Periodic trends
•Download as PPT, PDF•
5 likes•931 views
The periodic table is arranged by increasing atomic number. Elements are classified as metals, nonmetals, or metalloids. The periodic table is divided into vertical columns called groups and horizontal rows called periods. Periodic trends show how atomic properties change across the table. Atomic size increases down a group and decreases left to right, while ionization energy decreases down a group and increases left to right. Electronegativity decreases down a group and increases left to right.
Report
Share
Report
Share
Recommended
Chapter 4 notes
The Rutherford gold foil experiment discovered the atomic nucleus. In this experiment, Rutherford beamed particles at a gold foil and observed some particles bouncing back at large angles, indicating a small, dense nucleus at the center of the atom. Dalton's atomic theory proposed that atoms of different elements can combine in simple whole number ratios to form compounds. Isotopes are atoms that have the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons, giving them the same atomic number but different atomic mass numbers. The periodic table arranges elements into groups based on repeating properties and allows easy comparison of elemental properties.
Periodic Trends
1. The document discusses several periodic trends including atomic radius, ionization energy, and electronegativity. It explains that atomic radius decreases left to right within a period and increases down a group. Ionization energy generally increases left to right within a period and decreases down a group. Electronegativity increases left to right within a period and decreases down a group.
2. The document also discusses ionic radius trends, explaining that the size of positive ions decreases left to right within a period while the size of negative ions increases. Ionic radius increases down a group for both positive and negative ions.
3. The octet rule is mentioned as determining what types of ions atoms will form in order to acquire
Periodic trends detailed edit
Periodic Trends
This document discusses several periodic trends including ionization energy, electronegativity, atomic radius, and ionic radius. It notes that ionization energy generally decreases down a group and increases left to right in a period as the nuclear charge increases. Electronegativity also typically increases left to right and decreases down a group. Atomic radius decreases left to right in a period as the nuclear charge increases but increases down a group as the principal energy level increases. Ionic radius trends are similar, with positive ion size decreasing left to right and both positive and negative ion size increasing down a group.
Periodicity 1
Atomic radius and ionic radius decrease moving across a period but increase moving down a group as more electron shells are added. Ionization energy increases across a period as more protons attract electrons, making them harder to remove, but decreases down a group as electrons are farther from the nucleus. Metallic character decreases across a period as more protons attract electrons closer, but increases down a group.
The periodic table of the chemical elements (also known as the perio.pdf
The periodic table of the chemical elements (also known as the periodic table or periodic table of
the elements) is a tabular display of the 118 known chemical elements organized by selected
properties of their atomic structures. Elements are presented by increasing atomic number, the
number of protons in an atom\'s atomic nucleus. While rectangular in general outline, gaps are
included in the horizontal rows (known as periods) as needed to keep elements with similar
properties together in vertical columns (known as groups), e.g. alkali metals, alkali earths,
halogens, noble gases.
Periods
A period is a horizontal row in the periodic table. Although groups are the most common way of
classifying elements, there are some regions of the periodic table where the horizontal trends and
similarities in properties are more significant than vertical group trends. This can be true in the d-
block (or \"transition metals\"), and especially for the f-block, where the lanthanides and
actinides form two substantial horizontal series of elements.
Periodic trend for ionization energy. Each period begins at a minimum for the alkali metals, and
ends at a maximum for the noble gases.
Elements in the same period show trends in atomic radius, ionization energy, electron affinity,
and electronegativity. Moving left to right across a period, atomic radius usually decreases. This
occurs because each successive element has an added proton and electron which causes the
electron to be drawn closer to the nucleus. This decrease in atomic radius also causes the
ionization energy to increase when moving from left to right across a period. The more tightly
bound an element is, the more energy is required to remove an electron. Electronegativity
increases in the same manner as ionization energy because of the pull exerted on the electrons by
the nucleus. Electron affinity also shows a slight trend across a period. Metals (left side of a
period) generally have a lower electron affinity than nonmetals (right side of a period) with the
exception of the noble gases.
Hope this explains your daughter.... :)
Solution
The periodic table of the chemical elements (also known as the periodic table or periodic table of
the elements) is a tabular display of the 118 known chemical elements organized by selected
properties of their atomic structures. Elements are presented by increasing atomic number, the
number of protons in an atom\'s atomic nucleus. While rectangular in general outline, gaps are
included in the horizontal rows (known as periods) as needed to keep elements with similar
properties together in vertical columns (known as groups), e.g. alkali metals, alkali earths,
halogens, noble gases.
Periods
A period is a horizontal row in the periodic table. Although groups are the most common way of
classifying elements, there are some regions of the periodic table where the horizontal trends and
similarities in properties are more significant than vertical group trends. This can be t.
The Periodic Table
organizing the elements, periodic table, Mendeleev, periodic law, metals, nonmetals, metalloinds, periodic trends
Regents Chemistry - Atomic Trends
Regents Chemistry - Atomic Trends
Includes information about atomic radius, ionization energy, electronegativity and electron affinity. Included are comprehension questions as well.
Note that there is an Atomic Trends table on the Reference Tables for Chemistry Regents that is used for the questions.
periodic trends table of elements_2 history.ppt
The document discusses the history and development of the periodic table. It explains that in 1871, Mendeleev arranged elements based on increasing atomic mass and similar properties. In 1913, Moseley arranged elements based on increasing atomic number. The rest of the document discusses periodic trends in atomic radius, ionization energy, electronegativity, and reactivity based on an element's position in the periodic table. These trends help explain similarities in chemical and physical properties of elements within the same group.
Recommended
Chapter 4 notes
The Rutherford gold foil experiment discovered the atomic nucleus. In this experiment, Rutherford beamed particles at a gold foil and observed some particles bouncing back at large angles, indicating a small, dense nucleus at the center of the atom. Dalton's atomic theory proposed that atoms of different elements can combine in simple whole number ratios to form compounds. Isotopes are atoms that have the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons, giving them the same atomic number but different atomic mass numbers. The periodic table arranges elements into groups based on repeating properties and allows easy comparison of elemental properties.
