The document provides the portfolio of Amanpreet Kochhar which includes her education qualifications and engineering design projects. It summarizes her Bachelor's degree in Mechanical Engineering and relevant coursework. It also lists her qualifications such as industrial experience in CAD and modeling. Some of her design projects involving Solidworks, ANSYS, MATLAB and control systems are briefly described. Her capstone conference paper on critical design parameters to prevent pressure vessel failures is summarized in 3 sentences. It discusses stresses in pressure vessels from liquids/gases and common failure causes. It also outlines the paper's failure elimination strategies through material selection, crack identification, welding and FEA to design a safer pressure vessel.

1. AMANPREET KOCHHAR
PORTFOLIO
EDUCATION
Bachelor of Engineering in Mechanical Engineering
(October 2014)
Major: Manufacturing
Ryerson University
Related Course Work: Mechanical design, Sheet metal fabrication and tool engineering,
Engineering graphics and design, Design for manufacturing, Fabrication and tool engineering.
SUMMARY OF QUALIFICATIONS
• More than 2 years of industrial experience in CAD designing and 3D modelling.
• Strong academic training in Mechanical Engineering acquired from 4 years of accredited
university education.
• Hard working, detail oriented and problem solver.
• Excellent computer skills using Microsoft applications, ERP systems.
• Well-developed designing skills using AutoCAD, Solidworks, Civil 3D and primavera.
ENGINEERING DESIGN AND ANALYSIS SOFTWARES
AutoCAD including 3D Civil, Solid works, MasterCAM, DFM& DFMA, Ansys, Primavera, MS
Office 2003-2013 including Access, Project and Visio, Internet Browsers.

2. TABLE OF CONTENTS
1. Solid works drawings for Forklift for small stores and warehouses
2. Small cogeneration power plant design using different turbines and feed water heater
configurations.
3. Stresses and heat transfer analysis in bars and bridges using ANSYS (Finite element
analysis)
4. Determining root locus and time setting response in control systems using MATLAB
simulation
5. Capstone Conference paper

3. FORKLIFT DESIGN
3D drawing of Forklift designed for operation in small stores and warehouses

4. Detailed Drawing of the forklift including all the dimensions

5. COGENRATION POWERPLANT DESIGN
Power plant design with 1 turbine and zero feed water heater
Power plant design with 4 turbine and 2 feed water heaters

6. Power plant design with 4 turbine and 3 feed water heaters
Power plant design with 5 turbine and 3 feed water heaters

7. FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS
Von misses stress in metallic bracket
Original truss configuration with uniform load and point loads applied

8. Deformed + un-deformed shape of the truss configuration
Displacement of the truss (in inches)

9. The axial stress values in truss (in psi)
Redesign truss configuration 1 with addition and removal of beam members

10. The deformed + un-deformed shape for redesign configuration
The deflection in the redesign truss configuration (in inches)

11. CONTROL SYSTEM ANALYSIS
Root Locus for Transfer function of Path 1
Unit Response for Settling Time < 4 seconds

12. Root Locus for Transfer Function of Path 2
Alternate Unit Response with 3.83 Second Settling time

13. 5 CAPSTONE CONFERENCE PAPER
CRITICAL DESIGN PARAMETERS PREVENTING FAILURES IN PRESSURE
VESSELS
A. John Hannah B. Bishoy Azmy C. Shiva Sharafian-Jazi D. Amanpreet Kochhar
Supervisor: Dr. Ahmad Varvani Farahani
Abstract
Pressure vessels are containers that handle high
pressure of fluids or gases at different
temperature and pressure conditions. Design of
the containers is critical to enable it resist the
forces associated with high pressure of gases or
liquids. The report will analyze the stresses
created by the liquids or gasses, and the causes
of failure that occurs in pressure vessels.
Pressures vessels normally experience stress
and the most common are compressive, tensile
and thermal. The report will examine the
different types of failure attained in pressure
vessels and several occasions that cause the
vessels to rupture assisting the group in learning
from the mistakes previously made and assist in
the preparation of the design of a safer
container. Most common failures are caused by
cracking, erosion, caustic embrittlement, over-
heating, welding issues among others. The
report focuses on the study of causes of failure
and their attributes and ensuring it does not
appear in the ultimate design of the pressure
vessel. The use of the correct material selection
strategies is critical in the design of pressure
vessels. Materials in the construction selection
are based on the tensile strength, strong
resilience, high ductility and ease in
manufacturability and cost. Steel alloys are
selected for construction of pressure vessels.
The material that will be used in the making the
pressure vessel is the ASTM A516 Grade 70.
Introduction
Pressure vessels are cylindrical containers used
to store volatile chemicals and reactive gasses.
Since the materials stored in the pressure vessel
are in critical state hence the design of pressure
vessel has to be accurate to avoid the failure. In
this project the pressure vessel for storage of
steam is taken into consideration. Steam is state of
water vapors at very high temperature and pressure.
Since the steam is taken into account as storage
material in pressure vessels hence the probability of
failure due to corrosion and erosion factors become
very predominant. The past accidents and the main
reason related to the accidents have been considered
to present a new design such that it does not fail
under such parameters.
The root causes of the accidents are high stress and
fatigue phenomenon. The pressure vessel could fail
either because of Tensile, Compressive or Thermal
stresses. The stresses result in development of the
cracks and the fatigue failure. The above figure
shows the normal and the axial stresses on the
surfaces of the pressure vessels.
Figure 1: Normal & axial Stresses in the pressure
vessels [1]
Since the steam is stored in the pressure vessel the
inside surface of the pressure vessels is expected to
go very hot due to present of some impurities in
quality of the steam the pressure vessels can
experience some variation in temperature hence the
thermal stress could stimulate due to thermal shocks
and pressure vessel are prone to burst and explosion.
The pressure vessel failure due to thermal shock
explosion is shown in the following figure

