for all people

2. Mohi-ud-Din Islamic Institute of
Pharmaceutical Sciences.

3.  Pharmacy and its organization,,poisoning
control center and antidote

presented by:
Muslim khan

4. Contents:
 Definition
 Staffing /personnel (proffessional,specialist,
supportive,lay)
 Job description
 Organization

5. DEFINITION
 Department of hospital which deals with
procurement, storage, compounding,
dispensing, manufacturing, testing, packaging
and distribution of drugs.
 It is also concerned with education and
research in pharmaceutical services.
 Hospital Pharmacy is controlled by a
professionally competent and a qualified
pharmacist.

6. STAFFING:
 The pharmacy staff include
 proffesional
 Supportive personnel
 Lay personal

7. Proffessional
 Large pharmacy required a proffessional staff
including
 Clinical pharmacist
 Drug information specialist
 Pharmacist skilled and other specialities

8. Pharmacy specialist:
 Specialized in sub medical or pharmaceutical
specialities such as
 Phychiatory
 Geriatrics
 Oncology
 Nuclear medicine
 Pediatrics and admixturning service
pharmacist

9. Drug information specialist:
 Provide information regarding drug to
pharmacy,medical and nursing staff and as
well as to patient

10. Job description and responsibilities
 Required for patient care.
 It depends upon the activity of pharmacy
department
 Includes the following
 Planning organizing and directing pharmacy
policies and procedures in accordance with
established policies of hospital

11. Cont.
 Implementation of decision of pharmacy and
therapeutic committee
 Compounding and dispensing of drugs
 Narcotics and controlled substance according
to prescription

12. Determination of professional staff
PERT
Prescription received by pharmacist
Filling of prescription
selection
labelling
pricing
Dispensed to patient
Receipt of payment Prescription filed
Free Cash Charge
Statistics and reports
Regular prescription
file
Narcotic prescription
file

13. Queuing theory:
 Provide mathematical tool and scheduling the
pharmacist manpower need. particularly of a
hospital out patient pharmacy
 Pharmacist is required to maintained time
record to indicate time in , time start , time
finish, of activities
 The difference between time in and time finish
is the waiting time of patient and other
activities

14. Supportive personnel
 Are the individual without formal pharmacy
education but trained and work strickly under
the supervision of competent pharmacist
 These includes
1. Pharmacy technicians
2. Pharmacy helper
3. Etc

15. Lay personnel
 The individual ncludes are following :
 secretary
 Clerical worker
 Delivery man
 Technician helper

16. Organization:
 Organogram:
 It is charting or organizational structure of
pharmacy department.
 Once prepared and approved it posted at
prominent place for each of departmental
employees to read.

18. Pharmaceutical services
 Administrative services:
 Plan and coordinate departmental activities
 Develop policies
 Coordinate administrative needs of P&TC

19. In-Patient Services:
 Provide medication for all in-patient of hosp.
on round the clock bases
 Inspection and control of drug on all treatment
areas
 Cooperate with medical drug research

20. Out-patient services:
 Compound and dispense out-patient
prescription
 Maintain prescription record
 Provide drug consultation services to staff and
medical students

21. Departmental services:
 Control and dispense IV fluids.
 Control and dispense controlled. substances
 Coordinate and control all drug delivery and
distribution systems .

22. Purchasing and inventory control service
 Purchase all drug
 Receive store and distribute drugs
 Maintain drug inventory control
 CENTRAL SUPPLY SERVICES:
 Prep of sterile solutions and fluids
 Develop and coordinate distribution of medical
supply.

23. Manufacturing and packaging division:
 Manufacture variety of items for use at
hospital.
 Maintain a unit dosage program.
IV ADMIXTURE DIVISION
 Prep of IV solution admixture.
 Prep of TPN.

24. Radio pharmaceutical
Services:

Centralize the procurement, storage and
dispensing of radioisotopes used in clinical
practice.

25. POISONCONTROLCENTERANDANTIDOTES
Contents:
1. History
2. Introduction
3. Causes of poisoning
4. Routes of exposure
5. Functions
6. Antidotes :classification…etc

26. History:
 1953 The establishment of the First
PCC
 1958 Formation of American
Association of Poison
Control Center (AAPCC)
 1960 600 poison center in the USA

27. INTRODUCTION:
•A poison control center is a
medicalfacility that is able to provide
immediate, free, and expert treatment
advice and assistance over the
telephone in case of exposure to
poisonous or hazardous substances

28. •Poison control centers answer questions about
potential poisons in addition to providing treatment
management advice about household products,
medicines, pesticides, plants, bites and stings,
food poisoning, and fumes.
• More than 72% of poison exposure cases are
managed simply by phone, greatly reducing the
need for costly emergency room and doctor visits.

29. CAUSES OF POISONING:
•Causes and Risk Factors for Poisoning
Poisoning can occur when a toxic substance (toxin) is
swallowed (ingested) or breathed in through the mouth or nose
(inhaled), gets on the skin or in the eyes, or is injected under
the skin (e.g., though a bite or sting).
•In some cases, exposure to a very small amount of toxin can
cause poisoning and in other cases, a large amount of toxin is
needed. At high enough levels, just about any substance can be
poisonous.
•Pesticides (e.g., insecticides, weed killers, rodenticides)
•Pla
•Alcohol
•Food products
•Herbal medicines

30. Common substances :
include the following:
•Automobile fluids (e.g., gasoline, antifreeze,
windshield fluid)
•Cosmetics and other personal care products
Household cleaning products (e.g., drain cleaners,
dishwasher detergent)
•Over-the-counter or prescription medications (e.g.,
analgesics such as acetaminophen, cough and cold
medicines, vitamins)
•Foreign objects (e.g., toys, batteries)
Paints and paint thinners

31. Poison Control Centers
 PCC were established for two
reasons:
 To provide rapid access to information valuable in
assessing and treating poisonings.
 To assist with poisoning prevention

32. ROUTE OF EXPOSURE
 There are many route of exposure as following
 Ingestion
 Opthalmic
 Inhalation
 Poisoning due to bites and stings

33. Functions:
 Assess and treatment recommendations during
poisoning via 24-hour emergency telephone services
 Provide public and professional educational programs
 To collect data on poisonings
 To perform research
 Assist the public and health care providers during
hazardous material spills

34. ANTIDOTES:
 According to WHO
“Antidote was defined as a therapeutic substance
used to counteract the toxic action(s) of a
specified xenobiotic
•antidotes reduce the overall burden of
health service in managing of
poisoning cases

35. CLASSIFACTION OF ANTIDOTES:
 physical
 Chemical
 pharmacological

36. PHYSICAL ANTIDOTES
Agent use to interfere with poison
through physical properties, not
change their nature
a) Adsorbing: The main example is
activated charcol
b) Coating: A mixture of egg & milk
make a coat over the mucosa.
c) Dissolving: 10% alcohol or glycine
for carbolic acid

37. CHEMICAL ANTIDOTES
 Interact specifically with a toxicant, or
neutralize the toxicant.
e.g. metal chelators combine with metals to form
complexes that can then be eliminated by the
kidneys

38. PHARMACOLOGICAL ANTIDOTES
 Pharmacologic antidotes may neutralize or
antagonize the effects of a toxicant