Periodic Trends
1. The document discusses several periodic trends including atomic radius, ionization energy, and electronegativity. It explains that atomic radius decreases left to right within a period and increases down a group. Ionization energy generally increases left to right within a period and decreases down a group. Electronegativity increases left to right within a period and decreases down a group.
2. The document also discusses ionic radius trends, explaining that the size of positive ions decreases left to right within a period while the size of negative ions increases. Ionic radius increases down a group for both positive and negative ions.
3. The octet rule is mentioned as determining what types of ions atoms will form in order to acquire
Periodic trends detailed edit
Periodic Trends
This document discusses several periodic trends including ionization energy, electronegativity, atomic radius, and ionic radius. It notes that ionization energy generally decreases down a group and increases left to right in a period as the nuclear charge increases. Electronegativity also typically increases left to right and decreases down a group. Atomic radius decreases left to right in a period as the nuclear charge increases but increases down a group as the principal energy level increases. Ionic radius trends are similar, with positive ion size decreasing left to right and both positive and negative ion size increasing down a group.
Periodicity 1
Atomic radius and ionic radius decrease moving across a period but increase moving down a group as more electron shells are added. Ionization energy increases across a period as more protons attract electrons, making them harder to remove, but decreases down a group as electrons are farther from the nucleus. Metallic character decreases across a period as more protons attract electrons closer, but increases down a group.
The periodic table of the chemical elements (also known as the perio.pdf
The periodic table of the chemical elements (also known as the periodic table or periodic table of
the elements) is a tabular display of the 118 known chemical elements organized by selected
properties of their atomic structures. Elements are presented by increasing atomic number, the
number of protons in an atom\'s atomic nucleus. While rectangular in general outline, gaps are
included in the horizontal rows (known as periods) as needed to keep elements with similar
properties together in vertical columns (known as groups), e.g. alkali metals, alkali earths,
halogens, noble gases.
Periods
A period is a horizontal row in the periodic table. Although groups are the most common way of
classifying elements, there are some regions of the periodic table where the horizontal trends and
similarities in properties are more significant than vertical group trends. This can be true in the d-
block (or \"transition metals\"), and especially for the f-block, where the lanthanides and
actinides form two substantial horizontal series of elements.
Periodic trend for ionization energy. Each period begins at a minimum for the alkali metals, and
ends at a maximum for the noble gases.
Elements in the same period show trends in atomic radius, ionization energy, electron affinity,
and electronegativity. Moving left to right across a period, atomic radius usually decreases. This
occurs because each successive element has an added proton and electron which causes the
electron to be drawn closer to the nucleus. This decrease in atomic radius also causes the
ionization energy to increase when moving from left to right across a period. The more tightly
bound an element is, the more energy is required to remove an electron. Electronegativity
increases in the same manner as ionization energy because of the pull exerted on the electrons by
the nucleus. Electron affinity also shows a slight trend across a period. Metals (left side of a
period) generally have a lower electron affinity than nonmetals (right side of a period) with the
exception of the noble gases.
Hope this explains your daughter.... :)
Solution
The periodic table of the chemical elements (also known as the periodic table or periodic table of
the elements) is a tabular display of the 118 known chemical elements organized by selected
properties of their atomic structures. Elements are presented by increasing atomic number, the
number of protons in an atom\'s atomic nucleus. While rectangular in general outline, gaps are
included in the horizontal rows (known as periods) as needed to keep elements with similar
properties together in vertical columns (known as groups), e.g. alkali metals, alkali earths,
halogens, noble gases.
Periods
A period is a horizontal row in the periodic table. Although groups are the most common way of
classifying elements, there are some regions of the periodic table where the horizontal trends and
similarities in properties are more significant than vertical group trends. This can be t.
The Periodic Table
organizing the elements, periodic table, Mendeleev, periodic law, metals, nonmetals, metalloinds, periodic trends
Regents Chemistry - Atomic Trends
Regents Chemistry - Atomic Trends
Includes information about atomic radius, ionization energy, electronegativity and electron affinity. Included are comprehension questions as well.
Note that there is an Atomic Trends table on the Reference Tables for Chemistry Regents that is used for the questions.
periodic trends table of elements_2 history.ppt
The document discusses the history and development of the periodic table. It explains that in 1871, Mendeleev arranged elements based on increasing atomic mass and similar properties. In 1913, Moseley arranged elements based on increasing atomic number. The rest of the document discusses periodic trends in atomic radius, ionization energy, electronegativity, and reactivity based on an element's position in the periodic table. These trends help explain similarities in chemical and physical properties of elements within the same group.
periodic_trends_2.ppt
The document discusses the history and development of the periodic table. It explains that in 1871, Mendeleev arranged elements based on increasing atomic mass and similar properties. In 1913, Moseley arranged elements based on increasing atomic number. The rest of the document discusses periodic trends in atomic radius, ionization energy, electronegativity, and reactivity based on an element's position in the periodic table. These trends help explain similarities in chemical and physical properties of elements within the same group.
periodic_trends_2.ppt
The document discusses the history and development of the periodic table. It explains that in 1871, Mendeleev arranged elements based on increasing atomic mass and similar properties. In 1913, Moseley arranged elements based on increasing atomic number. The rest of the document discusses periodic trends in atomic radius, ionization energy, electronegativity, and reactivity based on an element's position in the periodic table. These trends help explain similarities in chemical and physical properties of elements within the same group.
5 bc periodicity with cfu and videos
This document outlines a lesson plan on periodicity that includes:
1) An opening activity called "The Hot Minute" to review periodic trends; 2) A warm up question about atomic radius; 3) A "4 corners" activity to assess understanding of periodic tables; 4) Two videos on periodic properties and trends; 5) Notes and practice questions on trends; 6) An activity with periodic table cards; and 7) An exit pass to conclude the lesson.
Ions & Isotopes
Isotopes are atoms of the same element that have different numbers of neutrons, while ions are atoms or groups of atoms that have gained or lost electrons, giving them a positive or negative charge. Ions are formed by gaining or losing electrons, not protons. Cations are positively charged ions formed when atoms lose electrons, such as metals, while anions are negatively charged ions formed when nonmetals gain electrons. The periodic table can be used to predict which elements will form cations or anions based on their group.