14. Figure 2: The surface cracks due to burst [2]
The fatigue phenomenon is also very important
in case of pressure vessel design. The fatigue
life of the material changes due to presence of
overheating, corrosion or high loading. The
effect of the discussed parameters is shown in
the following figures.
Figure3: Change in fatigue life due to
overloading [3]
Figure4: Change in fatigue life due to
corrosion [3]
The Pressure Vessel material is generally
chosen to be ductile as the cracks are easily
identifiable in ductile material as compared to
the brittle material. In the ductile materials the
material stretches to show the necking before
breaking hence the cracking is easy to
identifiable in ductile material as compared to
the brittle material. The brittle and the ductile
cracking is shown in the following figure
Figure5: Brittle and Ductile Fracture [4]
The above discussed factors lead to many failures
and accidents. Some commonly occurring accidents
are discussed and the design against these failures is
presented.
Some of the common accidents are
• Deaerator cracking due to presence of
dissolved oxygen and gasses in steam
• Uncontrolled surface temperature due to
overheating resulting in thermal shocks
• Failures due to corrosion are big problem
in steam pressure vessels corrosion
generally results in weakening of the
material which eventually results in the
burst or explosion. The main type of the
corrosion failures in the pressure vessels
are stress corrosion cracking, Caustic
embrittlement which tends to make the
surface brittle hence crack identification
becomes difficult, corrosion fatigue etc.
• There are several other accidents such as
erosion, rupture, improper fabrication and
welding of the surfaces resulting in stress,
the improper material selection and poor
design could also equal contributors in the
failure of the pressure vessels
Some of the discussed failures are shown in the
following figures

15. Figure 6: Salt deposition on surface
resulting in corrosion [5]
Figure 7: Faulty welding [6]
Failure elimination strategies
Since the causes of the failures were studied so
the failure elimination strategies were
formulated and a design model was presented
according to the strategies. The outline of the
strategies is discusses as following
• Material selection strategies: The material
for pressure vessels was selected on the
basis of design for strength against the
failure. The appropriate performance index
was plotted on the material selection chart
for the strength vs density chart and Steel
alloys were selected as appropriate material
for the pressure vessels AISI 5160 Steel
was finalized for construction.
• The crack identification is also very
important phenomenon to prevent the
failure in the pressure vessels. The crack
identification techniques are proposed for
identification of the cracks is Wet
fluorescent magnetic particle testing,
Brinell hardness test etc.
• The stress is mainly present at the welded
surface because when metals are welded
then their material properties change and
strength is decreased. In order to reduce
failure due to welding MIG (Gas Metal
Arc) welding is recommended because the weld
joints are uniform and deposition rates are
higher giving a strong and continuous weld
joint
• Finite element Analysis: The pressure vessel
calculations were performed for AISI 5160
steel and finite element analysis was
performed for the given pressure and
temperature parameters as recommended by
ASME handbooks. The maximum stress in the
pressure vessel by applying the maximum
pressure of 2.75 MPa came out to be 170 MPa,
when the pressure was doubled and the stress
value increased to 339 MPa. The material has
ultimate tensile stress of 705 MPa hence it is
suitable for pressure vessels against any type
of failure.
The finite element analysis for the stress values
is shown in the following figures
Figure8: Von Misses stress at 2.75 MPa
Figure9: Von Misses stress at 5.50 MPa
Conclusions and Recommendations

16. The main reason for the failure of pressure
vessels with steam as carrier is due to stresses
and fatigue. The stress and fatigue can get
enhanced due to factors such as corrosion,
erosion and overheating etc. The material
selection strategies and engineering design is
very important in avoiding the failure in the
pressure vessels. AISI 5160 Steel alloys were
selected for the construction of pressure vessels
and the ring and the body were welded using
the MIG welding. The cost of constructing the
pressure vessel came out to be $36,570.28 since
the material is good to perform without failing
at the double than the recommended pressure
hence it can cut the maintenance costs by
substantial amount.
Acknowledgements
The authors would like to thank Faculty of
Mechanical and Industrial Engineering for
providing the opportunity and resources to work
on the project. A special thanks to Dr. Vincent
Chan for assigning the Supervisor professors
and proving the guidelines for various
components of the project. Sincere thanks to
Dr. Ahmad Varvani- Farahani for the valuable
guidance and timely feedback. A special credit
to Ryerson library department for sustaining
wide variety of the books and research material
without their support the ultimate goal could
not have been accomplished.
References
Annaratone, D. (2007). Pressure vessel design.
Berlin: Springer Mannan, S. & Lees, F. P.
(2005). Lees' loss prevention in the process
industries. Amsterdam:Elsevier Butterworth-
Heinemann.
[1] Craig R.R. (2011) Mechanics of Material
3th ed USA John Wiley and Sons Inc.
[2] Gere G.M., Timoshenko S.P. (1997)
Mechanics of Material 4th ed Boston PWS Pub
Co
[3] 11]Varvani A (2013).MTL 700, Failure
Analysis
[4]Budnyas R.G., Nisbett J.K.(2011)
Mechanical Engineering Design New York,NY;
McGraw Hill
[5]. Boiler system failures retrieved from
[6] http://www.lincolnelectric.com/en-
ca/support/process-and-
theory/Pages/minimizing-risk-offshore-saw.aspx