Presenter: Chris Thornton Organization: European Sustainable Phosphorus Platform (ESPP, www.phosphorusplatform.eu) Title: Phosphorus recovery: policy and drivers Location: WssTP Resource Recovery workgroup meeting Date: 24 June 2015 Countries: Austria AT Belgium BE Bulgaria BG Cyprus CY Czech Republic CZ Germany DE Denmark DK Estonia EE Spain ES Finland FI France FR Greece EL Hungary HU Ireland IE Italy IT Lithuania LT Luxembourg LU Latvia LV Malta MT Netherlands NL Poland PL Portugal PT Romania RO Sweden SE Slovenia SI Slovakia SK United Kingdom UK Switzerland CH Phosphorus: Fosfor Fosfor Fòsfòr Фосфор Fosfor Фосфор Fosfor Fosfor Фосфор Фосфор Fosforas Fosfors Fuosfuors Fosfor Ffуsfforws Fosfar Fosfaras Fosfaar Fosforus Φωσφορος Ֆոսֆոր Fosfor Fosfor Фосфор Фосфор ফসফরাস فسفر ફૉસ્ફરસનો फास्फोरस Fosfor Fosfori Foszfor Фосфор Фосфор Паликандур Fosfor Fosfor Фосфор Фосфор Фосфор Фосфор Fosfor فوسفور Fosfor Fosforoa ფოსფორი [fūsfūr] זרחן Fosfru Lìn リン 인 ฟอสฟอรัส Photpho 磷 Posporo Fosfor Pūtūtae-whetū Fosforus ഫോസ്ഫറസ് பொஸ்பரசு Fosofo Fosforase Posfori Fósforo Phusphuru Fosforimi Fosforo Fosforon Pesticium

1. WssTP RR WG 24th June 2015 - n°1European Sustainable Phosphorus Platform
Phosphorus recovery
Policy and drivers
Chris Thornton, ESPP Secretariat
info@phosphorusplatform.eu
www.phosphorusplatform.eu @phosphorusfacts

2. WssTP RR WG 24th June 2015 - n°2European Sustainable Phosphorus Platform
1. Policy developments
… at the EU level, nationally, regionally
2. Success stories and implementation
status
3. ESPP projects

3. WssTP RR WG 24th June 2015 - n°3European Sustainable Phosphorus Platform
EU Raw Materials policy
• 2014: phosphate rock added to
EU Critical Raw Materials list
 Implications for other EU policies
1. Policy developments
… at the EU level, nationally, regionally

4. WssTP RR WG 24th June 2015 - n°4European Sustainable Phosphorus Platform
Phosphorus in European policies
• Fertiliser Regulation (access to market for recycled P)
- ESPP proposed “Fertiliser criteria for struvite”
online on ESPP website
- proposed criteria for use of ashes as a fertiliser ingredient
under discussion
• Nitrates Directive (“processed manure”)
• REACH (chemical regulation): recycled P, digestates
• Agriculture: CAP / RD, nutrient farm best practices,
EIP-AGRI (dissemination, research implementation)

5. WssTP RR WG 24th June 2015 - n°5European Sustainable Phosphorus Platform
Phosphorus in European policies
• Water Framework Directive: driving P-removal in
sewage works, manure management
• Groundwater Directive: P added to monitoring list 2014
• Organic Farming Regulation
• European Food Safety Authority 2015
opinion on dietary reference values for phosphorus
• BioRefineries initiative
• Circular Economy: Consultation open to 20/8/15
http://ec.europa.eu/environment/consultations/closing_the_loop_en.htm

6. WssTP RR WG 24th June 2015 - n°6European Sustainable Phosphorus Platform
National policy initiatives on phosphorus
• Switzerland: waste ordonnance, proposal to make
obligatory P-recovery from sewage sludge and animal waste
ash (or separate storage pending recovery)
• Sweden: proposal to oblige 40% recycling of P and 10% of
N
(including via agricultural valorisation of sewage biosolids)
• Germany: political commitment to make P-recovery
obligatory in sewage works

7. WssTP RR WG 24th June 2015 - n°7European Sustainable Phosphorus Platform
European Commission Investment Fund
• European Commission / European Investment Bank
• “Phosphorus recycling Investment Fund”
• EU loan funding to stimulate bank support
• Call for ‘bankable’ project proposals currently open
 first project funded 5/2015: COOPERL Brittany
38 000 t manure/year + slaughterhouse + sewage sludge
processing to organic fertiliser

8. WssTP RR WG 24th June 2015 - n°8European Sustainable Phosphorus Platform
Standards
• CEN: SABE ENVI, water treatment standards, …
• ISO 275 “Sludge recovery, recycling, treatment, disposal”
• Fertiliser analysis standards: recycled products
• Industrial Emissions Directive: nutrient recovery
in BATs for incineration, water treatment …
• ESPP proposed Struvite Fertiliser Standard

9. WssTP RR WG 24th June 2015 - n°9European Sustainable Phosphorus Platform
Joint workshop with DG RTD
Berlin 4th March
 inventory of P-recycling
projects
on ESPP website
EU COM published conclusions
http://bookshop.europa.eu/en/circular-approaches-to-
phosphorus-pbKI0115204/