Trends in the periodic table
Trends in the periodic table: Atomic radius, ionization energy, electronegativity, metallic character
Periodic table trends power point presentation
The document discusses key concepts from the periodic table including:
1. The modern periodic table is based on atomic number and was developed by Mendeleev and Moseley. Elements are classified into metals and nonmetals with different physical properties.
2. Elements in the same group have similar properties due to the periodic law. Groups include alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, transition metals, and halogens. Atomic radius decreases across periods and increases down groups due to proton charge and electron shielding.
3. Ionization energy and electronegativity increase up and left on the periodic table due to nuclear charge and proximity of electrons to the nucleus.
Periodic table trends power point presentation
The document discusses key concepts from the periodic table including:
1. The modern periodic table is based on atomic number and was developed by Mendeleev and Moseley.
2. Elements are classified as metals or nonmetals based on their properties such as conductivity and physical state. Metals conduct electricity, are malleable solids, while nonmetals are generally gases or brittle solids and poor conductors.
3. Elements in the same group have similar properties due to their valence electrons. Groups include alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, halogens and noble gases. Atomic radius decreases left to right and increases down a group due to nuclear charge and electron shielding.
Periodic Trends
The document discusses periodic trends in chemical and physical properties revealed by the periodic table. It examines six key trends: atomic number, atomic mass, atomic radius, electronegativity, ionization energy, and reactivity. For each trend, it describes how the property changes as you move down groups or across periods on the periodic table, enabling predictions about an element's chemical behavior.
Ions & Isotopes
Ion - an atom or group of atoms that has a positive or negative charge. Ions are formed by gaining or losing electrons, not protons. Cations have a positive charge and are formed by losing electrons. Anions have a negative charge and are formed by gaining electrons. The periodic table shows which elements tend to form which ions based on their group, with groups 1, 2, 6 and 7 typically forming cations or anions.
B.sc(microbiology and biotechnology and biochemistry) ii inorganic chemistry ...
The document discusses several periodic trends:
1. Atomic radius generally increases moving down a group and decreases moving across a period, due to shielding and nuclear charge effects.
2. Ionization energy increases moving across a period as the effective nuclear charge increases, and decreases moving down a group as the distance from the nucleus increases.
3. Electronegativity increases moving across a period as it is easier to gain than lose electrons, and decreases moving down a group with increased atomic radius.
Guide to the
This document provides a guide to the periodic table, describing various periodic trends and properties of elements. It discusses ionization energy and how it increases as you move right and up the table. Electron affinity increases right and up as well, and is positive for noble gases. Atomic radius increases down and decreases right. Transition metals have inconsistent properties and valence electrons in multiple shells. The document also outlines groups, periods, and properties of metals, nonmetals and metalloids.
Periodic classification
The document discusses periodic trends in elemental properties according to the periodic table. It explains that atomic radius generally increases moving left to right within a period and increases moving down within a family. Ionization energy decreases moving left to right within a period and decreases moving down within a family, while electron affinity shows the opposite trends. Metallic character decreases and electronegativity increases moving from left to right across the periodic table. Overall reactivity of metals increases with increasing size while reactivity of nonmetals increases with decreasing size. The document also discusses ion formation and how cations are smaller than the original atom while anions are larger.
Periodic table cheat sheet
This document provides a summary of key concepts about the periodic table. It defines important terms like period, group, atomic number, atomic mass, atomic radius, and others. It explains trends in atomic mass and atomic radius across periods and groups, with mass increasing and radius decreasing across periods but increasing across groups. Electronegativity, ionization energy, and electron affinity follow the same trends. It identifies important regions of the periodic table and provides a mnemonic for the first 20 elements. Finally, it discusses how ionic radii change depending on whether an atom forms a cation or anion.
Guide to the
The document provides an overview of key concepts in the periodic table including periodic trends in ionization energy, atomic size, and electron affinity. It discusses the properties of metals, nonmetals, and semimetals as well as groups and periods. Transition metals, ions, the octet rule, and properties of groups 1, 2, 7, and 8 are also covered.
Guide to the
The document provides an overview of key concepts in the periodic table including periodic trends in ionization energy, atomic size, and electron affinity. It discusses the properties of metals, nonmetals, and semimetals as well as groups and periods. Transition metals, ions, the octet rule, and properties of groups 1, 2, 7, and 8 are also covered.
The Periodic Table
This document provides information about the periodic table and properties of elements organized by their location on the table. It discusses that metals are on the left side and tend to be solids at room temperature that conduct heat and electricity well. Nonmetals are toward the upper right and have more variability in their properties, with most being gases or solids and poor conductors. It also summarizes information about groups of elements, including the alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, halogens, noble gases, transition metals, and inner transition metals. Atomic size and electronegativity trends are described that relate to an element's location on the periodic table.
1.Periodic Properties & Variations of Properties Class 10 ,ICSE.pptx
(i) Periodic properties and their variations in groups and periods.
(ii) Periodicity on the basis of atomic number for elements.
1.atomic size
2. ionisation POTENTIAL/
3,electron affinity
4. metals
non metals
5. density
Periodic Trends
Periods
groups
Mendeleev periodic table
Moseley periodic table
long form of periodic table
Lecture 6.3- Periodic Trends
1) The atomic radius measures an atom's size and decreases from left to right across a period but increases from top to bottom within a group.
2) Atoms become ions when they gain or lose electrons, becoming positively or negatively charged. Cations are positive ions and anions are negative ions.
3) Elements on the left side of the periodic table tend to lose electrons and form cations, while elements on the right side tend to gain electrons and form anions.
The Periodic Table Presentation 2
The document provides an overview of the modern periodic table, including how elements are arranged and classified. It discusses the atomic number and mass, groups and periods, and the three main classifications of elements as metals, nonmetals, and metalloids. Key groups like the alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, transition metals, and noble gases are described based on their physical and chemical properties.
