.com/php-form-tutorial.php
28