10. WssTP RR WG 24th June 2015 - n°10European Sustainable Phosphorus Platform
Joint workshop conclusions: R&D needs
• Phosphorus flow studies (mass flows, characteristics), to identify points
for P-recovery implementation
• Social science (attitudes, acceptance, choices) to accompany P-recycling
implementation
• Actions covering the whole value-chain, from P-recovery to market of
recycled P products
• Organic contaminants in sewage sludge and recovered nutrient
products
• Full-scale demonstration projects
• R&D to support standards,
BAT, product criteria, best practices
• Coherency and interpretation of legislation
• Regional approaches, niche markets
• Clustering of projects and networking

11. WssTP RR WG 24th June 2015 - n°11European Sustainable Phosphorus Platform
2. Success stories
WWF’s Baltic Sea
Farmer of the Year
Award.
www.panda.org/baltic_farmer

12. WssTP RR WG 24th June 2015 - n°12European Sustainable Phosphorus Platform
Success story:
NuReSys
• SME, Belgium
• 8 installations recovering P as struvite
• Potato processing, dairy, pharmaceuticals,
municipal waste water

13. WssTP RR WG 24th June 2015 - n°13European Sustainable Phosphorus Platform
Success story:
Thames Water – Ostara Pearl®
• Slough municipal wastewater treatment plant, UK
• 150 tonnes Crystal Green® fertiliser / year
• High quality slow release fertiliser

14. WssTP RR WG 24th June 2015 - n°14European Sustainable Phosphorus Platform
Success story:
DSM phytase in pig feed
• DSM phytase is produced from bio-sourced materials
• Renders feed P available (phytate)
• Reduces feed phosphate use
• Reduces manure P by up to 30%
• 60-80% market uptake in livestock farms in Europe

15. WssTP RR WG 24th June 2015 - n°15European Sustainable Phosphorus Platform
Success story:
COOPERL / Brittany farmers’
cooperatives
• 400 000 t/y manure processed to organic fertiliser product
- 150 000 t composted poultry litter
- 150 000 t dried poultry manure
- 100 000 t pig manure (1 100 farms)
• Adapted for specific crops
• Export to other regions of France
• Positive farmer acceptance

16. WssTP RR WG 24th June 2015 - n°16European Sustainable Phosphorus Platform
Success story:
Käppala municipal sewage works,
Sweden
• REVAQ sewage sludge certification
• 260 tP/year recycled to agriculture
• Reductions in industry & household contaminants
• Sludge mixing with manure for contaminant degradation

17. WssTP RR WG 24th June 2015 - n°17European Sustainable Phosphorus Platform
Success story:
SNB – HVC Groep - Ecophos
• Contract signed 2015
• Netherlands / France (Dunkerque)
• Sewage sludge incineration ash
• Production of DCP (Di Calcium Phosphate) for fertilisers or animal feed
• 60 000 t/y P recycling contract

18. WssTP RR WG 24th June 2015 - n°18European Sustainable Phosphorus Platform
3. ESPP projects

19. WssTP RR WG 24th June 2015 - n°19European Sustainable Phosphorus Platform
R&D to support standards
- with P-RCN/NAPPS North America
- ESPP already working with CEN, ISO, BAT
 identify standards relevant to nutrient
recycling
 define R&D needs to support standards

20. WssTP RR WG 24th June 2015 - n°20European Sustainable Phosphorus Platform
DONUTSS
Data on Nutrients to Support
Stewardship
- workshop Ghent 3 (science) – 4
(stakeholder) Sept
- EU COMM DG GROW support
 identify data needs to support decision
making
for industry, regulators

21. WssTP RR WG 24th June 2015 - n°21European Sustainable Phosphorus Platform
EIP-AGRI Focus Group proposal
Agricultural use of recycled nutrient
products
- compost, disgestate, recovered mineral
products …
- contaminants, agronomic value,
applications …
- proposal submission 1/7/15
- expert group selected and operated by EIP-

22. WssTP RR WG 24th June 2015 - n°22European Sustainable Phosphorus Platform
EIP-AGRI Focus Group proposal
Agricultural use of recycled nutrient
products
- compost, digestate, recovered mineral
products …
- contaminants, agronomic value,
applications …
- proposal submission 1/7/15
- expert group selected and operated by EIP-

23. WssTP RR WG 24th June 2015 - n°23European Sustainable Phosphorus Platform
EU COM consultation on
Circular Economy
Consultation open to 20/8/15
http://ec.europa.eu/environment/consultations/closing_the_loop_en.htm
- encourage wide response on nutrients
- need for operational proposals for policies
and for funding mechanisms

24. WssTP RR WG 24th June 2015 - n°24European Sustainable Phosphorus Platform
Nutrient recycling R&D “Cluster”
- P-REX finishes August 2015
- Needs
- coordinate R&D projects
- facilitate consortium building,
disseminate calls
- prepare input to future H2020 and others
- Synergy with existing structures (WssTP
…)

25. WssTP RR WG 24th June 2015 - n°25European Sustainable Phosphorus Platform
Chris Thornton, ESPP Secretariat
info@phosphorusplatform.eu
www.phosphorusplatform.eu @phosphorusfacts