The Periodic Table Presentation 2
The document provides an overview of the modern periodic table, including how elements are arranged and classified. It discusses the atomic number and mass, groups and periods, and the three main classifications of elements as metals, nonmetals, and metalloids. Key groups like the alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, transition metals, and noble gases are described based on their physical and chemical properties.
Ch16 lecture reconstructing and using phylogenies
This document provides an overview of reconstructing and using phylogenies. It discusses how phylogenetic trees depict the evolutionary relationships among organisms and are reconstructed from homologous traits. Molecular data like DNA sequences are now most widely used. Phylogenetic analysis allows biologists to make inferences about ancestral traits and timelines of divergence. Molecular clocks also aid in dating evolutionary events. Phylogenetic trees form the basis of biological classification and allow biology to make predictive comparisons across species.
Ch15 lecture mechanisms of evolution
This document provides an overview of the key concepts in mechanisms of evolution. It discusses how evolution occurs through mutation, genetic drift, gene flow, and natural selection acting on genetic variation within populations over generations. Mutation introduces variation while selection can act in stabilizing, directional, or disruptive ways to change allele frequencies in a population. The neutral theory of evolution proposes that many mutations are neutral or nearly neutral and fix through genetic drift rather than selection. Genome analysis provides evidence of both neutral and selective evolutionary processes and can be used to date evolutionary divergences.
More Related Content
Similar to Periodic trends
periodic_trends_2.ppt
The document discusses the history and development of the periodic table. It explains that in 1871, Mendeleev arranged elements based on increasing atomic mass and similar properties. In 1913, Moseley arranged elements based on increasing atomic number. The rest of the document discusses periodic trends in atomic radius, ionization energy, electronegativity, and reactivity based on an element's position in the periodic table. These trends help explain similarities in chemical and physical properties of elements within the same group.
periodic_trends_2.ppt
The document discusses the history and development of the periodic table. It explains that in 1871, Mendeleev arranged elements based on increasing atomic mass and similar properties. In 1913, Moseley arranged elements based on increasing atomic number. The rest of the document discusses periodic trends in atomic radius, ionization energy, electronegativity, and reactivity based on an element's position in the periodic table. These trends help explain similarities in chemical and physical properties of elements within the same group.
5 bc periodicity with cfu and videos
This document outlines a lesson plan on periodicity that includes:
1) An opening activity called "The Hot Minute" to review periodic trends; 2) A warm up question about atomic radius; 3) A "4 corners" activity to assess understanding of periodic tables; 4) Two videos on periodic properties and trends; 5) Notes and practice questions on trends; 6) An activity with periodic table cards; and 7) An exit pass to conclude the lesson.
Ions & Isotopes
Isotopes are atoms of the same element that have different numbers of neutrons, while ions are atoms or groups of atoms that have gained or lost electrons, giving them a positive or negative charge. Ions are formed by gaining or losing electrons, not protons. Cations are positively charged ions formed when atoms lose electrons, such as metals, while anions are negatively charged ions formed when nonmetals gain electrons. The periodic table can be used to predict which elements will form cations or anions based on their group.
Trends in the periodic table
Trends in the periodic table: Atomic radius, ionization energy, electronegativity, metallic character
Periodic table trends power point presentation
The document discusses key concepts from the periodic table including:
1. The modern periodic table is based on atomic number and was developed by Mendeleev and Moseley. Elements are classified into metals and nonmetals with different physical properties.
2. Elements in the same group have similar properties due to the periodic law. Groups include alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, transition metals, and halogens. Atomic radius decreases across periods and increases down groups due to proton charge and electron shielding.
3. Ionization energy and electronegativity increase up and left on the periodic table due to nuclear charge and proximity of electrons to the nucleus.
Periodic table trends power point presentation
The document discusses key concepts from the periodic table including:
1. The modern periodic table is based on atomic number and was developed by Mendeleev and Moseley.
2. Elements are classified as metals or nonmetals based on their properties such as conductivity and physical state. Metals conduct electricity, are malleable solids, while nonmetals are generally gases or brittle solids and poor conductors.
3. Elements in the same group have similar properties due to their valence electrons. Groups include alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, halogens and noble gases. Atomic radius decreases left to right and increases down a group due to nuclear charge and electron shielding.
Periodic Trends
The document discusses periodic trends in chemical and physical properties revealed by the periodic table. It examines six key trends: atomic number, atomic mass, atomic radius, electronegativity, ionization energy, and reactivity. For each trend, it describes how the property changes as you move down groups or across periods on the periodic table, enabling predictions about an element's chemical behavior.
Ions & Isotopes
Ion - an atom or group of atoms that has a positive or negative charge. Ions are formed by gaining or losing electrons, not protons. Cations have a positive charge and are formed by losing electrons. Anions have a negative charge and are formed by gaining electrons. The periodic table shows which elements tend to form which ions based on their group, with groups 1, 2, 6 and 7 typically forming cations or anions.
B.sc(microbiology and biotechnology and biochemistry) ii inorganic chemistry ...
The document discusses several periodic trends:
1. Atomic radius generally increases moving down a group and decreases moving across a period, due to shielding and nuclear charge effects.
2. Ionization energy increases moving across a period as the effective nuclear charge increases, and decreases moving down a group as the distance from the nucleus increases.
3. Electronegativity increases moving across a period as it is easier to gain than lose electrons, and decreases moving down a group with increased atomic radius.
Guide to the
This document provides a guide to the periodic table, describing various periodic trends and properties of elements. It discusses ionization energy and how it increases as you move right and up the table. Electron affinity increases right and up as well, and is positive for noble gases. Atomic radius increases down and decreases right. Transition metals have inconsistent properties and valence electrons in multiple shells. The document also outlines groups, periods, and properties of metals, nonmetals and metalloids.
Periodic classification
The document discusses periodic trends in elemental properties according to the periodic table. It explains that atomic radius generally increases moving left to right within a period and increases moving down within a family. Ionization energy decreases moving left to right within a period and decreases moving down within a family, while electron affinity shows the opposite trends. Metallic character decreases and electronegativity increases moving from left to right across the periodic table. Overall reactivity of metals increases with increasing size while reactivity of nonmetals increases with decreasing size. The document also discusses ion formation and how cations are smaller than the original atom while anions are larger.
Periodic table cheat sheet
This document provides a summary of key concepts about the periodic table. It defines important terms like period, group, atomic number, atomic mass, atomic radius, and others. It explains trends in atomic mass and atomic radius across periods and groups, with mass increasing and radius decreasing across periods but increasing across groups. Electronegativity, ionization energy, and electron affinity follow the same trends. It identifies important regions of the periodic table and provides a mnemonic for the first 20 elements. Finally, it discusses how ionic radii change depending on whether an atom forms a cation or anion.
Guide to the
The document provides an overview of key concepts in the periodic table including periodic trends in ionization energy, atomic size, and electron affinity. It discusses the properties of metals, nonmetals, and semimetals as well as groups and periods. Transition metals, ions, the octet rule, and properties of groups 1, 2, 7, and 8 are also covered.
Guide to the
The document provides an overview of key concepts in the periodic table including periodic trends in ionization energy, atomic size, and electron affinity. It discusses the properties of metals, nonmetals, and semimetals as well as groups and periods. Transition metals, ions, the octet rule, and properties of groups 1, 2, 7, and 8 are also covered.
The Periodic Table
This document provides information about the periodic table and properties of elements organized by their location on the table. It discusses that metals are on the left side and tend to be solids at room temperature that conduct heat and electricity well. Nonmetals are toward the upper right and have more variability in their properties, with most being gases or solids and poor conductors. It also summarizes information about groups of elements, including the alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, halogens, noble gases, transition metals, and inner transition metals. Atomic size and electronegativity trends are described that relate to an element's location on the periodic table.
1.Periodic Properties & Variations of Properties Class 10 ,ICSE.pptx
(i) Periodic properties and their variations in groups and periods.
(ii) Periodicity on the basis of atomic number for elements.
1.atomic size
2. ionisation POTENTIAL/
3,electron affinity
4. metals
non metals
5. density
Periodic Trends
Periods
groups
Mendeleev periodic table
Moseley periodic table
long form of periodic table
Lecture 6.3- Periodic Trends
1) The atomic radius measures an atom's size and decreases from left to right across a period but increases from top to bottom within a group.
2) Atoms become ions when they gain or lose electrons, becoming positively or negatively charged. Cations are positive ions and anions are negative ions.
3) Elements on the left side of the periodic table tend to lose electrons and form cations, while elements on the right side tend to gain electrons and form anions.
The Periodic Table Presentation 2
The document provides an overview of the modern periodic table, including how elements are arranged and classified. It discusses the atomic number and mass, groups and periods, and the three main classifications of elements as metals, nonmetals, and metalloids. Key groups like the alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, transition metals, and noble gases are described based on their physical and chemical properties.
The Periodic Table Presentation 2
The document provides an overview of the modern periodic table, including how elements are arranged and classified. It discusses the atomic number and mass, groups and periods, and the three main classifications of elements as metals, nonmetals, and metalloids. Key groups like the alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, transition metals, and noble gases are described based on their physical and chemical properties.
Similar to Periodic trends (20)
B.sc(microbiology and biotechnology and biochemistry) ii inorganic chemistry ...
B.sc(microbiology and biotechnology and biochemistry) ii inorganic chemistry ...
1.Periodic Properties & Variations of Properties Class 10 ,ICSE.pptx
1.Periodic Properties & Variations of Properties Class 10 ,ICSE.pptx
More from Tia Hohler
Ch16 lecture reconstructing and using phylogenies
This document provides an overview of reconstructing and using phylogenies. It discusses how phylogenetic trees depict the evolutionary relationships among organisms and are reconstructed from homologous traits. Molecular data like DNA sequences are now most widely used. Phylogenetic analysis allows biologists to make inferences about ancestral traits and timelines of divergence. Molecular clocks also aid in dating evolutionary events. Phylogenetic trees form the basis of biological classification and allow biology to make predictive comparisons across species.
Ch15 lecture mechanisms of evolution
This document provides an overview of the key concepts in mechanisms of evolution. It discusses how evolution occurs through mutation, genetic drift, gene flow, and natural selection acting on genetic variation within populations over generations. Mutation introduces variation while selection can act in stabilizing, directional, or disruptive ways to change allele frequencies in a population. The neutral theory of evolution proposes that many mutations are neutral or nearly neutral and fix through genetic drift rather than selection. Genome analysis provides evidence of both neutral and selective evolutionary processes and can be used to date evolutionary divergences.
Ch13 lecture biotechnology
This document provides an overview of biotechnology concepts and applications. It discusses how recombinant DNA can be created in the laboratory using restriction enzymes, DNA ligase, and gel electrophoresis. This DNA can then be used to genetically transform cells and organisms using vectors like plasmids and viruses. Genes can be manipulated through techniques like gene knockout, antisense RNA, and microarrays. Finally, the document outlines wide applications of biotechnology in medicine, agriculture, and industry, including producing insulin, pharmaceuticals in transgenic animals/plants, and genetically modifying crops.
Ch11 lecture regulation of gene expression
1) Gene expression in eukaryotes is regulated at multiple levels, including transcription, epigenetic modifications to DNA and histones, alternative splicing of mRNA, and microRNAs inhibiting translation.
2) Transcription is regulated through the binding of transcription factors to enhancer and silencer regions near gene promoters. DNA methylation and histone modifications can alter chromatin structure and gene activity.
3) Alternative splicing of pre-mRNA and the actions of microRNAs introduce additional regulatory mechanisms by generating different protein isoforms from a single gene or inhibiting specific mRNAs post-transcriptionally.
Ch10 lecture from dna to protein
This document provides an overview of gene expression from DNA to protein. It discusses how genes code for proteins, the process of transcription of DNA to mRNA, and translation of mRNA to amino acid sequences to form proteins. Key points covered include:
- Genes contain the code for proteins and a change in the gene results in a change to the protein's amino acid sequence.
- Transcription involves copying a gene's DNA sequence into a complementary mRNA sequence. Translation then converts the mRNA sequence into the amino acid sequence of a protein.
- The genetic code specifies which three-letter codon in mRNA corresponds to each amino acid. Translation uses this code to build proteins from mRNA instructions.
Ch09 lecture dna and its role in heredity
The document summarizes key concepts about DNA and its role in heredity from a biology textbook chapter. It describes how DNA was established as the genetic material based on its presence in cell nuclei and ability to direct protein synthesis. The discovery of DNA's double-helix structure by Watson, Crick, Wilkins and Franklin is summarized, including how base-pairing allows for storage and replication of genetic information. Semiconservative replication of DNA is explained, as are DNA mutations and repair mechanisms.
Ch07 lecture the cell cycle and cell division
The document discusses cell division and the cell cycle. It begins by outlining different modes of cell reproduction, including binary fission, mitosis, and meiosis. It then describes the cell cycle in eukaryotes, including the phases of interphase (G1, S, G2) and mitosis (prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase). Precise control mechanisms regulate the cell cycle, including cyclins and CDKs. Meiosis is also covered, which halves the chromosome number to generate gametes for sexual reproduction.
Ch08 lecture inheritance, genes, and chromosomes
This document provides an overview of inheritance, genes, and chromosomes. It summarizes Gregor Mendel's experiments with pea plants that established the laws of inheritance, including the law of segregation and the law of independent assortment. It describes how genes are located on chromosomes and can be linked or unlinked. It discusses genetic mapping and recombination frequencies to determine the arrangement of genes on chromosomes. Overall, the document outlines key concepts in classical genetics and inheritance patterns established by Mendel's work.
Welcome to your success!
This document outlines classroom policies and procedures for Mrs. Hohler's science class. It details expectations for student behavior, attendance, homework, tests, and electronics use. General rules include being respectful, following directions, and keeping the classroom clean. The roles and responsibilities of both students and the teacher are defined. Procedures are provided for lectures, vocabulary cards, labs, and computer usage. Consequences for misbehavior are also described. The goal is to provide a safe, orderly learning environment for all students to succeed.
Ch06 lecture pathways that harvest and store chemical energy
The document summarizes pathways that cells use to harvest and store chemical energy. It discusses how ATP, reduced coenzymes, and chemiosmosis play important roles in energy metabolism. The aerobic breakdown of glucose is described in three stages: glycolysis, pyruvate oxidation, and the citric acid cycle. This releases a large amount of energy as ATP through oxidative phosphorylation. Under anaerobic conditions, fermentation is used to regenerate NAD+ from NADH, but yields much less ATP.
AP Biology Chapter 5 Cell Membranes and Signalling
This document provides an overview of cell membranes and signaling. It discusses the common structure of biological membranes, including the fluid mosaic model. It describes how some substances can pass through the membrane via diffusion or require energy to pass actively. Large molecules cross via vesicles. The membrane plays a key role in a cell's response to environmental signals through signal transduction pathways. Receptors in the membrane detect signals and trigger responses in the cell.
AP Biology Chapter 4 Cells Notes
This document provides an overview of cell biology. It begins by introducing cell theory and the key characteristics of prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. Prokaryotic cells lack membrane-bound organelles, while eukaryotic cells have organelles like the nucleus and mitochondria that are separated from the cytoplasm by membranes. Each organelle performs specialized functions to keep the cell functioning properly. The document then describes the structures and roles of various eukaryotic cell organelles, including the nucleus, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, lysosomes, mitochondria, and chloroplasts.
Ch03 lecture nucleic acids, proteins, and enzymes
This document discusses nucleic acids, proteins, and enzymes. It explains that nucleic acids like DNA and RNA store and transmit genetic information through their sequence of nucleotide bases. Proteins are polymers of amino acids and perform important roles through their structure and catalytic functions. Some proteins called enzymes speed up biochemical reactions by lowering their activation energy. Regulation of metabolism occurs through regulation of enzymes, which can be controlled by inhibitors, allosteric regulation, feedback inhibition, and pH levels.
Ch02 lecture life chemistry and energy
This document discusses life chemistry and energy. It begins by explaining atomic structure and the 6 main elements that make up living things. It then discusses how atoms interact and form molecules through various bonds like ionic bonds, covalent bonds, and hydrogen bonds. Carbohydrates consist of sugar molecules that are linked together, while lipids are hydrophobic molecules that store energy. Biochemical changes involve energy transfers through reactions.
Chapter 17 immune system and diseases
The document provides information about the lymphatic system and immune system. It discusses the organs and tissues that are part of the lymphatic system, including the thymus, lymph nodes, spleen, and tonsils. It describes the barrier defenses of the skin, mucous membranes, and other internal defenses like interferon and phagocytes. It also discusses lymphocytes and the specific immune response involving B cells, T cells, antigens, antibodies, and memory cells. It provides information on immunity and how it can be acquired naturally or artificially through vaccination.
AP Biology Chapter 6 notes Photosynthesis and Respiration
This document summarizes key concepts about pathways that harvest and store chemical energy in cells. It discusses how ATP, reduced coenzymes, and chemiosmosis play important roles in biological energy metabolism. Carbohydrate catabolism in the presence of oxygen releases a large amount of energy through cellular respiration, while in the absence of oxygen it releases a small amount through fermentation. During photosynthesis, light energy is converted to chemical energy that is then used to convert CO2 into carbohydrates.
Chapter 5 notes cell membranes and signalling
The document discusses biological membranes and transport processes. Membranes are made of lipids, proteins, and carbohydrates arranged in a fluid mosaic structure. Passive transport includes diffusion and osmosis, moving substances down concentration gradients. Active transport requires energy and moves substances against gradients using pumps like the sodium-potassium pump. Large molecules cross membranes within vesicles during endocytosis and exocytosis.
Chapter 4 powerpoint
This document provides an overview of cell structure and function. It begins by discussing the origins of cells and cell theory. It then describes the key differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells, including that eukaryotic cells have membrane-bound organelles while prokaryotic cells do not. The document focuses on describing the structures and functions of various eukaryotic cell organelles, including the nucleus, mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, lysosomes, peroxisomes, and chloroplasts. It explains how these organelles work together and with the plasma membrane to carry out important functions within the cell.
Chapter 2 3 ap biology
Here are some of the key differences between DNA and RNA:
- DNA contains deoxyribose as its sugar component, while RNA contains ribose. Ribose has an extra hydroxyl group compared to deoxyribose.
- DNA usually exists as a double-stranded helix, while RNA is typically single-stranded.
- DNA contains the nitrogenous bases adenine, guanine, cytosine and thymine. RNA contains adenine, guanine, cytosine and uracil instead of thymine.
- DNA's primary role is long-term storage of genetic information. RNA helps process and transfer genetic information from DNA for protein synthesis.
- DNA is usually found in the cell
Chapter 4,5, 17 study guide
This study guide covers chapters 4, 5, and 17 and includes a list of 28 vocabulary words related to tissues, skin layers, and the immune system. It instructs students to be able to name and identify different tissue types and their features, identify layers of the skin, describe how the body responds to disease and how vaccines work, and know the key cells and parts that make up the immune system.
More from Tia Hohler (20)
Ch06 lecture pathways that harvest and store chemical energy
Ch06 lecture pathways that harvest and store chemical energy
AP Biology Chapter 5 Cell Membranes and Signalling
AP Biology Chapter 5 Cell Membranes and Signalling
AP Biology Chapter 6 notes Photosynthesis and Respiration
AP Biology Chapter 6 notes Photosynthesis and Respiration
Recently uploaded
Andreas Schleicher presents PISA 2022 Volume III - Creative Thinking - 18 Jun...
Andreas Schleicher, Director of Education and Skills at the OECD presents at the launch of PISA 2022 Volume III - Creative Minds, Creative Schools on 18 June 2024.
BIOLOGY NATIONAL EXAMINATION COUNCIL (NECO) 2024 PRACTICAL MANUAL.pptx
Practical manual for National Examination Council, Nigeria.
Contains guides on answering questions on the specimens provided
Temple of Asclepius in Thrace. Excavation results
The temple and the sanctuary around were dedicated to Asklepios Zmidrenus. This name has been known since 1875 when an inscription dedicated to him was discovered in Rome. The inscription is dated in 227 AD and was left by soldiers originating from the city of Philippopolis (modern Plovdiv).
Wound healing PPT
This document provides an overview of wound healing, its functions, stages, mechanisms, factors affecting it, and complications.
A wound is a break in the integrity of the skin or tissues, which may be associated with disruption of the structure and function.
Healing is the body’s response to injury in an attempt to restore normal structure and functions.
Healing can occur in two ways: Regeneration and Repair
There are 4 phases of wound healing: hemostasis, inflammation, proliferation, and remodeling. This document also describes the mechanism of wound healing. Factors that affect healing include infection, uncontrolled diabetes, poor nutrition, age, anemia, the presence of foreign bodies, etc.
Complications of wound healing like infection, hyperpigmentation of scar, contractures, and keloid formation.
Traditional Musical Instruments of Arunachal Pradesh and Uttar Pradesh - RAYH...
Traditional Musical Instruments of Arunachal Pradesh and Uttar Pradesh
BÀI TẬP DẠY THÊM TIẾNG ANH LỚP 7 CẢ NĂM FRIENDS PLUS SÁCH CHÂN TRỜI SÁNG TẠO ...
BÀI TẬP DẠY THÊM TIẾNG ANH LỚP 7 CẢ NĂM FRIENDS PLUS SÁCH CHÂN TRỜI SÁNG TẠO ...Nguyen Thanh Tu Collection
https://app.box.com/s/qhtvq32h4ybf9t49ku85x0n3xl4jhr15Mule event processing models | MuleSoft Mysore Meetup #47
Mule event processing models | MuleSoft Mysore Meetup #47
Event Link:- https://meetups.mulesoft.com/events/details/mulesoft-mysore-presents-mule-event-processing-models/
Agenda
● What is event processing in MuleSoft?
● Types of event processing models in Mule 4
● Distinction between the reactive, parallel, blocking & non-blocking processing
For Upcoming Meetups Join Mysore Meetup Group - https://meetups.mulesoft.com/mysore/YouTube:- youtube.com/@mulesoftmysore
Mysore WhatsApp group:- https://chat.whatsapp.com/EhqtHtCC75vCAX7gaO842N
Speaker:-
Shivani Yasaswi - https://www.linkedin.com/in/shivaniyasaswi/
Organizers:-
Shubham Chaurasia - https://www.linkedin.com/in/shubhamchaurasia1/
Giridhar Meka - https://www.linkedin.com/in/giridharmeka
Priya Shaw - https://www.linkedin.com/in/priya-shaw
Benner "Expanding Pathways to Publishing Careers"
This presentation was provided by Rebecca Benner, Ph.D., of the American Society of Anesthesiologists, for the second session of NISO's 2024 Training Series "DEIA in the Scholarly Landscape." Session Two: 'Expanding Pathways to Publishing Careers,' was held June 13, 2024.
Chapter wise All Notes of First year Basic Civil Engineering.pptx
Chapter wise All Notes of First year Basic Civil Engineering
Syllabus
Chapter-1
Introduction to objective, scope and outcome the subject
Chapter 2
Introduction: Scope and Specialization of Civil Engineering, Role of civil Engineer in Society, Impact of infrastructural development on economy of country.
Chapter 3
Surveying: Object Principles & Types of Surveying; Site Plans, Plans & Maps; Scales & Unit of different Measurements.
Linear Measurements: Instruments used. Linear Measurement by Tape, Ranging out Survey Lines and overcoming Obstructions; Measurements on sloping ground; Tape corrections, conventional symbols. Angular Measurements: Instruments used; Introduction to Compass Surveying, Bearings and Longitude & Latitude of a Line, Introduction to total station.
Levelling: Instrument used Object of levelling, Methods of levelling in brief, and Contour maps.
Chapter 4
Buildings: Selection of site for Buildings, Layout of Building Plan, Types of buildings, Plinth area, carpet area, floor space index, Introduction to building byelaws, concept of sun light & ventilation. Components of Buildings & their functions, Basic concept of R.C.C., Introduction to types of foundation
Chapter 5
Transportation: Introduction to Transportation Engineering; Traffic and Road Safety: Types and Characteristics of Various Modes of Transportation; Various Road Traffic Signs, Causes of Accidents and Road Safety Measures.
Chapter 6
Environmental Engineering: Environmental Pollution, Environmental Acts and Regulations, Functional Concepts of Ecology, Basics of Species, Biodiversity, Ecosystem, Hydrological Cycle; Chemical Cycles: Carbon, Nitrogen & Phosphorus; Energy Flow in Ecosystems.
Water Pollution: Water Quality standards, Introduction to Treatment & Disposal of Waste Water. Reuse and Saving of Water, Rain Water Harvesting. Solid Waste Management: Classification of Solid Waste, Collection, Transportation and Disposal of Solid. Recycling of Solid Waste: Energy Recovery, Sanitary Landfill, On-Site Sanitation. Air & Noise Pollution: Primary and Secondary air pollutants, Harmful effects of Air Pollution, Control of Air Pollution. . Noise Pollution Harmful Effects of noise pollution, control of noise pollution, Global warming & Climate Change, Ozone depletion, Greenhouse effect
Text Books:
1. Palancharmy, Basic Civil Engineering, McGraw Hill publishers.
2. Satheesh Gopi, Basic Civil Engineering, Pearson Publishers.
3. Ketki Rangwala Dalal, Essentials of Civil Engineering, Charotar Publishing House.
4. BCP, Surveying volume 1
RHEOLOGY Physical pharmaceutics-II notes for B.pharm 4th sem students
Physical pharmaceutics notes for B.pharm students
Level 3 NCEA - NZ: A Nation In the Making 1872 - 1900 SML.ppt
The History of NZ 1870-1900.
Making of a Nation.
From the NZ Wars to Liberals,
Richard Seddon, George Grey,
Social Laboratory, New Zealand,
Confiscations, Kotahitanga, Kingitanga, Parliament, Suffrage, Repudiation, Economic Change, Agriculture, Gold Mining, Timber, Flax, Sheep, Dairying,
Bossa N’ Roll Records by Ismael Vazquez.
Bossa N Roll Records presentation by Izzy Vazquez for Music Retail and Distribution class at Full Sail University
Recently uploaded (20)
Andreas Schleicher presents PISA 2022 Volume III - Creative Thinking - 18 Jun...
Andreas Schleicher presents PISA 2022 Volume III - Creative Thinking - 18 Jun...
BIOLOGY NATIONAL EXAMINATION COUNCIL (NECO) 2024 PRACTICAL MANUAL.pptx
BIOLOGY NATIONAL EXAMINATION COUNCIL (NECO) 2024 PRACTICAL MANUAL.pptx
Juneteenth Freedom Day 2024 David Douglas School District
Juneteenth Freedom Day 2024 David Douglas School District
Traditional Musical Instruments of Arunachal Pradesh and Uttar Pradesh - RAYH...
Traditional Musical Instruments of Arunachal Pradesh and Uttar Pradesh - RAYH...
BÀI TẬP DẠY THÊM TIẾNG ANH LỚP 7 CẢ NĂM FRIENDS PLUS SÁCH CHÂN TRỜI SÁNG TẠO ...
BÀI TẬP DẠY THÊM TIẾNG ANH LỚP 7 CẢ NĂM FRIENDS PLUS SÁCH CHÂN TRỜI SÁNG TẠO ...
Mule event processing models | MuleSoft Mysore Meetup #47
Mule event processing models | MuleSoft Mysore Meetup #47
Chapter wise All Notes of First year Basic Civil Engineering.pptx
Chapter wise All Notes of First year Basic Civil Engineering.pptx
RHEOLOGY Physical pharmaceutics-II notes for B.pharm 4th sem students
RHEOLOGY Physical pharmaceutics-II notes for B.pharm 4th sem students
REASIGNACION 2024 UGEL CHUPACA 2024 UGEL CHUPACA.pdf
REASIGNACION 2024 UGEL CHUPACA 2024 UGEL CHUPACA.pdf
Level 3 NCEA - NZ: A Nation In the Making 1872 - 1900 SML.ppt
Level 3 NCEA - NZ: A Nation In the Making 1872 - 1900 SML.ppt
SWOT analysis in the project Keeping the Memory @live.pptx
SWOT analysis in the project Keeping the Memory @live.pptx
Periodic trends
- 2. How is the periodic table arranged? The modern periodic table is arranged by increasing atomic number (protons).
- 3. Classes of elements Metals 80% of the table! Solids at room temperature (except for Mercury) Nonmetals Most are gases (except for Sulfur, Phosphorus, Bromine) Metalloids Similar properties to both metals and nonmetals depending on the conditions
- 4. Periods and Groups The vertical columns are called groups The horizontal rows are called periods
- 5. The Representative Elements Groups For 1A – 7A these elements the group number represents the number of electrons in the highest occupied energy level
- 6. Periodic Trends Atomic size (Distance between nuclei) Increases from top to bottom (energy levels increase) Decreases from left to right (electrons get pulled closer to the nucleus)
- 7. Periodic Trends Ionization energy (energy required to remove one electron) Decrease from top to bottom Increases from left to right (more attraction to nucleus makes it harder to get that electron out!)
- 8. Periodic Trends _Ionic Size (size of a charged atom) Cations (+) are always smaller than the atom from which they form Anions (-) are always larger than the atoms from which they form Increases from top to bottom Decreases from left to right
- 9. Periodic Trends Electronegativity (ability of an atom to attract electrons when in a compound) Decreases from top to bottom Increases from left to right
- 10. Vocabulary Cards Periodic Table Metal Nonmetal Metalloid Energy Level Ionization Energy Cation Anion Electronegativity Valence Electrons
- 11. POST IT UP How is electronegativity related to how an element will react in a chemical compound? I S! TH OT IG IN EE DH EL P!